BACKGROUND The treatment technology of liver cancer is progressing.In addition to traditional surgical resection,combined therapies of immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors,chemotherapy,and transcatheter...BACKGROUND The treatment technology of liver cancer is progressing.In addition to traditional surgical resection,combined therapies of immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors,chemotherapy,and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma are more and more widely used.Accurate preoperative diagnosis of liver cancer will provide important information for comprehensive treatment and prognosis evaluation of liver cancer.Sonazoidcontrast-enhanced ultrasound is not only helpful for the qualitative diagnosis of liver lesions,but also has great potential in the diagnosis of histological differentiation of liver cancer.AIM To assess the differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)by utilizing the parameters and imaging features of Sonazoid-contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS).METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the CEUS data of 239 lesions through case-control study.These patients received Sonazoid-CEUS within one week before surgery and were confirmed as HCC by postoperative pathology.Within the cases,patients were further categorized into well-differentiated and poorlydifferentiated group.Time-intensity curves of the region of interest in both arterial and Kupffer phases were generated,allowing for the acquisition of quantitative parameters to assess the diagnostic efficacy in distinguishing lesions between these two groups and determining an appropriate cut-off value.RESULTS Univariate analysis showed that the absolute value of enhancement intensity(EIAV),intensity ratio(IR)and intensity difference(ID)in Kupffer phase were statistically different between the groups with different degree(P=0.015,P=0.000,P=0.000).The sensitivity and specificity were 40.2%,82.4%,80.4% and 78.1%,86.9% and 74.5%,respectively,for differentiating HCC lesions with EIAV≥56.384 dB,IR≥1.215 and ID≥9.184 dB.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.590,0.877,0.815.There was no significant difference in the parameters of arterial phase,including peak time,initial growth time,rise time and the absolute value of peak intensity of lesions between the two groups(P>0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the level of alphafetoprotein(AFP)and IR were risk factors for poor differentiation(P=0.001).CONCLUSION Among the parameters of Sonazoid-CEUS,IR in Kupffer phase exhibits superior diagnostic efficacy with high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnose of pathological differentiation of HCC.Combined with preoperative AFP level,a more accurate diagnosis will be obtained.Compared with portal vein phase,Kupffer phase showed the ability to identify HCC lesions more sensitive.These findings hold significant guiding implications and reference value for clinical practice.展开更多
Wearable ultrasound devices represent a transformative advancement in therapeutic applications,offering noninvasive,continuous,and targeted treatment for deep tissues.These systems leverage flexible materials(e.g.,pie...Wearable ultrasound devices represent a transformative advancement in therapeutic applications,offering noninvasive,continuous,and targeted treatment for deep tissues.These systems leverage flexible materials(e.g.,piezoelectric composites,biodegradable polymers)and conformable designs to enable stable integration with dynamic anatomical surfaces.Key innovations include ultrasound-enhanced drug delivery through cavitation-mediated transdermal penetration,accelerated tissue regeneration via mechanical and electrical stimulation,and precise neuromodulation using focused acoustic waves.Recent developments demonstrate wireless operation,real-time monitoring,and closed-loop therapy,facilitated by energy-efficient transducers and AI-driven adaptive control.Despite progress,challenges persist in material durability,clinical validation,and scalable manufacturing.Future directions highlight the integration of nanomaterials,3D-printed architectures,and multimodal sensing for personalized medicine.This technology holds significant potential to redefine chronic disease management,postoperative recovery,and neurorehabilitation,bridging the gap between clinical and home-based care.展开更多
Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without ...Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without the dependence of antibiotic.Methods:Herein,we prepared ultrasound/magnetic field-responsive ferroferric oxide nanoparticles(Fe_(3)O_(4))/glucose oxidase microbubbles(FGMB)to form a cascade catalytic system for effective removing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.FGMB were prepared through interfacial self-assembly of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles(NPs)and glucose oxidase(GOx)at the gas-liquid interface stabilized by surfactants.Under ultrasound/magnetic field stimulation,FGMB disrupted biofilm architecture through microbubble collapse-induced microjets and magnetically driven displacement.Simultaneously,ultrasound-triggered rupture of FGMB released GOx and Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs.Glucose can be oxidized by GOx to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide which was subsequently catalyzed into hydroxyl radicals by Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs,enabling chemical eradication of biofilm-embedded bacteria.Results:Optical microscopy images demonstrated that FGMB have spherical structure with average size of approximately 17μm.FGMB showed a 65.4%decrease in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm biomass and 1.1 log bacterial inactivation efficiency(91.2%),suggesting effective biofilm elimination.In vitro experimental results also indicate that FGMB have good biocompatibility.Conclusion:This antibiofilm strategy integrated dual modes of physical biofilm disruption with chemical bacteria-killing shows great potential as a versatile,non-resistant strategy for bacterial biofilm elimination.展开更多
AIM:To investigate age-related differences in the irislens angle(ILA)among patients with age-related cortical cataracts and elucidate the impact of age on lens stability.METHODS:A prospective observational study was c...AIM:To investigate age-related differences in the irislens angle(ILA)among patients with age-related cortical cataracts and elucidate the impact of age on lens stability.METHODS:A prospective observational study was conducted on patients with age-related cortical cataracts scheduled for phacoemulsification surgery.Preoperative ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)images were collected and analyzed.Initially,patients were stratified into two age groups:<60y and≥60y,with no significant intergroup differences in sex or eye laterality.For further analysis,participants were subdivided into three age strata:<60y,60-75y,and>75y.The ILA was measured in four quadrants(superior,inferior,nasal,and temporal).Intergroup differences in ILA were compared,and correlations between age and ILA parameters were analyzed using statistical methods.RESULTS:The sample data were categorized into three groups according to age,<60y(113 patients;55.8%female),60–75y(245 patients;61.0%female),and>75y(70 patients;50.2%female).The superior quadrant ILA increased progressively with age stratification(P=0.02),and the maximum ILA difference(ΔILA)was significantly higher in patients over 75y(P<0.01).Simple linear regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between age and ILA in the superior(Y=7.487+0.096X,R=0.191,P<0.001)and temporal(Y=10.254+0.052X,R=0.104,P=0.032)quadrants.Additionally,the mean ILA across all quadrants(ILAmean)andΔILA were positively correlated with age(ILAmean:Y=9.721+0.055X,R=0.138,P=0.004;ΔILA:Y=3.267+0.044X,R=0.006,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:In patients with age-related cortical cataracts,ILA increases with age,particularly in the superior and temporal quadrants,suggesting that advanced age is associated with greater lens deviation and decreased lens stability.UBM imaging can effectively evaluate the status of the zonule and lens stability,providing crucial evidence for personalized surgical planning based on patients’age.