BACKGROUND Empathetic psychological care improves mood and enhances the quality of life in critically ill patients.AIM To study the impact of combining 222-nm ultraviolet(UV)disinfection with empathetic psychological ...BACKGROUND Empathetic psychological care improves mood and enhances the quality of life in critically ill patients.AIM To study the impact of combining 222-nm ultraviolet(UV)disinfection with empathetic psychological care on emotional states,nosocomial infection rates,and quality of life in critically ill patients.METHODS A total of 202 critically ill patients admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital(December 2023 to May 2024)were randomly assigned to control(Ctrl,n=101)or observation groups(Obs,n=101).The Ctrl group received 222-nm UV disinfection and routine care,while the Obs group received 222-nm UV disinfection with empathetic psychological care.Emotional states[Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)],hospital infection rates,quality of life(36-Item Short Form Health Survey),and patient satisfaction were evaluated.RESULTS At baseline,there were no significant differences in SAS and SDS scores between the groups(P>0.05).Following care,both groups demonstrated reductions in SAS and SDS scores,with the Obs group exhibiting a significantly greater reduction(P<0.05).The Obs group also experienced a significantly lower overall hospital infection rate(P<0.05).Similarly,while baseline 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores did not differ significantly between the groups(P>0.05),post-care scores improved in both groups,with a greater improvement observed in the Obs group(P<0.05).Additionally,the Obs group reported higher patient satisfaction ratings(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of 222-nm UV disinfection and empathetic psychological care improves emotional states,reduces hospital infection rates,enhances the quality of life,and increases patient satisfaction among critically ill patients.展开更多
During thewater treatment process,chlorination and ultraviolet(UV)sterilization can modify microplastics(MPs)and alter their physicochemical properties,causing various changes between MPs and other pollutants.In this ...During thewater treatment process,chlorination and ultraviolet(UV)sterilization can modify microplastics(MPs)and alter their physicochemical properties,causing various changes between MPs and other pollutants.In this study,the impact of chlorination and UV modification on the physicochemical properties of polystyrene(PS)and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)were investigated,and the adsorption behavior of pefloxacin(PEF)before and after modificationwas examined.The effect of pH,ionic strength,dissolved organicmatter,heavymetal ions and other water environmental conditions on adsorption behavior was revealed.The results showed that PS had a higher adsorption capacity of PEF than PVC,and the modification increased the presence of O-containing functional groups in the MPs,thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity of both materials.Chlorination had a more significant impact on the physicochemical properties of MPs compared to UV irradiation within the same time period,leading to better adsorption performance of chlorination.The optimal pH for adsorption was found to be 6,and NaCl,sodium alginate and Cu2+would inhibit adsorption to varying degrees,among which the inhibition caused by pH was the strongest.Chlorination and UV modification would weaken the inhibitory effect of environmental factors on the adsorption of PEF by MPs.The main mechanisms of adsorption involved electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding.The study clarified the effects of modification on the physicochemical properties of MPs,providing reference for subsequent biotoxicity analysis and environmental protection studies.展开更多
This paper describes what is thought to be the first generation of a continuous wave deep ultraviolet laser at 275 nm by efficient frequency doubling of a blue-diode-pumped Pr:YLF laser at 550 nm.By employing a novel ...This paper describes what is thought to be the first generation of a continuous wave deep ultraviolet laser at 275 nm by efficient frequency doubling of a blue-diode-pumped Pr:YLF laser at 550 nm.By employing a novel fast-axis collimated blue semiconductor laser as the pump source,combined with a folded cavity and innovation coating technology,and utilizing a Brewster-cut BBO crystal for intracavity frequency doubling,TEM00 mode deep UV laser radiation at 275 nm with an output power of 351 mW is obtained.This marks the first report of achieving 275 nm laser generation based on Pr:LiYF4 to date.展开更多
Sulfates are always promising short-wave ultraviolet(UV)nonlinear optical(NLO)candidates,if their birefringence could be greatly improved.Here,in terms of the insufficient birefringence,the unity of heteroleptic tetra...Sulfates are always promising short-wave ultraviolet(UV)nonlinear optical(NLO)candidates,if their birefringence could be greatly improved.Here,in terms of the insufficient birefringence,the unity of heteroleptic tetrahedral groups and triangular ones was proposed and implemented.Thus,a new semiorganic crystal,[C(NH_(2))_(3)]S_(3)O_(6)(G_(2)S_(3)O_(6)),was obtained,which is composed of[S_(3)O_(6)]^(2-)and[C(NH_(2))_(3)]+groups.It exhibits excellent optical properties with a short absorption cutoff edge of 218 nm,a strong NLO response of 1.4×KH_(2)PO_(4),and more especially,a large birefringence of 0.097@546 nm.This birefringence leap makes the G_(2)S_(3)O_(6) crystal achieve a phase-matching behavior under a 532 nm laser.Thus,the synergy of[S_(3)O_(6)]^(2-)and[C(NH_(2))_(3)]~+groups results in excellent optical performances.This finding opens a new horizon for exploring novel UV NLO crystals.展开更多
Amorphous InGaZnO(IGZO)is a potential candidate for integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors(TFTs)owing to its low-temperature processability and high mobility.Amorphous InGaMgO/InGaZnO(IGMO/IGZO)heterojunct...Amorphous InGaZnO(IGZO)is a potential candidate for integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors(TFTs)owing to its low-temperature processability and high mobility.Amorphous InGaMgO/InGaZnO(IGMO/IGZO)heterojunction was deposited and TFTs based on IGMO/IGZO heterojunction were fabricated in this report.The energy band at the IGMO/IGZO heterojunction was characterized,and the potential well at the interface of IGZO is critical to the enhanced ultraviolet detection of the IGMO/IGZO heterojunction.Furthermore,the TFTs based on IGMO/IGZO heterojunction exhibited a high responsivity of 3.8×10^(3) A/W and a large detectivity of 5.2×10^(14) Jones under 350-nm ultraviolet illumination,which will also benefit for fabrication of monolithic ultraviolet sensing chip.展开更多
