《牛津现代英汉双解词典》(增补版)将词条"outlast"[1](P1440)的一个义项及其例证last longer than du-ration和outlasted its usefulness分别译作"比…经久"与"经久耐用"。实际上这是两则明显的误解与...《牛津现代英汉双解词典》(增补版)将词条"outlast"[1](P1440)的一个义项及其例证last longer than du-ration和outlasted its usefulness分别译作"比…经久"与"经久耐用"。实际上这是两则明显的误解与误译。与此相反,它们实应理解为"(某事物因存在或使用时间超过特定期限而)不再经久"(no longer last or exist)和"不再有用"(be no longer useful)。文章从语言的连续统(continuum)视角对相关理据作了客观分析与可能探索,兼及双语词典翻译的相关原则问题。展开更多
BACKGROUND Cognitive decline is common among older patients with cardiovascular disease(CVD) and can decrease their self-management abilities. However, the instruments for identifying mild cognitive impairment(MCI) ar...BACKGROUND Cognitive decline is common among older patients with cardiovascular disease(CVD) and can decrease their self-management abilities. However, the instruments for identifying mild cognitive impairment(MCI) are not always feasible in clinical practice. Therefore, this study evaluated whether MCI could be detected using the Japanese version of the Rapid Dementia Screening Test(RDST-J), which is a simple screening tool for identifying cognitive decline.METHODS This retrospective single-center study included patients who were ≥ 65 years old and hospitalized because of CVD.Patients with a pre-hospitalization diagnosis of dementia were excluded. Each patient's cognitive function had been measured at discharge using the RDST-J and the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(Mo CA-J), which is a standard tool for MCI screening. The correlation between the two scores was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis was also to evaluate whether the RDST-J could identify MCI, which was defined as a Mo CA-J score of ≤ 25 points.RESULTS The study included 78 patients(mean age: 77.2 ± 8.9 years). The RDST-J and Mo CA-J scores were strongly correlated(r = 0.835, P < 0.001). The ROC analysis revealed that an RDST-J score of ≤ 9 points provided 75.4% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity for identifying MCI, with an area under the curve of 0.899(95% CI: 0.835-0.964). The same cut-off value was identified when excluding patients with a high probability of dementia(RDST-J score of ≤ 4 points).CONCLUSIONS The RDST-J may be a simple and effective tool for identifying MCI in older patients with CVD.展开更多
This investigation was aimed to assess the usefulness of delayed hepalobillary Imaging in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sixty-two patients with this hepatic cancer were Included in the study. ...This investigation was aimed to assess the usefulness of delayed hepalobillary Imaging in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sixty-two patients with this hepatic cancer were Included in the study. 56 males and 6 females, with a mean age of 50. 6 yr. (32 - 72 years old). All patients were performed by surgery, verified histologically, and these tumors were smaller than 5 cm. Liver scans were performed 5 minutes, 2 hours and 5 hours after the administration of radlopharmaceutices. In 31 of the 62 patients (50%), the tumor exhibited equal radioactivity uptake or greater radioactivity uptake than the surrounding liver in delayed imaging. And the sensitivity was 33. 3% (2/6), 41.2% (7/17), 60.0% (9/15) and 54.2% (13/24) In the tumor size was ≤2 cm, 2-3cm, 3-4 cm and 4 - 5 cm, respectively. The smallest mass to be detected was only 1. 2 cm. The uptake of radiopharmaceutic was nonsignificantly related to serum AFP level and hepatic cirrhosis (P>0. 05). These results show that 99-Tc-PMT delayed hepatobiliary imaging can be useful in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma.展开更多
Nowadays, many scholars would like to use evidence derived from elicitation and introspection in their research. Both elicitation and introspection are common methods of data collection. The essay discusses the useful...Nowadays, many scholars would like to use evidence derived from elicitation and introspection in their research. Both elicitation and introspection are common methods of data collection. The essay discusses the usefulness and pitfall of elicitation and introspection. It finds out that both elicitation and introspection have their own advantages and disadvantages.展开更多
Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale, “parental anxiety about pediatric emergency medical care services” (PAPEMCS), and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: Participants were 14,510 par...Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale, “parental anxiety about pediatric emergency medical care services” (PAPEMCS), and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: Participants were 14,510 parents with children 6 years old or younger in Kagawa Prefecture. Using each half of the participants, exploratory factor analysis was performed to generate items and factors for the PAPEMCS, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to establish the construct validity. The generalizability of the PAPEMCS was evaluated by congruence tests and multigroup CFA. The usefulness of the PAPEMCS was established by the relationship between the PAPEMCS and non-urgent usage of pediatric emergency medical care services (PEMCS). Results: The PAPEMCS compromised 4 factors: “anxiety about quality of PEMCS”, “anxiety about PEMCS system”, “anxiety about public support”, and “anxiety about private support”. All reliability estimates (polychoric ordinal alpha coefficients, item-rest correlations), the item discrimination, 5 fit indices for CFA, the convergent validity (indicator reliabilities, composite reliabilities, average variance extracteds), and the discriminant validity fulfilled the acceptability thresholds. All generalizability estimates fulfilled the predetermined levels of acceptability (Tucker’s congruence coefficients, congruence tests, strict factorial invariance). The usefulness of the PAPEMCS was established by the higher scores of the PAPEMCS being related to non-urgent usage of PEMCS. Conclusions: The PAPEMCS demonstrated satisfactory reliability, validity, generalizability and usefulness. The PAPEMCS is useful to quantify the contents and extent of parental anxiety about PEMCS, and to clarify the mechanisms of non-urgent PEMCS usage.展开更多