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)is revolutionizing medical imaging,particularly in chronic liver diseases assessment.AI technologies,including machine learning and deep learning,are increasingly integrated with multiparame...Artificial intelligence(AI)is revolutionizing medical imaging,particularly in chronic liver diseases assessment.AI technologies,including machine learning and deep learning,are increasingly integrated with multiparametric ultrasound(US)techniques to provide more accurate,objective,and non-invasive evaluations of liver fibrosis and steatosis.Analyzing large datasets from US images,AI enhances diagnostic precision,enabling better quantification of liver stiffness and fat content,which are essential for diagnosing and staging liver fibrosis and steatosis.Combining advanced US modalities,such as elastography and doppler imaging with AI,has demonstrated improved sensitivity in identifying different stages of liver disease and distinguishing various degrees of steatotic liver.These advancements also contribute to greater reproducibility and reduced operator dependency,addressing some of the limitations of traditional methods.The clinical implications of AI in liver disease are vast,ranging from early detection to predicting disease progression and evaluating treatment response.Despite these promising developments,challenges such as the need for large-scale datasets,algorithm transparency,and clinical validation remain.The aim of this review is to explore the current applications and future potential of AI in liver fibrosis and steatosis assessment using multiparametric US,highlighting the technological advances and clinical relevance of this emerging field.展开更多
Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance to...Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.展开更多
目的:分析超声GI-RADS分类在卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别中的应用价值。方法:选取2020年1月—2021年1月绵阳市中心医院收治的76例卵巢肿瘤患者,根据病理检查结果分为恶性组(n=16)与良性组(n=60),统计超声特征与血流情况,分析超声GI-RADS分类方...目的:分析超声GI-RADS分类在卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别中的应用价值。方法:选取2020年1月—2021年1月绵阳市中心医院收治的76例卵巢肿瘤患者,根据病理检查结果分为恶性组(n=16)与良性组(n=60),统计超声特征与血流情况,分析超声GI-RADS分类方法。结果:结合超声GI-RADS分类结果,76例患者中恶性肿瘤14例,良性肿瘤62例。恶性组病灶单发、直径≥3 c m、低回声、基底宽所占比例均显著高于良性组(P<0.01);恶性组卵巢动脉血流峰值速度高于良性组,阻力指数低于良性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);良性组患者的PSV、EDV低于恶性组,PI、RI高于恶性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);将病理检查作为金标准,超声GI-RADS诊断卵巢肿瘤良恶性灵敏度为87.50%,特异度为100.00%。结论:针对卵巢肿瘤良恶性鉴别,应用超声GI-RADS,其鉴别依据结合影像学特征与血流状况,具有理想的敏感性与特异性,可在临床提倡。展开更多
目的:比较恶性风险指数4(risk of malignancy index 4,RM14)、超声国际卵巢肿瘤研究组(International Ovarian of Tumor Analysis,IOTA)简易标准及妇科影像报告与数据系统(gynecolog icimaging reporting and data system,GI-RADS)鉴别...目的:比较恶性风险指数4(risk of malignancy index 4,RM14)、超声国际卵巢肿瘤研究组(International Ovarian of Tumor Analysis,IOTA)简易标准及妇科影像报告与数据系统(gynecolog icimaging reporting and data system,GI-RADS)鉴别诊断卵巢良恶性肿瘤的价值。方法:回顾分析对比经术后病理或最终临床随访证实的299例卵巢肿瘤患者的超声图像特征,分别用RMI4、IOTA简易标准和GI-RADS预测其肿块的良恶性,比较3种方法鉴别诊断卵巢肿瘤的效能。结果:299例卵巢肿块中,良性肿瘤191例,恶性肿瘤108例。IOTA简易标准的敏感度与准确度均高于GI-RADS,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.860,P=0.015;χ^(2)=7.650,P=0.006),特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值的差异则无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.276,P=0.131;χ^(2)=2.599,P=0.107;χ^(2)=5.465,P=0.019);IOTA简易标准的敏感度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度均高于RMI4,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.415,P<0.017;χ^(2)=6.841,P<0.017;χ^(2)=16.897,P<0.017;χ^(2)=22.643,P<0.017),特异度的差异则无统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.702,P=0.030);GI-RADS的敏感度高于RMI4,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.939,P=0.015),特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度的差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.517,P=0.472;χ^(2)=1.220,P=0.269;χ^(2)=4.336,P=0.037;χ^(2)=5.050,P=0.025)。结论:IOTA简易标准、GI-RADS与RMI4对鉴别卵巢良恶性肿块均有重要临床价值,其中IOTA简易标准诊断效能最优。展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the dev...Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the development of effective drug therapies for Alzheimer’s disease.The use of ultrasound as a novel physical modulation approach has garnered widespread attention in recent years.As a safe and feasible therapeutic and drug-delivery method,ultrasound has shown promise in improving cognitive deficits.This article provides a summary of the application of ultrasound technology for treating Alzheimer’s disease over the past 5 years,including standalone ultrasound treatment,ultrasound combined with microbubbles or drug therapy,and magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound therapy.Emphasis is placed on the benefits of introducing these treatment methods and their potential mechanisms.We found that several ultrasound methods can open the blood-brain barrier and effectively alleviate amyloid-βplaque deposition.We believe that ultrasound is an effective therapy for Alzheimer’s disease,and this review provides a theoretical basis for future ultrasound treatment methods.