Enhancing urban ecological resilience(UER)is a new concept for modern tourism-oriented cities to cope with environmental crises.Revealing the impact of the urbanization on UER is critical to the sustainability of urba...Enhancing urban ecological resilience(UER)is a new concept for modern tourism-oriented cities to cope with environmental crises.Revealing the impact of the urbanization on UER is critical to the sustainability of urban ecosystems.Taking Zhangjiajie,a typical tourism-oriented city,as an example,urbanization level(UL)and UER evaluation system were constructed,and the change trend was analyzed.The Granger Causality Test model was used to discuss the relationship between UL and UER.The results showed that:(1)the urbanization rate of Zhangjiajie significantly increased by 0.531 from 2011 to 2020.Cili county has the highest UL,and Wulingyuan district including a large number of scenic spots has the fastest development trend.(2)The ecological restoration was more sensitive in the face of rising pressure,and showed a synchronized change trend with pressure.The high pressure in 2016 had the most significant impact on resistance.This effect continued into 2019,with an average decline in resistance of 0.802.(3)The UL has significantly promoted the improvement of urban ecological restoration.Specially,tourism urbanization was the most significant in scenic spots,while economic and social urbanization played a major role in other regions for the improvement of ecological restoration.展开更多
The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to inv...The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to investigate the impacts of urbanization on ESV in China.However,a comprehensive and dynamic framework to reveal the relationship between ESV and urbanization processes is lacking.This study adopted multi-source datasets to portray China’s urbanization process by integrating population,land,and economic urbanization,eval-uated the ESV changes of 10 categories by gross ecosystem product(GEP)methods,and explored ESV changes within different urbanization scales and speeds.The results showed rapid urbanization in the population,land,and economic dimensions in China,with a faster process of economic urbanization.The ESV also exhibited an increasing trend,with higher levels in the southeastern coastal regions and lower levels in the northwestern regions.Urbanization had positive impacts on ESV across various research units,but the ESV exhibited heteroge-neous changes across different urbanization scales,speeds,and their interactive effects.The response of ESV to dynamic urbanization processes was influenced by socio-economic,ecological,and policy factors;it is essential to combine targeted measures with general ecological product value realization methods in each unit to maximize social-economic-ecological benefits.展开更多
Dryland regions face complex interactions between urbanization and ecological changes,where effective coordination is essential for enhancing sustainability and resilience.However,most studies concentrate on the natio...Dryland regions face complex interactions between urbanization and ecological changes,where effective coordination is essential for enhancing sustainability and resilience.However,most studies concentrate on the national or provincial scales,with insufficient research on county-level coordination,limiting the ability to provide targeted polifrom a precise perspective.This study addresses this gap by analyzing 39 counties within the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin Urban Agglomeration(HBOYUA),a typical dryland urban cluster in China.We use daytime and nighttime remote sensing images to track the spatio-temporal evolution of urbanization and ecological conditions from 1992 to 2023.A novel quantitative framework based on an improved coupling coordination degree(CCD)is proposed to assess their coordination relationship.The results reveal that:(1)Urbanization and ecological quality both exhibited fluctuating upward trends,with spatial heterogeneity increasing for urbanization and decreasing for the eco-environment.Regions with better ecological conditions had higher urbanization levels.(2)The overall coordinated level improved from imbalance(0.36)to low-level coordination(0.55),although its spatial distribution remained uneven,with central urban areas showing higher CCD than surrounding counties.(3)Socioeconomic factors exerted greater effects on CCD than natural factors,with GDP and land surface temperature(LST)playing a significant role in interaction analysis.(4)In western arid regions,urbanization did not necessarily harm ecosystems;instead,ecological conditions improved alongside urbanization.This research offers targeted and valuable references for county and city governments in resource allocation and sustainable development.The proposed methodology is also adaptable for urban resilience studies in other regions.展开更多
A comprehensive understanding of urbanization impacts on landscape dynamics,eco-environmental consequences,and advancements in human habitation is paramount for effectively advancing urbanization-related sustainable d...A comprehensive understanding of urbanization impacts on landscape dynamics,eco-environmental consequences,and advancements in human habitation is paramount for effectively advancing urbanization-related sustainable development goals.This study predicted the urbanization process within the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Ulanqab(HBOU)region and its projected implications for ecology,human settlement,and energy consumption in 2020–2050 using multi-source data and models under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs).The results revealed that the HBOU region's urban area grew by 624.66 km~2 between 1990 and 2020.By 2050,it is expected to reach 1793.49±169.30 km~2,mainly expanding into cropland(58.95%)and natural ecological land(31.79%).Urban greening is projected to enhance,with the highest urban green space(UGS)predicted under SSP1(32.42%).Under this scenario,the per capita urban area(PCUA)and per capita urban green space area(PCUGA)are projected to reach 172.66 and 55.63 m~2/person in 2050,respectively.Furthermore,the ecological and energy utilization impacts are anticipated to decrease by 3.99%to 37.52%relative to alternative scenarios.Our projections suggest that limiting urbanization area in the HBOU region to 1500–1600 km~2 would significantly enhance the settlement environment and mitigate ecological and energy consumption effects.These results guide urban strategies balancing ecology,energy use,and habitation in arid regions.展开更多
Land use change ranks as the second most significant human-made factor affecting climate,following greenhouse gas emissions.Patna is rapidly expanding cities in Bihar state.Urbanization caused substantial alterations ...Land use change ranks as the second most significant human-made factor affecting climate,following greenhouse gas emissions.Patna is rapidly expanding cities in Bihar state.Urbanization caused substantial alterations in land use patterns in Patna,driven by its rapid urban growth and increasing population.Urbanization and population growth caused a rapid increase in built structures to cater the demand,which caused reduction in vegetation,water body,and wasteland cover,due to which land cover changed.Land cover change detection plays a vital role in identifying its impact on diurnal temperature range(DTR).To study the impact,land use/land cover change map for the city is produced from Landsat images for the study area Patna during 1995 to 2023.The supervised classification method is used to identify substantial changes in vegetation cover during 1995 and 2023 as a result of changes in land use and land cover.Landsat image supervised classification shows a growth of 47.80 percent in built-up areas in the last 28 years in the city of Patna.The classified image also shows a consistent decline of 31.74 percent in vegetation cover over the period of 28 years.Urbanization-driven changes in land use and land cover have led to a significant decrease of 20.24 percent in the near-surface DTR,average decrease of 12.54 percent in maximum temperature and an increase of 75.68 percent in minimum temperature of the city.The study offers scientific insights into how urbanization and human activities are impacting the eco-environment of the city.展开更多