In making purchasing decisions, consumers look to online reviews posted by others who have used or experienced the product/service. Most existing studies on online reviews only focused on their content without address...In making purchasing decisions, consumers look to online reviews posted by others who have used or experienced the product/service. Most existing studies on online reviews only focused on their content without addressing how their explanation type influences purchasing decisions, not to mention the boundary conditions for such effects. Based on three experimental studies, this paper examines how explanation type affects the perceived usefulness of online reviews and purchasing decisions, and discusses the boundary conditions for such effects. Our findings show that positive explanation type has a positive effect on the perceived usefulness of online reviews, while negative explanation has an insignificant impact. For search products, there is a positive correlation between the online reviews of explained actions and the perceived usefulness of consumer reviews. For experience products, there is a positive correlation between the online reviews of explained reactions and the perceived usefulness of consumer reviews. Further research found that temporal distance may moderate the effects of explanation type and product type on the perceived usefulness of online reviews. This study also provides a new approach for research on the word-of-mouth(WOM) with meaningful implications for e-commerce firms.展开更多
This study investigates the perceived usefulness of selected accounting information presented in the financial statements of small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Mailed questionnaires were sent to SMEs＇ owne...This study investigates the perceived usefulness of selected accounting information presented in the financial statements of small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Mailed questionnaires were sent to SMEs＇ owner and loan officers in Malaysia. The findings show that the SMEs＇ owners and loan officers have substantially similar views on the usefulness of the accounting information. In addition, this study has found that the academic qualification and time spent in reading the financial statement have significant relationships with the SMEs＇ owners＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information, whereas types of business organization, awareness about financial reporting regulation, and level of understanding of the financial statements do not. On the other hand, for the loan officers, accouting expertise, year in position, and awareness about the financial reporting regulation do not have a significant relationship with the loan officers＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information. Meanwhile, experience in assessing SMEs＇ financial statements has a significantly negative relationship with the loan officers＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information. The results of this study may enable the SMEs＇ managers to realize the informational needs of the users of their financial statements.展开更多
There are many arguments about Hume in the history of philosophy,especially after Kant criticized Hume,Kant believed that there is no concept of“universality”in Hume’s ethics.By analyzing Hume’s text,this article ...There are many arguments about Hume in the history of philosophy,especially after Kant criticized Hume,Kant believed that there is no concept of“universality”in Hume’s ethics.By analyzing Hume’s text,this article points out that Hume also pursues“universality”,and his“universality”is a universality in the sense of usefulness.Not only does his ethics have the concept of universality,but Hume also pursues universality in the field of nature science.This is helpful for the academic community to re-recognize Hume and further promote the study of Hume.展开更多
AIM: To investigate if there is a correlation between electrical activity measured by electrogastrography (EGG) and contractile activity of the stomach as measured by antroduodenal manometry (ADM). We also studied whe...AIM: To investigate if there is a correlation between electrical activity measured by electrogastrography (EGG) and contractile activity of the stomach as measured by antroduodenal manometry (ADM). We also studied whether the underlying motility disorder could be predicted from EGG parameters. METHODS: We compared 21 parameters measured from EGG with 8 parameters measured from ADM. The ability of EGG to identify the underlying diagnosis was tested by comparing EGG parameters for each diagnosis group against other patients. The study comprised recordings from 148 patients and 125 females. Their median age was 45 (range 17-76) years. RESULTS: We found few and weak correlations between EGG and ADM. Specifically the correlation between parameters reflecting the response to meal was poor (r = -0.07, P = 0.39). The discriminatory power of EGG for underlying motility disorder was also low. Patients with slow transit constipation (STC) showed a lower postprandial power in normogastric (3.7 ± 0.5 vs 4.0 ± 0.5) and tachygastric (3.5 ± 0.4 vs 3.7 ± 0.4) regions, a lower percentage of time with normogastria [87.2 (56.5-100)% vs 95.7 (0-100)%], and a higher percentage of time with tachygastria [9.3 (0-33)% vs 3.5 (0-100)%] and bradygastria [1.8 (0-20)% vs 0 (0-17.1)%]. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome had a higher percentage of time with normogastria [96.5 (62.5-100)% vs 93.3 (0-100)%] and a less unstable dominant frequency as measured by the instability coefficient [15 (3-77) vs 24 (2-72)]. CONCLUSION: EGG and ADM seem to measure different aspects of gastric motor activity but cannot show a spatial correlation. The diagnostic value of EGG is poor, but EGG may have some value for the identification of patients with STC.展开更多
As part of my master’s programme in resource use and environmental science at China Agricultural University,I had the privilege of joining a study trip to the Shiyang River Basin and its surrounding areas from 17 to ...As part of my master’s programme in resource use and environmental science at China Agricultural University,I had the privilege of joining a study trip to the Shiyang River Basin and its surrounding areas from 17 to 21 July 2025.This trip to Gansu Province was organised under the China-Africa Joint Centre for Agricultural Demonstration and Training in Arid Regions programme,an initiative aligned with President Xi Jinping’s call for deeper China-Africa cooperation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a major public health concern linked to psychiatric and physical morbidity.However,evidence from East Asia,particularly from registry-based and sex-inclusive analyses,remain...BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a major public health concern linked to psychiatric and physical morbidity.However,evidence from East Asia,particularly from registry-based and sex-inclusive analyses,remains limited.We hypothesized that IPV survivors would have elevated risks of psychiatric disorders and stressrelated physical conditions.AIM To assess psychiatric and physical health risks following IPV exposure in Taiwan.METHODS We conducted a nationwide,registry-based case control study using data from Taiwan’s Health and Welfare Data Science Center.Adults aged 18-64 years with a first IPV report in 2019(n=43393)were matched 1:1 by sex and age to controls.Incident diagnoses within 1 year were identified from claims data.Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios(AORs).RESULTS Compared to controls,IPV survivors had higher risks of depressive disorders[AOR=4.18,95%confidence interval(CI):3.78-4.60,P<0.001],bipolar disorder(AOR=4.81,95%CI:3.83-6.10,P<0.001),schizophrenia(AOR=1.75,95%CI:1.46-2.10,P<0.001),and alcohol/substance use disorders(AOR=5.98,95%CI:2.21-8.50,P<0.001).The risk of asthma was modestly elevated(AOR=1.31,95%CI:1.08-1.60,P=0.006).No significant association was observed for irritable bowel syndrome(P=0.94).CONCLUSION IPV survivors in Taiwan face substantially increased psychiatric risk and a modestly elevated risk of asthma,warranting early screening and integrated mental and physical health care.展开更多
Accurately estimating the State of Health(SOH)and Remaining Useful Life(RUL)of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is crucial for the continuous and stable operation of battery management systems.However,due to the complex int...Accurately estimating the State of Health(SOH)and Remaining Useful Life(RUL)of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is crucial for the continuous and stable operation of battery management systems.However,due to the complex internal chemical systems of LIBs and the nonlinear degradation of their performance,direct measurement of SOH and RUL is challenging.To address these issues,the Twin Support Vector Machine(TWSVM)method is proposed to predict SOH and RUL.Initially,the constant current charging time of the lithium battery is extracted as a health indicator(HI),decomposed using Variational Modal Decomposition(VMD),and feature correlations are computed using Importance of Random Forest Features(RF)to maximize the extraction of critical factors influencing battery performance degradation.Furthermore,to enhance the global search capability of the Convolution Optimization Algorithm(COA),improvements are made using Good Point Set theory and the Differential Evolution method.The Improved Convolution Optimization Algorithm(ICOA)is employed to optimize TWSVM parameters for constructing SOH and RUL prediction models.Finally,the proposed models are validated using NASA and CALCE lithium-ion battery datasets.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed models achieve an RMSE not exceeding 0.007 and an MAPE not exceeding 0.0082 for SOH and RUL prediction,with a relative error in RUL prediction within the range of[-1.8%,2%].Compared to other models,the proposed model not only exhibits superior fitting capability but also demonstrates robust performance.展开更多
The increased frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events due to climate change could potentially influence the movement of nutrients from land-based regions into recipient rivers.However,little information is av...The increased frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events due to climate change could potentially influence the movement of nutrients from land-based regions into recipient rivers.However,little information is available on how the rainfall affect nutrient dynamics in subtropicalmontane rivers with complex land use.This study conducted high-frequency monitoring to study the effects of rainfall on nutrients dynamics in an agricultural river draining to Lake Qiandaohu,a montane reservoir of southeast China.The results showed that riverine total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)concentrations increased continuously with increasing rainfall intensity,while TN:TP decreased.The heavy rainfall and rainstorm drove more than 30%of the annual N and P loading in only 5.20%of the total rainfall period,indicating that increased storm runoff is likely to exacerbate eutrophication in montane reservoirs.NO_(3)^(−)-N is the primary nitrogen form lost,while particulate phosphorus(PP)dominated phosphorus loss.Themain source of N is cropland,and themain source of P is residential area.Spatially,forestedwatersheds have better drainage quality,while it is still a potential source of nonpoint pollution during rainfall events.TN and TP concentrations were significantly higher at sites dominated by cropland and residential area,indicating their substantial contributions to deteriorating river water quality.Temporally,TN and TP concentrations reached high values in May-August when rainfall was most intense,while they were lower in autumn and winter than that in spring and summer under the same rainfall intensities.The results emphasize the influence of rainfall-runoff and land use on dynamics of riverine N and P loads,providing guidance for nutrient load reduction planning for Lake Qiandaohu.展开更多
1.Introduction Changes in land use are key factors promoting global climate change,and the side effects of mining activity that destroy the soil,vegetation,and biodiversity lead to imbalanced carbon cycling in terrest...1.Introduction Changes in land use are key factors promoting global climate change,and the side effects of mining activity that destroy the soil,vegetation,and biodiversity lead to imbalanced carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.展开更多
Accurate prediction of the remaining useful life(RUL)is crucial for the design and management of lithium-ion batteries.Although various machine learning models offer promising predictions,one critical but often overlo...Accurate prediction of the remaining useful life(RUL)is crucial for the design and management of lithium-ion batteries.Although various machine learning models offer promising predictions,one critical but often overlooked challenge is their demand for considerable run-to-failure data for training.Collection of such training data leads to prohibitive testing efforts as the run-to-failure tests can last for years.Here,we propose a semi-supervised representation learning method to enhance prediction accuracy by learning from data without RUL labels.Our approach builds on a sophisticated deep neural network that comprises an encoder and three decoder heads to extract time-dependent representation features from short-term battery operating data regardless of the existence of RUL labels.The approach is validated using three datasets collected from 34 batteries operating under various conditions,encompassing over 19,900 charge and discharge cycles.Our method achieves a root mean squared error(RMSE)within 25 cycles,even when only 1/50 of the training dataset is labelled,representing a reduction of 48%compared to the conventional approach.We also demonstrate the method's robustness with varying numbers of labelled data and different weights assigned to the three decoder heads.The projection of extracted features in low space reveals that our method effectively learns degradation features from unlabelled data.Our approach highlights the promise of utilising semi-supervised learning to reduce the data demand for reliability monitoring of energy devices.展开更多
