Background:The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)has been rapidly growing in Chinese populations in recent decades,and the shift in eating habits is a key contributing factor to this increase.Eating out of h...Background:The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)has been rapidly growing in Chinese populations in recent decades,and the shift in eating habits is a key contributing factor to this increase.Eating out of home(EOH)is one of the major shifts in eating habits during this period.However,the influence of EOH on the incidence of T2DM among Chinese urban workers is unknown.Methods:The cross-sectional study involved an analysis of 13,904 urban workers recruited from 11 health examination centers in the major cities of China to explore the relationship between EOH and T2DM between 2013 September and 2016 March.Results:Average weekly EOH frequency≥10 times was positively associated with increased incidence of T2DM in the sampled population(OR:1.31[1.11-1.54],p<0.01),most notably in participants≤45 years old(OR:1.41[1.11-1.80],p<0.01])and in males(OR:1.26[1.06-1.51],p<0.01).An EOH frequency of 5 times/week appears as a threshold for a significant increase in the odds of T2DM.Weekly EOH frequency≥5 times was associated with increased odds of T2DM in a dose-response manner in the total population and almost all subgroups(poverall association<0.05 andpnonlinearity≤0.05).Conclusion:This study showed that a frequency of EOH(≥5 times/week)was associated with a frequency-dependent increase in the odds of T2DM urban workers in China.More nutrition promotion is needed to improve the eating behavior of Chinese urban workers to reduce T2DM risk.展开更多
Government city management is facing higher requirements with the development of the number of migrant workers.Therefore,improving their subjective well-being is a significant practical problem that the government mus...Government city management is facing higher requirements with the development of the number of migrant workers.Therefore,improving their subjective well-being is a significant practical problem that the government must consider in public governance.This research discusses the influence of public service satisfaction on the well-being of urban migrant workers from the perspective of social comparison theory and the role of the sense of social equity and social conflict in the process of this influence.Using the structural equation modeling and moderated mediating mechanism analysis,the results show that:(1)the satisfaction of social and economic public service significantly and positively affects subjective well-being.(2)The sense of social equity completely mediated the influence of the satisfaction of public social service on well-being and partly mediated the influence of the satisfaction of public financial service on well-being.(3)The sense of social equity and conflict have a moderated mediating effect for social and economic public service satisfaction on well-being.Finally,the article concludes with some suggestions to improve the well-being of migrant workers based on the conclusion of the study.展开更多
The unique two-stage "Chinese path" of China’s ru-ral-urban migration, which cannot be fully explained by classical theories of economic development, makes us to give peasant workers’ transformation to urb...The unique two-stage "Chinese path" of China’s ru-ral-urban migration, which cannot be fully explained by classical theories of economic development, makes us to give peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents a top priority. On the basis of fully explaining peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents, a method for measuring its process has been advanced and then confirmed with the data of March in 2005 from surveys to peasant workers in Wuhan. Finally, the suggestions of acceler-ating peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents to pro-mote the construction of a harmonious society have been drawn from the analysis.展开更多
In order to determine the trend in the number of employees covered by workers＇ compensation （WC） and trends in the burdens and benefits of WC, and to discuss the possible factors that might influence those trends. ...In order to determine the trend in the number of employees covered by workers＇ compensation （WC） and trends in the burdens and benefits of WC, and to discuss the possible factors that might influence those trends. A relevant national statistical data from 1995 to 2012 are collected and analyzed. In the results, we found that the proportion of employees covered by WC to total employees in urban areas increased from 13.7% in 1995 to 51.2% in 2012 and also exhibited a significant degree of polarization. In 2012, 27.3% of the peasant workers were covered by WC, which accounted for 37.8% of the total employees covered by WC. Factors found to impact the number of employees covered by WC and trends in the burdens and benefits of WC from 1995 to date in China included urbanization, represented by the migration of farm labor to urban areas, changes in industry mix, regional disparity, GDP movements, and changes to legislation on WC and occupational health and safety. It still has a long way to go to reduce work-related injuries and occupational diseases （ODs） to levels comparable with other industrialized countries.展开更多
New-generation migrant workers are the " elite" among migrant workers,and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization,relat...New-generation migrant workers are the " elite" among migrant workers,and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization,related to the success of new urbanization construction. From the perspective of livelihood capital,this paper uses the measuring indicators in line with the new-generation migrant workers' livelihood characteristics,to analyze the typical characteristics and causes of new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City based on field survey data. In the study,it is found that the new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation characteristics are focused on life adaptation,work adaptation and cultural adaptation,but the adaptation in the three areas is not good and there is a big room for improvement.展开更多