Urbanization is one of the most extreme forms of land-use alteration that is advancing across the world with unprecedented speed.As the largest developing country,China has developed a unique path through its high spe...Urbanization is one of the most extreme forms of land-use alteration that is advancing across the world with unprecedented speed.As the largest developing country,China has developed a unique path through its high speed and large scale of urbanization,offering valuable research opportunities for avian ecology.However,a comprehensive review on how birds respond to urbanization in China is still lacking.Here,we systematically reviewed 274 studies published from 1962 to 2024 to determine the research trends,current insights,and future directions of avian response to urbanization in China.We synthesized research trends across four core avian response dimensions to urbanization—diversity,behavior,physiology,and life-history—and their applications in conservation strategy design.The number of publications in avian response to urbanization in China increased annually,and it is influenced by China's developing policies of urbanization.The results also showed an unbalanced geographical pattern of the publications,as the research preferences are relatively prevalent in the developed areas of eastern China.In contrast,there are insufficient studies in the emerging urbanizing areas in the western and northeastern China.Regarding the research contents,most existing studies are focusing on the patterns of bird diversity,while there are few studies on the underlying mechanisms,such as physiological adjustments and life-history strategies.In addition,passerines are the most frequent ones among the studied species.Integrating multidimensional urbanization indices and citizen science data are gradually becoming a new trend in recent years.Our study emphasizes that future studies should pay more attention to the response mechanism of birds in urbanizing processes,multidimensional and interdisciplinary studies,and the transformation of the research results into conservation practices.展开更多
Urbanization’s impact on pre-monsoon extreme rainfall in the Greater Bay Area(GBA),coastal South China(SC),and its relation to different synoptic systems remains understudied.This research investigates urbanization e...Urbanization’s impact on pre-monsoon extreme rainfall in the Greater Bay Area(GBA),coastal South China(SC),and its relation to different synoptic systems remains understudied.This research investigates urbanization effects on premonsoon rainfall using hourly station observations and Weather Research and Forecasting model with the Single Layer Urban Canopy Model(WRF-SLUCM)simulations.Observations show stronger pre-monsoon extreme rainfall in GBA cities than surrounding rural areas,with the urban heat island(UHI)intensifying the urban rainfall intensity and probability.Extreme cases were classified into frontal and shear-line warm-sector types.Enhanced urban rainfall due to UHI was more pronounced under shear-line and warm-sector systems.Four frontal and four shear-line cases were dynamically downscaled using WRF-SLUCM,and four parallel experiments were conducted:“Nourban”(urban areas replaced by cropland),“AH0”,“AH100”,and“AH300”[normal land use,with the diurnal maximum anthropogenic heat(AH)set to 0,100,and 300 W m^(−2)in SLUCM,respectively].In frontal cases,significantly reduced urban rainfall in AH0 is due to decreased(enhanced)surface evaporation(wind divergence)in cities compared to cropland.Strong northerly winds and cold-air intrusion suppress the UHI in AH0 and AH100 during the rainfall process;enhanced urban rainfall occurs only in AH300.In contrast,for shear-line cases,urban friction and UHI promote local convection and wind convergence,increasing urban rainfall significantly in all urban experiments compared to Nourban.Overall,urbanization’s influence on SC’s premonsoon extreme rainfall is highly sensitive to the type of synoptic systems,necessitating further investigation of urban rainfall in this season.展开更多
South Florida’s natural forest ecosystems,including pine rocklands and hardwood hammocks,are threatened by land use change and urbanization,invasive species,and climate change.It is critical to understand the respons...South Florida’s natural forest ecosystems,including pine rocklands and hardwood hammocks,are threatened by land use change and urbanization,invasive species,and climate change.It is critical to understand the responses of these ecosystems to anthropogenic disturbances to conserve the remnants of the USA natural subtropical forests.Using dendrochronology,long-term growth patterns were characterized in three dominant native tree species:Bursera simaruba,Swietenia mahagoni,and Pinus elliottii.Core samples were collected from>30 individuals of each species in hardwood hammocks(B.simaruba and S.mahagoni)and pine rocklands(P.elliottii)to examine growth patterns.Relationships between annual tree growth rates and climatic variables were assessed to address three questions:(1)What are the climatic drivers of growth in these three South Florida tree species?(2)Are their growth rates stable or changing through time?and(3)Are tree growth rates affected by urbanization?Standardized growth rates of the three species have changed through time,with small young trees showing accelerated growth through time,whereas larger,older trees showed declining growth rates.S.mahagoni and B.simaruba grew faster in urbanized parks than in more natural parks,whereas P.elliottii grew slower in urban parks.There were positive correlations between tree growth and the current year’s fall precipitation and no discernable effects of the current year’s monthly temperatures on growth rates of any of the species.These results suggest that the foundational tree species of the southern USA endangered pine rocklands and hardwood hammocks may be vulnerable to ongoing changes in precipitation and temperature as well as other environmental effects associated with urbanization.展开更多
This study examines the spatial and temporal patterns of wetland degradation in Delhi from 1991 to 2021 using remote sensing and GIS techniques.The Automated Water Extraction Index(AWEI)was applied to pre-monsoon Land...This study examines the spatial and temporal patterns of wetland degradation in Delhi from 1991 to 2021 using remote sensing and GIS techniques.The Automated Water Extraction Index(AWEI)was applied to pre-monsoon Landsat imagery to delineate surface water bodies over the past 30 years accurately.Supervised classification was employed to generate land use maps,while census data was utilized to analyze urbanization trends across the region.Classification accuracy was assessed using Google Earth reference data through a confusion matrix,ensuring the reliability of the land cover analysis.Results reveal a significant decline in wetland extent,especially in densely populated and rapidly urbanizing districts such as North West,South,and East Delhi.During this time,the urban population increased from 52.7% to 97.4%,accompanied by a 70.2% expansion of built-up areas,while wetlands contracted from 32.9 km^(2) to 30.2 km^(2).South Delhi experienced the most severe wetland loss,with water body coverage dropping from 0.800% to 0.025%,whereas North East and Central Delhi maintained higher wetland coverage due to the influence of the Yamuna River and targeted conservation efforts.The study highlights the strong linkage between urban growth and wetland decline,which threatens biodiversity,groundwater recharge,and ecological stability.These findings emphasize the urgent need for integrated urban planning and conservation policies to safeguard wetlands,thereby promoting sustainability and water security in the National Capital Region.展开更多
Understanding the complex interactions between urbanization and ecosystem services(ESs)is crucial for optimiz ing planning policies and achieving sustainable urban management.While previous research has largely focuse...Understanding the complex interactions between urbanization and ecosystem services(ESs)is crucial for optimiz ing planning policies and achieving sustainable urban management.While previous research has largely focused on highly urbanized areas,little attention has been given to the phased effect of progressive urbanization on ES networks.This study proposes a conceptual framework that utilizes the network method and space-time replace ment to examine the effect of urbanization on the complex relationships among ESs at different stages,with a particular emphasis on the progressive evolution of the process.We apply this framework to the Horqin area,a typical eco-fragile area in China.Results demonstrate that the connectivity of the ES synergy network exhibits a non-stationary characteristic,initially increasing,then decreasing,and subsequently strengthening.Meanwhile,its modularity shows a rising trend during periods of accelerated urbanization.The performance of the trade off network displays the opposite pattern.Additionally,we observe a gradual replacement of provisioning and regulation services by cultural services in terms of dominance in the synergy network as urbanization advances.By providing guidance for identifying key planning initiatives and implementing ecological protection policies at different stages of development,this study contributes a pathway that can inform development strategies in other regions undergoing progressive urbanization.展开更多