Water use efficiency(WUE),as a pivotal indicator of the coupling degree within the carbon–water cycle of ecosystems,holds considerable importance in assessment of the carbon–water balance within terrestrial ecosyste...Water use efficiency(WUE),as a pivotal indicator of the coupling degree within the carbon–water cycle of ecosystems,holds considerable importance in assessment of the carbon–water balance within terrestrial ecosystems.However,in the context of global warming,WUE evolution and its primary drivers on the Tibetan Plateau remain unclear.This study employed the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method and the random forest algorithm to decipher the nonlinear trends and drivers of WUE on the Tibetan Plateau in 2001–2020.Results indicated an annual mean WUE of 0.8088 gC/mm·m^(2)across the plateau,with a spatial gradient reflecting decrease from the southeast toward the northwest.Areas manifesting monotonous trends of increase or decrease in WUE accounted for 23.64%and 9.69%of the total,respectively.Remarkably,66.67%of the region exhibited trend reversals,i.e.,39.94%of the area of the Tibetan Plateau showed transition from a trend of increase to a trend of decrease,and 26.73%of the area demonstrated a shift from a trend of decrease to a trend of increase.Environmental factors accounted for 70.79%of the variability in WUE.The leaf area index and temperature served as the major driving forces of WUE variation.展开更多
In recent years,advancements in autonomous vehicle technology have accelerated,promising safer and more efficient transportation systems.However,achieving fully autonomous driving in challenging weather conditions,par...In recent years,advancements in autonomous vehicle technology have accelerated,promising safer and more efficient transportation systems.However,achieving fully autonomous driving in challenging weather conditions,particularly in snowy environments,remains a challenge.Snow-covered roads introduce unpredictable surface conditions,occlusions,and reduced visibility,that require robust and adaptive path detection algorithms.This paper presents an enhanced road detection framework for snowy environments,leveraging Simple Framework forContrastive Learning of Visual Representations(SimCLR)for Self-Supervised pretraining,hyperparameter optimization,and uncertainty-aware object detection to improve the performance of YouOnly Look Once version 8(YOLOv8).Themodel is trained and evaluated on a custom-built dataset collected from snowy roads in Tromsø,Norway,which covers a range of snow textures,illumination conditions,and road geometries.The proposed framework achieves scores in terms of mAP@50 equal to 99%and mAP@50–95 equal to 97%,demonstrating the effectiveness of YOLOv8 for real-time road detection in extreme winter conditions.The findings contribute to the safe and reliable deployment of autonomous vehicles in Arctic environments,enabling robust decision-making in hazardous weather conditions.This research lays the groundwork for more resilient perceptionmodels in self-driving systems,paving the way for the future development of intelligent and adaptive transportation networks.展开更多
The increase in soil temperature associated with climate change has introduced considerable challenges to crop production.Split nitrogen application(SN)represents a potential strategy for improving crop nitrogen use e...The increase in soil temperature associated with climate change has introduced considerable challenges to crop production.Split nitrogen application(SN)represents a potential strategy for improving crop nitrogen use efficiency and enhancing crop stress resistance.Nevertheless,the precise interaction between soil warming(SW)and SN remains unclear.In order to ascertain the impact of SW on maize growth and whether SN can improve the tolerance of maize to SW,a two-year field experiment was conducted(2022-2023).The aim was to examine the influence of two SW ranges(MT,warming 1.40℃;HT,warming 2.75℃)and two nitrogen application methods(N1,one-time basal application of nitrogen fertilizer;N2,one third of base nitrogen fertilizer+two thirds of jointing stage supplemental nitrogen fertilizer)on maize root growth,photosynthetic characteristics,nitrogen use efficiency,and yield.The results demonstrated that SW impeded root growth and precipitated the premature aging of maize leaves following anthesis,particularly in the HT,which led to a notable reduction in maize yield.In comparison to N1,SN has been shown to increase root length density by 8.54%,root bleeding rate by 8.57%,and enhance root distribution ratio in the middle soil layers(20-60 cm).The interaction between SW and SN had a notable impact on maize growth and yield.The SN improved the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen by promoting root development and downward canopy growth,thus improving the tolerance of maize to SW at the later stage of growth.In particular,the N2HT resulted in a 14.51%increase in the photosynthetic rate,a 18.58%increase in nitrogen absorption efficiency,and a 18.32%increase in maize yield compared with N1HT.It can be posited that the SN represents a viable nitrogen management measure with the potential to enhance maize tolerance to soil high-temperature stress.展开更多