Wireless ultraviolet (UV) has strong scattering characteristics and can communicate through non-direct vision.When UV signals are transmitted in the atmosphere,they are affected by the absorption and scattering effect...Wireless ultraviolet (UV) has strong scattering characteristics and can communicate through non-direct vision.When UV signals are transmitted in the atmosphere,they are affected by the absorption and scattering effects of atmospheric particles and atmospheric turbulence,resulting in attenuation of UV signal energy and reduced reliability of the communication system.This paper focuses on the channel model of UV non-direct-view single scattering communication,and simulates and analyzes the communication characteristics of UV light in atmospheric turbulence and mixed aerosol environment under horizontal,vertical and oblique range communication scenarios.The results show that at equal relative humidity,the wireless UV non-directive scattering communication performance for vertical communication scenarios is more affected by the mixed aerosol environment and the communication performance is worse.展开更多
Self-powered photoelectrochemical-type(PEC)ultraviolet photodetectors(UV PDs)have been rapidly developed owing to their low-cost fabrication and good photodetection.However,achieving high-performance and selfpowered P...Self-powered photoelectrochemical-type(PEC)ultraviolet photodetectors(UV PDs)have been rapidly developed owing to their low-cost fabrication and good photodetection.However,achieving high-performance and selfpowered PEC UV PDs based on an individual material is still challenging.Therefore,developing more wide bandgap semiconductors for high-performance PEC UV PDs is attractive.Here,we demonstrate that ZnAl-LDH is suitable for self-powered PEC UV PDs with high responsivity and excellent wavelength selectivity for the first time.The responsivity is 29.25 mA/W(254 nm irradiation)and the UV/visible rejection ratio is 1037,surpassing most PEC UV PDs.Furthermore,the PEC UV PDs have fast response,good stability,and underwater optical communication capability.This work offers more chances for the development of high-performance PEC UV PDs and demonstrates the potential application of ZnAl-LDH in underwater optoelectronic devices.展开更多
This study examines diffuse ultraviolet(UV)emissions in the PHOENIX_00 region near galaxy clusters using GALEX deep observations.In the far-UV(FUV)and near-UV(NUV),we detected backgrounds of 125-200 and225-350 photon ...This study examines diffuse ultraviolet(UV)emissions in the PHOENIX_00 region near galaxy clusters using GALEX deep observations.In the far-UV(FUV)and near-UV(NUV),we detected backgrounds of 125-200 and225-350 photon units(PU),with scatters of±16 and±22 PU,respectively.A moderate FUV-NUV correlation and FUV/NUV ratio below unity indicate FUV-dominated emission and little molecular hydrogen fluorescence or hot-line contributions.Dust influences the FUV background more strongly than the NUV,and UV band emissions correlate more strongly at Galactic latitudes|gb|>71°.29.Infrared(IR)color ratios IR_(60)/IR_(100)(≈0.34±0.03)indicate homogeneous large-grain temperatures and depletion of small grains and PAHs,while IR60/IR25 below 3 indicates AGN activity in the region.The non-zero offsets of IR-UV plots 89 PU(FUV)and199 PU(NUV)indicate the region s baseline illumination and extragalactic radiation.Approximately 11%of the FUV offset and 23%of the NUV offset come from extragalactic background light,while the rest comes from dust-scattered starlight.Finally,our research shows that the interstellar radiation field directly affects the UV background,with the strength inversely proportional to local dust content.展开更多
[Objectives] To identify Pyrostegia venusta (Ker-Gawler.) Miers by microscope and ultraviolet spectrum. [Methods] The paraffin section, slide section and freehand section were used to make the cross section of the ste...[Objectives] To identify Pyrostegia venusta (Ker-Gawler.) Miers by microscope and ultraviolet spectrum. [Methods] The paraffin section, slide section and freehand section were used to make the cross section of the stem and leaf, and the surface of the leaf and the powder of the root, stem and leaf were made by the conventional method, which were observed under the optical microscope. Ultraviolet-visible spectrum identification was carried out according to a conventional method. [Results] The microscopic identification and ultraviolet-visible absorption characteristics of P. venusta (Ker-Gawler) Miers were described in detail. [Conclusions] This study is expected to provide a reference for the identification of P. venusta(KerGawler)Miers and the establishment of the related quality standard.展开更多
As a new layered semiconductor material,Bi_(2)SeO_(5) has shown potential in the field of ultraviolet electronic devices in recent years because of its unique crystal structure and wide band gap.In this paper,the crys...As a new layered semiconductor material,Bi_(2)SeO_(5) has shown potential in the field of ultraviolet electronic devices in recent years because of its unique crystal structure and wide band gap.In this paper,the crystal structure,electronic structure,and thermodynamic stability of Bi_(2)SeO_(5) are studied based on first-principles calculations.The ultraviolet luminescence property of BiSe defect is predicated from defect property,which provides theoretical basis for experimental design of high-performance Bi2SeO5 photoelectric devices.展开更多
The development of high-performance dual-band photodetectors(PDs)capable of simultaneous deep ultraviolet(DUV)and infrared(IR)detection is critical for advanced optoelectronic applications,particularly in missile warn...The development of high-performance dual-band photodetectors(PDs)capable of simultaneous deep ultraviolet(DUV)and infrared(IR)detection is critical for advanced optoelectronic applications,particularly in missile warning and target identification systems.Conventional UV/IR PDs often suffer from UV(320-400 nm)noise interference and limited responsivity due to the use of narrow-bandgap semiconductors and self-powered operation modes.To address these challenges,high-quality β-Ga_(2)O_(3)thin films were epitaxially grown on c-plane sapphire via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD),exhibiting excellent crystallinity and surface morphology.Unlike conventional heterojunctions(β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/graphene or β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/TMDs),the β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/BP structure leverages BP's tunable bandgap and high carrier mobility while maintaining strong type-Ⅱ band alignment,thereby facilitating efficient charge separation under both UV and IR illumination.We present a high-sensitivity dual-band PD based on a β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/black phosphorus(BP)pn heterojunction.The ultrawide bandgap of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)enables selective detection of DUV light while effectively suppressing interference from long-wave ultraviolet(UVA,320-400 nm),whereas BP provides a layer-dependent infrared(IR)response.Photocurrent analysis reveals distinct carrier transport mechanisms,with electrons dominating under UV illumination and holes contributing predominantly under IR exposure.A systematic investigation of the bias-dependent photoresponse demonstrates that the responsivity increases significantly at higher voltages.Under a 7 V bias,the device exhibits a high responsivity of 4.63×10^(-2)mA/W at 254 nm and 2.35×10^(-3)mA/W at 850 nm.This work not only provides a viable strategy for developing high-performance dual-band PDs but also advances the understanding of heterojunction-based optoelectronic devices for military and sensing applications.展开更多
