Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-...Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-sectoral challenges in urban-rural relations,and plays an important role in implementing the new development philosophy,which promotes Chinese modernization.The theoretical logic supporting the function it plays in enabling Chinese modernization lies in the following aspects:it leverages the free flow of population and resources between urban and rural areas and thus facilitates the balanced development of China’s modernization;it advances the common prosperity of all people through its new type of urban-rural and industrial-agricultural relations;it fosters the coordinated development of the material and spiritual civilizations through the integration of urban and rural cultures;it promotes steering the modernization toward green development through the joint building and managing of the overall urban-rural ecosystem;and it drives modernization in a harmonious and stable direction through integrated urban-rural development.Currently,integrated urban-rural development still faces challenges such as restrictions on the two-way flow of factors,the low efficiency of industrial coordination and support,unequal access to public service facilities,and the insufficient use of land.Therefore,based on the strategic framework of urban-rural integrated development,it is necessary to continuously promote Chinese modernization through high-quality integrated urban-rural development from the perspectives of deepening institutional coordination,expanding the application of digital intelligence in urban and rural industries,optimizing public services,and improving land management.展开更多
Understanding the urban-rural development mechanism is critical for implementing rural revival and new-type urbanization.However,it remains a challenge to quantify the urban-rural integrated development level(URIDL)an...Understanding the urban-rural development mechanism is critical for implementing rural revival and new-type urbanization.However,it remains a challenge to quantify the urban-rural integrated development level(URIDL)and its impact factors.Hence,we constructed an assessment system for the URIDL from spatial,economic,social,life,and ecological integration.The spatial autocorrelation and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to assess the spatiotemporal variation of the URIDL and the trade-off synergistic relationship among the subsystems at the provincial scale in China using socio-economic statistical data from 2000 to 2020.A spatial panel quantile regression model was used to analyze the driving mechanism.The results showed that the URIDL of China increased by 0.19%from 2000 to 2020,and a high-high(H-H)spatial agglomeration pattern occurred in the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions.Spatial integration significantly contributed to the other subsystems,whereas economic integration had a significant negative impact on the other subsystems in the eastern coastal and southwestern regions.Per capita Gross Domestic Product(GDP)improved the URIDL,whereas other factors,such as fiscal revenue decentralization,had inhibiting effects.Notably,the impact of factors on URIDL varies across different quantiles.Finally,we proposed policy recommendations for differentiated improvement of URIDL based on its evolution and regional development level during the research period.展开更多
The urban and rural areas are regarded as two major components of the regional economic system.Only through joint balanced development of the two can we achieve overall economic optimization and social welfare maximiz...The urban and rural areas are regarded as two major components of the regional economic system.Only through joint balanced development of the two can we achieve overall economic optimization and social welfare maximization.But the great social division of labor has separated urban areas from rural areas,which casts the shadow of city-oriented theory on cooperative relations between urban and rural areas.Mutual separation between urban and rural settlements and independent development trigger off a range of social problems.We must undertake guidance through rational development path of urban-rural integration,to eliminate the phenomenon of urban-rural dual structure,and promote the sustainable development of population,resources and environment in urban and rural areas as soon as possible.展开更多
The development of rural areas usually has a positive impact on the urban-rural integration. This study explores an innovative approach to stimulate rural development by proposing qualified villages as central village...The development of rural areas usually has a positive impact on the urban-rural integration. This study explores an innovative approach to stimulate rural development by proposing qualified villages as central villages that can provide basic urban services for their residents and residents of neighboring villages. This approach can contribute to overcoming the various problems that rural areas faced at the social, economic, and environmental levels. It seeks to achieve spatial sustainability of rural areas, representing a new approach by integrating urban development methods to revitalize rural villages. The study analyzed 15 villages belonging to Abbasiya District of AL Kufa City in the Najaf Governorate of Iraq. Based on the GIS techniques and the analysis of urban service indicators(village population, percentage of urban building materials used in villages, distance between village and health centers, distance between village and main roads, nature of economic activity, distance between village and educational institutions, distance between village and drinking water sources, number of communication towers, and distance between village and urban administrative center), this study proposed that Abu Gharb and Albu Ghraib can served as central villages in Abbasiya District in the future. This study establishes a new rural spatial structure to achieve rural sustainable development, improves the development status of rural areas, and provides a theoretical basis for the government and relevant institutions to use urban service indicators, achieving rural sustainable development and formulating relevant development policies in Abbasiya District.展开更多
Chengdu and Chongqing,as two core cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle,have always been in the front rank of development and reform of urban-rural integration in China.But due to different basic conditions,...Chengdu and Chongqing,as two core cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle,have always been in the front rank of development and reform of urban-rural integration in China.But due to different basic conditions,ideas and priorities are different in the two cities.This paper establishes an analysis framework based on system theory,conducts a systematic comparison on the development and reform of urban-rural integration in the two cities to achieve a comprehensive comparison study and finds out that:(a) Owing to different basic conditions,Chengdu and Chongqing have adopted different reform ideas and measures.Chengdu places more emphasis on systematic advancement,while Chongqing attaches more importance to key breakthroughs.(b) Chengdu’s high level shows that in the practice of urban-rural integration,independent policies and measures in local areas have limited effects.System efficiency can surpass the sum of local areas’ efficiencies only if a systematic method is adopted to comprehensively promote policies and measures for institutional innovations in various fields.展开更多