The surplus rural labors transferring to the city is an inevitable trend in the economic development of the reform and opening up. The household register system has made urban migrant workers free from the social secu...The surplus rural labors transferring to the city is an inevitable trend in the economic development of the reform and opening up. The household register system has made urban migrant workers free from the social security system and drift on the brink of city. Social assistance system concerning their interests is few. This article starts with the current situation of rural migrant workers in social assistance system, states the necessity and feasibility for bringing the migrant workers into the urban minimum living security system and according to the characteristics of the migrant workers on the reasonable classification, finally talks about existing obstacles and countermeasures of the migrant workers joining into the urban low income system. I believe that with the continuous reform of the registered permanent household register system, the continuous development of urbanization, the basic life of migrant worker will be guaranteed.展开更多
This paper,from the city integration perspective,analyzes the main beneficiaries who benefit from the household registration system reform,and studies the influence of individual decisions about the transfer from agri...This paper,from the city integration perspective,analyzes the main beneficiaries who benefit from the household registration system reform,and studies the influence of individual decisions about the transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture. Based on it,this paper makes an empirical research by using the survey data about migrant workers in Chongqing. The research findings are as follows:( i) The urban employment,the living condition and the rural connection have a significant impact on migrant workers' transfer decision;( ii) If the value of those factors( such as the working stability,the family income,the urban house condition and the urban social security) is higher,then the migrant workers who have no economic interest in rural areas are better able to integrate into the urban areas,therefore the inclination to transfer the household registration from agriculture to non-agriculture will be much stronger. It is proposed that we should do some significant things,such as enhancing the investment of security housing,bringing the migrant workers into the city housing accumulation fund system and giving them prior allocation right,perfecting land elastic exit mechanism,creating a harmonious employment environment,which are important strategies promoting migrant workers to integrate into the urban areas and affecting their individual decision about transferring from agriculture to nonagriculture.展开更多
City migrant workers, as one part of the city＇s development, economic development and other aspects of urban to make a great contribution, but the delay with the local residents do not enjoy the same level of medical...City migrant workers, as one part of the city＇s development, economic development and other aspects of urban to make a great contribution, but the delay with the local residents do not enjoy the same level of medical care treatment is always blocked in outside the city＇s health care system, have less relevant departments, there is no practical system introduced regulations and policies, these things tell us to pay attention to the people, and the introduction of appropriate medical insurance of migrant workers possibly things, and timely medical security system of such groups and the local people medical protection for long support. Make medical insurance system can cities try it＇s best to help foreign workers Medicare, Medicare for the development of China has made a modest contribution.展开更多
The relevant system guarantee for migrant workers is one of the problems that must be considered and solved in building a socialist harmonious society, and is also the need to further improve the socialist market econ...The relevant system guarantee for migrant workers is one of the problems that must be considered and solved in building a socialist harmonious society, and is also the need to further improve the socialist market economic system. Based on the current difficulties and injustices faced by migrant workers, this paper analyzes the deep-seated reasons and reflects the contradiction between the supply and demand of China's security system. And from the defects of the household registration system, the inapplicability of the urban social security system and the imperfect legal system, this paper analyzes the deep-seated reasons for the current problems of the system security for migrant workers: on the one hand, the current urbanization lags behind the development of industrialization;on the other hand, the lack of understanding of the social security problems for migrant workers, and summarizes the reasons for the current situation of the social security for migrant workers. This paper puts forward some suggestions on improving the construction of the relevant security system framework for migrant workers: strengthening the level of employment services, creating a fair employment environment, enhancing social insurance awareness, strictly regulating the employment system, allowing high-risk industries to be included in the scope of work-related injury insurance, strengthening labor supervision to safeguard workers' rights and interests, guiding migrant workers to participate in skills training to achieve full employment, encouraging migrant workers to sell rural land, safeguarding the rights of migrant workers' children to the same compulsory education in the city, and strengthening the legislative work to improve the judicial security and a series of specific measures. The purpose is to expand the social security coverage of the city, improve the living conditions of migrant workers, and put forward my own views on the reform of social structure and social security system and other related aspects.展开更多