This review describes the effects of ultraviolet-B （UV-B） radiation on plant growth and development, photosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments and UV-B absorbing compounds. Moreover, plant ecosystem level responses...This review describes the effects of ultraviolet-B （UV-B） radiation on plant growth and development, photosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments and UV-B absorbing compounds. Moreover, plant ecosystem level responses to elevated UV-B radiation and interactions of UV-B radiation with abiotic and biotic factors were also involved. Results collected in this review suggest that approximately two-thirds terrestrial plant species are significantly affected by increase in UV-B radiation, The majority of evidences indicate that elevated UV-B radiation is usually detrimental but there exists tremendous variability in the sensitivity of species to UV-B radiation, and sensitivity also differs among cultivars of the same species.展开更多
Ultraviolet radiation by its wavelength is divided into: UVA, UVB and UVC. Only UVA and UVB manage to penetrate the ozone layer, but due to anthropological activities, all of them are capable of interacting with human...Ultraviolet radiation by its wavelength is divided into: UVA, UVB and UVC. Only UVA and UVB manage to penetrate the ozone layer, but due to anthropological activities, all of them are capable of interacting with humans to a greater or lesser extent, and can generate adverse effects such as cellular stress when interacting with intra-and extracellular biomolecules. The skin is the first organ in contact with UV radiation, and the stress it generates can be analyzed by the expression of a bioindicator of cellular damage such as Hsp70. Therefore, the objective of the project was: to determine the effect of UVA, UVB and UVC radiation on HaCaT epithelial cells, by analyzing the expression of Hsp70. Materials and methods: HaCaT cells were cultured in vitro, which were irradiated with UVA, UVB and UVC light at different doses, to subsequently determine the degree of Hsp70 expression by Immunodetection by PAGE-SDS and Western Blot. Results: Basal expression of Hsp70 was observed in no irradiated HaCaT cells. When HaCaT cells were irradiated with UVA, UVB, UVC, an increase in this Hsp70 protein was observed. With UVA, a higher degree of expression was observed at a time of 30 minutes of irradiation. With UVB the highest expression shifted to a time of 20 minutes. With UVC, overexpression was observed after 10 minutes. Conclusion: UV radiation generates cellular stress on HaCaT cells, evaluated by the stress bioindicator Hsp70. According to the wavelength of UV radiation, those that have a shorter wavelength have a greater potential for cellular damage, such as UVC.展开更多
Ultraviolet （UV） aging is one of the main factors which cause premature damage of asphalt pavements in the Tibetan Plateau, China. According to the measured levels of UV radiation, aging tests of styrene-butadiene r...Ultraviolet （UV） aging is one of the main factors which cause premature damage of asphalt pavements in the Tibetan Plateau, China. According to the measured levels of UV radiation, aging tests of styrene-butadiene rubber （SBR） asphalts with different contents of three anti-UV-aging agents including nano-TiO2, CeO2 and carbon black are performed. Common indices, which include retained penetration after thin film oven tests （TFOT） and softening point, and strategic highway research program （SHRP） indices of aged asphalts are evaluated. Infrared absorption spectral analysis is performed on asphalt specimens with 0. 8% carbon black which have been aged for different aging times （500, 1000 and 1 500 h）. By grey incidence analysis, the optimal contents of anti-UV-aging agents are determined. The results show that TiO2 and CeO2 are not only good UV absorbing or shielding agents, but also strong oxidants. Carbon black is a good anti-UV-aging agent, and its optimal content is about 0. 8% of asphalt weight. UV aging of asphalt mainly occurs in the early stages of aging. The longer the aging time, the more severe the aging of asphalt.展开更多
A promising method to improve the attosecond pulse intensity has been theoretically pre- sented by properly adding an ultraviolet pulse into the orthogonal two-color field. The results show that by properly adding a 1...A promising method to improve the attosecond pulse intensity has been theoretically pre- sented by properly adding an ultraviolet pulse into the orthogonal two-color field. The results show that by properly adding a 125 nm ultraviolet pulse to the orthogonal two-color field, not only the harmonic yield is enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude compared with the original orthogonal two-color field case, but also the single short quantum path, which is selected to contribute to the harmonic spectrum, results in an ultrabroad 152 eV bandwidth. Moreover, by optimizing the laser parameters, we find that the harmonic enhancement is not very sen- sitive to the pulse duration and the polarized angle of the assisted ultraviolet pulse, which is much better for experimental realization. As a result, an isolated pulse with duration of 38 as can be obtained, which is 2 orders of magnitude improvement in comparison with the original two-color orthogonal field case.展开更多
In order to investigate the protective effect of aloe anthraquinones on growth and development of soybean against ultraviolet B radiation stress from the morphological structure and physio-chemical indices. The result...In order to investigate the protective effect of aloe anthraquinones on growth and development of soybean against ultraviolet B radiation stress from the morphological structure and physio-chemical indices. The results showed that, stressed by the enhanced ultraviolet b radiation, the soybean gave a dwarfed plant, shrunken leaf area and decreased photosynthetic pigment, while an ascended MDA content. Spraying aloe anthraquinones effectively relieved the reductions of chloro- phyll content and biomass and decreased the production of MDA under the radia- tion of UV-B. Moreover, under the UV-B radiation, waxy substances on epidermal cells increased remarkably and the stomas showed obvious subsidence, while spraying aloe anthraquinones could maintain the structure and shape of cells similar to that under natural light, and the stomas subsidence as well.展开更多
