Solar-driven carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)provides an oppor tunity to produce value-added chemical feedstocks and fuels.However,achieving efficient and stable photoelectrochemical(PEC)CO_(2)RR into selec...Solar-driven carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)provides an oppor tunity to produce value-added chemical feedstocks and fuels.However,achieving efficient and stable photoelectrochemical(PEC)CO_(2)RR into selec tive products is challenging owing to the difficulties associated with the optical and the electrical configuration of PEC devices and electrocatalyst properties.Herein,we construct an efficient,concentrated sunlight-driven CO_(2)RR setup consisting of InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction cell as a photoanode and oxide-derived Au(Ox-Au)as a cathode to perform the unassisted PEC CO_(2)RR.Under one-sun illumination,a maximum operating current density of 11.5 mA cm^(-2) with an impressive Faradaic efficiency(FE)of~98%is achieved for carbon monoxide(CO)production,leading to a solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency of~15%.Under concentrated intensity of 10 sun,the photoanode records a maximum current density of~124 mAcm^(-2) and maintains~60%of FE for CO production.The results demonstrate crucial advancements in usingⅢ-Ⅴbased photoanodes for concentrated PEC CO_(2)RR.展开更多
Hydrogen is a promising future sustainable fuel candidate with boundless opportunities.Research into photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting based on a lead halide perovskite(LHP)has progressed significantly with the...Hydrogen is a promising future sustainable fuel candidate with boundless opportunities.Research into photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting based on a lead halide perovskite(LHP)has progressed significantly with the aim of more efficient solar hydrogen production.Herein,we unite a well-known photo-absorbing LHP with cost-effective water-splitting catalysts,and we introduce two types of monolithic LHP-based PEC devices that act as a photocathode and a photoanode for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,leading to efficient unbiased overall water splitting.Through the integration of these two monolithic LHP-based photoelectrodes,an unbiased solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 10.64%and a photocurrent density of 8.65 mA cm^(−2) are achieved.展开更多
Introduction: The World Health Organization estimates that each year more than 20 million women suffer from the after-effects of unattended childbirth, of which 800 women die every day as a result of obstetric complic...Introduction: The World Health Organization estimates that each year more than 20 million women suffer from the after-effects of unattended childbirth, of which 800 women die every day as a result of obstetric complications. Objective: Study the socio-epidemiological aspects and prognosis of unassisted deliveries arriving at the Fousseyni Daou De Kayes hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with prospective collection, case-control that took place at the maternity ward of the Fousseyni Daou hospital in Kayes, from<sup> </sup>1 January to 31 December 2021. Results: The frequency of unattended birth was 4.1%. The 30 - 35 age group was the most represented with 32.5%. In our study 58.1% of cases were out of school, 19.4% were primigestes and 39.4% were multiparous. In our series 60.6% of cases had given birth at home and 39.4% along the way. The majority of cases regretted having given birth without the assistance of qualified personnel in 45.6%. Maternal complications were dominated by perineal lesions in 14.4% of cases, haemorrhage of delivery in 25% of cases, severe anaemia in 30% of cases;16.7% of newborns were in poor condition, 13.6% were fresh stillbirths, 15.6% of newborns had obstetric trauma. The maternal death rate on arrival was 3%. Conclusion: The frequency of unassisted childbirth is high in the Kayes region. Its complications can be serious for both the mother and the newborn.展开更多
Lithium(Li)is an essential element in modern energy production and storage devices.Technology to extract Li from seawater,which contains~230 billion tons of Li,offers a solution to the widespread concern regarding qua...Lithium(Li)is an essential element in modern energy production and storage devices.Technology to extract Li from seawater,which contains~230 billion tons of Li,offers a solution to the widespread concern regarding quantitative and geographical limitations of future Li supplies.To obtain green Li from seawater,we propose an unassisted photoelectrochemical(PEC)Li extraction system based on an III-V-based triple-junction(3J)photoelectrode and a Li-ion selective membrane with only sunlight as an input.A light-harvesting/catalysis decoupling scheme yielded a 3J photoelectrode with excellent light-harvesting and catalysis reaction capabilities and superb stability over the 840 h of the extraction process.It allows the system to successfully enrich seawater Li by 4,350 times(i.e.,from 0.18 ppm to 783.56 ppm)after three extraction stages.The overall reaction of the unassisted PEC green Li extraction system achieved 2.08 mg kJ^(−1) of solar-to-Li efficiency and 3.65%of solar-to-hydrogen efficiency.展开更多
基金supported by the City University of Hong Kong(9380107 and 7005943)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology,and Agency for Science,Technology and Research(C230415018 and C231218003).
