The East Asian upper-tropospheric jet stream （EAJS） typically jumps north of 45~N in midsummer. These annual northward jumps are mostly classified into two dominant types： the first type corresponds to the enhanced...The East Asian upper-tropospheric jet stream （EAJS） typically jumps north of 45~N in midsummer. These annual northward jumps are mostly classified into two dominant types： the first type corresponds to the enhanced westerly to the north of the EAJS＇s axis （type A）, while the second type is related to the weakened westerly within the EAJS＇s axis （type B）. In this study, the impacts of these two types of northward jumps on rainfall in eastern China are investigated. Our results show that rainfall significantly increases in northern Northeast China and decreases in the Yellow River-Huaihe River valleys, as well as in North China, during the type A jump. As a result of the type B jump, rainfall is enhanced in North China and suppressed in the Yangtze River valley. The changes in rainfall in eastern China during these two types of northward jumps are mainly caused by the northward shifts of the ascending air flow that is directly related to the EAJS. Concurrent with the type A （B） jump, the EAJS-related ascending branch moves from the Yangtze-Huai River valley to northern Northeast （North） China when the EAJS＇s axis jumps from 40~N to 55~N （50~N）. Meanwhile, the type A jump also strengthens the Northeast Asian low in the lower troposphere, leading to more moisture transport to northern Northeast China. The type B jump, however, induces a northwestward extension of the lower-tropospheric western North Pacific subtropical high and more moisture transport to North China.展开更多
In this paper, statistics were analyzed concerning correlation between the storm rainfall far from typhoon and non-zonal upper-level jet stream. The results show that the jet stream at 200 hPa is constantly SW (90.2 %...In this paper, statistics were analyzed concerning correlation between the storm rainfall far from typhoon and non-zonal upper-level jet stream. The results show that the jet stream at 200 hPa is constantly SW (90.2 %) during the period in which storm rainfall occurs. Rainfall area lies in the right rear regions of the jet axes. While the storm intensifies, the jet tends to be stronger and turn non-zonal. With the MM4 model, nu-merical simulation and diagnosis were carried out for Typhoon No.9711 (Winnie) on August 19 to 20, 1997. The distant storm rainfall is tightly correlative to the jet and low-level typhoon trough. The divergence field of jet is related to the v component. The upper level can cause the allobaric wind convergence at low level. This is the result of the form of low-level typhoon trough and the strength of the storm. By scale analysis, it is found that there is a branch of middle scale transverse inverse circulation in the right entrance regions behind the jet below the 300-hPa level, which is very important to the maintenance and strengthening of storm rainfall. This branch of inverse circulation is relative to the reinforcement of jet’s non-zonal characteristics. From the field of mesoscale divergence field and non-zonal wind field, we know that the stronger symmetry caused by transverse circulation in the two sides of the jet, rainfall抯 feedback and reinforcement of jet抯 non-zonal characteristics had lead to positive feedback mechanism that was favorable of storm rainfall抯 strengthening.展开更多
ABSTRACT The third precipitation episode of China＇s great snowstorms of 2008 was analyzed using station observations and ECMWF six-hourly data. The variation of the shape of the upper-level subtropical jet played an...ABSTRACT The third precipitation episode of China＇s great snowstorms of 2008 was analyzed using station observations and ECMWF six-hourly data. The variation of the shape of the upper-level subtropical jet played an important role in the rainfall over south- ern China. With the eastward movement of the trough, the jet shape changed from two straight jets to a tilting jet over China and then it moved southward. With these variations, the south-north movement of ascending flow and precipitation area over southern China occurred.展开更多
利用常规气象观测资料、6.7μm卫星水汽图像和TBB、闪电定位资料以及NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析资料,对2009年3月3日南方地区一次高架雷暴天气过程进行诊断研究。结果表明,该过程主要影响系统是中低层低槽、低涡切变线、西...利用常规气象观测资料、6.7μm卫星水汽图像和TBB、闪电定位资料以及NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析资料,对2009年3月3日南方地区一次高架雷暴天气过程进行诊断研究。结果表明,该过程主要影响系统是中低层低槽、低涡切变线、西南低空急流、南北支西风急流。低空急流造成暖湿气流输送和高空急流造成冷平流侵入是对流触发机制。近地层为层结稳定的"冷空气垫",位势不稳定出现在低空急流与中高层干冷气流之间,并因急流中的下沉运动得以加强;西南暖湿气流与其北部干冷气流在中低层形成湿斜压锋区,西南气流的下沉支和北方下沉气流汇合在近地层形成的东北风回流与上部西南风生成锋面次级环流圈及中高层上升气流与北支急流中的下沉气流耦合形成次级正环流圈有利于倾斜上升运动的发展;低空急流的强暖平流和水汽通量辐合、北支急流入口区右侧的强辐散和南支急流北侧的辐合均加强了中尺度上升运动。湿层浅薄、上下干层较为深厚、强垂直风切变、低层逆温、-20~0℃过冷水层气流强上升运动等有利于雷暴天气的发生。雷电和冰雹出现在TBB、低空急流风速、θse、水汽通量以及300 h Pa散度等值线密集区附近。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40905025)GYHY201006019, and GYHY200906017
