AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the total computer vision syndrome questionnaire(CVS-Q)score as a predictive tool for identifying individuals with symptomatic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors.METHODS:A...AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the total computer vision syndrome questionnaire(CVS-Q)score as a predictive tool for identifying individuals with symptomatic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors.METHODS:A total of 141 healthy computer users underwent comprehensive clinical visual function assessments,including evaluations of refractive errors,accommodation(amplitude of accommodation,positive relative accommodation,negative relative accommodation,accommodative accuracy,and accommodative facility),and vergence(phoria,positive and negative fusional vergence,near point of convergence,and vergence facility).Total CVS-Q scores were recorded to explore potential associations between symptom scores and the aforementioned clinical visual function parameters.RESULTS:The cohort included 54 males(38.3%)with a mean age of 23.9±0.58y and 87 age-matched females(61.7%)with a mean age of 23.9±0.53y.The multiple regression model was statistically significant[R²=0.60,F=13.28,degrees of freedom(DF=17122,P<0.001].This indicates that 60%of the variance in total CVS-Q scores(reflecting reported symptoms)could be explained by four clinical measurements:amplitude of accommodation,positive relative accommodation,exophoria at distance and near,and positive fusional vergence at near.CONCLUSION:The total CVS-Q score is a valid and reliable tool for predicting the presence of various nonstrabismic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors in symptomatic computer users.展开更多
The rapid advancements in computer vision(CV)technology have transformed the traditional approaches to material microstructure analysis.This review outlines the history of CV and explores the applications of deep-lear...The rapid advancements in computer vision(CV)technology have transformed the traditional approaches to material microstructure analysis.This review outlines the history of CV and explores the applications of deep-learning(DL)-driven CV in four key areas of materials science:microstructure-based performance prediction,microstructure information generation,microstructure defect detection,and crystal structure-based property prediction.The CV has significantly reduced the cost of traditional experimental methods used in material performance prediction.Moreover,recent progress made in generating microstructure images and detecting microstructural defects using CV has led to increased efficiency and reliability in material performance assessments.The DL-driven CV models can accelerate the design of new materials with optimized performance by integrating predictions based on both crystal and microstructural data,thereby allowing for the discovery and innovation of next-generation materials.Finally,the review provides insights into the rapid interdisciplinary developments in the field of materials science and future prospects.展开更多
Human action recognition(HAR)is crucial for the development of efficient computer vision,where bioinspired neuromorphic perception visual systems have emerged as a vital solution to address transmission bottlenecks ac...Human action recognition(HAR)is crucial for the development of efficient computer vision,where bioinspired neuromorphic perception visual systems have emerged as a vital solution to address transmission bottlenecks across sensor-processor interfaces.However,the absence of interactions among versatile biomimicking functionalities within a single device,which was developed for specific vision tasks,restricts the computational capacity,practicality,and scalability of in-sensor vision computing.Here,we propose a bioinspired vision sensor composed of a Ga N/Al N-based ultrathin quantum-disks-in-nanowires(QD-NWs)array to mimic not only Parvo cells for high-contrast vision and Magno cells for dynamic vision in the human retina but also the synergistic activity between the two cells for in-sensor vision computing.By simply tuning the applied bias voltage on each QD-NW-array-based pixel,we achieve two biosimilar photoresponse characteristics with slow and fast reactions to light stimuli that enhance the in-sensor image quality and HAR efficiency,respectively.Strikingly,the interplay and synergistic interaction of the two photoresponse modes within a single device markedly increased the HAR recognition accuracy from 51.4%to 81.4%owing to the integrated artificial vision system.The demonstration of an intelligent vision sensor offers a promising device platform for the development of highly efficient HAR systems and future smart optoelectronics.