Background:Weight-related self-stigma(WRSS)is prevalent among individuals with different types of weight status and is associated with a range of negative health outcomes.Social support and coping models explain how i...Background:Weight-related self-stigma(WRSS)is prevalent among individuals with different types of weight status and is associated with a range of negative health outcomes.Social support and coping models explain how individuals may use different coping methods to deal with their mental health needs.Psychological distress(e.g.,depression and stress)could lead to overuse of social media and smartphones.When using social media or smartphones,individuals are likely to be exposed to negative comments regarding weight/shape/size posted on the social media.Consequently,individuals who experience problematic social media use(PSMU)or problematic smartphone use(PSPU)may develop WRSS.Therefore,the present study examined the roles of PSMU and PSPU as mediators in the relationship between psychological distress and WRSS.Methods:Using convenience sampling via an online survey,622 participants with a mean age of 23.70 years(SD=4.33)completed questions assessing sociodemographic variables,psychological distress,PSMU,PSPU,WRSS,and self-reported weight and height.Results:The hierarchical regression models showed that sex(β=0.08,p=0.01),BMI(β=0.39,p<0.001),depression(β=0.21,p=0.001),stress(β=0.18,p=0.01),PSMU(β=0.09,p=0.045),and PSPU(β=0.14,p=0.001)were significant factors for WRSS.Conclusion:The mediation models showed that both PSMU and PSPU were significant mediators in the relationships between depression and stress with WRSS.The present findings provide some evidence for understanding WRSS and has important implications for developing interventions to reduce its negative impact on individuals’health and well-being.展开更多
文摘《牛津现代英汉双解词典》(增补版)将词条"outlast"[1](P1440)的一个义项及其例证last longer than du-ration和outlasted its usefulness分别译作"比…经久"与"经久耐用"。实际上这是两则明显的误解与误译。与此相反,它们实应理解为"(某事物因存在或使用时间超过特定期限而)不再经久"(no longer last or exist)和"不再有用"(be no longer useful)。文章从语言的连续统(continuum)视角对相关理据作了客观分析与可能探索,兼及双语词典翻译的相关原则问题。
文摘BACKGROUND Cognitive decline is common among older patients with cardiovascular disease(CVD) and can decrease their self-management abilities. However, the instruments for identifying mild cognitive impairment(MCI) are not always feasible in clinical practice. Therefore, this study evaluated whether MCI could be detected using the Japanese version of the Rapid Dementia Screening Test(RDST-J), which is a simple screening tool for identifying cognitive decline.METHODS This retrospective single-center study included patients who were ≥ 65 years old and hospitalized because of CVD.Patients with a pre-hospitalization diagnosis of dementia were excluded. Each patient's cognitive function had been measured at discharge using the RDST-J and the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(Mo CA-J), which is a standard tool for MCI screening. The correlation between the two scores was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis was also to evaluate whether the RDST-J could identify MCI, which was defined as a Mo CA-J score of ≤ 25 points.RESULTS The study included 78 patients(mean age: 77.2 ± 8.9 years). The RDST-J and Mo CA-J scores were strongly correlated(r = 0.835, P < 0.001). The ROC analysis revealed that an RDST-J score of ≤ 9 points provided 75.4% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity for identifying MCI, with an area under the curve of 0.899(95% CI: 0.835-0.964). The same cut-off value was identified when excluding patients with a high probability of dementia(RDST-J score of ≤ 4 points).CONCLUSIONS The RDST-J may be a simple and effective tool for identifying MCI in older patients with CVD.
文摘This investigation was aimed to assess the usefulness of delayed hepalobillary Imaging in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sixty-two patients with this hepatic cancer were Included in the study. 56 males and 6 females, with a mean age of 50. 6 yr. (32 - 72 years old). All patients were performed by surgery, verified histologically, and these tumors were smaller than 5 cm. Liver scans were performed 5 minutes, 2 hours and 5 hours after the administration of radlopharmaceutices. In 31 of the 62 patients (50%), the tumor exhibited equal radioactivity uptake or greater radioactivity uptake than the surrounding liver in delayed imaging. And the sensitivity was 33. 3% (2/6), 41.2% (7/17), 60.0% (9/15) and 54.2% (13/24) In the tumor size was ≤2 cm, 2-3cm, 3-4 cm and 4 - 5 cm, respectively. The smallest mass to be detected was only 1. 2 cm. The uptake of radiopharmaceutic was nonsignificantly related to serum AFP level and hepatic cirrhosis (P>0. 05). These results show that 99-Tc-PMT delayed hepatobiliary imaging can be useful in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma.
文摘Nowadays, many scholars would like to use evidence derived from elicitation and introspection in their research. Both elicitation and introspection are common methods of data collection. The essay discusses the usefulness and pitfall of elicitation and introspection. It finds out that both elicitation and introspection have their own advantages and disadvantages.
文摘Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale, “parental anxiety about pediatric emergency medical care services” (PAPEMCS), and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: Participants were 14,510 parents with children 6 years old or younger in Kagawa Prefecture. Using each half of the participants, exploratory factor analysis was performed to generate items and factors for the PAPEMCS, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to establish the construct validity. The generalizability of the PAPEMCS was evaluated by congruence tests and multigroup CFA. The usefulness of the PAPEMCS was established by the relationship between the PAPEMCS and non-urgent usage of pediatric emergency medical care services (PEMCS). Results: The PAPEMCS compromised 4 factors: “anxiety about quality of PEMCS”, “anxiety about PEMCS system”, “anxiety about public support”, and “anxiety about private support”. All reliability estimates (polychoric ordinal alpha coefficients, item-rest correlations), the item discrimination, 5 fit indices for CFA, the convergent validity (indicator reliabilities, composite reliabilities, average variance extracteds), and the discriminant validity fulfilled the acceptability thresholds. All generalizability estimates fulfilled the predetermined levels of acceptability (Tucker’s congruence coefficients, congruence tests, strict factorial invariance). The usefulness of the PAPEMCS was established by the higher scores of the PAPEMCS being related to non-urgent usage of PEMCS. Conclusions: The PAPEMCS demonstrated satisfactory reliability, validity, generalizability and usefulness. The PAPEMCS is useful to quantify the contents and extent of parental anxiety about PEMCS, and to clarify the mechanisms of non-urgent PEMCS usage.