Wetlands are unique ecological environments capable of harboring high biodiversity.However,urbanization can degrade,eliminate,or transformthese habitats.Although amphibians utilize habitats created by humans in urban ...Wetlands are unique ecological environments capable of harboring high biodiversity.However,urbanization can degrade,eliminate,or transformthese habitats.Although amphibians utilize habitats created by humans in urban landscapes,few studies have investigated the infuence of thehabitat quality on the life history of anurans.We assessed life history traits such as snout-vent length(SVL),body condition,and reproductiveinvestment in the South American common toad Rhinella arenarum,to determine whether urbanization is harmful or benefcial to this species.We sampled wetlands with different levels of urbanization in Río Cuarto city,Córdoba,Argentina.We recorded males with lower SVL in mediumurbanized wetlands and those with the highest SVL in both low and high urbanization categories,similar to what was found for body conditionswith males with low body conditions inhabiting wetlands with a medium degree of urbanization.In females,lower SVL was recorded in mediumurbanization and highest SVL in high and low urbanization.It is observed that females recorded in highly urbanized wetlands have a very lowbody condition.The reproductive investment parameters were not signifcantly different,but we observed an association between a greaternumber of eggs and clutch size with wetlands of low urbanization.These results show a variability of responses of R.arenarum to urbanization,which could be due to phenotypic plasticity in its life history parameters,allowing it to inhabit urban areas.Continuous monitoring of the speciesin these wetlands is needed to determine if these biological responses are temporary or persistent.展开更多
In this paper,the Taixin Integrated Economic Zone in Shanxi Province is taken as the research object,and the coupling coordination degree model and bivariate spatial autocorrelation model are used to judge the couplin...In this paper,the Taixin Integrated Economic Zone in Shanxi Province is taken as the research object,and the coupling coordination degree model and bivariate spatial autocorrelation model are used to judge the coupling coordination and spatial-temporal correlation between urbanization and ecosystem service,and the hotspot analysis is used to judge the spatial-temporal trend of urbanization and ecosystem service.The results show that:(1)The urbanization level from 2000 to 2020 continued to rise,the areas with relatively high urbanization were concentrated in the central part of the study area,and the relatively high terrain areas on both sides of the study area,the urbanization was relatively slow,and the hotspot areas with highly significant and significant urbanization level from 2000 to 2020 were distributed as bands in the central part of the study area and the area was rising,and there was no Cold spot area distribution;between 2000 and 2020,the ecosystem service value in the study area increased by 2.6800×10^(8) yuan.Over these two decades,it exhibited a development trend that first rose and then declined.The woodland and grassland agglomeration areas were located on the two sides of the study area,forming highly significant and significant hotspots.Conversely,the central and northeastern parts of the study area were characterized by concentrated man-made land surfaces and croplands,resulting in the formation of highly significant and significant cold spots.(2)In the central part of the study area where man-made land surface and cultivated land are concentrated,the coupling coordination between urbanization and ecosystem service is in the intermediate dislocation and mild dislocation interval;the woodland and grassland concentration areas on both sides of the study area are ecologically fragile,and the coupling coordination between the two is in the level of less than intermediate dislocation.(3)From 2000 to 2020,urbanization and the value of ecosystem services were both negatively correlated,although the correlation coefficient was low.In the central and northeastern parts,urbanization and ecosystem service exhibited patterns of high-low,high-high,and low-low clustering.Conversely,on both sides of the study area,most of the clusters showed a low-high pattern.展开更多
This paper leverages the Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Reform of the Household Registration System as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of rural migrant urbanization on local go...This paper leverages the Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Reform of the Household Registration System as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of rural migrant urbanization on local government expenditures in science and technology(S&T)and education.Employing a generalized difference-in-differences(generalized-DID)approach and panel data from 271 Chinese prefecture-level and above-level cities spanning 2003–2019,we find that household registration reform driven by this urbanization process significantly increased the absolute level as well as the fiscal share of S&T and education spending.Mechanism analyses indicate that rural migrant urbanization promotes these expenditures through two channels:increasing the overall local fiscal revenue and encouraging a greater proportion of the fiscal resources to be allocated to these sectors.The findings uncover the current evolving trends in fiscal resource allocation due to rural migrant urbanization and provide empirical evidence for optimizing the provision of public services and enhancing the potential of long-term economic development.展开更多
Rapid urbanization has caused significant changes along the urban-rural gradient,leading to a variety of landscapes that are mainly shaped by human activities.This dynamic interplay also influences the distribution an...Rapid urbanization has caused significant changes along the urban-rural gradient,leading to a variety of landscapes that are mainly shaped by human activities.This dynamic interplay also influences the distribution and characteristics of trees outside forests(TOF).Understanding the pattern of these trees will support informed decision-making in urban planning,in conservation strategies,and altogether in sustainable land management practices in the urban context.In this study,we employed a deep learning-based object detection model and high resolution satellite imagery to identify 1.3 million trees with bounding boxes within a 250 km^(2)research transect spanning the urban-rural gradient of Bengaluru,a megacity in Southern India.Additionally,we developed an allometric equation to estimate diameter at breast height(DBH)from the tree crown diameter(CD)derived from the detected bounding boxes.Our study focused on analyzing variations in tree density and tree size along this gradient.The findings revealed distinct patterns:the urban domain displayed larger tree crown diameters(mean:8.87 m)and DBH(mean:43.78 cm)but having relatively low tree density(32 trees per hectare).Furthermore,with increasing distance from the city center,tree density increased,while the mean tree crown diameter and mean tree basal area decreased,showing clear differences of tree density and size between the urban and rural domains in Bengaluru.This study offers an efficient methodology that helps generating instructive insights into the dynamics of TOF along the urban-rural gradient.This may inform urban planning and management strategies for enhancing green infrastructure and biodiversity conservation in rapidly urbanizing cities like Bengaluru.展开更多
