David Cameron' s speech in Munich(February 2011) has been seen as a U-turn of the British approach to ethnic minorities and diversity(particularly concerning Muslims and South Asians) and a clear rejection of mult...David Cameron' s speech in Munich(February 2011) has been seen as a U-turn of the British approach to ethnic minorities and diversity(particularly concerning Muslims and South Asians) and a clear rejection of multiculturalism,in the wake of the European terror attacks(Madrid 2004,London 2005).The heyday of multiculturalism is associated to Tony Blair' s Premiership(1997-2007) and more generally to New Labour rule(1997-2010).After defining multiculturalism this paper will try and put it in a historical and philosophical perspective,that is to say as one of the latest offshoots of Utilitarianism within the general framework of Western liberalism.Revisiting Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill may help understand the notions of tolerance and political freedom that are part and parcel of the multicultural project.展开更多
Madame Bovary is a very famous work around the world. Many researches have been made on this great work from various aspects, such as female consciousness, love view, romanticism, and so on. The main character of this...Madame Bovary is a very famous work around the world. Many researches have been made on this great work from various aspects, such as female consciousness, love view, romanticism, and so on. The main character of this novel, Mrs. Bovary, blindly pursues her own business and finally leads to a tragic life. This kind of action is in line with the key point of utility. This article uses the principle of utilitarianism to analyze how it gradually puts Mrs. Bovary into abyss, aiming to express the perniciousness of utility towards people’s life and warn humans to stay away from utilitarian circles in this modern economic society.展开更多
Utilitarianism is the branch of philosophy that studies the usefulness of an idea. Among the possible gains and losses, the balance must be positive to reach the intended utility. Criminal law is the most repressive b...Utilitarianism is the branch of philosophy that studies the usefulness of an idea. Among the possible gains and losses, the balance must be positive to reach the intended utility. Criminal law is the most repressive branch of legal system and therefore should be applied sparingly by the state. Its usefulness should be the protection of legal interests and minimal restriction of personal liberty. The lawmaker should seek the best way to achieve this utility with the choice of the most relevant legal interests and less repressive means before appealing to the criminal law. The legal interests protected by criminal law must be the most important ones for a social life in harmony and prohibited behaviors must be injurious or dangerous to those legal interests. The Rule of Law does not authorize criminal prohibitions without a minimum limit that allows citizens to behave according to their wishes, provided that does not harm the interests of other people. This is the calculation that legislator, judge, and interpreter should seek： more protection and less restriction to citizens.展开更多
Although Thackeray in his Vanity Fair has bitterly satirized the follies and cruelties of some Victorians among whom Benthamite Utilitarianism was rampant, there are few studies focusing on his criticism on this ideol...Although Thackeray in his Vanity Fair has bitterly satirized the follies and cruelties of some Victorians among whom Benthamite Utilitarianism was rampant, there are few studies focusing on his criticism on this ideology.This paper, through a study of Utilitarian principles and values, and an investigation into and an interpretation of Thackeray's symbolism through the two household articles—Iphigenia clock and the family Bible, exposes Thackeray's criticism on Benthamite Utilitarianism and offers a clue to its effects on Victorians.展开更多
约翰·密尔(John Stuart Mill)的民族理论是西方民族理论的重要流派,长期被视为“一族一国论”的渊源。传统观点认为,密尔是自由民族主义的理论先驱,其民族理论的核心是自由民族主义。但进一步研究发现,自由民族主义并不足以全面准...约翰·密尔(John Stuart Mill)的民族理论是西方民族理论的重要流派,长期被视为“一族一国论”的渊源。传统观点认为,密尔是自由民族主义的理论先驱,其民族理论的核心是自由民族主义。但进一步研究发现,自由民族主义并不足以全面准确概括密尔民族理论,其功利主义的政治哲学属性不应被忽视。本文重新讨论了密尔民族理论,提出“自由-功利民族主义”的新表述,并进而揭示其与“一族一国论”的耦合性。密尔自由-功利民族主义体现了自由主义、功利主义与民族主义的思想融通。其核心原则“政府的范围与国家的范围一致”和“最大多数人的最大幸福”,分别体现了密尔民族理论的自由主义向度与功利主义向度。密尔自由-功利民族主义可作为透视西方民族理论与实践的窗口,其政治思想和理论范式在产生广泛影响的同时,也面临诸多理论紧张与实践困境,可谓是“一族一国论”备受诟病的“原罪”。揭示“一族一国论”的自由-功利民族主义实质具有重要的政治哲学溯源和理论批判意义,有助于避免对“一族一国论”作简单化的理解。展开更多
文摘David Cameron' s speech in Munich(February 2011) has been seen as a U-turn of the British approach to ethnic minorities and diversity(particularly concerning Muslims and South Asians) and a clear rejection of multiculturalism,in the wake of the European terror attacks(Madrid 2004,London 2005).The heyday of multiculturalism is associated to Tony Blair' s Premiership(1997-2007) and more generally to New Labour rule(1997-2010).After defining multiculturalism this paper will try and put it in a historical and philosophical perspective,that is to say as one of the latest offshoots of Utilitarianism within the general framework of Western liberalism.Revisiting Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill may help understand the notions of tolerance and political freedom that are part and parcel of the multicultural project.