文摘The East Asian upper-tropospheric jet stream （EAJS） typically jumps north of 45~N in midsummer. These annual northward jumps are mostly classified into two dominant types： the first type corresponds to the enhanced westerly to the north of the EAJS＇s axis （type A）, while the second type is related to the weakened westerly within the EAJS＇s axis （type B）. In this study, the impacts of these two types of northward jumps on rainfall in eastern China are investigated. Our results show that rainfall significantly increases in northern Northeast China and decreases in the Yellow River-Huaihe River valleys, as well as in North China, during the type A jump. As a result of the type B jump, rainfall is enhanced in North China and suppressed in the Yangtze River valley. The changes in rainfall in eastern China during these two types of northward jumps are mainly caused by the northward shifts of the ascending air flow that is directly related to the EAJS. Concurrent with the type A （B） jump, the EAJS-related ascending branch moves from the Yangtze-Huai River valley to northern Northeast （North） China when the EAJS＇s axis jumps from 40~N to 55~N （50~N）. Meanwhile, the type A jump also strengthens the Northeast Asian low in the lower troposphere, leading to more moisture transport to northern Northeast China. The type B jump, however, induces a northwestward extension of the lower-tropospheric western North Pacific subtropical high and more moisture transport to North China.
基金Research on formation mechanism and prediction theory for important climatic and weather disasters in China as part of the "Development Plan for Fundamental Research in Key National Project" (G1998040908) Natural Science Foundation of China (49335060 4
文摘In this paper, statistics were analyzed concerning correlation between the storm rainfall far from typhoon and non-zonal upper-level jet stream. The results show that the jet stream at 200 hPa is constantly SW (90.2 %) during the period in which storm rainfall occurs. Rainfall area lies in the right rear regions of the jet axes. While the storm intensifies, the jet tends to be stronger and turn non-zonal. With the MM4 model, nu-merical simulation and diagnosis were carried out for Typhoon No.9711 (Winnie) on August 19 to 20, 1997. The distant storm rainfall is tightly correlative to the jet and low-level typhoon trough. The divergence field of jet is related to the v component. The upper level can cause the allobaric wind convergence at low level. This is the result of the form of low-level typhoon trough and the strength of the storm. By scale analysis, it is found that there is a branch of middle scale transverse inverse circulation in the right entrance regions behind the jet below the 300-hPa level, which is very important to the maintenance and strengthening of storm rainfall. This branch of inverse circulation is relative to the reinforcement of jet’s non-zonal characteristics. From the field of mesoscale divergence field and non-zonal wind field, we know that the stronger symmetry caused by transverse circulation in the two sides of the jet, rainfall抯 feedback and reinforcement of jet抯 non-zonal characteristics had lead to positive feedback mechanism that was favorable of storm rainfall抯 strengthening.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Project of China (Grant Nos.2013CB430105 and 2012CB417201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40930950)+1 种基金Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LaSW) (Grant No.2011LASW-A01)the Key Research Program of the Sciences (Grant No.KZZD-EW-05-01)
文摘ABSTRACT The third precipitation episode of China＇s great snowstorms of 2008 was analyzed using station observations and ECMWF six-hourly data. The variation of the shape of the upper-level subtropical jet played an important role in the rainfall over south- ern China. With the eastward movement of the trough, the jet shape changed from two straight jets to a tilting jet over China and then it moved southward. With these variations, the south-north movement of ascending flow and precipitation area over southern China occurred.
文摘利用常规气象观测资料、6.7μm卫星水汽图像和TBB、闪电定位资料以及NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析资料,对2009年3月3日南方地区一次高架雷暴天气过程进行诊断研究。结果表明,该过程主要影响系统是中低层低槽、低涡切变线、西南低空急流、南北支西风急流。低空急流造成暖湿气流输送和高空急流造成冷平流侵入是对流触发机制。近地层为层结稳定的"冷空气垫",位势不稳定出现在低空急流与中高层干冷气流之间,并因急流中的下沉运动得以加强;西南暖湿气流与其北部干冷气流在中低层形成湿斜压锋区,西南气流的下沉支和北方下沉气流汇合在近地层形成的东北风回流与上部西南风生成锋面次级环流圈及中高层上升气流与北支急流中的下沉气流耦合形成次级正环流圈有利于倾斜上升运动的发展;低空急流的强暖平流和水汽通量辐合、北支急流入口区右侧的强辐散和南支急流北侧的辐合均加强了中尺度上升运动。湿层浅薄、上下干层较为深厚、强垂直风切变、低层逆温、-20~0℃过冷水层气流强上升运动等有利于雷暴天气的发生。雷电和冰雹出现在TBB、低空急流风速、θse、水汽通量以及300 h Pa散度等值线密集区附近。
