By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents'income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents&#...By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents'income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents'income gap.By conducting empirical analysis,we establish ARIMA prediction model,grey prediction model and quadratic-polynomial prediction model and conduct accuracy comparison.The results show that quadratic-polynomial prediction model has excellent fitting effect.By using quadratic-polynomial prediction model,this paper conducts prediction on trend of China's urban-rural residents'income gap from 2011 to 2013,and the prediction value of income gap of urban-rural residents in China from 2011 to 2013 is 14173.20,15212.92 and 16289.67 yuan respectively.Finally,on the basis of analysis,corresponding countermeasures are put forward,in order to provide scientific basis for energy planning and policy formulation:first,strengthen government's function of public service,coordinate resources,and strive to provide an equal opportunity of development for social members,so as to promote people's welfare and promote social equality;second,breach industrial monopoly and bridge income gap between employees in monopoly industry and general industry;last but not the least,support,encourage and call for government to establish social relief fund,adjust residents'income distribution from the non-governmental perspective,and endeavor to promote the income level of low-income class.展开更多
According to the data in China Statistical Yearbook from 1992 to 2008,by using regression model,we adopt least square method and generalized least square method to conduct empirical analysis on the relationship betwee...According to the data in China Statistical Yearbook from 1992 to 2008,by using regression model,we adopt least square method and generalized least square method to conduct empirical analysis on the relationship between urban-rural residents'income and consumption in China's east,northeast,central region and west.The results show that the urban-rural residents'propensity to consume in China's four regions has prominent characteristics.In terms of region,urban residents'marginal propensity to consume takes on irregular fluctuation,while the rural residents'propensity to consume conforms to law of diminishing of marginal propensity to consume;in terms of time sequence,the rural residents'marginal propensity to consume in China's four regions takes on"multi-U-form"fluctuation trend,and the rural residents'marginal propensity to consume in different regions has certain difference,while the urban residents'marginal propensity to consume takes on low-frequency broad width fluctuation trend;the urban-rural residents'average marginal propensity to consume in China's four regions conforms to the law of diminishing.In order to increase consumption and promote the balanced rapid development of regional economy,in light of the urban-rural difference and characteristics of different regions,we should propound effective measures to promote urban-rural residents'propensity to consume,and formulate and implement regional policy in order to stimulate consumption.展开更多
Promoting urban-rural integration and facilitating the bidirectional flow of urban and rural elements are core spatial objectives in the new era of China.The urban-rural fringe represents the region with the most inte...Promoting urban-rural integration and facilitating the bidirectional flow of urban and rural elements are core spatial objectives in the new era of China.The urban-rural fringe represents the region with the most intense interaction between urban and rural areas,serving as a key zone for breaking down barriers and promoting urban-rural integration.Based on a systematic review of representative case studies and scholarly literature,this paper synthesizes the evolving research perspectives on the urban-rural fringe,with particular attention to how data-driven approaches that integrate official statistics,remote sensing imagery,points of interest,and mobile phone signaling data have advanced the characterization of fringe features,refined identification methods,and revealed emerging developmental trends through spatial clustering and machine learning classification.It proposes an integrated analytical framework encompassing administrative boundaries,economic metabolism,social activities,material infrastructure,and the ecological environment.The paper further examines the characteristics and emerging development trends of urban-rural fringe areas and advances a set of strategic directions to support urban-rural integration and more efficient resource allocation.These include expanding analytical dimensions,enhancing data integration,refining identification criteria,elucidating mechanisms of internal and external interactions,and strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration.Collectively,these efforts offer actionable insights for optimizing public service delivery,directing infrastructure investment in transportation and utilities,delineating ecological conservation boundaries,and implementing place-based socioeconomic revitalization strategies in the urban-rural fringe regions.展开更多
The Chinese government’s common prosperity policy has inspired a series of rural development initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities between urban and rural areas.Zhejiang Province was designated as the firs...The Chinese government’s common prosperity policy has inspired a series of rural development initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities between urban and rural areas.Zhejiang Province was designated as the first demonstration zone in China’s pursuit of common prosperity.To explore the demonstration effect of rural development on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas,this study adopts the Theil index to measure urban-rural income disparity levels and explores spatial evolution patterns of the income disparity in 52 counties of Zhejiang Province,China from 2011 to 2020.The spatial Durbin model is also used to investigate the impact of rural development on the urban-rural income disparity.The results show that:1)Urban-rural income disparities have gradually narrowed.Moreover,income disparities across the province are spatially clustered from north to south.Narrowing the gap between mountainous and non-mountainous counties is imperative for resolving these spatial imbalances in the short term.2)Rural development reduces urban-rural income disparity levels and generates economic and technological spillover effects,as evidenced by the phenomenon where development in one county leads to reduced income disparities in neighboring counties.3)The technological innovation enhances the co-development of rural industries through technological diffusion effects,further strengthening rural development.Finally,enhancing the ecological environment synergizes with rural development to reduce urban-rural income disparities.The research results provide policy implications for narrowing the urban-rural income disparity and promoting common prosperity.展开更多
Objective: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) theory was used to assess the health quality of elderly residents in Southwest China. This was done by using the European Five-Dimensional Health Scale in a compre...Objective: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) theory was used to assess the health quality of elderly residents in Southwest China. This was done by using the European Five-Dimensional Health Scale in a comprehensive manner and by analysing the factors influencing it. The findings will provide new perspectives and ideas for improving the health-related quality of life of the elderly population and enhancing the precise health management of elderly residents. Methods: The response data of 1892 elderly residents in southwestern China were included in the analysis based on the CLHLS data. The factors influencing the occurrence of problems, EQ-VAS scores and health utility values were analysed by logistic regression, multiple linear regression and Tobit regression, respectively. Results: The primary health concerns among the elderly population in the Southwest region were limited ability to perform daily activities and pain or discomfort. These individuals exhibited an EQ-VAS self-assessment score of 66.51 ± 14.87 and a health utility value of 0.87 (0.70, 1.00). Gender, age, regular medical check-ups, exercise habits and the prevalence of chronic diseases are the main influencing factors. Conclusions: The health quality of elderly people in Southwest China needs to be improved, and a comprehensive management strategy can be adopted in terms of lifestyle management, health needs management and disease management to improve the quality of their healthy lives and promote the development of healthy ageing.展开更多