The environmental impact issues,such as global warming and expansion of the urban zone,seem more serious and have become the biggest defining challenges of the 21st century.Climate change can lead to water shortages,d...The environmental impact issues,such as global warming and expansion of the urban zone,seem more serious and have become the biggest defining challenges of the 21st century.Climate change can lead to water shortages,desertification,land degradation,air pollution,rising sea levels,accelerated deforestation,and exacerbated economic pressures.Global urban growth greatly impacts changes in sociability,humanity,and the environment of the Earth.The human presence,especially in cities,seriously affects resource use and waste disposal,and they are consuming natural resources faster than the planet can sustain during urbanization,changing how people live.China,with a population of 1.3 billion,has seen tens of millions of people living in the countryside migrate to cities,especially megacities,since the 1980s.As a result of its decision to industrialize and urbanize to boost the economy,China has become the world’s second-largest consumer of energy.In recent years,China’s government has quickly recognized the lessons of“limits to growth”and has taken action by initiating the construction process in Dongtan,Shanghai,China.They are making efforts to build urban-rural integration communities to promote sustainable development.Based on a literature review focusing on Dongtan,research questions are raised according to the research objective:(1)What are the challenges of sustainable development in urban-rural integration?(2)What practices has Dongtan implemented for sustainable development,or how is sustainable development being applied to Dongtan?(3)What are the social,political,environmental,and economic concerns regarding the sustainable development of Dongtan?The sustainable urban-rural integration concerns the ecological,economic,environmental,and psychological aspects of urban-rural integration design and management.The overall objective is to promote sustainable development in economic,social,ecological,and spatial dimensions.It will be a liveable,complete community that makes economic,environmental,and social sense locally while also contributing to national and global sustainable development.It will serve as a compelling model for how to build sustainable urban-rural integration worldwide.展开更多
The connotation of urban-rural integration,its construction courses,construction modes in China and abroad are introduced in this study,the problems emerging from the urban-rural integration practices are analyzed,and...The connotation of urban-rural integration,its construction courses,construction modes in China and abroad are introduced in this study,the problems emerging from the urban-rural integration practices are analyzed,and strategies for the urban-rural integration in China are proposed.展开更多
Urban-rural integration (URI) is a global challenge that is highly related to inequalities, poverty, economic growth, and other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Existing research has evaluated the extent of URI a...Urban-rural integration (URI) is a global challenge that is highly related to inequalities, poverty, economic growth, and other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Existing research has evaluated the extent of URI and explored its influencing factors, but urban-rural linkages are seldom incorporated in evaluation systems, and geographical factors are rarely recognized as the influencing factors. We construct a URI framework including regional economy, rural development, urban-rural linkage, and urban-rural gap. Based on a dataset consisting of 1,669 counties in China in 2020, we reveal the spatial pattern of URI and find a high correlation between the spatial pattern of URI and the relief degree of land surface (RDLS). Using structural equation modeling, we discover that topography has direct ( − 0.18, p < 0.001) and indirect ( − 0.17, p < 0.001) effects on URI. The indirect negative effects are mediated through the infrastructure, and the combination of localized advantages and modern technical conditions could mitigate the negative impact of topography. Finally, we identify 742 counties as lagging regions in URI, which can be clustered into eight types. Our findings could facilitate policy designing for those countries striving for integrated and sustainable development of urban and rural areas.展开更多
The suburbs surrounding metropolitan areas are the priority area for urban-rural integration development where functional optimization is essential to reconcile growing urban demands with sustainable rural development...The suburbs surrounding metropolitan areas are the priority area for urban-rural integration development where functional optimization is essential to reconcile growing urban demands with sustainable rural development.Rural functions are changing substantially and vary significantly across areas in the practice of high-quality urban-rural integration development era.How to make use of the advantages of different rural functions and achieve optimized combination of functions are actual problems that urgently need to be solved.The paper analyzed the process of urban-rural integration through the identification of urban-rural integration interfaces and evaluated the multifunctional transformation of rural areas in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle(CCEC)with a fixed weight evaluation model.The differences in rural functions analyzed with the Theil index reveals the characteristics and sources of differences in the“production-living-ecology-culture”functional areas in the CCEC.The research results show that:(1)The spatial distribution characteristics of rural functions in the CCEC are obvious,and agricultural production clusters dominate the Chengdu Plain and eastern Chongqing,contrasting with ecological conservation zones along the Yangtze River system,while cultural heritage hubs concentrate in economically vibrant tourism corridors.(2)The overall regional differences in rural functions are mainly due to intra-regional differences;in terms of the contribution rate,the contribution rate of intra-regional differences in agricultural production,ecological conservation,and cultural heritage functions is much larger than that of inter-regional differences,whereas the inter-regional differences in human living functions are larger than those of intra-regional differences.(3)Based on the research results,the study area is divided into 14 functional types,which can provide scientific basis for improving the spatial layout and high-quality development of rural functions in the CCEC.These insights advance theoretical understanding of mountainous-urban transitional areas while informing practical strategies for high-quality integrated development.展开更多