Under global warming,understanding the impact of urbanization on the characteristics of different heatwaves is important for sustainable development.In this study,we investigated the changes of heatwaves characteristi...Under global warming,understanding the impact of urbanization on the characteristics of different heatwaves is important for sustainable development.In this study,we investigated the changes of heatwaves characteristics in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration(YRDUG)and analyzed the influencing mechanisms of urbanization.Results showed that:(1)the duration,frequency,and intensity of NHWs(Nighttime Heatwaves)and CHWs(Daytime-nighttime compound Heatwaves)had shown a significant increase and the CHWs showed the greatest increasing trend.Furthermore,the NHWs exhibited higher durations,frequencies,and intensities compared to DHWs(Daytime Heatwaves);(2)Since 1990,the DHWs and CHWs were greater in urban areas than in rural areas,NHWs had been more pronounced in rural areas than in urban centers;and(3)Cloud cover,solar radiation,etc.affected heatwaves.Furthermore,in the process of urbanization,the increase in impervious area and the decrease in green land exacerbated heatwaves.Considering the combined effect of DHWs and NHWs,CHWs continued to increase.展开更多
New-type urbanization(NTU)is proposed by China to solve unsustainable issues and improve green development efficiency(GDE)during the process of rapid urbanization.However,the impact mechanism of NTU on GDE is unclear....New-type urbanization(NTU)is proposed by China to solve unsustainable issues and improve green development efficiency(GDE)during the process of rapid urbanization.However,the impact mechanism of NTU on GDE is unclear.Using panel data of 282 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2019,we measured NTU and GDE to describe their spatiotemporal pattern and relationship evolution.The fixed effects panel model and mediating effect panel model were further utilized to analyze the benchmark impact,mediating mechanism and spatiotem-poral heterogeneity of NTU on GDE.The results showed that NTU improved,with the highest levels observed in the eastern region,while GDE increased with fluctuations,performing better in both the eastern and western regions.With the proportion of double-high cities increasing from 13.83%to 43.62%,the NTU-GDE relationship was upgraded.Overall,every 1%improvement in NTU increased GDE by 0.3111%,and the enterprise effect,resident effect and government effect played a positive mediating role from high to low.During the later stage of NTU,its impact on GDE strengthened significantly,and the mediating role of governments was optimized.The eastern region was the only region with three positive mediating roles of governments,enterprises and residents.These findings will promote GDE through NTU in China and serve as a valuable reference for sustainable global urbanization.展开更多
At its core,Urbanization and Production of Space provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between urbanization and the production of space,particularly within the rapidly evolving context of Chi...At its core,Urbanization and Production of Space provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between urbanization and the production of space,particularly within the rapidly evolving context of China's urban transformation.As one of the most populous and dynamically urbanizing nations,China serves as a compelling case for understanding the broader global implications of spatial restructuring.展开更多
Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying agricultural space urbanization is essential for sustainable land management.This study identified the spatiotemporal characteristics of the agricultural space urbanizat...Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying agricultural space urbanization is essential for sustainable land management.This study identified the spatiotemporal characteristics of the agricultural space urbanization from 2000 to 2020 in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)using a kilometer-grid-based approach.By employing the partial least squares structural equation modeling method,the intricate drivers of agricultural space urbanization were investigated.The results revealed that from 2000 to 2020,agricultural space urbanization in the YREB covered an area of 28,198 km^(2),accounting for 84.5%of the total increase in urban space.The partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis revealed regional variations in agricultural space urbanization dynamics.In the western YREB,where urbanization is in its initial stage,natural conditions play a weak and indirect role,whereas policy incentives and socioeconomic growth are equally significant in driving agricultural space urbanization.In the eastern YREB,where urbanization is more saturated,the agricultural space urbanization is less constrained by natural factors,showing a high synergy with socioeconomic development.Conversely,in the central Yangtze River Economic Belt,policy influences surpass socioeconomic factors,whereas unfavorable natural conditions and agricultural development act as key drivers of agricultural space urbanization.This study suggests that enhancing agricultural space urbanization quality requires strengthening region-specific policies,providing targeted support for remote areas,rebalancing policy orientation in rapidly urbanizing regions,and establishing a comprehensive evaluation system to ensure policy rationality.展开更多
Urbanization radically alters the climatic environment and landscape patterns of urban areas,but its impact on the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation remains uncertain.Given the limitations of current small-s...Urbanization radically alters the climatic environment and landscape patterns of urban areas,but its impact on the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation remains uncertain.Given the limitations of current small-scale ground-based in situ experiments,the response of vegetation carbon sequestration capacity to urbanization and the factors influencing it remain unclear at the global scale.Using multisource remote sensing data,we quanti-fied and differentiated the direct and indirect impacts of urbanization on the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation in 508 large urban areas globally from 2000 to 2020.The results revealed that the direct impacts of urbanization were generally negative.However,446 cities experienced an indirect enhancement in vegetation carbon sequestration capacity during urbanization,averaging 19.6%globally and offsetting 14.7%of the di-rect loss due to urbanization.These positive indirect effects were most pronounced in environments with limited hydrothermal conditions and increased most in densely populated temperate and cold regions.Furthermore,indi-rect impacts were closely related to urbanization intensity,human footprint,and level of urban development.Our study enhances the understanding of how the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation dynamically responds to changes in the urban environment,which is crucial for improving future urban vegetation management and building sustainable cities.展开更多
In sharp contrast to Western urbanization models, the distinctive feature of China's rapid urbanization lies in the production of space. This is not only a crucial entry point for comprehending China's urbaniz...In sharp contrast to Western urbanization models, the distinctive feature of China's rapid urbanization lies in the production of space. This is not only a crucial entry point for comprehending China's urbanization path but also provides a new orientation for global urban studies.展开更多
基金The National Key Research and Development Project,No.2022YFF1303204。
文摘Enhancing urban ecological resilience(UER)is a new concept for modern tourism-oriented cities to cope with environmental crises.Revealing the impact of the urbanization on UER is critical to the sustainability of urban ecosystems.Taking Zhangjiajie,a typical tourism-oriented city,as an example,urbanization level(UL)and UER evaluation system were constructed,and the change trend was analyzed.The Granger Causality Test model was used to discuss the relationship between UL and UER.The results showed that:(1)the urbanization rate of Zhangjiajie significantly increased by 0.531 from 2011 to 2020.Cili county has the highest UL,and Wulingyuan district including a large number of scenic spots has the fastest development trend.(2)The ecological restoration was more sensitive in the face of rising pressure,and showed a synchronized change trend with pressure.The high pressure in 2016 had the most significant impact on resistance.This effect continued into 2019,with an average decline in resistance of 0.802.(3)The UL has significantly promoted the improvement of urban ecological restoration.Specially,tourism urbanization was the most significant in scenic spots,while economic and social urbanization played a major role in other regions for the improvement of ecological restoration.