基金Supported by"Reputation Sharing Mechanism and Recourse Liability Policy of E-commerce Platform:An Interactive Perspective of Platform Enterprise and Its Sellers"Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.71672026)"Influencing Mechanism of User-generated Content on Brand Equity of Multichannel Retailers under the Regulatory Focus Paradigm"of the NSFC(Grant No.71272050)
文摘In making purchasing decisions, consumers look to online reviews posted by others who have used or experienced the product/service. Most existing studies on online reviews only focused on their content without addressing how their explanation type influences purchasing decisions, not to mention the boundary conditions for such effects. Based on three experimental studies, this paper examines how explanation type affects the perceived usefulness of online reviews and purchasing decisions, and discusses the boundary conditions for such effects. Our findings show that positive explanation type has a positive effect on the perceived usefulness of online reviews, while negative explanation has an insignificant impact. For search products, there is a positive correlation between the online reviews of explained actions and the perceived usefulness of consumer reviews. For experience products, there is a positive correlation between the online reviews of explained reactions and the perceived usefulness of consumer reviews. Further research found that temporal distance may moderate the effects of explanation type and product type on the perceived usefulness of online reviews. This study also provides a new approach for research on the word-of-mouth(WOM) with meaningful implications for e-commerce firms.
文摘This study investigates the perceived usefulness of selected accounting information presented in the financial statements of small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Mailed questionnaires were sent to SMEs＇ owner and loan officers in Malaysia. The findings show that the SMEs＇ owners and loan officers have substantially similar views on the usefulness of the accounting information. In addition, this study has found that the academic qualification and time spent in reading the financial statement have significant relationships with the SMEs＇ owners＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information, whereas types of business organization, awareness about financial reporting regulation, and level of understanding of the financial statements do not. On the other hand, for the loan officers, accouting expertise, year in position, and awareness about the financial reporting regulation do not have a significant relationship with the loan officers＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information. Meanwhile, experience in assessing SMEs＇ financial statements has a significantly negative relationship with the loan officers＇ perceptions on the usefulness of the SMEs＇ accounting information. The results of this study may enable the SMEs＇ managers to realize the informational needs of the users of their financial statements.
文摘There are many arguments about Hume in the history of philosophy,especially after Kant criticized Hume,Kant believed that there is no concept of“universality”in Hume’s ethics.By analyzing Hume’s text,this article points out that Hume also pursues“universality”,and his“universality”is a universality in the sense of usefulness.Not only does his ethics have the concept of universality,but Hume also pursues universality in the field of nature science.This is helpful for the academic community to re-recognize Hume and further promote the study of Hume.
基金Supported by funds from the Swedish Research Council (grant 2002-5489) and the Swedish Society of Medicine (Ihre’s fond)
文摘AIM: To investigate if there is a correlation between electrical activity measured by electrogastrography (EGG) and contractile activity of the stomach as measured by antroduodenal manometry (ADM). We also studied whether the underlying motility disorder could be predicted from EGG parameters. METHODS: We compared 21 parameters measured from EGG with 8 parameters measured from ADM. The ability of EGG to identify the underlying diagnosis was tested by comparing EGG parameters for each diagnosis group against other patients. The study comprised recordings from 148 patients and 125 females. Their median age was 45 (range 17-76) years. RESULTS: We found few and weak correlations between EGG and ADM. Specifically the correlation between parameters reflecting the response to meal was poor (r = -0.07, P = 0.39). The discriminatory power of EGG for underlying motility disorder was also low. Patients with slow transit constipation (STC) showed a lower postprandial power in normogastric (3.7 ± 0.5 vs 4.0 ± 0.5) and tachygastric (3.5 ± 0.4 vs 3.7 ± 0.4) regions, a lower percentage of time with normogastria [87.2 (56.5-100)% vs 95.7 (0-100)%], and a higher percentage of time with tachygastria [9.3 (0-33)% vs 3.5 (0-100)%] and bradygastria [1.8 (0-20)% vs 0 (0-17.1)%]. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome had a higher percentage of time with normogastria [96.5 (62.5-100)% vs 93.3 (0-100)%] and a less unstable dominant frequency as measured by the instability coefficient [15 (3-77) vs 24 (2-72)]. CONCLUSION: EGG and ADM seem to measure different aspects of gastric motor activity but cannot show a spatial correlation. The diagnostic value of EGG is poor, but EGG may have some value for the identification of patients with STC.
文摘As part of my master’s programme in resource use and environmental science at China Agricultural University,I had the privilege of joining a study trip to the Shiyang River Basin and its surrounding areas from 17 to 21 July 2025.This trip to Gansu Province was organised under the China-Africa Joint Centre for Agricultural Demonstration and Training in Arid Regions programme,an initiative aligned with President Xi Jinping’s call for deeper China-Africa cooperation.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Council,Taiwan,No.MOST 111-2629-H-227-001-MY2.
文摘BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a major public health concern linked to psychiatric and physical morbidity.However,evidence from East Asia,particularly from registry-based and sex-inclusive analyses,remains limited.We hypothesized that IPV survivors would have elevated risks of psychiatric disorders and stressrelated physical conditions.AIM To assess psychiatric and physical health risks following IPV exposure in Taiwan.METHODS We conducted a nationwide,registry-based case control study using data from Taiwan’s Health and Welfare Data Science Center.Adults aged 18-64 years with a first IPV report in 2019(n=43393)were matched 1:1 by sex and age to controls.Incident diagnoses within 1 year were identified from claims data.Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios(AORs).RESULTS Compared to controls,IPV survivors had higher risks of depressive disorders[AOR=4.18,95%confidence interval(CI):3.78-4.60,P<0.001],bipolar disorder(AOR=4.81,95%CI:3.83-6.10,P<0.001),schizophrenia(AOR=1.75,95%CI:1.46-2.10,P<0.001),and alcohol/substance use disorders(AOR=5.98,95%CI:2.21-8.50,P<0.001).The risk of asthma was modestly elevated(AOR=1.31,95%CI:1.08-1.60,P=0.006).No significant association was observed for irritable bowel syndrome(P=0.94).CONCLUSION IPV survivors in Taiwan face substantially increased psychiatric risk and a modestly elevated risk of asthma,warranting early screening and integrated mental and physical health care.