Urban-rural integrated development is the priority task of China due to the wide development gap between cities and villages caused by the most rapid economic growth in history.In the province-city-town-village admini...Urban-rural integrated development is the priority task of China due to the wide development gap between cities and villages caused by the most rapid economic growth in history.In the province-city-town-village administrative system of China,town,as the smallest urban form,is the social,economic,and cultural center of a rural area and becomes the key to many development problems.An improved township enhances living standards and creates numerous jobs in rural areas,and it will provide opportunities for urban-rural sustainable integration.This paper introduces three typical rural forms in Nantong and demonstrates the objective fact that rural form is an important manifestation of residents,living habits,historical context,and the regional characteristics of rural areas.Then,this study aims to find the close inner relationship between rural form and town development through a comparative study of morphological indicators.Therefore,on the basis of full understanding of rural forms,this study proposes that town development from the perspective of serving the countryside,improving the quality of life of rural residents,and protecting the rural landscape texture with regional characteristics is the development mode conforming to the spirit of sustainable development.展开更多
The discussion of common prosperity in this paper revolves around the following two aspects. First, the promotion of common prosperity requires a solid material foundation;solving poverty as measured by the absolute i...The discussion of common prosperity in this paper revolves around the following two aspects. First, the promotion of common prosperity requires a solid material foundation;solving poverty as measured by the absolute income standard serves as the basic requirement of becoming rich;the future rural relative poverty is a common problem and challenge that most of China’s provinces are facing;and increasing farmers’ income is a problem that must be solved within the framework of integrated urban-rural development. Second, narrowing the income gap is one of the essential requirements of common prosperity;narrowing the income gap to a certain level and achieving the unity of the development and sharing and the harmony of efficiency and fairness constitute the essential component of “common”;and the current urban-rural absolute income gap in China remains large, which violates the concept of shared development, is not conducive to sharing the achievements of economic development by the people as a whole, inhibits economic growth, and hinders the construction of a new development paradigm. Therefore, firmly grasping the mainline of integrated urban-rural development, strengthening overall planning and top-level design, and compensating for the institutional disadvantages of the dual division of urban and rural areas should be the main strategic focuses for promoting common prosperity in China.展开更多
Coordinating Urban and Rural Development in China:Learning from Chengdu Authors:Ye Yumin,Richard Le Gates Year:2013Publisher:Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN:9781781952023(424 pages,in English)Urban and rural integration,...Coordinating Urban and Rural Development in China:Learning from Chengdu Authors:Ye Yumin,Richard Le Gates Year:2013Publisher:Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN:9781781952023(424 pages,in English)Urban and rural integration,i.e.,how to deal with the issues of urban and rural disparities,urban and rural development,farmers,agriculture,migrant workers(or urban,industrial new immigrants),展开更多
The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.U...The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.Understanding the complexity of these interactions and their multidimensional drivers is essential for deciphering the mechanisms of integrated urban-rural development.Here,we apply a novel hierarchical spatial system framework based on the human-Earth system,combining social network analysis and multi-level modeling,to examine the evolution of the socio-spatial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2020.We developed a comprehensive evaluation system spanning economic,social,environmental,and infrastructural dimensions to characterize spatial patterns across multiple network levels,including city clusters,metropolitan areas,municipal-counties,towns,and villages.Our analysis reveals three key findings:First,the density of foundational network connections increased significantly,reflecting a trend toward spatial concentration driven by policy-led regional integration.Second,network structures at the city-cluster and metropolitan scales exhibited a pattern of“initial expansion followed by convergence”,accompanied by notable shifts in their spatial centers of gravity.In parallel,differentiated patterns of agglomeration and expansion were evident in the township-and village-level networks of Baoding,Tangshan,and Handan,while village-level networks in Anxin,Quyang,and other locations demonstrated distinct developmental trends.Third,community structures demonstrated strong functional homophily and interactive cohesion across multiple dimensions,with metropolitan and township communities undergoing restructuring that reflects a reconfiguration of cross-level influence and functional coupling.Spatially,the system manifests as a gradient structure of interwoven point,line,and area networks,establishing a mechanism for functional differentiation and transmission from rural to urban areas.This study provides theoretical foundations and methodological support for understanding the spatial organization logic of integrated urban-rural development,offering practical reference value for advancing regional coordination and rural revitalization in a scientifically informed manner.展开更多
Urban-rural integration is an advanced form resulting from the future evolution of urban-rural relationships.Nevertheless,little research has explored whether urban and rural areas can move from dual segmentation to i...Urban-rural integration is an advanced form resulting from the future evolution of urban-rural relationships.Nevertheless,little research has explored whether urban and rural areas can move from dual segmentation to integrated development from a theoretical or empirical perspective.Based on the research framework of welfare economics,which offers an appealing paradigm to frame the underlying game between cities and villages,this study clarifies the ideal state of urban-rural integration.It then proposes a series of basic assumptions,and constructs a corresponding objective function and its constraints.Moreover,it assesses the possibility of seeing the transmutation from division to integration between urban and rural areas with continuous socio-economic development.The authors argue that the ideal state of urban-rural integration should be a Pareto-driven optimal allocation of urban-rural resources and outputs,and the maximization of social welfare in the entire region.Based on a systematic demonstration using mathematical models,the study proposes that urban and rural areas can enter this ideal integrated development pattern when certain parameter conditions are met.In general,this study demonstrates the theoretical logic and scientific foundations of urban-rural integration,enriches theoretical studies about urban-rural relationships,and provides basic theoretical support for large developing countries to build a coordinated and orderly urban-rural community with a shared future.展开更多