基金supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41931293)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42271275).
文摘The rapid population and land urbanization not only promoted economic development but also affected the ecosystem service value(ESV).In the context of new-type urbanization and green development,it’s essential to investigate the impacts of urbanization on ESV in China.However,a comprehensive and dynamic framework to reveal the relationship between ESV and urbanization processes is lacking.This study adopted multi-source datasets to portray China’s urbanization process by integrating population,land,and economic urbanization,eval-uated the ESV changes of 10 categories by gross ecosystem product(GEP)methods,and explored ESV changes within different urbanization scales and speeds.The results showed rapid urbanization in the population,land,and economic dimensions in China,with a faster process of economic urbanization.The ESV also exhibited an increasing trend,with higher levels in the southeastern coastal regions and lower levels in the northwestern regions.Urbanization had positive impacts on ESV across various research units,but the ESV exhibited heteroge-neous changes across different urbanization scales,speeds,and their interactive effects.The response of ESV to dynamic urbanization processes was influenced by socio-economic,ecological,and policy factors;it is essential to combine targeted measures with general ecological product value realization methods in each unit to maximize social-economic-ecological benefits.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42330106。
文摘Dryland regions face complex interactions between urbanization and ecological changes,where effective coordination is essential for enhancing sustainability and resilience.However,most studies concentrate on the national or provincial scales,with insufficient research on county-level coordination,limiting the ability to provide targeted polifrom a precise perspective.This study addresses this gap by analyzing 39 counties within the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin Urban Agglomeration(HBOYUA),a typical dryland urban cluster in China.We use daytime and nighttime remote sensing images to track the spatio-temporal evolution of urbanization and ecological conditions from 1992 to 2023.A novel quantitative framework based on an improved coupling coordination degree(CCD)is proposed to assess their coordination relationship.The results reveal that:(1)Urbanization and ecological quality both exhibited fluctuating upward trends,with spatial heterogeneity increasing for urbanization and decreasing for the eco-environment.Regions with better ecological conditions had higher urbanization levels.(2)The overall coordinated level improved from imbalance(0.36)to low-level coordination(0.55),although its spatial distribution remained uneven,with central urban areas showing higher CCD than surrounding counties.(3)Socioeconomic factors exerted greater effects on CCD than natural factors,with GDP and land surface temperature(LST)playing a significant role in interaction analysis.(4)In western arid regions,urbanization did not necessarily harm ecosystems;instead,ecological conditions improved alongside urbanization.This research offers targeted and valuable references for county and city governments in resource allocation and sustainable development.The proposed methodology is also adaptable for urban resilience studies in other regions.
基金Natural Resources Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,No.CHZX-2023-45The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA23100201+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42261144746Graduate Students’Research&Innovation Fund of Inner Mongolia Normal University,No.CXJJB22012Fundamental Research Funds for the Inner Mongolia Normal University,No.2022JBXC017。
文摘A comprehensive understanding of urbanization impacts on landscape dynamics,eco-environmental consequences,and advancements in human habitation is paramount for effectively advancing urbanization-related sustainable development goals.This study predicted the urbanization process within the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Ulanqab(HBOU)region and its projected implications for ecology,human settlement,and energy consumption in 2020–2050 using multi-source data and models under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs).The results revealed that the HBOU region's urban area grew by 624.66 km~2 between 1990 and 2020.By 2050,it is expected to reach 1793.49±169.30 km~2,mainly expanding into cropland(58.95%)and natural ecological land(31.79%).Urban greening is projected to enhance,with the highest urban green space(UGS)predicted under SSP1(32.42%).Under this scenario,the per capita urban area(PCUA)and per capita urban green space area(PCUGA)are projected to reach 172.66 and 55.63 m~2/person in 2050,respectively.Furthermore,the ecological and energy utilization impacts are anticipated to decrease by 3.99%to 37.52%relative to alternative scenarios.Our projections suggest that limiting urbanization area in the HBOU region to 1500–1600 km~2 would significantly enhance the settlement environment and mitigate ecological and energy consumption effects.These results guide urban strategies balancing ecology,energy use,and habitation in arid regions.