基金funded by the Pyramid Talent Training Project of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture under Grant GJZJ20220802。
文摘Accurately estimating the State of Health(SOH)and Remaining Useful Life(RUL)of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is crucial for the continuous and stable operation of battery management systems.However,due to the complex internal chemical systems of LIBs and the nonlinear degradation of their performance,direct measurement of SOH and RUL is challenging.To address these issues,the Twin Support Vector Machine(TWSVM)method is proposed to predict SOH and RUL.Initially,the constant current charging time of the lithium battery is extracted as a health indicator(HI),decomposed using Variational Modal Decomposition(VMD),and feature correlations are computed using Importance of Random Forest Features(RF)to maximize the extraction of critical factors influencing battery performance degradation.Furthermore,to enhance the global search capability of the Convolution Optimization Algorithm(COA),improvements are made using Good Point Set theory and the Differential Evolution method.The Improved Convolution Optimization Algorithm(ICOA)is employed to optimize TWSVM parameters for constructing SOH and RUL prediction models.Finally,the proposed models are validated using NASA and CALCE lithium-ion battery datasets.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed models achieve an RMSE not exceeding 0.007 and an MAPE not exceeding 0.0082 for SOH and RUL prediction,with a relative error in RUL prediction within the range of[-1.8%,2%].Compared to other models,the proposed model not only exhibits superior fitting capability but also demonstrates robust performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2340209,and 42271126)the NIGLAS Foundation(No.NIGLAS2022GS03)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220041)the US National Science Foundation Projects(Nos.1831096,1803697,and 2108917).
文摘The increased frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events due to climate change could potentially influence the movement of nutrients from land-based regions into recipient rivers.However,little information is available on how the rainfall affect nutrient dynamics in subtropicalmontane rivers with complex land use.This study conducted high-frequency monitoring to study the effects of rainfall on nutrients dynamics in an agricultural river draining to Lake Qiandaohu,a montane reservoir of southeast China.The results showed that riverine total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)concentrations increased continuously with increasing rainfall intensity,while TN:TP decreased.The heavy rainfall and rainstorm drove more than 30%of the annual N and P loading in only 5.20%of the total rainfall period,indicating that increased storm runoff is likely to exacerbate eutrophication in montane reservoirs.NO_(3)^(−)-N is the primary nitrogen form lost,while particulate phosphorus(PP)dominated phosphorus loss.Themain source of N is cropland,and themain source of P is residential area.Spatially,forestedwatersheds have better drainage quality,while it is still a potential source of nonpoint pollution during rainfall events.TN and TP concentrations were significantly higher at sites dominated by cropland and residential area,indicating their substantial contributions to deteriorating river water quality.Temporally,TN and TP concentrations reached high values in May-August when rainfall was most intense,while they were lower in autumn and winter than that in spring and summer under the same rainfall intensities.The results emphasize the influence of rainfall-runoff and land use on dynamics of riverine N and P loads,providing guidance for nutrient load reduction planning for Lake Qiandaohu.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun dation of China(52374170 and 51974313)the National Key Research and Development Plan Project(2022YFF1303300).
文摘1.Introduction Changes in land use are key factors promoting global climate change,and the side effects of mining activity that destroy the soil,vegetation,and biodiversity lead to imbalanced carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52207229)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China(No.2024BEE02003)+1 种基金the financial support from the AEGiS Research Grant 2024,University of Wollongong(No.R6254)the financial support from the China Scholarship Council(No.202207550010).
文摘Accurate prediction of the remaining useful life(RUL)is crucial for the design and management of lithium-ion batteries.Although various machine learning models offer promising predictions,one critical but often overlooked challenge is their demand for considerable run-to-failure data for training.Collection of such training data leads to prohibitive testing efforts as the run-to-failure tests can last for years.Here,we propose a semi-supervised representation learning method to enhance prediction accuracy by learning from data without RUL labels.Our approach builds on a sophisticated deep neural network that comprises an encoder and three decoder heads to extract time-dependent representation features from short-term battery operating data regardless of the existence of RUL labels.The approach is validated using three datasets collected from 34 batteries operating under various conditions,encompassing over 19,900 charge and discharge cycles.Our method achieves a root mean squared error(RMSE)within 25 cycles,even when only 1/50 of the training dataset is labelled,representing a reduction of 48%compared to the conventional approach.We also demonstrate the method's robustness with varying numbers of labelled data and different weights assigned to the three decoder heads.The projection of extracted features in low space reveals that our method effectively learns degradation features from unlabelled data.Our approach highlights the promise of utilising semi-supervised learning to reduce the data demand for reliability monitoring of energy devices.