Progress in the design and fabrication of ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet groupⅢ–nitride optoelectronic devices,based on aluminum gallium nitride and boron nitride and their alloys,and the heterogeneous integration...Progress in the design and fabrication of ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet groupⅢ–nitride optoelectronic devices,based on aluminum gallium nitride and boron nitride and their alloys,and the heterogeneous integration with two-dimensional and oxide-based materials is reviewed.We emphasize wide-bandgap nitride compound semiconductors(i.e.,(B,Al,Ga)N)as the deep-ultraviolet materials of interest,and two-dimensional materials,namely graphene,two-dimensional boron nitride,and two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides,along with gallium oxide,as the hybrid integrated materials.We examine their crystallographic properties and elaborate on the challenges that hinder the realization of efficient and reliable ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet devices.In this article we provide an overview of aluminum nitride,sapphire,and gallium oxide as platforms for deep-ultraviolet optoelectronic devices,in which we criticize the status of sapphire as a platform for efficient deep-ultraviolet devices and detail advancements in device growth and fabrication on aluminum nitride and gallium oxide substrates.A critical review of the current status of deep-ultraviolet light emission and detection materials and devices is provided.展开更多
An impurity powder dropper was installed in the 21 st campaign of the Large Helical Device experiment(Oct.2019–Feb.2020)under a collaboration between the National Institute for Fusion Science and the Princeton Plasma...An impurity powder dropper was installed in the 21 st campaign of the Large Helical Device experiment(Oct.2019–Feb.2020)under a collaboration between the National Institute for Fusion Science and the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory for the purposes of real-time wall conditioning and edge plasma control.In order to assess the effective injection of the impurity powders,spectroscopic diagnostics were applied to observe line emission from the injected impurity.Thus,extreme-ultraviolet(EUV)and vacuum-ultraviolet(VUV)emission spectra were analyzed to summarize observable impurity lines with B and BN powder injection.Emission lines released from B and N ions were identified in the EUV wavelength range of 5–300Ameasured using two grazing incidence flat-field EUV spectrometers and in the VUV wavelength range of 300–2400Ameasured using three normal incidence 20 cm VUV spectrometers.BI–BV and NIII–NVII emission lines were identified in the discharges with the B and BN powder injection,respectively.Useful B and N emission lines which have large intensities and are isolated from other lines were successfully identified as follows:BI(1825.89,1826.40)A(blended),BII 1362.46A,BIII(677.00,677.14,677.16)A(blended),BIV 60.31A,BV 48.59A,NIII(989.79,991.51,991.58)A(blended),NIV765.15A,NV(209.27,209.31)A(blended),NVI 1896.80A,and NVII 24.78A.Applications of the line identifications to the advanced spectroscopic diagnostics were demonstrated,such as the vertical profile measurements for the BV and NVII lines using a space-resolved EUV spectrometer and the ion temperature measurement for the BII line using a normal incidence 3 m VUV spectrometer.展开更多
The photodegradation of persistent and bioaccumulative perftuorooctanoic acid （PFOA） in water by 185 nm vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） light was examined to develop an effective technology to deal with PFOA pollution. P...The photodegradation of persistent and bioaccumulative perftuorooctanoic acid （PFOA） in water by 185 nm vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） light was examined to develop an effective technology to deal with PFOA pollution. PFOA degraded very slowly under irradiation of 254 nm UV light. However, 61.7% of initial PFOA was degraded by 185 nm VUV light within 2 h, and defluorination ratio reached 17.1%. Pseudo first-order-kinetics well simulated its degradation and defluorination. Besides, fluoride ion formed in water, 4 shorter-chain perfluorinated carboxylic acids （PFCAs）, that is, perfluoroheptanoic acid, perfluorohexanoic acid, perfluoropentanoic acid, and perfluorobutanoic acid. These were identified as intermediates by LC-MS measurement. These PFCAs consecutively formed and further degraded with irradiation time. According to the mass balance calculation, no other byproducts were formed. It was proposed that PFCAs initially are decarboxylated by 185 nm light, and the radical thus formed reacts with water to form shorter-chain PFCA with one less CF2 unit.展开更多
Bormate （BrO3^-） is a carcinogenic chemical produced in ozonation or chlorination of bromide-containing water. Although its formation in seawater with or without sunlight has been previously investigated, the format...Bormate （BrO3^-） is a carcinogenic chemical produced in ozonation or chlorination of bromide-containing water. Although its formation in seawater with or without sunlight has been previously investigated, the formation of bromate in dilute solutions, particularly raw water for water treatment plant, is unknown. In this article, the results of bench scale tests to measure the formation rates of bromate formation in dilute solutions, including de-ionized water and raw water from Yangtze River, were presented in dark chlorination and ultraviolet （UV）/chlorination processes. And the effects of initial pH, initial concentration of NaOCl, and UV light intensity on bromate formation in UV/chlorination of the diluted solutions were investigated. Detectable bromate was formed in dark chlorination of the two water samples with a relatively slow production rate. Under routine disinfecting conditions, the amount of formed bromate is not likely to exceed the national standards （10 μg/L）. UV irradiation enhanced the decay of free chlorine, and, simultaneously, 6.6%-32% of Br^- was oxidized to BrO3^-. And the formation of bromate exhibited three stages： rapid stage, slow stage and plateau. Under the experimental conditions （pH = 4.41-11.07, CCl2= 1.23-4.50 mg/L）, low pH and high chlorine concentration favored the generation of bromate. High light intensity promoted the production rate of bromate, but decreased its total generation amount due to acceleration of chlorine decomposition.展开更多
基金Supported by Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University“Sailing Plan”,No.DTQH-202405.