文摘Land use change ranks as the second most significant human-made factor affecting climate,following greenhouse gas emissions.Patna is rapidly expanding cities in Bihar state.Urbanization caused substantial alterations in land use patterns in Patna,driven by its rapid urban growth and increasing population.Urbanization and population growth caused a rapid increase in built structures to cater the demand,which caused reduction in vegetation,water body,and wasteland cover,due to which land cover changed.Land cover change detection plays a vital role in identifying its impact on diurnal temperature range(DTR).To study the impact,land use/land cover change map for the city is produced from Landsat images for the study area Patna during 1995 to 2023.The supervised classification method is used to identify substantial changes in vegetation cover during 1995 and 2023 as a result of changes in land use and land cover.Landsat image supervised classification shows a growth of 47.80 percent in built-up areas in the last 28 years in the city of Patna.The classified image also shows a consistent decline of 31.74 percent in vegetation cover over the period of 28 years.Urbanization-driven changes in land use and land cover have led to a significant decrease of 20.24 percent in the near-surface DTR,average decrease of 12.54 percent in maximum temperature and an increase of 75.68 percent in minimum temperature of the city.The study offers scientific insights into how urbanization and human activities are impacting the eco-environment of the city.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271743)。
文摘Urbanization is one of the most extreme forms of land-use alteration that is advancing across the world with unprecedented speed.As the largest developing country,China has developed a unique path through its high speed and large scale of urbanization,offering valuable research opportunities for avian ecology.However,a comprehensive review on how birds respond to urbanization in China is still lacking.Here,we systematically reviewed 274 studies published from 1962 to 2024 to determine the research trends,current insights,and future directions of avian response to urbanization in China.We synthesized research trends across four core avian response dimensions to urbanization—diversity,behavior,physiology,and life-history—and their applications in conservation strategy design.The number of publications in avian response to urbanization in China increased annually,and it is influenced by China's developing policies of urbanization.The results also showed an unbalanced geographical pattern of the publications,as the research preferences are relatively prevalent in the developed areas of eastern China.In contrast,there are insufficient studies in the emerging urbanizing areas in the western and northeastern China.Regarding the research contents,most existing studies are focusing on the patterns of bird diversity,while there are few studies on the underlying mechanisms,such as physiological adjustments and life-history strategies.In addition,passerines are the most frequent ones among the studied species.Integrating multidimensional urbanization indices and citizen science data are gradually becoming a new trend in recent years.Our study emphasizes that future studies should pay more attention to the response mechanism of birds in urbanizing processes,multidimensional and interdisciplinary studies,and the transformation of the research results into conservation practices.
基金supported by CUHK Strategic Impact Enhancement Fund(project no.3135536)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023B1515020029).
文摘Urbanization’s impact on pre-monsoon extreme rainfall in the Greater Bay Area(GBA),coastal South China(SC),and its relation to different synoptic systems remains understudied.This research investigates urbanization effects on premonsoon rainfall using hourly station observations and Weather Research and Forecasting model with the Single Layer Urban Canopy Model(WRF-SLUCM)simulations.Observations show stronger pre-monsoon extreme rainfall in GBA cities than surrounding rural areas,with the urban heat island(UHI)intensifying the urban rainfall intensity and probability.Extreme cases were classified into frontal and shear-line warm-sector types.Enhanced urban rainfall due to UHI was more pronounced under shear-line and warm-sector systems.Four frontal and four shear-line cases were dynamically downscaled using WRF-SLUCM,and four parallel experiments were conducted:“Nourban”(urban areas replaced by cropland),“AH0”,“AH100”,and“AH300”[normal land use,with the diurnal maximum anthropogenic heat(AH)set to 0,100,and 300 W m^(−2)in SLUCM,respectively].In frontal cases,significantly reduced urban rainfall in AH0 is due to decreased(enhanced)surface evaporation(wind divergence)in cities compared to cropland.Strong northerly winds and cold-air intrusion suppress the UHI in AH0 and AH100 during the rainfall process;enhanced urban rainfall occurs only in AH300.In contrast,for shear-line cases,urban friction and UHI promote local convection and wind convergence,increasing urban rainfall significantly in all urban experiments compared to Nourban.Overall,urbanization’s influence on SC’s premonsoon extreme rainfall is highly sensitive to the type of synoptic systems,necessitating further investigation of urban rainfall in this season.
基金supported by the Kushlan Fund from the University of Miami Department of Biology.
文摘South Florida’s natural forest ecosystems,including pine rocklands and hardwood hammocks,are threatened by land use change and urbanization,invasive species,and climate change.It is critical to understand the responses of these ecosystems to anthropogenic disturbances to conserve the remnants of the USA natural subtropical forests.Using dendrochronology,long-term growth patterns were characterized in three dominant native tree species:Bursera simaruba,Swietenia mahagoni,and Pinus elliottii.Core samples were collected from>30 individuals of each species in hardwood hammocks(B.simaruba and S.mahagoni)and pine rocklands(P.elliottii)to examine growth patterns.Relationships between annual tree growth rates and climatic variables were assessed to address three questions:(1)What are the climatic drivers of growth in these three South Florida tree species?(2)Are their growth rates stable or changing through time?and(3)Are tree growth rates affected by urbanization?Standardized growth rates of the three species have changed through time,with small young trees showing accelerated growth through time,whereas larger,older trees showed declining growth rates.S.mahagoni and B.simaruba grew faster in urbanized parks than in more natural parks,whereas P.elliottii grew slower in urban parks.There were positive correlations between tree growth and the current year’s fall precipitation and no discernable effects of the current year’s monthly temperatures on growth rates of any of the species.These results suggest that the foundational tree species of the southern USA endangered pine rocklands and hardwood hammocks may be vulnerable to ongoing changes in precipitation and temperature as well as other environmental effects associated with urbanization.
文摘This study examines the spatial and temporal patterns of wetland degradation in Delhi from 1991 to 2021 using remote sensing and GIS techniques.The Automated Water Extraction Index(AWEI)was applied to pre-monsoon Landsat imagery to delineate surface water bodies over the past 30 years accurately.Supervised classification was employed to generate land use maps,while census data was utilized to analyze urbanization trends across the region.Classification accuracy was assessed using Google Earth reference data through a confusion matrix,ensuring the reliability of the land cover analysis.Results reveal a significant decline in wetland extent,especially in densely populated and rapidly urbanizing districts such as North West,South,and East Delhi.During this time,the urban population increased from 52.7% to 97.4%,accompanied by a 70.2% expansion of built-up areas,while wetlands contracted from 32.9 km^(2) to 30.2 km^(2).South Delhi experienced the most severe wetland loss,with water body coverage dropping from 0.800% to 0.025%,whereas North East and Central Delhi maintained higher wetland coverage due to the influence of the Yamuna River and targeted conservation efforts.The study highlights the strong linkage between urban growth and wetland decline,which threatens biodiversity,groundwater recharge,and ecological stability.These findings emphasize the urgent need for integrated urban planning and conservation policies to safeguard wetlands,thereby promoting sustainability and water security in the National Capital Region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Projects of China(Grant No.42071284).