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the association between functionaloutcomes and postoperative patient satisfaction 5y aftersmall incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and femtosecondlaser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).MET...AIM:To investigate the association between functionaloutcomes and postoperative patient satisfaction 5y aftersmall incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and femtosecondlaser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).METHODS:This is a cross-sectional study.Thepatients underwent basic ophthalmic examinations,axiallength measurement,wide-field fundus photography,andaccommodation function testing.Behavioral habits datawere collected using a self-administered questionnaire,andvisual symptoms were assessed with the Quality of Vision(QoV)questionnaire.Postoperative satisfaction was alsorecorded.RESULTS:Totally 410 subjects[820 eyes,160males(39.02%)and 250 females(60.98%)]who hadundergone SMILE or FS-LASIK 5y ago were enrolled.Themean(standard deviation,SD)age of all patients was29.83y(6.69).The mean(SD)preoperative manifest SEwas-5.80(2.04)diopters(D;range:-0.88 to-13.75).Patient satisfaction at 5y after undergoing SMILE or FSLASIKwas 91.70%.Patients were categorized into twogroups:dissatisfied group and satisfied group.Significantdifferences were observed between the two groups in termsof age(P=0.012),sex(P=0.021),preoperative degreeof myopia(P=0.049),postoperative visual symptoms(frequency,P=0.043;severity,P<0.001;bothersome,P=0.018),difficulty driving at night(P=0.001),andaccommodative amplitude(AMP,P=0.020).Multivariateanalysis confirmed that female sex(P=0.024),severityof visual symptoms(P=0.009),and difficulty driving atnight(P=0.006)were significantly associated with lowersatisfaction.The dissatisfied group showed higher rates ofstarbursts,double or multiple images,and high myopia,but lower age.The frequency,severity,and bothersome ofdistortion exhibited decreased with increasing age.CONCLUSION:Patient satisfaction 5y after SMILEand FS-LASIK is high and stable.Difficulty driving at night,sex,and severity of visual symptoms are important factorsinfluencing patient satisfaction.Special attention should bepaid to younger highly myopic female patients,particularlythose with starbursts and double or multiple images.It is crucial to monitor postoperative visual outcomesand provide patients with comprehensive preoperativecounseling to enhance long-term satisfaction.展开更多
Neurodegenerative diseases account for a large and increasing health and economic burden worldwide.With an increasingly aged population,this burden is set to increase.Optic neuropathies make up a large proportion of n...Neurodegenerative diseases account for a large and increasing health and economic burden worldwide.With an increasingly aged population,this burden is set to increase.Optic neuropathies make up a large proportion of neurodegenerative diseases with glaucoma being highly prevalent.Glaucoma is characterized by the progressive dysfunction and loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons which make up the optic nerve.It is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss and affects an estimated 80 million people.The mammalian central nervous system is non-regenerative and,once lost or injured,retinal ganglion cells cannot regenerate an axon into the optic nerve under basal conditions.Thus,strategies that provide neuroprotection to stressed,dysfunctional,or dying retinal ganglion cells are likely to be of high therapeutic and translational value.Advancing age,genetics,and elevated intraocular pressure are all major risk factors for glaucoma,however,all clinically available glaucoma treatments focus on intraocular pressure management and do not directly address the neurodegenerative component of glaucoma.展开更多
Dear Editor,Idiopathic orbital inflammation(IOI),also known as orbital inflammatory pseudotumor,is a relatively common orbital disorder[1].Its pathogenesis remains unclear,often regarded as a nonspecific immune-mediat...Dear Editor,Idiopathic orbital inflammation(IOI),also known as orbital inflammatory pseudotumor,is a relatively common orbital disorder[1].Its pathogenesis remains unclear,often regarded as a nonspecific immune-mediated response[2].IOI presents with symptoms such as pain,photophobia,proptosis,eyelid swelling,edema,conjunctival congestion,and diplopia,with possible vision loss occurring in some cases.Based on the soft tissue structures involved,IOI can be classified into subtypes such as myositis,optic neuritis,dacryoadenitis,diffuse orbital inflammation,and orbital inflammatory masses[2].展开更多
Retinal ganglion cells are the bridging neurons between the eye and the central nervous system,transmitting visual signals to the brain.The injury and loss of retinal ganglion cells are the primary pathological change...Retinal ganglion cells are the bridging neurons between the eye and the central nervous system,transmitting visual signals to the brain.The injury and loss of retinal ganglion cells are the primary pathological changes in several retinal degenerative diseases,including glaucoma,ischemic optic neuropathy,diabetic neuropathy,and optic neuritis.In mammals,injured retinal ganglion cells lack regenerative capacity and undergo apoptotic cell death within a few days of injury.Additionally,these cells exhibit limited regenerative ability,ultimately contributing to vision impairment and potentially leading to blindness.Currently,the only effective clinical treatment for glaucoma is to prevent vision loss by lowering intraocular pressure through medications or surgery;however,this approach cannot halt the effect of retinal ganglion cell loss on visual function.This review comprehensively investigates the mechanisms underlying retinal ganglion cell degeneration in retinal degenerative diseases and further explores the current status and potential of cell replacement therapy for regenerating retinal ganglion cells.As our understanding of the complex processes involved in retinal ganglion cell degeneration deepens,we can explore new treatment strategies,such as cell transplantation,which may offer more effective ways to mitigate the effect of retinal degenerative diseases on vision.展开更多