Integrated urban-rural development is a crucial stage in the development of China’s urban-rural relations and is essential for Chinese modernization.In the digital era,the cultural tourism industry has the potential ...Integrated urban-rural development is a crucial stage in the development of China’s urban-rural relations and is essential for Chinese modernization.In the digital era,the cultural tourism industry has the potential to promote integrated urban-rural development through multidimensional integration mechanisms,including cultural exchanges,resource sharing,and industrial linkages.Specifically,by innovating cultural tourism development models,the efficiency of labor allocation between urban and rural areas can be improved,fostering the transformation of rural cultural tourism and its related industries.By expanding the cultural tourism scenarios,new spaces for rural cultural consumption can be constructed,which would help to reduce urban and rural consumption disparities.By establishing cultural tourism development platforms and facilitating the sharing of data elements,the coordinated development of urban and rural public cultural services can be promoted,which would reduce the service gaps between urban and rural areas.By leveraging smart city construction to drive the development of the rural digital infrastructure,integrated urban-rural development,guided by a“digital+”approach,can then be fostered and help to reduce urban and rural development gaps.Building on this foundation,the digital transformation of cultural tourism will advance industrial linkages,resource sharing,factor mobility,and spatial co-creation within urban and rural cultural tourism,gradually realizing integrated urban-rural development and ultimately driving rural revitalization and fostering common prosperity.展开更多
Objective:The anesthesia residency training system is designed to provide supervised practice,enabling residents to progress from simple to complex procedures and higher-risk patients.However,it remains unclear whethe...Objective:The anesthesia residency training system is designed to provide supervised practice,enabling residents to progress from simple to complex procedures and higher-risk patients.However,it remains unclear whether residents acquire sufficient competence to be considered qualified anesthesiologists by the end of their training.This study aimed to evaluate whether anesthesia care provided by supervised CA-5 residents affects postoperative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from elderly patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery between January 2020 and December 2021 at Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.Patients were categorized into two groups:those managed by CA-5 residents(Resident group,n=294)and those managed by attending anesthesiologists(Attending group,n=521).Propensity score matching(PSM;1:1)was used to ensure comparability between the groups.The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital postoperative complications.Secondary outcomes included intraoperative hemodynamic changes,the need for intensive care unit(ICU)admission,length of ICU and hospital stays,and in-hospital mortality.Multivariable logistic regression assessed the adjusted association between anesthesia provider type and postoperative morbidity and mortality.Results:Among the 815 elderly patients included,105(12.9%)experienced postoperative complications and 22(2.7%)died during hospitalization.No significant differences were observed in postoperative complications or mortality between the two groups,either before PSM(morbidity:11.9%vs.13.4%,p=0.531;mortality:3.7%vs.2.1%,p=0.168)or after PSM(morbidity:12.0%vs.14.4%,p=0.392;mortality:3.8%vs.1.4%,p=0.067).Multivariate analysis confirmed that postoperative morbidity and mortality were not significantly associated with resident involvement,either before PSM(morbidity:OR=0.882,95%CI:0.552-1.410,p=0.600;mortality:OR=1.293,95%CI:0.479-3.492,p=0.612)or after PSM(morbidity:OR=0.881,95%CI:0.523-1.486,p=0.636;mortality:OR=3.122,95%CI:0.805-12.106,p=0.100).Conclusions:Postoperative morbidity and mortality rates in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery are comparable between those anesthetized by supervised CA-5 residents and those managed by attending anesthesiologists.These results suggest that supervised CA-5 residents do not adversely affect patient safety.展开更多
Background:Despite self-determination theory’s prominence,few studies examine BPN in China’s ethnic frontier regions.Therefore,this study investigates and analyzes the current situation of community residents with d...Background:Despite self-determination theory’s prominence,few studies examine BPN in China’s ethnic frontier regions.Therefore,this study investigates and analyzes the current situation of community residents with different demographic characteristics in Yanbian in the three basic psychological needs of competency needs,autonomy needs and attribution needs,so as to provide reference for the construction of community service in Yanbian area.Methods:A survey was conducted among 234 residents in four communities in Yanbian from September to October 2024.The equal probability random sampling method was used to collect data by using a general information questionnaire and basic psychological demand scale,and SPSS 28.0 was used for analysis.Through single factor analysis,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis,the influencing factors and correlation of basic psychological needs of community residents in Yanbian area were discussed.Results:The basic psychological needs of residents were above the middle level;there is a significant positive correlation between economic status and the three dimensions of basic psychological needs(P<0.001).There is a significant positive correlation between the three dimensions of competence demand(β=2.028,P<0.001),autonomy demand(β=2.022,P<0.001),and attribution demand(β=2.693,P<0.001).Conclusion:The satisfaction degree of basic psychological needs of community residents in Yanbian is significantly affected by economic situation,which urges nurses to advocate for economic empowerment programs in community health and provides an empirical basis for the construction of a psychological service system in this area.At the same time,it is proposed that the region can respond by improving social support and improving employment results.展开更多
Background:Cervical and breast cancers are among the top 4 leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women.This study aimed to examine age-specific temporal trends in mortality for cervical and breast cancers in u...Background:Cervical and breast cancers are among the top 4 leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women.This study aimed to examine age-specific temporal trends in mortality for cervical and breast cancers in urban and rural areas of China from 2009 to 2021.Methods:Age-specific mortality data for cervical and breast cancers among Chinese women aged 20-84 years were obtained from China’s National Disease Surveillance Points system spanning the years 2009 to 2021.Negative binomial regression models were utilized to assess urban-rural differences in mortality rate ratios,while Joinpoint models with estimated average annual percent changes(AAPC)and slopes were employed to compare temporal trends and the acceleration of mortality rates within different age groups.Results:From 2009 to 2021,there was a relative increase in age-specific mortality associated with the two cancers observed in rural areas compared with urban areas.A rising trend in the screening age of 35-64[AAPC:4.0%,95%confidence interval(CI)0.5-7.6,P=0.026]for cervical cancer was noted in rural areas,while a stable trend(AAPC:-0.7%,95%CI-5.8 to 4.6,P=0.780)was observed in urban areas.As for breast cancer,a stable trend(AAPC:0.3%,95%CI-0.3 to 0.9,P=0.280)was observed in rural areas compared to a decreasing trend(AAPC:-2.7%,95%CI-4.6 to-0.7,P=0.007)in urban areas.Urban-rural differences in mortality rates increased over time for cervical cancer but decreased for breast cancer.Mortality trends for both cervical and breast cancers showed an increase with age across 4 segments,with the most significant surge in mortality observed among the 35-54 age group across urban and rural areas,periods,and regions in China.Conclusions:Special attention should be given to women aged 35-54 years due to mortality trends and rural-urban disparities.Focusing on vulnerable age groups and addressing rural-urban differences in the delivery of cancer control programs can enhance resource efficiency and promote health equity.展开更多
Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-...Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-sectoral challenges in urban-rural relations,and plays an important role in implementing the new development philosophy,which promotes Chinese modernization.The theoretical logic supporting the function it plays in enabling Chinese modernization lies in the following aspects:it leverages the free flow of population and resources between urban and rural areas and thus facilitates the balanced development of China’s modernization;it advances the common prosperity of all people through its new type of urban-rural and industrial-agricultural relations;it fosters the coordinated development of the material and spiritual civilizations through the integration of urban and rural cultures;it promotes steering the modernization toward green development through the joint building and managing of the overall urban-rural ecosystem;and it drives modernization in a harmonious and stable direction through integrated urban-rural development.Currently,integrated urban-rural development still faces challenges such as restrictions on the two-way flow of factors,the low efficiency of industrial coordination and support,unequal access to public service facilities,and the insufficient use of land.Therefore,based on the strategic framework of urban-rural integrated development,it is necessary to continuously promote Chinese modernization through high-quality integrated urban-rural development from the perspectives of deepening institutional coordination,expanding the application of digital intelligence in urban and rural industries,optimizing public services,and improving land management.展开更多
Standardized residency training programs primarily focus on developing clinical diagnostic and treatment skills,often allocating limited time to research activities.However,enhancing research skills is of paramount im...Standardized residency training programs primarily focus on developing clinical diagnostic and treatment skills,often allocating limited time to research activities.However,enhancing research skills is of paramount importance for residents,as it fosters critical thinking,problem-solving abilities,and a deeper understanding of applying scientific principles to clinical practice.This paper explores the necessity and significance of integrating research training into residency programs,emphasizing its role in cultivating well-rounded physicians capable of advancing medical knowledge.This study proposes a competency-based research training model that encompasses research literacy,study design,biostatistics,and scientific writing.Additionally,online asynchronous training modules,robust mentorship,and balanced time management strategies are recommended to enhance residents’research engagement without compromising clinical training.By implementing these measures,residency programs can improve residents’research capabilities,contributing to both individual professional growth and the broader advancement of medical science.展开更多
In the context of the global“double carbon”goal,this article uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Multiple Linear Regression combined with a survey questionnaire to study the issue of carbon literacy among reside...In the context of the global“double carbon”goal,this article uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Multiple Linear Regression combined with a survey questionnaire to study the issue of carbon literacy among residents in Chongqing.The weights of each dimension are determined to promote the formation of a good situation of multi-party collaborative promotion and help achieve the“double carbon”goal.The level of carbon literacy reflects the residents’understanding of carbon literacy and has important significance for economic and social operation and environmental protection.The results indicate that the deepening of the concept of carbon inclusiveness and the continuous advancement of technology will lead to a continuous process of improving the carbon inclusiveness literacy of Chongqing residents.Corresponding suggestions are proposed on how to improve the carbon inclusiveness literacy of Chongqing residents,which is of great research significance.展开更多
Based on the empirical analysis of the income and consumption of rural residents,the present paper discusses the reasons for the weak growth of income and the lagging consumption of rural residents in China.Finally,it...Based on the empirical analysis of the income and consumption of rural residents,the present paper discusses the reasons for the weak growth of income and the lagging consumption of rural residents in China.Finally,it comes up with some recommendations and measures to increase the income of rural residents,promote the consumption of rural residents,and open up the rural market.展开更多
This empirical study examines the integration of medical and elderly care services in Guangyuan City through stratified random sampling,targeting 283 eligible residents aged 60+from three representative integrated ins...This empirical study examines the integration of medical and elderly care services in Guangyuan City through stratified random sampling,targeting 283 eligible residents aged 60+from three representative integrated institutions.The research employed a self-designed questionnaire titled“Humanistic Care Experience and Demand Influencing Factors”to collect subjective perceptions regarding basic care,psychological support,health education,and social interaction using a Likert five-point scale.Descriptive statistics,one-way ANOVA,and multiple regression modeling were conducted with SPSS 25.0 software.Results indicated that overall humanistic care experience scores were moderately high,with the“caregiving”dimension scoring highest and“psychological/social support”the lowest.Analysis revealed significant correlations between educational attainment,income,self-reported health status,and family support frequency(P<0.001),particularly among seniors with higher education,better health,and stronger family support.While integrated care facilities provide relatively comprehensive basic care,they should focus on addressing gaps in humanistic services,especially providing targeted support for groups with“low education,low income,poor health,and lack of family support.”展开更多
In the context of modern governance of megacities,community cultural communication not only serves as a frontier for disseminating mainstream values and cultivating a sense of community but also constitutes a critical...In the context of modern governance of megacities,community cultural communication not only serves as a frontier for disseminating mainstream values and cultivating a sense of community but also constitutes a critical variable affecting residents’daily sense of fulfillment,well-being,and satisfaction.Drawing on Beijing’s public policy documents,government procurement information,official media reports,and academic survey data during 2023-2025,this study systematically mapped the city-level community cultural communication system.Taking Guangning Sub-district and Pingguoyuan Sub-district in Shijingshan District as typical cases,it compared their practical approaches and residents’feedback,evaluated their respective strengths and shortcomings,and put forward policy recommendations centered on“precision matching of supply and demand,diversified integration of resources,and closed-loop management of evaluation.”These suggestions aimed to provide a reference for optimizing grassroots cultural governance in Beijing.展开更多
Objective:To enhance the reading skills of clinical pathology residents,it is essential to establish a well-structured electronic pathology reading library.Methods:In accordance with the Resident Standardization Train...Objective:To enhance the reading skills of clinical pathology residents,it is essential to establish a well-structured electronic pathology reading library.Methods:In accordance with the Resident Standardization Training Content and Standards(2022 Edition),clinical pathology residents are required to master pathological diagnoses across 11 systems:skin,head and neck,mediastinum and respiratory,digestive,urinary and male reproductive,female reproductive and breast,lymphatic and hematopoietic,bone and soft tissue,cardiovascular,central nervous,and endocrine diseases.Senior pathologists specializing in each subspecialty selected classic pathological slides,which were systematically scanned and compiled into an electronic pathology library.Results:A questionnaire survey was conducted to gather feedback on the electronic pathology reading library.Residents generally found it to be convenient,efficient,and conducive to learning.Conclusion:Training in clinical pathology diagnosis is a core component of standardized resident training.The electronic pathology reading library has been well-received and recognized by resident doctors.However,further efforts are needed to explore diverse teaching methods that align with modern educational approaches,ultimately contributing to the development of highly skilled resident doctors.展开更多