With the rapid development of the social economy,the pace of urban-rural integration construction has been accelerating continuously.From the actual situation at this stage,it is necessary to maintain the sound relati...With the rapid development of the social economy,the pace of urban-rural integration construction has been accelerating continuously.From the actual situation at this stage,it is necessary to maintain the sound relationship of coordination,interaction and mutual advance between the city and the village.In the process of building urban-rural integration,we should focus on strengthening the development of land management,so as to improve the rationality of land development and utilization,and maximize the value of land while protecting rural farmland resources.The author explores and analyzes the problems existing in the land management work in the urban-rural integration construction.An effective way is put forward to carry out land management work in urban and rural integration construction,which contributes to the improvement of the quality of land management work.展开更多
The implementation of new type industrialization and urbanization and agricultural modernization strategies lacks of a major hand grip and spatial supporting platform, due to long-term existed ＂dual-track＂ structure...The implementation of new type industrialization and urbanization and agricultural modernization strategies lacks of a major hand grip and spatial supporting platform, due to long-term existed ＂dual-track＂ structure of rural-urban development in China as well as un- stable rural development institution and mechanism. It is necessary to restructure rural pro- duction, living and ecological space by carrying out land consolidation, so as to establish a new platform for building new countryside and realizing urban-rural integration development in China. This paper develops the concept and connotation of rural spatial restructuring. Basing on the effects analysis of industrialization and urbanization on rural production, living and ecological space, the mechanism of pushing forward rural spatial restructuring by carry- ing out land consolidation is probed. A conceptualization of the models of rural production, living and ecological spatial restructuring is analyzed combining with agricultural land con- solidation, hollowed villages consolidation and industrial and mining land consolidation. Fi- nally, the author argues that a ＂bottom-up＂ restructuring strategy accompanied by a few ＂top-down＂ elements is helpful for smoothly pushing forward rural spatial restructuring in China. In addition, the optimization and restructuring of rural production, living and ecological space will rely on the innovations of regional engineering technology, policy and mechanism, and mode of rural land consolidation, and more attentions should be paid to rural space, the foundation base and platform for realizing urban-rural integration development.展开更多
The pattern for utilization of rural space is closely related to rural transformationdevelopment (RTD). The problem of rural space utilization is an important manifestation of theuncoordinated relationship between lan...The pattern for utilization of rural space is closely related to rural transformationdevelopment (RTD). The problem of rural space utilization is an important manifestation of theuncoordinated relationship between land use patterns and rural development status during atransformation period. Considering the rural space utilization issue, this article seeks to analyzethe interaction mechanisms between land use transition (LUT) and rural spatial governanceand then build a rural spatial governance analysis framework based on LUT. Also, thepaper explores the internal relationship between rural spatial governance and rural vitalizationand discusses the research prospective of the interaction. The study found that: (1) Ruralspace utilization has systemic problems such as limited development space, ill-defined ownershipand poor organization, which have become important obstacles for rural development.(2) The uncoordinated relationship between LUT and RTD is an important reason for the dilemmasurrounding rural space utilization. (3) The LUT provides a basis for determining thetiming of rural spatial governance, specifying spatial governance objectives, and clarifyingrural spatial governance methods. (4) The construction of a comprehensive analysis frameworkof “matter-ownership-organization” of rural space based on the LUT has created conditionsfor the orderly promotion of rural spatial governance. (5) Rural spatial governance whichfacilitates the integration of urban-rural development is an important foundation for rural vitalization.(6) Interaction analysis of LUT, RTD and rural spatial governance is conducive tofacilitating research on the operational mechanism of rural regional systems and to expandingthe research field of rural geography.展开更多
China's spatial planning system has a tradition of prioritizing vertical control over horizontal coordination, which leads to conflicts among various plans for one area. This has brought many problems to the spati...China's spatial planning system has a tradition of prioritizing vertical control over horizontal coordination, which leads to conflicts among various plans for one area. This has brought many problems to the spatial management of Chinese cities. Since socio-economic development plan, urban-rural plan, and land use plan are the three major elements of China's spatial planning system, conflicts among them can be taken as an intensified case of the system's problems, and the practice of three-plan integration should focus on bridging the gaps and solving conflicts among them, so as to eventually eliminate predicaments to China's spatial planning. Currently, due to influences of the actual law and governance systems, threeplan integration is largely a sort of government-led planning coordination dedicated to urban-rural spatial development. In the context of China's constantly deepened political and economic system reforms, three-plan integration, together with the extended multi-plan integration, will surely play an important role in the construction and exploration of China's spatial planning system.展开更多
基金the Research on the Original Contribution and Global Significance of the Concept of Community with a Shared Future for Mankind from a Historical Materialist Perspective(Project No.:20&ZD026)a major project of the National Social Science Foundation of China.