基金Supported by Ongoing Research Funding Program(ORFFT-2025-054-1),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the total computer vision syndrome questionnaire(CVS-Q)score as a predictive tool for identifying individuals with symptomatic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors.METHODS:A total of 141 healthy computer users underwent comprehensive clinical visual function assessments,including evaluations of refractive errors,accommodation(amplitude of accommodation,positive relative accommodation,negative relative accommodation,accommodative accuracy,and accommodative facility),and vergence(phoria,positive and negative fusional vergence,near point of convergence,and vergence facility).Total CVS-Q scores were recorded to explore potential associations between symptom scores and the aforementioned clinical visual function parameters.RESULTS:The cohort included 54 males(38.3%)with a mean age of 23.9±0.58y and 87 age-matched females(61.7%)with a mean age of 23.9±0.53y.The multiple regression model was statistically significant[R²=0.60,F=13.28,degrees of freedom(DF=17122,P<0.001].This indicates that 60%of the variance in total CVS-Q scores(reflecting reported symptoms)could be explained by four clinical measurements:amplitude of accommodation,positive relative accommodation,exophoria at distance and near,and positive fusional vergence at near.CONCLUSION:The total CVS-Q score is a valid and reliable tool for predicting the presence of various nonstrabismic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors in symptomatic computer users.
基金financially supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(No.52025041)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52450003,U2341267,and 52174294)+1 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents,China(No.BX20240437)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Nos.FRF-IDRY-23-037 and FRF-TP-20-02C2)。
文摘The rapid advancements in computer vision(CV)technology have transformed the traditional approaches to material microstructure analysis.This review outlines the history of CV and explores the applications of deep-learning(DL)-driven CV in four key areas of materials science:microstructure-based performance prediction,microstructure information generation,microstructure defect detection,and crystal structure-based property prediction.The CV has significantly reduced the cost of traditional experimental methods used in material performance prediction.Moreover,recent progress made in generating microstructure images and detecting microstructural defects using CV has led to increased efficiency and reliability in material performance assessments.The DL-driven CV models can accelerate the design of new materials with optimized performance by integrating predictions based on both crystal and microstructural data,thereby allowing for the discovery and innovation of next-generation materials.Finally,the review provides insights into the rapid interdisciplinary developments in the field of materials science and future prospects.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62322410,52272168,624B2135,61804047)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2030000103)。
文摘Human action recognition(HAR)is crucial for the development of efficient computer vision,where bioinspired neuromorphic perception visual systems have emerged as a vital solution to address transmission bottlenecks across sensor-processor interfaces.However,the absence of interactions among versatile biomimicking functionalities within a single device,which was developed for specific vision tasks,restricts the computational capacity,practicality,and scalability of in-sensor vision computing.Here,we propose a bioinspired vision sensor composed of a Ga N/Al N-based ultrathin quantum-disks-in-nanowires(QD-NWs)array to mimic not only Parvo cells for high-contrast vision and Magno cells for dynamic vision in the human retina but also the synergistic activity between the two cells for in-sensor vision computing.By simply tuning the applied bias voltage on each QD-NW-array-based pixel,we achieve two biosimilar photoresponse characteristics with slow and fast reactions to light stimuli that enhance the in-sensor image quality and HAR efficiency,respectively.Strikingly,the interplay and synergistic interaction of the two photoresponse modes within a single device markedly increased the HAR recognition accuracy from 51.4%to 81.4%owing to the integrated artificial vision system.The demonstration of an intelligent vision sensor offers a promising device platform for the development of highly efficient HAR systems and future smart optoelectronics.
基金Supported by Research and Transformation Application of Capital Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology by Beijing Municipal Commission of Science and Technology(No.Z201100005520043).