文摘Understanding the complex interactions between urbanization and ecosystem services(ESs)is crucial for optimiz ing planning policies and achieving sustainable urban management.While previous research has largely focused on highly urbanized areas,little attention has been given to the phased effect of progressive urbanization on ES networks.This study proposes a conceptual framework that utilizes the network method and space-time replace ment to examine the effect of urbanization on the complex relationships among ESs at different stages,with a particular emphasis on the progressive evolution of the process.We apply this framework to the Horqin area,a typical eco-fragile area in China.Results demonstrate that the connectivity of the ES synergy network exhibits a non-stationary characteristic,initially increasing,then decreasing,and subsequently strengthening.Meanwhile,its modularity shows a rising trend during periods of accelerated urbanization.The performance of the trade off network displays the opposite pattern.Additionally,we observe a gradual replacement of provisioning and regulation services by cultural services in terms of dominance in the synergy network as urbanization advances.By providing guidance for identifying key planning initiatives and implementing ecological protection policies at different stages of development,this study contributes a pathway that can inform development strategies in other regions undergoing progressive urbanization.
基金Financial support was provided by Secretaría de Cienciay Técnica-Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto(SECyTUNRC,Grant PPI 18/C416)Fondo para la Investigación Científca y Tecnológica(FONCyT,Grant PICT BIDPICT 0981-20182530-2019).
文摘Wetlands are unique ecological environments capable of harboring high biodiversity.However,urbanization can degrade,eliminate,or transformthese habitats.Although amphibians utilize habitats created by humans in urban landscapes,few studies have investigated the infuence of thehabitat quality on the life history of anurans.We assessed life history traits such as snout-vent length(SVL),body condition,and reproductiveinvestment in the South American common toad Rhinella arenarum,to determine whether urbanization is harmful or benefcial to this species.We sampled wetlands with different levels of urbanization in Río Cuarto city,Córdoba,Argentina.We recorded males with lower SVL in mediumurbanized wetlands and those with the highest SVL in both low and high urbanization categories,similar to what was found for body conditionswith males with low body conditions inhabiting wetlands with a medium degree of urbanization.In females,lower SVL was recorded in mediumurbanization and highest SVL in high and low urbanization.It is observed that females recorded in highly urbanized wetlands have a very lowbody condition.The reproductive investment parameters were not signifcantly different,but we observed an association between a greaternumber of eggs and clutch size with wetlands of low urbanization.These results show a variability of responses of R.arenarum to urbanization,which could be due to phenotypic plasticity in its life history parameters,allowing it to inhabit urban areas.Continuous monitoring of the speciesin these wetlands is needed to determine if these biological responses are temporary or persistent.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.20210302124437)the Graduate Student Research and Innovation Project of Shanxi Province(Grant No.2023KY551).
文摘In this paper,the Taixin Integrated Economic Zone in Shanxi Province is taken as the research object,and the coupling coordination degree model and bivariate spatial autocorrelation model are used to judge the coupling coordination and spatial-temporal correlation between urbanization and ecosystem service,and the hotspot analysis is used to judge the spatial-temporal trend of urbanization and ecosystem service.The results show that:(1)The urbanization level from 2000 to 2020 continued to rise,the areas with relatively high urbanization were concentrated in the central part of the study area,and the relatively high terrain areas on both sides of the study area,the urbanization was relatively slow,and the hotspot areas with highly significant and significant urbanization level from 2000 to 2020 were distributed as bands in the central part of the study area and the area was rising,and there was no Cold spot area distribution;between 2000 and 2020,the ecosystem service value in the study area increased by 2.6800×10^(8) yuan.Over these two decades,it exhibited a development trend that first rose and then declined.The woodland and grassland agglomeration areas were located on the two sides of the study area,forming highly significant and significant hotspots.Conversely,the central and northeastern parts of the study area were characterized by concentrated man-made land surfaces and croplands,resulting in the formation of highly significant and significant cold spots.(2)In the central part of the study area where man-made land surface and cultivated land are concentrated,the coupling coordination between urbanization and ecosystem service is in the intermediate dislocation and mild dislocation interval;the woodland and grassland concentration areas on both sides of the study area are ecologically fragile,and the coupling coordination between the two is in the level of less than intermediate dislocation.(3)From 2000 to 2020,urbanization and the value of ecosystem services were both negatively correlated,although the correlation coefficient was low.In the central and northeastern parts,urbanization and ecosystem service exhibited patterns of high-low,high-high,and low-low clustering.Conversely,on both sides of the study area,most of the clusters showed a low-high pattern.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project“Research on the Mechanism and Policy Design of the Impact of Rural Migrant Urbanization on Local Government Education Investment”(Grant No.72103034)the Distinguished Young Scholar Funding Project of the University of International Business and Economics(Grant No.21JQ11).
文摘This paper leverages the Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Reform of the Household Registration System as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of rural migrant urbanization on local government expenditures in science and technology(S&T)and education.Employing a generalized difference-in-differences(generalized-DID)approach and panel data from 271 Chinese prefecture-level and above-level cities spanning 2003–2019,we find that household registration reform driven by this urbanization process significantly increased the absolute level as well as the fiscal share of S&T and education spending.Mechanism analyses indicate that rural migrant urbanization promotes these expenditures through two channels:increasing the overall local fiscal revenue and encouraging a greater proportion of the fiscal resources to be allocated to these sectors.The findings uncover the current evolving trends in fiscal resource allocation due to rural migrant urbanization and provide empirical evidence for optimizing the provision of public services and enhancing the potential of long-term economic development.