文摘BACKGROUND Empathetic psychological care improves mood and enhances the quality of life in critically ill patients.AIM To study the impact of combining 222-nm ultraviolet(UV)disinfection with empathetic psychological care on emotional states,nosocomial infection rates,and quality of life in critically ill patients.METHODS A total of 202 critically ill patients admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital(December 2023 to May 2024)were randomly assigned to control(Ctrl,n=101)or observation groups(Obs,n=101).The Ctrl group received 222-nm UV disinfection and routine care,while the Obs group received 222-nm UV disinfection with empathetic psychological care.Emotional states[Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)],hospital infection rates,quality of life(36-Item Short Form Health Survey),and patient satisfaction were evaluated.RESULTS At baseline,there were no significant differences in SAS and SDS scores between the groups(P>0.05).Following care,both groups demonstrated reductions in SAS and SDS scores,with the Obs group exhibiting a significantly greater reduction(P<0.05).The Obs group also experienced a significantly lower overall hospital infection rate(P<0.05).Similarly,while baseline 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores did not differ significantly between the groups(P>0.05),post-care scores improved in both groups,with a greater improvement observed in the Obs group(P<0.05).Additionally,the Obs group reported higher patient satisfaction ratings(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of 222-nm UV disinfection and empathetic psychological care improves emotional states,reduces hospital infection rates,enhances the quality of life,and increases patient satisfaction among critically ill patients.
基金supported by the Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2023-054)the Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province,China(No.20210302123121)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52170045).
文摘During thewater treatment process,chlorination and ultraviolet(UV)sterilization can modify microplastics(MPs)and alter their physicochemical properties,causing various changes between MPs and other pollutants.In this study,the impact of chlorination and UV modification on the physicochemical properties of polystyrene(PS)and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)were investigated,and the adsorption behavior of pefloxacin(PEF)before and after modificationwas examined.The effect of pH,ionic strength,dissolved organicmatter,heavymetal ions and other water environmental conditions on adsorption behavior was revealed.The results showed that PS had a higher adsorption capacity of PEF than PVC,and the modification increased the presence of O-containing functional groups in the MPs,thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity of both materials.Chlorination had a more significant impact on the physicochemical properties of MPs compared to UV irradiation within the same time period,leading to better adsorption performance of chlorination.The optimal pH for adsorption was found to be 6,and NaCl,sodium alginate and Cu2+would inhibit adsorption to varying degrees,among which the inhibition caused by pH was the strongest.Chlorination and UV modification would weaken the inhibitory effect of environmental factors on the adsorption of PEF by MPs.The main mechanisms of adsorption involved electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding.The study clarified the effects of modification on the physicochemical properties of MPs,providing reference for subsequent biotoxicity analysis and environmental protection studies.
文摘This paper describes what is thought to be the first generation of a continuous wave deep ultraviolet laser at 275 nm by efficient frequency doubling of a blue-diode-pumped Pr:YLF laser at 550 nm.By employing a novel fast-axis collimated blue semiconductor laser as the pump source,combined with a folded cavity and innovation coating technology,and utilizing a Brewster-cut BBO crystal for intracavity frequency doubling,TEM00 mode deep UV laser radiation at 275 nm with an output power of 351 mW is obtained.This marks the first report of achieving 275 nm laser generation based on Pr:LiYF4 to date.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52172009 and 12275274)the Science and Technology Project of Fujian Province(Nos.2021J01519 and 2021H0043)the Instrument Developing Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.YJKYYQ20210033)。
文摘Sulfates are always promising short-wave ultraviolet(UV)nonlinear optical(NLO)candidates,if their birefringence could be greatly improved.Here,in terms of the insufficient birefringence,the unity of heteroleptic tetrahedral groups and triangular ones was proposed and implemented.Thus,a new semiorganic crystal,[C(NH_(2))_(3)]S_(3)O_(6)(G_(2)S_(3)O_(6)),was obtained,which is composed of[S_(3)O_(6)]^(2-)and[C(NH_(2))_(3)]+groups.It exhibits excellent optical properties with a short absorption cutoff edge of 218 nm,a strong NLO response of 1.4×KH_(2)PO_(4),and more especially,a large birefringence of 0.097@546 nm.This birefringence leap makes the G_(2)S_(3)O_(6) crystal achieve a phase-matching behavior under a 532 nm laser.Thus,the synergy of[S_(3)O_(6)]^(2-)and[C(NH_(2))_(3)]~+groups results in excellent optical performances.This finding opens a new horizon for exploring novel UV NLO crystals.