基金National Nutrition Science Research Grant(Grant/Award Number:CNS-NNSRG2019-234)Chinese National Key Research and Development Program during the 13th Five-year Plan Period(Grant/Award Number:2022YFC2010106)+2 种基金Disciplines Construction Project of Peking Union Medical College(Grant/Award Number:PUMC,201920202102)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant/Award Number:81971316)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(Grant/Award Number:bj-2023-72)。
文摘Background:The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)has been rapidly growing in Chinese populations in recent decades,and the shift in eating habits is a key contributing factor to this increase.Eating out of home(EOH)is one of the major shifts in eating habits during this period.However,the influence of EOH on the incidence of T2DM among Chinese urban workers is unknown.Methods:The cross-sectional study involved an analysis of 13,904 urban workers recruited from 11 health examination centers in the major cities of China to explore the relationship between EOH and T2DM between 2013 September and 2016 March.Results:Average weekly EOH frequency≥10 times was positively associated with increased incidence of T2DM in the sampled population(OR:1.31[1.11-1.54],p<0.01),most notably in participants≤45 years old(OR:1.41[1.11-1.80],p<0.01])and in males(OR:1.26[1.06-1.51],p<0.01).An EOH frequency of 5 times/week appears as a threshold for a significant increase in the odds of T2DM.Weekly EOH frequency≥5 times was associated with increased odds of T2DM in a dose-response manner in the total population and almost all subgroups(poverall association<0.05 andpnonlinearity≤0.05).Conclusion:This study showed that a frequency of EOH(≥5 times/week)was associated with a frequency-dependent increase in the odds of T2DM urban workers in China.More nutrition promotion is needed to improve the eating behavior of Chinese urban workers to reduce T2DM risk.
基金supported by Yunnan Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Planning Youth Project under Grant No.QN2018055.
文摘Government city management is facing higher requirements with the development of the number of migrant workers.Therefore,improving their subjective well-being is a significant practical problem that the government must consider in public governance.This research discusses the influence of public service satisfaction on the well-being of urban migrant workers from the perspective of social comparison theory and the role of the sense of social equity and social conflict in the process of this influence.Using the structural equation modeling and moderated mediating mechanism analysis,the results show that:(1)the satisfaction of social and economic public service significantly and positively affects subjective well-being.(2)The sense of social equity completely mediated the influence of the satisfaction of public social service on well-being and partly mediated the influence of the satisfaction of public financial service on well-being.(3)The sense of social equity and conflict have a moderated mediating effect for social and economic public service satisfaction on well-being.Finally,the article concludes with some suggestions to improve the well-being of migrant workers based on the conclusion of the study.
文摘The unique two-stage "Chinese path" of China’s ru-ral-urban migration, which cannot be fully explained by classical theories of economic development, makes us to give peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents a top priority. On the basis of fully explaining peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents, a method for measuring its process has been advanced and then confirmed with the data of March in 2005 from surveys to peasant workers in Wuhan. Finally, the suggestions of acceler-ating peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents to pro-mote the construction of a harmonious society have been drawn from the analysis.
基金Key technology to prevent and control new official occupational disease(201402021)China-Australia Health and AIDS Project(FA33HSS108)
文摘In order to determine the trend in the number of employees covered by workers＇ compensation （WC） and trends in the burdens and benefits of WC, and to discuss the possible factors that might influence those trends. A relevant national statistical data from 1995 to 2012 are collected and analyzed. In the results, we found that the proportion of employees covered by WC to total employees in urban areas increased from 13.7% in 1995 to 51.2% in 2012 and also exhibited a significant degree of polarization. In 2012, 27.3% of the peasant workers were covered by WC, which accounted for 37.8% of the total employees covered by WC. Factors found to impact the number of employees covered by WC and trends in the burdens and benefits of WC from 1995 to date in China included urbanization, represented by the migration of farm labor to urban areas, changes in industry mix, regional disparity, GDP movements, and changes to legislation on WC and occupational health and safety. It still has a long way to go to reduce work-related injuries and occupational diseases （ODs） to levels comparable with other industrialized countries.