文摘Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-sectoral challenges in urban-rural relations,and plays an important role in implementing the new development philosophy,which promotes Chinese modernization.The theoretical logic supporting the function it plays in enabling Chinese modernization lies in the following aspects:it leverages the free flow of population and resources between urban and rural areas and thus facilitates the balanced development of China’s modernization;it advances the common prosperity of all people through its new type of urban-rural and industrial-agricultural relations;it fosters the coordinated development of the material and spiritual civilizations through the integration of urban and rural cultures;it promotes steering the modernization toward green development through the joint building and managing of the overall urban-rural ecosystem;and it drives modernization in a harmonious and stable direction through integrated urban-rural development.Currently,integrated urban-rural development still faces challenges such as restrictions on the two-way flow of factors,the low efficiency of industrial coordination and support,unequal access to public service facilities,and the insufficient use of land.Therefore,based on the strategic framework of urban-rural integrated development,it is necessary to continuously promote Chinese modernization through high-quality integrated urban-rural development from the perspectives of deepening institutional coordination,expanding the application of digital intelligence in urban and rural industries,optimizing public services,and improving land management.
基金Under the auspices of National Key Research and Development Program(No.2023YFC3804001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42201440)。
文摘Understanding the urban-rural development mechanism is critical for implementing rural revival and new-type urbanization.However,it remains a challenge to quantify the urban-rural integrated development level(URIDL)and its impact factors.Hence,we constructed an assessment system for the URIDL from spatial,economic,social,life,and ecological integration.The spatial autocorrelation and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to assess the spatiotemporal variation of the URIDL and the trade-off synergistic relationship among the subsystems at the provincial scale in China using socio-economic statistical data from 2000 to 2020.A spatial panel quantile regression model was used to analyze the driving mechanism.The results showed that the URIDL of China increased by 0.19%from 2000 to 2020,and a high-high(H-H)spatial agglomeration pattern occurred in the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions.Spatial integration significantly contributed to the other subsystems,whereas economic integration had a significant negative impact on the other subsystems in the eastern coastal and southwestern regions.Per capita Gross Domestic Product(GDP)improved the URIDL,whereas other factors,such as fiscal revenue decentralization,had inhibiting effects.Notably,the impact of factors on URIDL varies across different quantiles.Finally,we proposed policy recommendations for differentiated improvement of URIDL based on its evolution and regional development level during the research period.
基金Supported by Key Research Base Foundation of Research Center for Information Industry Development of Shaanxi ProvinceProject of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education(11JK0053)
文摘The urban and rural areas are regarded as two major components of the regional economic system.Only through joint balanced development of the two can we achieve overall economic optimization and social welfare maximization.But the great social division of labor has separated urban areas from rural areas,which casts the shadow of city-oriented theory on cooperative relations between urban and rural areas.Mutual separation between urban and rural settlements and independent development trigger off a range of social problems.We must undertake guidance through rational development path of urban-rural integration,to eliminate the phenomenon of urban-rural dual structure,and promote the sustainable development of population,resources and environment in urban and rural areas as soon as possible.
文摘The development of rural areas usually has a positive impact on the urban-rural integration. This study explores an innovative approach to stimulate rural development by proposing qualified villages as central villages that can provide basic urban services for their residents and residents of neighboring villages. This approach can contribute to overcoming the various problems that rural areas faced at the social, economic, and environmental levels. It seeks to achieve spatial sustainability of rural areas, representing a new approach by integrating urban development methods to revitalize rural villages. The study analyzed 15 villages belonging to Abbasiya District of AL Kufa City in the Najaf Governorate of Iraq. Based on the GIS techniques and the analysis of urban service indicators(village population, percentage of urban building materials used in villages, distance between village and health centers, distance between village and main roads, nature of economic activity, distance between village and educational institutions, distance between village and drinking water sources, number of communication towers, and distance between village and urban administrative center), this study proposed that Abu Gharb and Albu Ghraib can served as central villages in Abbasiya District in the future. This study establishes a new rural spatial structure to achieve rural sustainable development, improves the development status of rural areas, and provides a theoretical basis for the government and relevant institutions to use urban service indicators, achieving rural sustainable development and formulating relevant development policies in Abbasiya District.