Little is known about differences in physical activity among children from urban and rural areas in low-to middleincome countries and some previous investigations revealed disparities in physical activity levels among...Little is known about differences in physical activity among children from urban and rural areas in low-to middleincome countries and some previous investigations revealed disparities in physical activity levels among children and adolescents residing in urban and rural environments.We aimed to:(i)assess the proportion of preschoolaged children(3.0-4.9 years)meeting the global movement guidelines,(ii)evaluate the feasibility of the methods for the SUNRISE study,(iii)examine gender-and urban-rural differences in health and behavior outcomes.Urban and rural location was based on national classifications.Physical activity(waist-worn ActiGraph);sleep duration,screen time and movement behaviors;Gross and fine motor skills(Lower body strength and mobility,Supine-Timed up and go[S-TUG],One-leg standing balance test,hand grip dynamometer,9-hole pegboard test);and executive functions(visual-spatial working memory and inhibition)were assessed in 112 preschoolers(n=50 boys,33 urban),(n=62 girls,41 urban).The results showed that only 18% of children met all movement guidelines,with 53% and 41%meeting the recommendations for sedentary screen time and total physical activity,respectively.A large proportion of children(81%)met the recommended sleep duration of 10-13 hours(h)per day.There is a clear need to promote healthy movement behaviours among preschool-aged children through targeted interventions that address their unique challenges related to gender and urban/rural residence.展开更多
Objectives:Although standardized residency trainees are at high risk for depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation,the psychological pathways connecting depression and anxiety to suicidal ideation,especially the modera...Objectives:Although standardized residency trainees are at high risk for depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation,the psychological pathways connecting depression and anxiety to suicidal ideation,especially the moderating role of resilience,remain elusive.This study aimed to examine the associations between depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation among physicians undergoing standardized residency training,and to investigate the moderating roles of different dimensions of individual resilience,namely tenacity,strength,and optimism.Methods:A convenience sampling method was adopted to recruit 133 resident physicians.Validated instruments assessing individual resilience,depressive symptoms,anxiety levels,and suicidal ideation were administered.Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationships among the variables.Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to assess the moderating roles of tenacity,strength,and optimism in the associations between depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation.Results:Depressive symptoms and anxiety levels were both positively associated with suicidal ideation(p<0.001).All three resilience dimensions were negatively correlated with suicidal ideation(tenacity:r=−0.504,strength:r=−0.477,optimism:r=−0.440,all p<0.001).Tenacity,strength,and optimism significantly moderated the associations between depression and suicidal ideation(all p<0.05).When resilience levels in these dimensions were high,the associations between depression and suicidal ideation were weaker.Strength and optimism also moderated the associations between anxiety and suicidal ideation(strength:p=0.028,optimism:p=0.028).When the resiliences(strength and optimism)were high,the associations between anxiety and suicidal ideation were weaker.Conclusion:Individual resilience,particularly in the dimensions of tenacity,strength,and optimism,may serve as protective correlates for physicians in training,being associated with weaker relationships between depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation.These findings highlight the potential value of resilience-enhancing strategies in clinical training settings,although causal inferences cannot be drawn due to the cross-sectional design.展开更多
The distinctive landscape of Zhujiayu Ancient Village in Zhangqiu District,Ji’nan,together with its long-established cultural traditions,has shaped a unique vernacular settlement character,within which traditional dw...The distinctive landscape of Zhujiayu Ancient Village in Zhangqiu District,Ji’nan,together with its long-established cultural traditions,has shaped a unique vernacular settlement character,within which traditional dwellings serve as a primary medium of regional culture.This study examines the residence of Zhu Fengyin,a jinshi degree holder,and adopts field investigation and measured drawing-based analysis.Discussion is organized around three dimensions:an overview of the dwelling,architectural form,and cultural expression.Particular attention is given to the multi-stage,multi-bay compound configuration developed in a mountainous setting,terrain-adaptive courtyard forms,and construction techniques.The analysis further interprets the concepts of ritual order and auspicious symbolism embedded in architectural decoration.By using this representative case,the study aims to deepen understanding of the architectural culture of gentry dwellings in the Ji’nan region and to provide an academic basis for the conservation and inheritance of traditional dwellings in the Ji’nan area.展开更多
Macrophages in the brain barrier system include microglia in the brain parenchyma,border-associated macrophages at the brain’s borders,and recruited macrophages.They are responsible for neural development,maintenance...Macrophages in the brain barrier system include microglia in the brain parenchyma,border-associated macrophages at the brain’s borders,and recruited macrophages.They are responsible for neural development,maintenance of homeostasis,and orchestrating immune responses.With the rapid exploitation and development of new technologies,there is a deeper understanding of macrophages in the brain barrier system.Here we review the origin,development,important molecules,and functions of macrophages,mainly focusing on microglia and border-associated macrophages.We also highlight some advances in single-cell sequencing and significant cell markers.We anticipate that more advanced methods will emerge to study resident and recruited macrophages in the future,opening new horizons for neuroimmunology and related peripheral immune fields.展开更多
文摘By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents'income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents'income gap.By conducting empirical analysis,we establish ARIMA prediction model,grey prediction model and quadratic-polynomial prediction model and conduct accuracy comparison.The results show that quadratic-polynomial prediction model has excellent fitting effect.By using quadratic-polynomial prediction model,this paper conducts prediction on trend of China's urban-rural residents'income gap from 2011 to 2013,and the prediction value of income gap of urban-rural residents in China from 2011 to 2013 is 14173.20,15212.92 and 16289.67 yuan respectively.Finally,on the basis of analysis,corresponding countermeasures are put forward,in order to provide scientific basis for energy planning and policy formulation:first,strengthen government's function of public service,coordinate resources,and strive to provide an equal opportunity of development for social members,so as to promote people's welfare and promote social equality;second,breach industrial monopoly and bridge income gap between employees in monopoly industry and general industry;last but not the least,support,encourage and call for government to establish social relief fund,adjust residents'income distribution from the non-governmental perspective,and endeavor to promote the income level of low-income class.