基金supported by the Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U21A2071).
文摘Amorphous InGaZnO(IGZO)is a potential candidate for integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors(TFTs)owing to its low-temperature processability and high mobility.Amorphous InGaMgO/InGaZnO(IGMO/IGZO)heterojunction was deposited and TFTs based on IGMO/IGZO heterojunction were fabricated in this report.The energy band at the IGMO/IGZO heterojunction was characterized,and the potential well at the interface of IGZO is critical to the enhanced ultraviolet detection of the IGMO/IGZO heterojunction.Furthermore,the TFTs based on IGMO/IGZO heterojunction exhibited a high responsivity of 3.8×10^(3) A/W and a large detectivity of 5.2×10^(14) Jones under 350-nm ultraviolet illumination,which will also benefit for fabrication of monolithic ultraviolet sensing chip.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61971345)the Shaanxi Province Key R&D Program General Project (No.2021GY044)the Open Fund for Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (No.2022RYY01)。
文摘Wireless ultraviolet (UV) has strong scattering characteristics and can communicate through non-direct vision.When UV signals are transmitted in the atmosphere,they are affected by the absorption and scattering effects of atmospheric particles and atmospheric turbulence,resulting in attenuation of UV signal energy and reduced reliability of the communication system.This paper focuses on the channel model of UV non-direct-view single scattering communication,and simulates and analyzes the communication characteristics of UV light in atmospheric turbulence and mixed aerosol environment under horizontal,vertical and oblique range communication scenarios.The results show that at equal relative humidity,the wireless UV non-directive scattering communication performance for vertical communication scenarios is more affected by the mixed aerosol environment and the communication performance is worse.
基金support from the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.YQ2020E003).
文摘Self-powered photoelectrochemical-type(PEC)ultraviolet photodetectors(UV PDs)have been rapidly developed owing to their low-cost fabrication and good photodetection.However,achieving high-performance and selfpowered PEC UV PDs based on an individual material is still challenging.Therefore,developing more wide bandgap semiconductors for high-performance PEC UV PDs is attractive.Here,we demonstrate that ZnAl-LDH is suitable for self-powered PEC UV PDs with high responsivity and excellent wavelength selectivity for the first time.The responsivity is 29.25 mA/W(254 nm irradiation)and the UV/visible rejection ratio is 1037,surpassing most PEC UV PDs.Furthermore,the PEC UV PDs have fast response,good stability,and underwater optical communication capability.This work offers more chances for the development of high-performance PEC UV PDs and demonstrates the potential application of ZnAl-LDH in underwater optoelectronic devices.
文摘This study examines diffuse ultraviolet(UV)emissions in the PHOENIX_00 region near galaxy clusters using GALEX deep observations.In the far-UV(FUV)and near-UV(NUV),we detected backgrounds of 125-200 and225-350 photon units(PU),with scatters of±16 and±22 PU,respectively.A moderate FUV-NUV correlation and FUV/NUV ratio below unity indicate FUV-dominated emission and little molecular hydrogen fluorescence or hot-line contributions.Dust influences the FUV background more strongly than the NUV,and UV band emissions correlate more strongly at Galactic latitudes|gb|>71°.29.Infrared(IR)color ratios IR_(60)/IR_(100)(≈0.34±0.03)indicate homogeneous large-grain temperatures and depletion of small grains and PAHs,while IR60/IR25 below 3 indicates AGN activity in the region.The non-zero offsets of IR-UV plots 89 PU(FUV)and199 PU(NUV)indicate the region s baseline illumination and extragalactic radiation.Approximately 11%of the FUV offset and 23%of the NUV offset come from extragalactic background light,while the rest comes from dust-scattered starlight.Finally,our research shows that the interstellar radiation field directly affects the UV background,with the strength inversely proportional to local dust content.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Program of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(P200246).
文摘[Objectives] To identify Pyrostegia venusta (Ker-Gawler.) Miers by microscope and ultraviolet spectrum. [Methods] The paraffin section, slide section and freehand section were used to make the cross section of the stem and leaf, and the surface of the leaf and the powder of the root, stem and leaf were made by the conventional method, which were observed under the optical microscope. Ultraviolet-visible spectrum identification was carried out according to a conventional method. [Results] The microscopic identification and ultraviolet-visible absorption characteristics of P. venusta (Ker-Gawler) Miers were described in detail. [Conclusions] This study is expected to provide a reference for the identification of P. venusta(KerGawler)Miers and the establishment of the related quality standard.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12404093the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No.2021M702915.