基金financial support provided by the German Research Foundation,DFG,through grant number KL894/23-2 and NO 1444/1-2 as part of the Research Unit FOR2432/2the China Scholarship Council(CSC)that supports the first author with a Ph D scholarshipsupport provided by Indian partners at the Institute of Wood Science and Technology(IWST),Bengaluru。
文摘Rapid urbanization has caused significant changes along the urban-rural gradient,leading to a variety of landscapes that are mainly shaped by human activities.This dynamic interplay also influences the distribution and characteristics of trees outside forests(TOF).Understanding the pattern of these trees will support informed decision-making in urban planning,in conservation strategies,and altogether in sustainable land management practices in the urban context.In this study,we employed a deep learning-based object detection model and high resolution satellite imagery to identify 1.3 million trees with bounding boxes within a 250 km^(2)research transect spanning the urban-rural gradient of Bengaluru,a megacity in Southern India.Additionally,we developed an allometric equation to estimate diameter at breast height(DBH)from the tree crown diameter(CD)derived from the detected bounding boxes.Our study focused on analyzing variations in tree density and tree size along this gradient.The findings revealed distinct patterns:the urban domain displayed larger tree crown diameters(mean:8.87 m)and DBH(mean:43.78 cm)but having relatively low tree density(32 trees per hectare).Furthermore,with increasing distance from the city center,tree density increased,while the mean tree crown diameter and mean tree basal area decreased,showing clear differences of tree density and size between the urban and rural domains in Bengaluru.This study offers an efficient methodology that helps generating instructive insights into the dynamics of TOF along the urban-rural gradient.This may inform urban planning and management strategies for enhancing green infrastructure and biodiversity conservation in rapidly urbanizing cities like Bengaluru.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42271037Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,No.2408085MD095+2 种基金Key Research and Development Program Project of Anhui Province,No.2022m07020011University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province,No.GXXT-2021-048Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars of Anhui,No.2108085Y13。
文摘Under global warming,understanding the impact of urbanization on the characteristics of different heatwaves is important for sustainable development.In this study,we investigated the changes of heatwaves characteristics in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration(YRDUG)and analyzed the influencing mechanisms of urbanization.Results showed that:(1)the duration,frequency,and intensity of NHWs(Nighttime Heatwaves)and CHWs(Daytime-nighttime compound Heatwaves)had shown a significant increase and the CHWs showed the greatest increasing trend.Furthermore,the NHWs exhibited higher durations,frequencies,and intensities compared to DHWs(Daytime Heatwaves);(2)Since 1990,the DHWs and CHWs were greater in urban areas than in rural areas,NHWs had been more pronounced in rural areas than in urban centers;and(3)Cloud cover,solar radiation,etc.affected heatwaves.Furthermore,in the process of urbanization,the increase in impervious area and the decrease in green land exacerbated heatwaves.Considering the combined effect of DHWs and NHWs,CHWs continued to increase.
基金supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(Grant No.2021xjkk0905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42121001).
文摘New-type urbanization(NTU)is proposed by China to solve unsustainable issues and improve green development efficiency(GDE)during the process of rapid urbanization.However,the impact mechanism of NTU on GDE is unclear.Using panel data of 282 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2019,we measured NTU and GDE to describe their spatiotemporal pattern and relationship evolution.The fixed effects panel model and mediating effect panel model were further utilized to analyze the benchmark impact,mediating mechanism and spatiotem-poral heterogeneity of NTU on GDE.The results showed that NTU improved,with the highest levels observed in the eastern region,while GDE increased with fluctuations,performing better in both the eastern and western regions.With the proportion of double-high cities increasing from 13.83%to 43.62%,the NTU-GDE relationship was upgraded.Overall,every 1%improvement in NTU increased GDE by 0.3111%,and the enterprise effect,resident effect and government effect played a positive mediating role from high to low.During the later stage of NTU,its impact on GDE strengthened significantly,and the mediating role of governments was optimized.The eastern region was the only region with three positive mediating roles of governments,enterprises and residents.These findings will promote GDE through NTU in China and serve as a valuable reference for sustainable global urbanization.
文摘At its core,Urbanization and Production of Space provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between urbanization and the production of space,particularly within the rapidly evolving context of China's urban transformation.As one of the most populous and dynamically urbanizing nations,China serves as a compelling case for understanding the broader global implications of spatial restructuring.
基金Fellowship Program of the CPSF,No.GZC20231970National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41871182。
文摘Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying agricultural space urbanization is essential for sustainable land management.This study identified the spatiotemporal characteristics of the agricultural space urbanization from 2000 to 2020 in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)using a kilometer-grid-based approach.By employing the partial least squares structural equation modeling method,the intricate drivers of agricultural space urbanization were investigated.The results revealed that from 2000 to 2020,agricultural space urbanization in the YREB covered an area of 28,198 km^(2),accounting for 84.5%of the total increase in urban space.The partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis revealed regional variations in agricultural space urbanization dynamics.In the western YREB,where urbanization is in its initial stage,natural conditions play a weak and indirect role,whereas policy incentives and socioeconomic growth are equally significant in driving agricultural space urbanization.In the eastern YREB,where urbanization is more saturated,the agricultural space urbanization is less constrained by natural factors,showing a high synergy with socioeconomic development.Conversely,in the central Yangtze River Economic Belt,policy influences surpass socioeconomic factors,whereas unfavorable natural conditions and agricultural development act as key drivers of agricultural space urbanization.This study suggests that enhancing agricultural space urbanization quality requires strengthening region-specific policies,providing targeted support for remote areas,rebalancing policy orientation in rapidly urbanizing regions,and establishing a comprehensive evaluation system to ensure policy rationality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grants No.42471118 and 52078440)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Grant No.2021194).
文摘Urbanization radically alters the climatic environment and landscape patterns of urban areas,but its impact on the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation remains uncertain.Given the limitations of current small-scale ground-based in situ experiments,the response of vegetation carbon sequestration capacity to urbanization and the factors influencing it remain unclear at the global scale.Using multisource remote sensing data,we quanti-fied and differentiated the direct and indirect impacts of urbanization on the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation in 508 large urban areas globally from 2000 to 2020.The results revealed that the direct impacts of urbanization were generally negative.However,446 cities experienced an indirect enhancement in vegetation carbon sequestration capacity during urbanization,averaging 19.6%globally and offsetting 14.7%of the di-rect loss due to urbanization.These positive indirect effects were most pronounced in environments with limited hydrothermal conditions and increased most in densely populated temperate and cold regions.Furthermore,indi-rect impacts were closely related to urbanization intensity,human footprint,and level of urban development.Our study enhances the understanding of how the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation dynamically responds to changes in the urban environment,which is crucial for improving future urban vegetation management and building sustainable cities.
文摘In sharp contrast to Western urbanization models, the distinctive feature of China's rapid urbanization lies in the production of space. This is not only a crucial entry point for comprehending China's urbanization path but also provides a new orientation for global urban studies.