文摘According to the data in China Statistical Yearbook from 1992 to 2008,by using regression model,we adopt least square method and generalized least square method to conduct empirical analysis on the relationship between urban-rural residents'income and consumption in China's east,northeast,central region and west.The results show that the urban-rural residents'propensity to consume in China's four regions has prominent characteristics.In terms of region,urban residents'marginal propensity to consume takes on irregular fluctuation,while the rural residents'propensity to consume conforms to law of diminishing of marginal propensity to consume;in terms of time sequence,the rural residents'marginal propensity to consume in China's four regions takes on"multi-U-form"fluctuation trend,and the rural residents'marginal propensity to consume in different regions has certain difference,while the urban residents'marginal propensity to consume takes on low-frequency broad width fluctuation trend;the urban-rural residents'average marginal propensity to consume in China's four regions conforms to the law of diminishing.In order to increase consumption and promote the balanced rapid development of regional economy,in light of the urban-rural difference and characteristics of different regions,we should propound effective measures to promote urban-rural residents'propensity to consume,and formulate and implement regional policy in order to stimulate consumption.
基金Under the auspices of the Funding Project of Northeast Geological S&T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey(No.QCJJ2024-11)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2025-BS-0873)+1 种基金Liaoning Provincial Joint Science and Technology Program(No.2024-MSLH-507)National Social Science Foundation of China(No.23ATJ006)。
文摘Promoting urban-rural integration and facilitating the bidirectional flow of urban and rural elements are core spatial objectives in the new era of China.The urban-rural fringe represents the region with the most intense interaction between urban and rural areas,serving as a key zone for breaking down barriers and promoting urban-rural integration.Based on a systematic review of representative case studies and scholarly literature,this paper synthesizes the evolving research perspectives on the urban-rural fringe,with particular attention to how data-driven approaches that integrate official statistics,remote sensing imagery,points of interest,and mobile phone signaling data have advanced the characterization of fringe features,refined identification methods,and revealed emerging developmental trends through spatial clustering and machine learning classification.It proposes an integrated analytical framework encompassing administrative boundaries,economic metabolism,social activities,material infrastructure,and the ecological environment.The paper further examines the characteristics and emerging development trends of urban-rural fringe areas and advances a set of strategic directions to support urban-rural integration and more efficient resource allocation.These include expanding analytical dimensions,enhancing data integration,refining identification criteria,elucidating mechanisms of internal and external interactions,and strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration.Collectively,these efforts offer actionable insights for optimizing public service delivery,directing infrastructure investment in transportation and utilities,delineating ecological conservation boundaries,and implementing place-based socioeconomic revitalization strategies in the urban-rural fringe regions.
基金Under the auspices of Project of Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education(No.23YJC790127)Major projects of the National Social Science Fund(No.18ZDA045)。
文摘The Chinese government’s common prosperity policy has inspired a series of rural development initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities between urban and rural areas.Zhejiang Province was designated as the first demonstration zone in China’s pursuit of common prosperity.To explore the demonstration effect of rural development on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas,this study adopts the Theil index to measure urban-rural income disparity levels and explores spatial evolution patterns of the income disparity in 52 counties of Zhejiang Province,China from 2011 to 2020.The spatial Durbin model is also used to investigate the impact of rural development on the urban-rural income disparity.The results show that:1)Urban-rural income disparities have gradually narrowed.Moreover,income disparities across the province are spatially clustered from north to south.Narrowing the gap between mountainous and non-mountainous counties is imperative for resolving these spatial imbalances in the short term.2)Rural development reduces urban-rural income disparity levels and generates economic and technological spillover effects,as evidenced by the phenomenon where development in one county leads to reduced income disparities in neighboring counties.3)The technological innovation enhances the co-development of rural industries through technological diffusion effects,further strengthening rural development.Finally,enhancing the ecological environment synergizes with rural development to reduce urban-rural income disparities.The research results provide policy implications for narrowing the urban-rural income disparity and promoting common prosperity.
文摘Objective: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) theory was used to assess the health quality of elderly residents in Southwest China. This was done by using the European Five-Dimensional Health Scale in a comprehensive manner and by analysing the factors influencing it. The findings will provide new perspectives and ideas for improving the health-related quality of life of the elderly population and enhancing the precise health management of elderly residents. Methods: The response data of 1892 elderly residents in southwestern China were included in the analysis based on the CLHLS data. The factors influencing the occurrence of problems, EQ-VAS scores and health utility values were analysed by logistic regression, multiple linear regression and Tobit regression, respectively. Results: The primary health concerns among the elderly population in the Southwest region were limited ability to perform daily activities and pain or discomfort. These individuals exhibited an EQ-VAS self-assessment score of 66.51 ± 14.87 and a health utility value of 0.87 (0.70, 1.00). Gender, age, regular medical check-ups, exercise habits and the prevalence of chronic diseases are the main influencing factors. Conclusions: The health quality of elderly people in Southwest China needs to be improved, and a comprehensive management strategy can be adopted in terms of lifestyle management, health needs management and disease management to improve the quality of their healthy lives and promote the development of healthy ageing.
基金Research into the Spatiotemporal Patterns and Driving Mechanisms of the Deep Integration between the Cultural and Tourism Industries in the Digital Era(Project No.:2024SJZD124)a major project for the philosophy and social sciences research of Jiangsu universities,and the Research on the Mechanism and Practical Pathways for the High-Quality Development of Jiangsu’s Digital Cultural Industry Driven by the Humanistic Economy(Project No.:24EYB006)a project under the Jiangsu Social Science Fund.