文摘As a new layered semiconductor material,Bi_(2)SeO_(5) has shown potential in the field of ultraviolet electronic devices in recent years because of its unique crystal structure and wide band gap.In this paper,the crystal structure,electronic structure,and thermodynamic stability of Bi_(2)SeO_(5) are studied based on first-principles calculations.The ultraviolet luminescence property of BiSe defect is predicated from defect property,which provides theoretical basis for experimental design of high-performance Bi2SeO5 photoelectric devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U22A2073)。
文摘The development of high-performance dual-band photodetectors(PDs)capable of simultaneous deep ultraviolet(DUV)and infrared(IR)detection is critical for advanced optoelectronic applications,particularly in missile warning and target identification systems.Conventional UV/IR PDs often suffer from UV(320-400 nm)noise interference and limited responsivity due to the use of narrow-bandgap semiconductors and self-powered operation modes.To address these challenges,high-quality β-Ga_(2)O_(3)thin films were epitaxially grown on c-plane sapphire via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD),exhibiting excellent crystallinity and surface morphology.Unlike conventional heterojunctions(β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/graphene or β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/TMDs),the β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/BP structure leverages BP's tunable bandgap and high carrier mobility while maintaining strong type-Ⅱ band alignment,thereby facilitating efficient charge separation under both UV and IR illumination.We present a high-sensitivity dual-band PD based on a β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/black phosphorus(BP)pn heterojunction.The ultrawide bandgap of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)enables selective detection of DUV light while effectively suppressing interference from long-wave ultraviolet(UVA,320-400 nm),whereas BP provides a layer-dependent infrared(IR)response.Photocurrent analysis reveals distinct carrier transport mechanisms,with electrons dominating under UV illumination and holes contributing predominantly under IR exposure.A systematic investigation of the bias-dependent photoresponse demonstrates that the responsivity increases significantly at higher voltages.Under a 7 V bias,the device exhibits a high responsivity of 4.63×10^(-2)mA/W at 254 nm and 2.35×10^(-3)mA/W at 850 nm.This work not only provides a viable strategy for developing high-performance dual-band PDs but also advances the understanding of heterojunction-based optoelectronic devices for military and sensing applications.
基金supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China (30700085)the National Basic Re-search Program of China (2009CB421101)
文摘This review describes the effects of ultraviolet-B （UV-B） radiation on plant growth and development, photosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments and UV-B absorbing compounds. Moreover, plant ecosystem level responses to elevated UV-B radiation and interactions of UV-B radiation with abiotic and biotic factors were also involved. Results collected in this review suggest that approximately two-thirds terrestrial plant species are significantly affected by increase in UV-B radiation, The majority of evidences indicate that elevated UV-B radiation is usually detrimental but there exists tremendous variability in the sensitivity of species to UV-B radiation, and sensitivity also differs among cultivars of the same species.
文摘Ultraviolet radiation by its wavelength is divided into: UVA, UVB and UVC. Only UVA and UVB manage to penetrate the ozone layer, but due to anthropological activities, all of them are capable of interacting with humans to a greater or lesser extent, and can generate adverse effects such as cellular stress when interacting with intra-and extracellular biomolecules. The skin is the first organ in contact with UV radiation, and the stress it generates can be analyzed by the expression of a bioindicator of cellular damage such as Hsp70. Therefore, the objective of the project was: to determine the effect of UVA, UVB and UVC radiation on HaCaT epithelial cells, by analyzing the expression of Hsp70. Materials and methods: HaCaT cells were cultured in vitro, which were irradiated with UVA, UVB and UVC light at different doses, to subsequently determine the degree of Hsp70 expression by Immunodetection by PAGE-SDS and Western Blot. Results: Basal expression of Hsp70 was observed in no irradiated HaCaT cells. When HaCaT cells were irradiated with UVA, UVB, UVC, an increase in this Hsp70 protein was observed. With UVA, a higher degree of expression was observed at a time of 30 minutes of irradiation. With UVB the highest expression shifted to a time of 20 minutes. With UVC, overexpression was observed after 10 minutes. Conclusion: UV radiation generates cellular stress on HaCaT cells, evaluated by the stress bioindicator Hsp70. According to the wavelength of UV radiation, those that have a shorter wavelength have a greater potential for cellular damage, such as UVC.
文摘Ultraviolet （UV） aging is one of the main factors which cause premature damage of asphalt pavements in the Tibetan Plateau, China. According to the measured levels of UV radiation, aging tests of styrene-butadiene rubber （SBR） asphalts with different contents of three anti-UV-aging agents including nano-TiO2, CeO2 and carbon black are performed. Common indices, which include retained penetration after thin film oven tests （TFOT） and softening point, and strategic highway research program （SHRP） indices of aged asphalts are evaluated. Infrared absorption spectral analysis is performed on asphalt specimens with 0. 8% carbon black which have been aged for different aging times （500, 1000 and 1 500 h）. By grey incidence analysis, the optimal contents of anti-UV-aging agents are determined. The results show that TiO2 and CeO2 are not only good UV absorbing or shielding agents, but also strong oxidants. Carbon black is a good anti-UV-aging agent, and its optimal content is about 0. 8% of asphalt weight. UV aging of asphalt mainly occurs in the early stages of aging. The longer the aging time, the more severe the aging of asphalt.
文摘A promising method to improve the attosecond pulse intensity has been theoretically pre- sented by properly adding an ultraviolet pulse into the orthogonal two-color field. The results show that by properly adding a 125 nm ultraviolet pulse to the orthogonal two-color field, not only the harmonic yield is enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude compared with the original orthogonal two-color field case, but also the single short quantum path, which is selected to contribute to the harmonic spectrum, results in an ultrabroad 152 eV bandwidth. Moreover, by optimizing the laser parameters, we find that the harmonic enhancement is not very sen- sitive to the pulse duration and the polarized angle of the assisted ultraviolet pulse, which is much better for experimental realization. As a result, an isolated pulse with duration of 38 as can be obtained, which is 2 orders of magnitude improvement in comparison with the original two-color orthogonal field case.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270225)~~
文摘In order to investigate the protective effect of aloe anthraquinones on growth and development of soybean against ultraviolet B radiation stress from the morphological structure and physio-chemical indices. The results showed that, stressed by the enhanced ultraviolet b radiation, the soybean gave a dwarfed plant, shrunken leaf area and decreased photosynthetic pigment, while an ascended MDA content. Spraying aloe anthraquinones effectively relieved the reductions of chloro- phyll content and biomass and decreased the production of MDA under the radia- tion of UV-B. Moreover, under the UV-B radiation, waxy substances on epidermal cells increased remarkably and the stomas showed obvious subsidence, while spraying aloe anthraquinones could maintain the structure and shape of cells similar to that under natural light, and the stomas subsidence as well.