文摘Solar-driven carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)provides an oppor tunity to produce value-added chemical feedstocks and fuels.However,achieving efficient and stable photoelectrochemical(PEC)CO_(2)RR into selec tive products is challenging owing to the difficulties associated with the optical and the electrical configuration of PEC devices and electrocatalyst properties.Herein,we construct an efficient,concentrated sunlight-driven CO_(2)RR setup consisting of InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction cell as a photoanode and oxide-derived Au(Ox-Au)as a cathode to perform the unassisted PEC CO_(2)RR.Under one-sun illumination,a maximum operating current density of 11.5 mA cm^(-2) with an impressive Faradaic efficiency(FE)of~98%is achieved for carbon monoxide(CO)production,leading to a solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency of~15%.Under concentrated intensity of 10 sun,the photoanode records a maximum current density of~124 mAcm^(-2) and maintains~60%of FE for CO production.The results demonstrate crucial advancements in usingⅢ-Ⅴbased photoanodes for concentrated PEC CO_(2)RR.
基金funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(2019R1A2C3010479,2019M1A2A2065612,2021M3H4A1A03049662)Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Program.
文摘Hydrogen is a promising future sustainable fuel candidate with boundless opportunities.Research into photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting based on a lead halide perovskite(LHP)has progressed significantly with the aim of more efficient solar hydrogen production.Herein,we unite a well-known photo-absorbing LHP with cost-effective water-splitting catalysts,and we introduce two types of monolithic LHP-based PEC devices that act as a photocathode and a photoanode for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,leading to efficient unbiased overall water splitting.Through the integration of these two monolithic LHP-based photoelectrodes,an unbiased solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 10.64%and a photocurrent density of 8.65 mA cm^(−2) are achieved.
文摘Introduction: The World Health Organization estimates that each year more than 20 million women suffer from the after-effects of unattended childbirth, of which 800 women die every day as a result of obstetric complications. Objective: Study the socio-epidemiological aspects and prognosis of unassisted deliveries arriving at the Fousseyni Daou De Kayes hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with prospective collection, case-control that took place at the maternity ward of the Fousseyni Daou hospital in Kayes, from<sup> </sup>1 January to 31 December 2021. Results: The frequency of unattended birth was 4.1%. The 30 - 35 age group was the most represented with 32.5%. In our study 58.1% of cases were out of school, 19.4% were primigestes and 39.4% were multiparous. In our series 60.6% of cases had given birth at home and 39.4% along the way. The majority of cases regretted having given birth without the assistance of qualified personnel in 45.6%. Maternal complications were dominated by perineal lesions in 14.4% of cases, haemorrhage of delivery in 25% of cases, severe anaemia in 30% of cases;16.7% of newborns were in poor condition, 13.6% were fresh stillbirths, 15.6% of newborns had obstetric trauma. The maternal death rate on arrival was 3%. Conclusion: The frequency of unassisted childbirth is high in the Kayes region. Its complications can be serious for both the mother and the newborn.
基金City University of Hong Kong funding(No.9380107).
文摘Lithium(Li)is an essential element in modern energy production and storage devices.Technology to extract Li from seawater,which contains~230 billion tons of Li,offers a solution to the widespread concern regarding quantitative and geographical limitations of future Li supplies.To obtain green Li from seawater,we propose an unassisted photoelectrochemical(PEC)Li extraction system based on an III-V-based triple-junction(3J)photoelectrode and a Li-ion selective membrane with only sunlight as an input.A light-harvesting/catalysis decoupling scheme yielded a 3J photoelectrode with excellent light-harvesting and catalysis reaction capabilities and superb stability over the 840 h of the extraction process.It allows the system to successfully enrich seawater Li by 4,350 times(i.e.,from 0.18 ppm to 783.56 ppm)after three extraction stages.The overall reaction of the unassisted PEC green Li extraction system achieved 2.08 mg kJ^(−1) of solar-to-Li efficiency and 3.65%of solar-to-hydrogen efficiency.