文摘Integrated urban-rural development is a crucial stage in the development of China’s urban-rural relations and is essential for Chinese modernization.In the digital era,the cultural tourism industry has the potential to promote integrated urban-rural development through multidimensional integration mechanisms,including cultural exchanges,resource sharing,and industrial linkages.Specifically,by innovating cultural tourism development models,the efficiency of labor allocation between urban and rural areas can be improved,fostering the transformation of rural cultural tourism and its related industries.By expanding the cultural tourism scenarios,new spaces for rural cultural consumption can be constructed,which would help to reduce urban and rural consumption disparities.By establishing cultural tourism development platforms and facilitating the sharing of data elements,the coordinated development of urban and rural public cultural services can be promoted,which would reduce the service gaps between urban and rural areas.By leveraging smart city construction to drive the development of the rural digital infrastructure,integrated urban-rural development,guided by a“digital+”approach,can then be fostered and help to reduce urban and rural development gaps.Building on this foundation,the digital transformation of cultural tourism will advance industrial linkages,resource sharing,factor mobility,and spatial co-creation within urban and rural cultural tourism,gradually realizing integrated urban-rural development and ultimately driving rural revitalization and fostering common prosperity.
基金support from grants by the Shanghai Songjiang District Science and Technology Research Project(2023SJKJGG37)the Key Discipline Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(2024ZDXK0050)the Key Medical Discipline Project of Songjiang District(24SJYXZDA04).
文摘Objective:The anesthesia residency training system is designed to provide supervised practice,enabling residents to progress from simple to complex procedures and higher-risk patients.However,it remains unclear whether residents acquire sufficient competence to be considered qualified anesthesiologists by the end of their training.This study aimed to evaluate whether anesthesia care provided by supervised CA-5 residents affects postoperative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from elderly patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery between January 2020 and December 2021 at Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.Patients were categorized into two groups:those managed by CA-5 residents(Resident group,n=294)and those managed by attending anesthesiologists(Attending group,n=521).Propensity score matching(PSM;1:1)was used to ensure comparability between the groups.The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital postoperative complications.Secondary outcomes included intraoperative hemodynamic changes,the need for intensive care unit(ICU)admission,length of ICU and hospital stays,and in-hospital mortality.Multivariable logistic regression assessed the adjusted association between anesthesia provider type and postoperative morbidity and mortality.Results:Among the 815 elderly patients included,105(12.9%)experienced postoperative complications and 22(2.7%)died during hospitalization.No significant differences were observed in postoperative complications or mortality between the two groups,either before PSM(morbidity:11.9%vs.13.4%,p=0.531;mortality:3.7%vs.2.1%,p=0.168)or after PSM(morbidity:12.0%vs.14.4%,p=0.392;mortality:3.8%vs.1.4%,p=0.067).Multivariate analysis confirmed that postoperative morbidity and mortality were not significantly associated with resident involvement,either before PSM(morbidity:OR=0.882,95%CI:0.552-1.410,p=0.600;mortality:OR=1.293,95%CI:0.479-3.492,p=0.612)or after PSM(morbidity:OR=0.881,95%CI:0.523-1.486,p=0.636;mortality:OR=3.122,95%CI:0.805-12.106,p=0.100).Conclusions:Postoperative morbidity and mortality rates in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery are comparable between those anesthetized by supervised CA-5 residents and those managed by attending anesthesiologists.These results suggest that supervised CA-5 residents do not adversely affect patient safety.
基金supported in part by the 2025 Yanbian University College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program.
文摘Background:Despite self-determination theory’s prominence,few studies examine BPN in China’s ethnic frontier regions.Therefore,this study investigates and analyzes the current situation of community residents with different demographic characteristics in Yanbian in the three basic psychological needs of competency needs,autonomy needs and attribution needs,so as to provide reference for the construction of community service in Yanbian area.Methods:A survey was conducted among 234 residents in four communities in Yanbian from September to October 2024.The equal probability random sampling method was used to collect data by using a general information questionnaire and basic psychological demand scale,and SPSS 28.0 was used for analysis.Through single factor analysis,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis,the influencing factors and correlation of basic psychological needs of community residents in Yanbian area were discussed.Results:The basic psychological needs of residents were above the middle level;there is a significant positive correlation between economic status and the three dimensions of basic psychological needs(P<0.001).There is a significant positive correlation between the three dimensions of competence demand(β=2.028,P<0.001),autonomy demand(β=2.022,P<0.001),and attribution demand(β=2.693,P<0.001).Conclusion:The satisfaction degree of basic psychological needs of community residents in Yanbian is significantly affected by economic situation,which urges nurses to advocate for economic empowerment programs in community health and provides an empirical basis for the construction of a psychological service system in this area.At the same time,it is proposed that the region can respond by improving social support and improving employment results.
基金supported by the High-Level Public Health Specialized Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Health Commission(YFH,2024-3-028)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(YFH,72061137007)SHV is supported,in part,by U.S.National Institutes of Health(P30CA016359).
文摘Background:Cervical and breast cancers are among the top 4 leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women.This study aimed to examine age-specific temporal trends in mortality for cervical and breast cancers in urban and rural areas of China from 2009 to 2021.Methods:Age-specific mortality data for cervical and breast cancers among Chinese women aged 20-84 years were obtained from China’s National Disease Surveillance Points system spanning the years 2009 to 2021.Negative binomial regression models were utilized to assess urban-rural differences in mortality rate ratios,while Joinpoint models with estimated average annual percent changes(AAPC)and slopes were employed to compare temporal trends and the acceleration of mortality rates within different age groups.Results:From 2009 to 2021,there was a relative increase in age-specific mortality associated with the two cancers observed in rural areas compared with urban areas.A rising trend in the screening age of 35-64[AAPC:4.0%,95%confidence interval(CI)0.5-7.6,P=0.026]for cervical cancer was noted in rural areas,while a stable trend(AAPC:-0.7%,95%CI-5.8 to 4.6,P=0.780)was observed in urban areas.As for breast cancer,a stable trend(AAPC:0.3%,95%CI-0.3 to 0.9,P=0.280)was observed in rural areas compared to a decreasing trend(AAPC:-2.7%,95%CI-4.6 to-0.7,P=0.007)in urban areas.Urban-rural differences in mortality rates increased over time for cervical cancer but decreased for breast cancer.Mortality trends for both cervical and breast cancers showed an increase with age across 4 segments,with the most significant surge in mortality observed among the 35-54 age group across urban and rural areas,periods,and regions in China.Conclusions:Special attention should be given to women aged 35-54 years due to mortality trends and rural-urban disparities.Focusing on vulnerable age groups and addressing rural-urban differences in the delivery of cancer control programs can enhance resource efficiency and promote health equity.