基金a phased achievement of the National Social Scienceof China “Research on the exit mechanism and policy optimization of the membership rights of migrant workers’ collective economic organizations under the new situation”(Project Approval No. 18XJY012)。
文摘Chengdu and Chongqing,as two core cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle,have always been in the front rank of development and reform of urban-rural integration in China.But due to different basic conditions,ideas and priorities are different in the two cities.This paper establishes an analysis framework based on system theory,conducts a systematic comparison on the development and reform of urban-rural integration in the two cities to achieve a comprehensive comparison study and finds out that:(a) Owing to different basic conditions,Chengdu and Chongqing have adopted different reform ideas and measures.Chengdu places more emphasis on systematic advancement,while Chongqing attaches more importance to key breakthroughs.(b) Chengdu’s high level shows that in the practice of urban-rural integration,independent policies and measures in local areas have limited effects.System efficiency can surpass the sum of local areas’ efficiencies only if a systematic method is adopted to comprehensively promote policies and measures for institutional innovations in various fields.
文摘The environmental impact issues,such as global warming and expansion of the urban zone,seem more serious and have become the biggest defining challenges of the 21st century.Climate change can lead to water shortages,desertification,land degradation,air pollution,rising sea levels,accelerated deforestation,and exacerbated economic pressures.Global urban growth greatly impacts changes in sociability,humanity,and the environment of the Earth.The human presence,especially in cities,seriously affects resource use and waste disposal,and they are consuming natural resources faster than the planet can sustain during urbanization,changing how people live.China,with a population of 1.3 billion,has seen tens of millions of people living in the countryside migrate to cities,especially megacities,since the 1980s.As a result of its decision to industrialize and urbanize to boost the economy,China has become the world’s second-largest consumer of energy.In recent years,China’s government has quickly recognized the lessons of“limits to growth”and has taken action by initiating the construction process in Dongtan,Shanghai,China.They are making efforts to build urban-rural integration communities to promote sustainable development.Based on a literature review focusing on Dongtan,research questions are raised according to the research objective:(1)What are the challenges of sustainable development in urban-rural integration?(2)What practices has Dongtan implemented for sustainable development,or how is sustainable development being applied to Dongtan?(3)What are the social,political,environmental,and economic concerns regarding the sustainable development of Dongtan?The sustainable urban-rural integration concerns the ecological,economic,environmental,and psychological aspects of urban-rural integration design and management.The overall objective is to promote sustainable development in economic,social,ecological,and spatial dimensions.It will be a liveable,complete community that makes economic,environmental,and social sense locally while also contributing to national and global sustainable development.It will serve as a compelling model for how to build sustainable urban-rural integration worldwide.
文摘The connotation of urban-rural integration,its construction courses,construction modes in China and abroad are introduced in this study,the problems emerging from the urban-rural integration practices are analyzed,and strategies for the urban-rural integration in China are proposed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.T2261129477 and 41971220)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA23070300).
文摘Urban-rural integration (URI) is a global challenge that is highly related to inequalities, poverty, economic growth, and other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Existing research has evaluated the extent of URI and explored its influencing factors, but urban-rural linkages are seldom incorporated in evaluation systems, and geographical factors are rarely recognized as the influencing factors. We construct a URI framework including regional economy, rural development, urban-rural linkage, and urban-rural gap. Based on a dataset consisting of 1,669 counties in China in 2020, we reveal the spatial pattern of URI and find a high correlation between the spatial pattern of URI and the relief degree of land surface (RDLS). Using structural equation modeling, we discover that topography has direct ( − 0.18, p < 0.001) and indirect ( − 0.17, p < 0.001) effects on URI. The indirect negative effects are mediated through the infrastructure, and the combination of localized advantages and modern technical conditions could mitigate the negative impact of topography. Finally, we identify 742 counties as lagging regions in URI, which can be clustered into eight types. Our findings could facilitate policy designing for those countries striving for integrated and sustainable development of urban and rural areas.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.T2261129477,42101202 and 42401261)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024CDJSKXYGG06)the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.KJQN202400528).
文摘The suburbs surrounding metropolitan areas are the priority area for urban-rural integration development where functional optimization is essential to reconcile growing urban demands with sustainable rural development.Rural functions are changing substantially and vary significantly across areas in the practice of high-quality urban-rural integration development era.How to make use of the advantages of different rural functions and achieve optimized combination of functions are actual problems that urgently need to be solved.The paper analyzed the process of urban-rural integration through the identification of urban-rural integration interfaces and evaluated the multifunctional transformation of rural areas in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle(CCEC)with a fixed weight evaluation model.The differences in rural functions analyzed with the Theil index reveals the characteristics and sources of differences in the“production-living-ecology-culture”functional areas in the CCEC.The research results show that:(1)The spatial distribution characteristics of rural functions in the CCEC are obvious,and agricultural production clusters dominate the Chengdu Plain and eastern Chongqing,contrasting with ecological conservation zones along the Yangtze River system,while cultural heritage hubs concentrate in economically vibrant tourism corridors.(2)The overall regional differences in rural functions are mainly due to intra-regional differences;in terms of the contribution rate,the contribution rate of intra-regional differences in agricultural production,ecological conservation,and cultural heritage functions is much larger than that of inter-regional differences,whereas the inter-regional differences in human living functions are larger than those of intra-regional differences.(3)Based on the research results,the study area is divided into 14 functional types,which can provide scientific basis for improving the spatial layout and high-quality development of rural functions in the CCEC.These insights advance theoretical understanding of mountainous-urban transitional areas while informing practical strategies for high-quality integrated development.