文摘AIM:To investigate the association between functionaloutcomes and postoperative patient satisfaction 5y aftersmall incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and femtosecondlaser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).METHODS:This is a cross-sectional study.Thepatients underwent basic ophthalmic examinations,axiallength measurement,wide-field fundus photography,andaccommodation function testing.Behavioral habits datawere collected using a self-administered questionnaire,andvisual symptoms were assessed with the Quality of Vision(QoV)questionnaire.Postoperative satisfaction was alsorecorded.RESULTS:Totally 410 subjects[820 eyes,160males(39.02%)and 250 females(60.98%)]who hadundergone SMILE or FS-LASIK 5y ago were enrolled.Themean(standard deviation,SD)age of all patients was29.83y(6.69).The mean(SD)preoperative manifest SEwas-5.80(2.04)diopters(D;range:-0.88 to-13.75).Patient satisfaction at 5y after undergoing SMILE or FSLASIKwas 91.70%.Patients were categorized into twogroups:dissatisfied group and satisfied group.Significantdifferences were observed between the two groups in termsof age(P=0.012),sex(P=0.021),preoperative degreeof myopia(P=0.049),postoperative visual symptoms(frequency,P=0.043;severity,P<0.001;bothersome,P=0.018),difficulty driving at night(P=0.001),andaccommodative amplitude(AMP,P=0.020).Multivariateanalysis confirmed that female sex(P=0.024),severityof visual symptoms(P=0.009),and difficulty driving atnight(P=0.006)were significantly associated with lowersatisfaction.The dissatisfied group showed higher rates ofstarbursts,double or multiple images,and high myopia,but lower age.The frequency,severity,and bothersome ofdistortion exhibited decreased with increasing age.CONCLUSION:Patient satisfaction 5y after SMILEand FS-LASIK is high and stable.Difficulty driving at night,sex,and severity of visual symptoms are important factorsinfluencing patient satisfaction.Special attention should bepaid to younger highly myopic female patients,particularlythose with starbursts and double or multiple images.It is crucial to monitor postoperative visual outcomesand provide patients with comprehensive preoperativecounseling to enhance long-term satisfaction.
基金supported by St.Erik Eye Hospital philanthropic donations,Vetenskapsrådet 2022-00799(to PAW).
文摘Neurodegenerative diseases account for a large and increasing health and economic burden worldwide.With an increasingly aged population,this burden is set to increase.Optic neuropathies make up a large proportion of neurodegenerative diseases with glaucoma being highly prevalent.Glaucoma is characterized by the progressive dysfunction and loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons which make up the optic nerve.It is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss and affects an estimated 80 million people.The mammalian central nervous system is non-regenerative and,once lost or injured,retinal ganglion cells cannot regenerate an axon into the optic nerve under basal conditions.Thus,strategies that provide neuroprotection to stressed,dysfunctional,or dying retinal ganglion cells are likely to be of high therapeutic and translational value.Advancing age,genetics,and elevated intraocular pressure are all major risk factors for glaucoma,however,all clinically available glaucoma treatments focus on intraocular pressure management and do not directly address the neurodegenerative component of glaucoma.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82388101,No.81930024)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(No.22YS1400400,No.20DZ2270800).
文摘Dear Editor,Idiopathic orbital inflammation(IOI),also known as orbital inflammatory pseudotumor,is a relatively common orbital disorder[1].Its pathogenesis remains unclear,often regarded as a nonspecific immune-mediated response[2].IOI presents with symptoms such as pain,photophobia,proptosis,eyelid swelling,edema,conjunctival congestion,and diplopia,with possible vision loss occurring in some cases.Based on the soft tissue structures involved,IOI can be classified into subtypes such as myositis,optic neuritis,dacryoadenitis,diffuse orbital inflammation,and orbital inflammatory masses[2].
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2019YFA0111200the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.U23A20436,82371047+3 种基金Key Research Project in Shanxi Province,No.202302130501008Shanxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,No.202103021221008Key Research and Development Program in Shanxi Province,No.202204051001023Shanxi Medical University Doctor’s Startup Fund Project,No.SD22028(all to YG)。
文摘Retinal ganglion cells are the bridging neurons between the eye and the central nervous system,transmitting visual signals to the brain.The injury and loss of retinal ganglion cells are the primary pathological changes in several retinal degenerative diseases,including glaucoma,ischemic optic neuropathy,diabetic neuropathy,and optic neuritis.In mammals,injured retinal ganglion cells lack regenerative capacity and undergo apoptotic cell death within a few days of injury.Additionally,these cells exhibit limited regenerative ability,ultimately contributing to vision impairment and potentially leading to blindness.Currently,the only effective clinical treatment for glaucoma is to prevent vision loss by lowering intraocular pressure through medications or surgery;however,this approach cannot halt the effect of retinal ganglion cell loss on visual function.This review comprehensively investigates the mechanisms underlying retinal ganglion cell degeneration in retinal degenerative diseases and further explores the current status and potential of cell replacement therapy for regenerating retinal ganglion cells.As our understanding of the complex processes involved in retinal ganglion cell degeneration deepens,we can explore new treatment strategies,such as cell transplantation,which may offer more effective ways to mitigate the effect of retinal degenerative diseases on vision.