基金the Research on the Original Contribution and Global Significance of the Concept of Community with a Shared Future for Mankind from a Historical Materialist Perspective(Project No.:20&ZD026)a major project of the National Social Science Foundation of China.
文摘Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-sectoral challenges in urban-rural relations,and plays an important role in implementing the new development philosophy,which promotes Chinese modernization.The theoretical logic supporting the function it plays in enabling Chinese modernization lies in the following aspects:it leverages the free flow of population and resources between urban and rural areas and thus facilitates the balanced development of China’s modernization;it advances the common prosperity of all people through its new type of urban-rural and industrial-agricultural relations;it fosters the coordinated development of the material and spiritual civilizations through the integration of urban and rural cultures;it promotes steering the modernization toward green development through the joint building and managing of the overall urban-rural ecosystem;and it drives modernization in a harmonious and stable direction through integrated urban-rural development.Currently,integrated urban-rural development still faces challenges such as restrictions on the two-way flow of factors,the low efficiency of industrial coordination and support,unequal access to public service facilities,and the insufficient use of land.Therefore,based on the strategic framework of urban-rural integrated development,it is necessary to continuously promote Chinese modernization through high-quality integrated urban-rural development from the perspectives of deepening institutional coordination,expanding the application of digital intelligence in urban and rural industries,optimizing public services,and improving land management.
基金Research on the Construction of a Course Ideological and Political Education System and Evaluation Framework for the“Traditional Chinese Medicine Internal Medicine”Course(Project No.:2025J0459)Open Research Fund Program of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese(Project No.:CWCD2023-002,CWCD2023-003&CWCD2023-009)+2 种基金Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and TreatmentYunnan 047 Key Laboratory of Yi Dai Medicine and Yi Medicine(Project No.:2024SS24047)Yunnan 025 Key Laboratory of Yi Dai Medicine and Yi Medicine(Project No.:2024SS24025)。
文摘Standardized residency training programs primarily focus on developing clinical diagnostic and treatment skills,often allocating limited time to research activities.However,enhancing research skills is of paramount importance for residents,as it fosters critical thinking,problem-solving abilities,and a deeper understanding of applying scientific principles to clinical practice.This paper explores the necessity and significance of integrating research training into residency programs,emphasizing its role in cultivating well-rounded physicians capable of advancing medical knowledge.This study proposes a competency-based research training model that encompasses research literacy,study design,biostatistics,and scientific writing.Additionally,online asynchronous training modules,robust mentorship,and balanced time management strategies are recommended to enhance residents’research engagement without compromising clinical training.By implementing these measures,residency programs can improve residents’research capabilities,contributing to both individual professional growth and the broader advancement of medical science.
基金Research on the Measurement and Influencing Factors of Carbon Inclusive Literacy of Chongqing Residents under the“ Dual Carbon”Goal(S2024115001011)。
文摘In the context of the global“double carbon”goal,this article uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Multiple Linear Regression combined with a survey questionnaire to study the issue of carbon literacy among residents in Chongqing.The weights of each dimension are determined to promote the formation of a good situation of multi-party collaborative promotion and help achieve the“double carbon”goal.The level of carbon literacy reflects the residents’understanding of carbon literacy and has important significance for economic and social operation and environmental protection.The results indicate that the deepening of the concept of carbon inclusiveness and the continuous advancement of technology will lead to a continuous process of improving the carbon inclusiveness literacy of Chongqing residents.Corresponding suggestions are proposed on how to improve the carbon inclusiveness literacy of Chongqing residents,which is of great research significance.
基金General Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Jiangsu Universities"Research on the Long-term Mechanism for Expanding Consumption Demand of Rural Residents in Jiangsu Province during the Historical Convergence Period of the Two Centenary Goals"(2022SJYB0493).
文摘Based on the empirical analysis of the income and consumption of rural residents,the present paper discusses the reasons for the weak growth of income and the lagging consumption of rural residents in China.Finally,it comes up with some recommendations and measures to increase the income of rural residents,promote the consumption of rural residents,and open up the rural market.
基金Survey and Analysis on Humanistic Care Experience and Influencing Factors of Elderly Residents in 3 Integrated Medical and Nursing Institutions in Guangyuan City(Project No.:24SCLN055)。
文摘This empirical study examines the integration of medical and elderly care services in Guangyuan City through stratified random sampling,targeting 283 eligible residents aged 60+from three representative integrated institutions.The research employed a self-designed questionnaire titled“Humanistic Care Experience and Demand Influencing Factors”to collect subjective perceptions regarding basic care,psychological support,health education,and social interaction using a Likert five-point scale.Descriptive statistics,one-way ANOVA,and multiple regression modeling were conducted with SPSS 25.0 software.Results indicated that overall humanistic care experience scores were moderately high,with the“caregiving”dimension scoring highest and“psychological/social support”the lowest.Analysis revealed significant correlations between educational attainment,income,self-reported health status,and family support frequency(P<0.001),particularly among seniors with higher education,better health,and stronger family support.While integrated care facilities provide relatively comprehensive basic care,they should focus on addressing gaps in humanistic services,especially providing targeted support for groups with“low education,low income,poor health,and lack of family support.”
基金Sponsored by 2025 Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(S202510009022)2025 Teaching Reform Project(10805136025XN072-055).
文摘In the context of modern governance of megacities,community cultural communication not only serves as a frontier for disseminating mainstream values and cultivating a sense of community but also constitutes a critical variable affecting residents’daily sense of fulfillment,well-being,and satisfaction.Drawing on Beijing’s public policy documents,government procurement information,official media reports,and academic survey data during 2023-2025,this study systematically mapped the city-level community cultural communication system.Taking Guangning Sub-district and Pingguoyuan Sub-district in Shijingshan District as typical cases,it compared their practical approaches and residents’feedback,evaluated their respective strengths and shortcomings,and put forward policy recommendations centered on“precision matching of supply and demand,diversified integration of resources,and closed-loop management of evaluation.”These suggestions aimed to provide a reference for optimizing grassroots cultural governance in Beijing.