基金This paper and the related research are financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51578124).
文摘Urban-rural integrated development is the priority task of China due to the wide development gap between cities and villages caused by the most rapid economic growth in history.In the province-city-town-village administrative system of China,town,as the smallest urban form,is the social,economic,and cultural center of a rural area and becomes the key to many development problems.An improved township enhances living standards and creates numerous jobs in rural areas,and it will provide opportunities for urban-rural sustainable integration.This paper introduces three typical rural forms in Nantong and demonstrates the objective fact that rural form is an important manifestation of residents,living habits,historical context,and the regional characteristics of rural areas.Then,this study aims to find the close inner relationship between rural form and town development through a comparative study of morphological indicators.Therefore,on the basis of full understanding of rural forms,this study proposes that town development from the perspective of serving the countryside,improving the quality of life of rural residents,and protecting the rural landscape texture with regional characteristics is the development mode conforming to the spirit of sustainable development.
基金This article is supported by the Soft Science Project of the Office of Leading Group for Rural Affairs of the CPC Central Committee and the Expert Advisory Committee for Rural Revitalization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs“Research on the Original Contribution of the Party's Theoretical Innovation of‘Agriculture,Rural Areas and Farmers'to the Development of Marxist Political Economics"(No.RKX20220103).
文摘The discussion of common prosperity in this paper revolves around the following two aspects. First, the promotion of common prosperity requires a solid material foundation;solving poverty as measured by the absolute income standard serves as the basic requirement of becoming rich;the future rural relative poverty is a common problem and challenge that most of China’s provinces are facing;and increasing farmers’ income is a problem that must be solved within the framework of integrated urban-rural development. Second, narrowing the income gap is one of the essential requirements of common prosperity;narrowing the income gap to a certain level and achieving the unity of the development and sharing and the harmony of efficiency and fairness constitute the essential component of “common”;and the current urban-rural absolute income gap in China remains large, which violates the concept of shared development, is not conducive to sharing the achievements of economic development by the people as a whole, inhibits economic growth, and hinders the construction of a new development paradigm. Therefore, firmly grasping the mainline of integrated urban-rural development, strengthening overall planning and top-level design, and compensating for the institutional disadvantages of the dual division of urban and rural areas should be the main strategic focuses for promoting common prosperity in China.
文摘Coordinating Urban and Rural Development in China:Learning from Chengdu Authors:Ye Yumin,Richard Le Gates Year:2013Publisher:Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN:9781781952023(424 pages,in English)Urban and rural integration,i.e.,how to deal with the issues of urban and rural disparities,urban and rural development,farmers,agriculture,migrant workers(or urban,industrial new immigrants),
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42293270,42530712)the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42401334).
文摘The spatial organization of urban-rural systems is fundamentally shaped by the agglomeration and diffusion effects inherent in human-Earth processes,giving rise to distinct gradient-based and hierarchical structures.Understanding the complexity of these interactions and their multidimensional drivers is essential for deciphering the mechanisms of integrated urban-rural development.Here,we apply a novel hierarchical spatial system framework based on the human-Earth system,combining social network analysis and multi-level modeling,to examine the evolution of the socio-spatial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2020.We developed a comprehensive evaluation system spanning economic,social,environmental,and infrastructural dimensions to characterize spatial patterns across multiple network levels,including city clusters,metropolitan areas,municipal-counties,towns,and villages.Our analysis reveals three key findings:First,the density of foundational network connections increased significantly,reflecting a trend toward spatial concentration driven by policy-led regional integration.Second,network structures at the city-cluster and metropolitan scales exhibited a pattern of“initial expansion followed by convergence”,accompanied by notable shifts in their spatial centers of gravity.In parallel,differentiated patterns of agglomeration and expansion were evident in the township-and village-level networks of Baoding,Tangshan,and Handan,while village-level networks in Anxin,Quyang,and other locations demonstrated distinct developmental trends.Third,community structures demonstrated strong functional homophily and interactive cohesion across multiple dimensions,with metropolitan and township communities undergoing restructuring that reflects a reconfiguration of cross-level influence and functional coupling.Spatially,the system manifests as a gradient structure of interwoven point,line,and area networks,establishing a mechanism for functional differentiation and transmission from rural to urban areas.This study provides theoretical foundations and methodological support for understanding the spatial organization logic of integrated urban-rural development,offering practical reference value for advancing regional coordination and rural revitalization in a scientifically informed manner.