基金financial support from the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) under grant no. KACST TIC R2-FP-008partially supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) baseline funding no. BAS/1/1614-01-01MBE equipment funding no. C/M-20000-12-001-77 and KCR/1/4055-01-01
文摘Progress in the design and fabrication of ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet groupⅢ–nitride optoelectronic devices,based on aluminum gallium nitride and boron nitride and their alloys,and the heterogeneous integration with two-dimensional and oxide-based materials is reviewed.We emphasize wide-bandgap nitride compound semiconductors(i.e.,(B,Al,Ga)N)as the deep-ultraviolet materials of interest,and two-dimensional materials,namely graphene,two-dimensional boron nitride,and two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides,along with gallium oxide,as the hybrid integrated materials.We examine their crystallographic properties and elaborate on the challenges that hinder the realization of efficient and reliable ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet devices.In this article we provide an overview of aluminum nitride,sapphire,and gallium oxide as platforms for deep-ultraviolet optoelectronic devices,in which we criticize the status of sapphire as a platform for efficient deep-ultraviolet devices and detail advancements in device growth and fabrication on aluminum nitride and gallium oxide substrates.A critical review of the current status of deep-ultraviolet light emission and detection materials and devices is provided.
基金supported by the Post-CUP programJSPSCAS Bilateral Joint Research Projects,‘Control of wall recycling on metallic plasma facing materials in fusionreactor,’2019–2022,(No.GJHZ201984)+2 种基金US Department of Energy(No.DE-AC02-09CH11466)with Princeton Universitythe LHD project financial support(Nos.ULPP010,ULFF022)JSPS KAKENHI(Nos.17K14426,20K03896)。
文摘An impurity powder dropper was installed in the 21 st campaign of the Large Helical Device experiment(Oct.2019–Feb.2020)under a collaboration between the National Institute for Fusion Science and the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory for the purposes of real-time wall conditioning and edge plasma control.In order to assess the effective injection of the impurity powders,spectroscopic diagnostics were applied to observe line emission from the injected impurity.Thus,extreme-ultraviolet(EUV)and vacuum-ultraviolet(VUV)emission spectra were analyzed to summarize observable impurity lines with B and BN powder injection.Emission lines released from B and N ions were identified in the EUV wavelength range of 5–300Ameasured using two grazing incidence flat-field EUV spectrometers and in the VUV wavelength range of 300–2400Ameasured using three normal incidence 20 cm VUV spectrometers.BI–BV and NIII–NVII emission lines were identified in the discharges with the B and BN powder injection,respectively.Useful B and N emission lines which have large intensities and are isolated from other lines were successfully identified as follows:BI(1825.89,1826.40)A(blended),BII 1362.46A,BIII(677.00,677.14,677.16)A(blended),BIV 60.31A,BV 48.59A,NIII(989.79,991.51,991.58)A(blended),NIV765.15A,NV(209.27,209.31)A(blended),NVI 1896.80A,and NVII 24.78A.Applications of the line identifications to the advanced spectroscopic diagnostics were demonstrated,such as the vertical profile measurements for the BV and NVII lines using a space-resolved EUV spectrometer and the ion temperature measurement for the BII line using a normal incidence 3 m VUV spectrometer.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20577026) the New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-04-0090).
文摘The photodegradation of persistent and bioaccumulative perftuorooctanoic acid （PFOA） in water by 185 nm vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） light was examined to develop an effective technology to deal with PFOA pollution. PFOA degraded very slowly under irradiation of 254 nm UV light. However, 61.7% of initial PFOA was degraded by 185 nm VUV light within 2 h, and defluorination ratio reached 17.1%. Pseudo first-order-kinetics well simulated its degradation and defluorination. Besides, fluoride ion formed in water, 4 shorter-chain perfluorinated carboxylic acids （PFCAs）, that is, perfluoroheptanoic acid, perfluorohexanoic acid, perfluoropentanoic acid, and perfluorobutanoic acid. These were identified as intermediates by LC-MS measurement. These PFCAs consecutively formed and further degraded with irradiation time. According to the mass balance calculation, no other byproducts were formed. It was proposed that PFCAs initially are decarboxylated by 185 nm light, and the radical thus formed reacts with water to form shorter-chain PFCA with one less CF2 unit.
文摘Bormate （BrO3^-） is a carcinogenic chemical produced in ozonation or chlorination of bromide-containing water. Although its formation in seawater with or without sunlight has been previously investigated, the formation of bromate in dilute solutions, particularly raw water for water treatment plant, is unknown. In this article, the results of bench scale tests to measure the formation rates of bromate formation in dilute solutions, including de-ionized water and raw water from Yangtze River, were presented in dark chlorination and ultraviolet （UV）/chlorination processes. And the effects of initial pH, initial concentration of NaOCl, and UV light intensity on bromate formation in UV/chlorination of the diluted solutions were investigated. Detectable bromate was formed in dark chlorination of the two water samples with a relatively slow production rate. Under routine disinfecting conditions, the amount of formed bromate is not likely to exceed the national standards （10 μg/L）. UV irradiation enhanced the decay of free chlorine, and, simultaneously, 6.6%-32% of Br^- was oxidized to BrO3^-. And the formation of bromate exhibited three stages： rapid stage, slow stage and plateau. Under the experimental conditions （pH = 4.41-11.07, CCl2= 1.23-4.50 mg/L）, low pH and high chlorine concentration favored the generation of bromate. High light intensity promoted the production rate of bromate, but decreased its total generation amount due to acceleration of chlorine decomposition.