文摘Objective:To enhance the reading skills of clinical pathology residents,it is essential to establish a well-structured electronic pathology reading library.Methods:In accordance with the Resident Standardization Training Content and Standards(2022 Edition),clinical pathology residents are required to master pathological diagnoses across 11 systems:skin,head and neck,mediastinum and respiratory,digestive,urinary and male reproductive,female reproductive and breast,lymphatic and hematopoietic,bone and soft tissue,cardiovascular,central nervous,and endocrine diseases.Senior pathologists specializing in each subspecialty selected classic pathological slides,which were systematically scanned and compiled into an electronic pathology library.Results:A questionnaire survey was conducted to gather feedback on the electronic pathology reading library.Residents generally found it to be convenient,efficient,and conducive to learning.Conclusion:Training in clinical pathology diagnosis is a core component of standardized resident training.The electronic pathology reading library has been well-received and recognized by resident doctors.However,further efforts are needed to explore diverse teaching methods that align with modern educational approaches,ultimately contributing to the development of highly skilled resident doctors.
基金the“Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research,Tunis,Tunisia”for financial support.
文摘Little is known about differences in physical activity among children from urban and rural areas in low-to middleincome countries and some previous investigations revealed disparities in physical activity levels among children and adolescents residing in urban and rural environments.We aimed to:(i)assess the proportion of preschoolaged children(3.0-4.9 years)meeting the global movement guidelines,(ii)evaluate the feasibility of the methods for the SUNRISE study,(iii)examine gender-and urban-rural differences in health and behavior outcomes.Urban and rural location was based on national classifications.Physical activity(waist-worn ActiGraph);sleep duration,screen time and movement behaviors;Gross and fine motor skills(Lower body strength and mobility,Supine-Timed up and go[S-TUG],One-leg standing balance test,hand grip dynamometer,9-hole pegboard test);and executive functions(visual-spatial working memory and inhibition)were assessed in 112 preschoolers(n=50 boys,33 urban),(n=62 girls,41 urban).The results showed that only 18% of children met all movement guidelines,with 53% and 41%meeting the recommendations for sedentary screen time and total physical activity,respectively.A large proportion of children(81%)met the recommended sleep duration of 10-13 hours(h)per day.There is a clear need to promote healthy movement behaviours among preschool-aged children through targeted interventions that address their unique challenges related to gender and urban/rural residence.
基金supported by Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Science and Technology Development Fund Project(NO.XHMS202404)Nanjing Medical Science and Technology Development Fund Project(GBX22289).
文摘Objectives:Although standardized residency trainees are at high risk for depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation,the psychological pathways connecting depression and anxiety to suicidal ideation,especially the moderating role of resilience,remain elusive.This study aimed to examine the associations between depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation among physicians undergoing standardized residency training,and to investigate the moderating roles of different dimensions of individual resilience,namely tenacity,strength,and optimism.Methods:A convenience sampling method was adopted to recruit 133 resident physicians.Validated instruments assessing individual resilience,depressive symptoms,anxiety levels,and suicidal ideation were administered.Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationships among the variables.Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to assess the moderating roles of tenacity,strength,and optimism in the associations between depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation.Results:Depressive symptoms and anxiety levels were both positively associated with suicidal ideation(p<0.001).All three resilience dimensions were negatively correlated with suicidal ideation(tenacity:r=−0.504,strength:r=−0.477,optimism:r=−0.440,all p<0.001).Tenacity,strength,and optimism significantly moderated the associations between depression and suicidal ideation(all p<0.05).When resilience levels in these dimensions were high,the associations between depression and suicidal ideation were weaker.Strength and optimism also moderated the associations between anxiety and suicidal ideation(strength:p=0.028,optimism:p=0.028).When the resiliences(strength and optimism)were high,the associations between anxiety and suicidal ideation were weaker.Conclusion:Individual resilience,particularly in the dimensions of tenacity,strength,and optimism,may serve as protective correlates for physicians in training,being associated with weaker relationships between depression,anxiety,and suicidal ideation.These findings highlight the potential value of resilience-enhancing strategies in clinical training settings,although causal inferences cannot be drawn due to the cross-sectional design.
基金Major Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China“Historical Collation and Research of Cultural Exchanges Between Chinese and Foreign Craftsmen Along the Silk Road”(Approval No.22&ZD227)the Planning Project of Shaanxi Art Institute“Research on National Cultural Park Design”(Project No.YG2025001)part of the phased outcomes of the“Shaanxi Special Support Program for High-Level Talents”(Project Approval No.21HH02).
文摘The distinctive landscape of Zhujiayu Ancient Village in Zhangqiu District,Ji’nan,together with its long-established cultural traditions,has shaped a unique vernacular settlement character,within which traditional dwellings serve as a primary medium of regional culture.This study examines the residence of Zhu Fengyin,a jinshi degree holder,and adopts field investigation and measured drawing-based analysis.Discussion is organized around three dimensions:an overview of the dwelling,architectural form,and cultural expression.Particular attention is given to the multi-stage,multi-bay compound configuration developed in a mountainous setting,terrain-adaptive courtyard forms,and construction techniques.The analysis further interprets the concepts of ritual order and auspicious symbolism embedded in architectural decoration.By using this representative case,the study aims to deepen understanding of the architectural culture of gentry dwellings in the Ji’nan region and to provide an academic basis for the conservation and inheritance of traditional dwellings in the Ji’nan area.
基金supported by Ministry of Science and Technology China Brain Initiative Grant,No.2022ZD0204702(to ZY)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82371357(to LC)+2 种基金Foundation for Military Medicine,No.16QNP085(to ZY)Navy Medical University Basic Medical College“Yi Zhang”Basic Medical Talent Development and Support Program,Nos.JCYZRC-D-022(to TC)and JCYZRC-D-024(to HD)Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund of Shanghai Baoshan District,No.2023-E-05(to YW).
文摘Macrophages in the brain barrier system include microglia in the brain parenchyma,border-associated macrophages at the brain’s borders,and recruited macrophages.They are responsible for neural development,maintenance of homeostasis,and orchestrating immune responses.With the rapid exploitation and development of new technologies,there is a deeper understanding of macrophages in the brain barrier system.Here we review the origin,development,important molecules,and functions of macrophages,mainly focusing on microglia and border-associated macrophages.We also highlight some advances in single-cell sequencing and significant cell markers.We anticipate that more advanced methods will emerge to study resident and recruited macrophages in the future,opening new horizons for neuroimmunology and related peripheral immune fields.
