Dear Editor,Inguinal hernia repair(IHR)performed during childhood is a prevalent etiological factor for obstructive azoospermia(OA)attributed to vasal injury.OA couples can achieve pregnancy through intracytoplasmic s...Dear Editor,Inguinal hernia repair(IHR)performed during childhood is a prevalent etiological factor for obstructive azoospermia(OA)attributed to vasal injury.OA couples can achieve pregnancy through intracytoplasmic sperm injection or natural pregnancy after microsurgical anastomosis.Recent advancements have highlighted the potential utility of laparoscopy-assisted vasovasostomy for treating OA caused by childhood herniorrhaphy.展开更多
Vasectomy is a safe and effective method of contraception used by 42-60 million men worldwide. Approximately 3%-6% of men opt for a vasectomy reversal due to the death of a child or divorce and remarriage, change in f...Vasectomy is a safe and effective method of contraception used by 42-60 million men worldwide. Approximately 3%-6% of men opt for a vasectomy reversal due to the death of a child or divorce and remarriage, change in financial situation, desire for more children within the same marriage, or to alleviate the dreaded postvasectomy pain syndrome. Unlike vasectomy, vasectomy reversal is a much more technically challenging procedure that is performed only by a minority of urologists and places a larger financial strain on the patient since it is usually not covered by insurance. Interest in this procedure has increased since the operating microscope became available in the 1970s, which consequently led to improved patency and pregnancy rates following the procedure. In this clinical update, we discuss patient evaluation, variables that may influence reversal success rates, factors to consider in choosing to perform vasovasostomy versus vasoepididymostomy, and the usefulness of vasectomy reversal to alleviate postvasectomy pain syndrome. We also review the use of robotics for vasectomy reversal and other novel techniques and instrumentation that have emerged in recent years to aid in the success of this surgery.展开更多
探讨了沉淀硫酸钡(BaSO4)和硅灰石矿纤(wollastonite mineral fiber)对溴锑体系中5VA级阻燃ABS(丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物)性能的影响。通过不同配比的沉淀硫酸钡和硅灰石矿纤的添加,评估其对阻燃性能、机械性能及热稳定性的影响。实...探讨了沉淀硫酸钡(BaSO4)和硅灰石矿纤(wollastonite mineral fiber)对溴锑体系中5VA级阻燃ABS(丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物)性能的影响。通过不同配比的沉淀硫酸钡和硅灰石矿纤的添加,评估其对阻燃性能、机械性能及热稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,添加适量的沉淀硫酸钡可以有效提高ABS的阻燃性能,提升其氧指数(LOI),同时通过形成炭化层增强了热稳定性。硅灰石矿纤的引入则进一步改善了材料的力学性能,如拉伸强度和冲击韧性。综合使用这两种添加剂时,阻燃ABS表现出优异的综合性能,满足5VA级阻燃标准。此外,在热重分析(TGA)结果显示,复合材料在高温环境下具有良好的热分解行为。扫描电镜微观结构观察表明,沉淀硫酸钡和硅灰石矿纤的复合有助于形成均匀的阻燃网络,提高了材料的整体耐热性和阻燃性。本研究为阻燃ABS的改性提供了新的思路,展示了沉淀硫酸钡和硅灰石矿纤的协同作用,为今后开发高性能阻燃材料奠定了基础。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2702701)Shanghai Scientific and Technological Project(No.20Y11907600)Clinical Research Innovation Plan of Shanghai General Hospital(No.CTCCR-2021C17).
文摘Dear Editor,Inguinal hernia repair(IHR)performed during childhood is a prevalent etiological factor for obstructive azoospermia(OA)attributed to vasal injury.OA couples can achieve pregnancy through intracytoplasmic sperm injection or natural pregnancy after microsurgical anastomosis.Recent advancements have highlighted the potential utility of laparoscopy-assisted vasovasostomy for treating OA caused by childhood herniorrhaphy.
文摘Vasectomy is a safe and effective method of contraception used by 42-60 million men worldwide. Approximately 3%-6% of men opt for a vasectomy reversal due to the death of a child or divorce and remarriage, change in financial situation, desire for more children within the same marriage, or to alleviate the dreaded postvasectomy pain syndrome. Unlike vasectomy, vasectomy reversal is a much more technically challenging procedure that is performed only by a minority of urologists and places a larger financial strain on the patient since it is usually not covered by insurance. Interest in this procedure has increased since the operating microscope became available in the 1970s, which consequently led to improved patency and pregnancy rates following the procedure. In this clinical update, we discuss patient evaluation, variables that may influence reversal success rates, factors to consider in choosing to perform vasovasostomy versus vasoepididymostomy, and the usefulness of vasectomy reversal to alleviate postvasectomy pain syndrome. We also review the use of robotics for vasectomy reversal and other novel techniques and instrumentation that have emerged in recent years to aid in the success of this surgery.
文摘探讨了沉淀硫酸钡(BaSO4)和硅灰石矿纤(wollastonite mineral fiber)对溴锑体系中5VA级阻燃ABS(丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物)性能的影响。通过不同配比的沉淀硫酸钡和硅灰石矿纤的添加,评估其对阻燃性能、机械性能及热稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,添加适量的沉淀硫酸钡可以有效提高ABS的阻燃性能,提升其氧指数(LOI),同时通过形成炭化层增强了热稳定性。硅灰石矿纤的引入则进一步改善了材料的力学性能,如拉伸强度和冲击韧性。综合使用这两种添加剂时,阻燃ABS表现出优异的综合性能,满足5VA级阻燃标准。此外,在热重分析(TGA)结果显示,复合材料在高温环境下具有良好的热分解行为。扫描电镜微观结构观察表明,沉淀硫酸钡和硅灰石矿纤的复合有助于形成均匀的阻燃网络,提高了材料的整体耐热性和阻燃性。本研究为阻燃ABS的改性提供了新的思路,展示了沉淀硫酸钡和硅灰石矿纤的协同作用,为今后开发高性能阻燃材料奠定了基础。