文摘Madame Bovary is a very famous work around the world. Many researches have been made on this great work from various aspects, such as female consciousness, love view, romanticism, and so on. The main character of this novel, Mrs. Bovary, blindly pursues her own business and finally leads to a tragic life. This kind of action is in line with the key point of utility. This article uses the principle of utilitarianism to analyze how it gradually puts Mrs. Bovary into abyss, aiming to express the perniciousness of utility towards people’s life and warn humans to stay away from utilitarian circles in this modern economic society.
文摘Utilitarianism is the branch of philosophy that studies the usefulness of an idea. Among the possible gains and losses, the balance must be positive to reach the intended utility. Criminal law is the most repressive branch of legal system and therefore should be applied sparingly by the state. Its usefulness should be the protection of legal interests and minimal restriction of personal liberty. The lawmaker should seek the best way to achieve this utility with the choice of the most relevant legal interests and less repressive means before appealing to the criminal law. The legal interests protected by criminal law must be the most important ones for a social life in harmony and prohibited behaviors must be injurious or dangerous to those legal interests. The Rule of Law does not authorize criminal prohibitions without a minimum limit that allows citizens to behave according to their wishes, provided that does not harm the interests of other people. This is the calculation that legislator, judge, and interpreter should seek： more protection and less restriction to citizens.
文摘Although Thackeray in his Vanity Fair has bitterly satirized the follies and cruelties of some Victorians among whom Benthamite Utilitarianism was rampant, there are few studies focusing on his criticism on this ideology.This paper, through a study of Utilitarian principles and values, and an investigation into and an interpretation of Thackeray's symbolism through the two household articles—Iphigenia clock and the family Bible, exposes Thackeray's criticism on Benthamite Utilitarianism and offers a clue to its effects on Victorians.
文摘约翰·密尔(John Stuart Mill)的民族理论是西方民族理论的重要流派,长期被视为“一族一国论”的渊源。传统观点认为,密尔是自由民族主义的理论先驱,其民族理论的核心是自由民族主义。但进一步研究发现,自由民族主义并不足以全面准确概括密尔民族理论,其功利主义的政治哲学属性不应被忽视。本文重新讨论了密尔民族理论,提出“自由-功利民族主义”的新表述,并进而揭示其与“一族一国论”的耦合性。密尔自由-功利民族主义体现了自由主义、功利主义与民族主义的思想融通。其核心原则“政府的范围与国家的范围一致”和“最大多数人的最大幸福”,分别体现了密尔民族理论的自由主义向度与功利主义向度。密尔自由-功利民族主义可作为透视西方民族理论与实践的窗口,其政治思想和理论范式在产生广泛影响的同时,也面临诸多理论紧张与实践困境,可谓是“一族一国论”备受诟病的“原罪”。揭示“一族一国论”的自由-功利民族主义实质具有重要的政治哲学溯源和理论批判意义,有助于避免对“一族一国论”作简单化的理解。