基金National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of CAF,No.CAFYBB2018ZA004,No.CAFYBB2023ZA009Fengyun Application Pioneering Project,No.FY-APP-ZX-2023.02。
文摘Water use efficiency(WUE),as a pivotal indicator of the coupling degree within the carbon–water cycle of ecosystems,holds considerable importance in assessment of the carbon–water balance within terrestrial ecosystems.However,in the context of global warming,WUE evolution and its primary drivers on the Tibetan Plateau remain unclear.This study employed the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method and the random forest algorithm to decipher the nonlinear trends and drivers of WUE on the Tibetan Plateau in 2001–2020.Results indicated an annual mean WUE of 0.8088 gC/mm·m^(2)across the plateau,with a spatial gradient reflecting decrease from the southeast toward the northwest.Areas manifesting monotonous trends of increase or decrease in WUE accounted for 23.64%and 9.69%of the total,respectively.Remarkably,66.67%of the region exhibited trend reversals,i.e.,39.94%of the area of the Tibetan Plateau showed transition from a trend of increase to a trend of decrease,and 26.73%of the area demonstrated a shift from a trend of decrease to a trend of increase.Environmental factors accounted for 70.79%of the variability in WUE.The leaf area index and temperature served as the major driving forces of WUE variation.
文摘In recent years,advancements in autonomous vehicle technology have accelerated,promising safer and more efficient transportation systems.However,achieving fully autonomous driving in challenging weather conditions,particularly in snowy environments,remains a challenge.Snow-covered roads introduce unpredictable surface conditions,occlusions,and reduced visibility,that require robust and adaptive path detection algorithms.This paper presents an enhanced road detection framework for snowy environments,leveraging Simple Framework forContrastive Learning of Visual Representations(SimCLR)for Self-Supervised pretraining,hyperparameter optimization,and uncertainty-aware object detection to improve the performance of YouOnly Look Once version 8(YOLOv8).Themodel is trained and evaluated on a custom-built dataset collected from snowy roads in Tromsø,Norway,which covers a range of snow textures,illumination conditions,and road geometries.The proposed framework achieves scores in terms of mAP@50 equal to 99%and mAP@50–95 equal to 97%,demonstrating the effectiveness of YOLOv8 for real-time road detection in extreme winter conditions.The findings contribute to the safe and reliable deployment of autonomous vehicles in Arctic environments,enabling robust decision-making in hazardous weather conditions.This research lays the groundwork for more resilient perceptionmodels in self-driving systems,paving the way for the future development of intelligent and adaptive transportation networks.
基金supported by the Natural Science Fund of China(31771724)the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(2024NC-ZDCYL-01-10).
文摘The increase in soil temperature associated with climate change has introduced considerable challenges to crop production.Split nitrogen application(SN)represents a potential strategy for improving crop nitrogen use efficiency and enhancing crop stress resistance.Nevertheless,the precise interaction between soil warming(SW)and SN remains unclear.In order to ascertain the impact of SW on maize growth and whether SN can improve the tolerance of maize to SW,a two-year field experiment was conducted(2022-2023).The aim was to examine the influence of two SW ranges(MT,warming 1.40℃;HT,warming 2.75℃)and two nitrogen application methods(N1,one-time basal application of nitrogen fertilizer;N2,one third of base nitrogen fertilizer+two thirds of jointing stage supplemental nitrogen fertilizer)on maize root growth,photosynthetic characteristics,nitrogen use efficiency,and yield.The results demonstrated that SW impeded root growth and precipitated the premature aging of maize leaves following anthesis,particularly in the HT,which led to a notable reduction in maize yield.In comparison to N1,SN has been shown to increase root length density by 8.54%,root bleeding rate by 8.57%,and enhance root distribution ratio in the middle soil layers(20-60 cm).The interaction between SW and SN had a notable impact on maize growth and yield.The SN improved the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen by promoting root development and downward canopy growth,thus improving the tolerance of maize to SW at the later stage of growth.In particular,the N2HT resulted in a 14.51%increase in the photosynthetic rate,a 18.58%increase in nitrogen absorption efficiency,and a 18.32%increase in maize yield compared with N1HT.It can be posited that the SN represents a viable nitrogen management measure with the potential to enhance maize tolerance to soil high-temperature stress.
基金supported in part by(received funding from)the Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan(MOST 110-2410-H-006-115,MOST 111-2410-H-006-100)the National Science and Technology Council,Taiwan(NSTC 112-2410-H-006-089-SS2)+1 种基金the Higher Education Sprout Project,the Ministry of Education at the Headquarters of University Advancement at the National Cheng Kung University(NCKU)the 2021 Southeast and South Asia and Taiwan Universities Joint Research Scheme(NCKU 31).
文摘Background:Weight-related self-stigma(WRSS)is prevalent among individuals with different types of weight status and is associated with a range of negative health outcomes.Social support and coping models explain how individuals may use different coping methods to deal with their mental health needs.Psychological distress(e.g.,depression and stress)could lead to overuse of social media and smartphones.When using social media or smartphones,individuals are likely to be exposed to negative comments regarding weight/shape/size posted on the social media.Consequently,individuals who experience problematic social media use(PSMU)or problematic smartphone use(PSPU)may develop WRSS.Therefore,the present study examined the roles of PSMU and PSPU as mediators in the relationship between psychological distress and WRSS.Methods:Using convenience sampling via an online survey,622 participants with a mean age of 23.70 years(SD=4.33)completed questions assessing sociodemographic variables,psychological distress,PSMU,PSPU,WRSS,and self-reported weight and height.Results:The hierarchical regression models showed that sex(β=0.08,p=0.01),BMI(β=0.39,p<0.001),depression(β=0.21,p=0.001),stress(β=0.18,p=0.01),PSMU(β=0.09,p=0.045),and PSPU(β=0.14,p=0.001)were significant factors for WRSS.Conclusion:The mediation models showed that both PSMU and PSPU were significant mediators in the relationships between depression and stress with WRSS.The present findings provide some evidence for understanding WRSS and has important implications for developing interventions to reduce its negative impact on individuals’health and well-being.