基金Supported by Youth Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(4140117641201114+5 种基金41501182)Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education(Y201432214)Key Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Zhejiang Gongshang University(JYTyyjj20130105)New Starting Point Project of Beijing Union University(ZK10201406)Hangzhou Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Project(A12YJ04)Research Project of Zhejiang Association of Social Sciences(2013N077)
文摘New-generation migrant workers are the " elite" among migrant workers,and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization,related to the success of new urbanization construction. From the perspective of livelihood capital,this paper uses the measuring indicators in line with the new-generation migrant workers' livelihood characteristics,to analyze the typical characteristics and causes of new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City based on field survey data. In the study,it is found that the new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation characteristics are focused on life adaptation,work adaptation and cultural adaptation,but the adaptation in the three areas is not good and there is a big room for improvement.
文摘The surplus rural labors transferring to the city is an inevitable trend in the economic development of the reform and opening up. The household register system has made urban migrant workers free from the social security system and drift on the brink of city. Social assistance system concerning their interests is few. This article starts with the current situation of rural migrant workers in social assistance system, states the necessity and feasibility for bringing the migrant workers into the urban minimum living security system and according to the characteristics of the migrant workers on the reasonable classification, finally talks about existing obstacles and countermeasures of the migrant workers joining into the urban low income system. I believe that with the continuous reform of the registered permanent household register system, the continuous development of urbanization, the basic life of migrant worker will be guaranteed.
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SWU1409317)Major Program for the Fundamental Research of Southwest University(SWU1309003)National Natural Science Foundation(71373215)
文摘This paper,from the city integration perspective,analyzes the main beneficiaries who benefit from the household registration system reform,and studies the influence of individual decisions about the transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture. Based on it,this paper makes an empirical research by using the survey data about migrant workers in Chongqing. The research findings are as follows:( i) The urban employment,the living condition and the rural connection have a significant impact on migrant workers' transfer decision;( ii) If the value of those factors( such as the working stability,the family income,the urban house condition and the urban social security) is higher,then the migrant workers who have no economic interest in rural areas are better able to integrate into the urban areas,therefore the inclination to transfer the household registration from agriculture to non-agriculture will be much stronger. It is proposed that we should do some significant things,such as enhancing the investment of security housing,bringing the migrant workers into the city housing accumulation fund system and giving them prior allocation right,perfecting land elastic exit mechanism,creating a harmonious employment environment,which are important strategies promoting migrant workers to integrate into the urban areas and affecting their individual decision about transferring from agriculture to nonagriculture.
文摘City migrant workers, as one part of the city＇s development, economic development and other aspects of urban to make a great contribution, but the delay with the local residents do not enjoy the same level of medical care treatment is always blocked in outside the city＇s health care system, have less relevant departments, there is no practical system introduced regulations and policies, these things tell us to pay attention to the people, and the introduction of appropriate medical insurance of migrant workers possibly things, and timely medical security system of such groups and the local people medical protection for long support. Make medical insurance system can cities try it＇s best to help foreign workers Medicare, Medicare for the development of China has made a modest contribution.
文摘The relevant system guarantee for migrant workers is one of the problems that must be considered and solved in building a socialist harmonious society, and is also the need to further improve the socialist market economic system. Based on the current difficulties and injustices faced by migrant workers, this paper analyzes the deep-seated reasons and reflects the contradiction between the supply and demand of China's security system. And from the defects of the household registration system, the inapplicability of the urban social security system and the imperfect legal system, this paper analyzes the deep-seated reasons for the current problems of the system security for migrant workers: on the one hand, the current urbanization lags behind the development of industrialization;on the other hand, the lack of understanding of the social security problems for migrant workers, and summarizes the reasons for the current situation of the social security for migrant workers. This paper puts forward some suggestions on improving the construction of the relevant security system framework for migrant workers: strengthening the level of employment services, creating a fair employment environment, enhancing social insurance awareness, strictly regulating the employment system, allowing high-risk industries to be included in the scope of work-related injury insurance, strengthening labor supervision to safeguard workers' rights and interests, guiding migrant workers to participate in skills training to achieve full employment, encouraging migrant workers to sell rural land, safeguarding the rights of migrant workers' children to the same compulsory education in the city, and strengthening the legislative work to improve the judicial security and a series of specific measures. The purpose is to expand the social security coverage of the city, improve the living conditions of migrant workers, and put forward my own views on the reform of social structure and social security system and other related aspects.