基金The Philosophy and Social Science Research Major Project of Jiangsu University,No.2023SJZD056National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41901205。
文摘Urban-rural integration is an advanced form resulting from the future evolution of urban-rural relationships.Nevertheless,little research has explored whether urban and rural areas can move from dual segmentation to integrated development from a theoretical or empirical perspective.Based on the research framework of welfare economics,which offers an appealing paradigm to frame the underlying game between cities and villages,this study clarifies the ideal state of urban-rural integration.It then proposes a series of basic assumptions,and constructs a corresponding objective function and its constraints.Moreover,it assesses the possibility of seeing the transmutation from division to integration between urban and rural areas with continuous socio-economic development.The authors argue that the ideal state of urban-rural integration should be a Pareto-driven optimal allocation of urban-rural resources and outputs,and the maximization of social welfare in the entire region.Based on a systematic demonstration using mathematical models,the study proposes that urban and rural areas can enter this ideal integrated development pattern when certain parameter conditions are met.In general,this study demonstrates the theoretical logic and scientific foundations of urban-rural integration,enriches theoretical studies about urban-rural relationships,and provides basic theoretical support for large developing countries to build a coordinated and orderly urban-rural community with a shared future.
文摘With the rapid development of the social economy,the pace of urban-rural integration construction has been accelerating continuously.From the actual situation at this stage,it is necessary to maintain the sound relationship of coordination,interaction and mutual advance between the city and the village.In the process of building urban-rural integration,we should focus on strengthening the development of land management,so as to improve the rationality of land development and utilization,and maximize the value of land while protecting rural farmland resources.The author explores and analyzes the problems existing in the land management work in the urban-rural integration construction.An effective way is put forward to carry out land management work in urban and rural integration construction,which contributes to the improvement of the quality of land management work.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41171149No.41130748No.41201176
文摘The implementation of new type industrialization and urbanization and agricultural modernization strategies lacks of a major hand grip and spatial supporting platform, due to long-term existed ＂dual-track＂ structure of rural-urban development in China as well as un- stable rural development institution and mechanism. It is necessary to restructure rural pro- duction, living and ecological space by carrying out land consolidation, so as to establish a new platform for building new countryside and realizing urban-rural integration development in China. This paper develops the concept and connotation of rural spatial restructuring. Basing on the effects analysis of industrialization and urbanization on rural production, living and ecological space, the mechanism of pushing forward rural spatial restructuring by carry- ing out land consolidation is probed. A conceptualization of the models of rural production, living and ecological spatial restructuring is analyzed combining with agricultural land con- solidation, hollowed villages consolidation and industrial and mining land consolidation. Fi- nally, the author argues that a ＂bottom-up＂ restructuring strategy accompanied by a few ＂top-down＂ elements is helpful for smoothly pushing forward rural spatial restructuring in China. In addition, the optimization and restructuring of rural production, living and ecological space will rely on the innovations of regional engineering technology, policy and mechanism, and mode of rural land consolidation, and more attentions should be paid to rural space, the foundation base and platform for realizing urban-rural integration development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41901204,No.41871178China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2019M660109+2 种基金The Foundation of Humanity and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education of China,No.19YJCZH036Jiangsu Provincial Science Foundation,No.BK20190717Jiangsu Provincial Social Science Foundation,No.19GLC002。
文摘The pattern for utilization of rural space is closely related to rural transformationdevelopment (RTD). The problem of rural space utilization is an important manifestation of theuncoordinated relationship between land use patterns and rural development status during atransformation period. Considering the rural space utilization issue, this article seeks to analyzethe interaction mechanisms between land use transition (LUT) and rural spatial governanceand then build a rural spatial governance analysis framework based on LUT. Also, thepaper explores the internal relationship between rural spatial governance and rural vitalizationand discusses the research prospective of the interaction. The study found that: (1) Ruralspace utilization has systemic problems such as limited development space, ill-defined ownershipand poor organization, which have become important obstacles for rural development.(2) The uncoordinated relationship between LUT and RTD is an important reason for the dilemmasurrounding rural space utilization. (3) The LUT provides a basis for determining thetiming of rural spatial governance, specifying spatial governance objectives, and clarifyingrural spatial governance methods. (4) The construction of a comprehensive analysis frameworkof “matter-ownership-organization” of rural space based on the LUT has created conditionsfor the orderly promotion of rural spatial governance. (5) Rural spatial governance whichfacilitates the integration of urban-rural development is an important foundation for rural vitalization.(6) Interaction analysis of LUT, RTD and rural spatial governance is conducive tofacilitating research on the operational mechanism of rural regional systems and to expandingthe research field of rural geography.
文摘China's spatial planning system has a tradition of prioritizing vertical control over horizontal coordination, which leads to conflicts among various plans for one area. This has brought many problems to the spatial management of Chinese cities. Since socio-economic development plan, urban-rural plan, and land use plan are the three major elements of China's spatial planning system, conflicts among them can be taken as an intensified case of the system's problems, and the practice of three-plan integration should focus on bridging the gaps and solving conflicts among them, so as to eventually eliminate predicaments to China's spatial planning. Currently, due to influences of the actual law and governance systems, threeplan integration is largely a sort of government-led planning coordination dedicated to urban-rural spatial development. In the context of China's constantly deepened political and economic system reforms, three-plan integration, together with the extended multi-plan integration, will surely play an important role in the construction and exploration of China's spatial planning system.