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer is recognized as one of the leading causes of cancer mortality,representing the second most common source of cancer-related deaths within the gastrointestinal domain.Surgical resection is currently t...Pancreatic cancer is recognized as one of the leading causes of cancer mortality,representing the second most common source of cancer-related deaths within the gastrointestinal domain.Surgical resection is currently the only definitive treatment;however,the subtle emergence of symptoms often leads to a diagnosis at an advanced stage,with merely 10%-15%of patients being eligible for surgical intervention.The primary obstacle to achieving a potential radical resection is the presence of distant metastatic disease or invasion of adjacent major vascular structures.This review aims to highlight the critical role of endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic tumors.We systematically searched PubMed,MEDLINE and Web of Science by using‘pancreatic cancer’and‘endoscopic ultrasonography’as keywords.Relevant studies were reviewed and analyzed.Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)is efficient in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer,past studies reported the accuracy of EUS is 63%to 94%for T-staging and 44%to 82%for N-staging but there are still limitations that need to be comprehensively applied with other diagnostic methods to evaluation of distant metastasis for surgical resectability.Our review aims to reveal the value for the staging of pancreatic cancer.展开更多
AIM:To assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound cycloplasty(UCP)in lowering intraocular pressure(IOP)among Chinese patients suffering from refractory glaucoma.METHODS:In this 12-month retrospective study,28 patien...AIM:To assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound cycloplasty(UCP)in lowering intraocular pressure(IOP)among Chinese patients suffering from refractory glaucoma.METHODS:In this 12-month retrospective study,28 patients with refractory glaucoma(IOP≥25 mm Hg)were treated with 8-second UCP using either 8 or 10 probe sectors.The principal measure of efficacy was the decrease in IOP at the following intervals after UCP:1d,1,3,6,and 12mo,with each measurement compared to baseline.RESULTS:Mean IOP(in mm Hg)was reduced from 46.8±8.9 to 24.5±3.2,27.0±4.8,29.1±4.6,26.1±4.5,and 28.3±4.8 at 1d,1,3,6,and 12mo postoperatively,respectively.Compared to baseline,IOP reductions at these time points were 45.0%,39.9%,35.3%,41.4%,and 36.7%,respectively.Most patients experienced relief from ocular pain after surgery.No cases of choroidal detachment or hypotony was observed.CONCLUSION:UCP is effective in reducing IOP among Chinese patients with refractory glaucoma and shows a favorable safety profile.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The treatment technology of liver cancer is progressing.In addition to traditional surgical resection,combined therapies of immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors,chemotherapy,and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma are more and more widely used.Accurate preoperative diagnosis of liver cancer will provide important information for comprehensive treatment and prognosis evaluation of liver cancer.Sonazoidcontrast-enhanced ultrasound is not only helpful for the qualitative diagnosis of liver lesions,but also has great potential in the diagnosis of histological differentiation of liver cancer.AIM To assess the differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)by utilizing the parameters and imaging features of Sonazoid-contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS).METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the CEUS data of 239 lesions through case-control study.These patients received Sonazoid-CEUS within one week before surgery and were confirmed as HCC by postoperative pathology.Within the cases,patients were further categorized into well-differentiated and poorlydifferentiated group.Time-intensity curves of the region of interest in both arterial and Kupffer phases were generated,allowing for the acquisition of quantitative parameters to assess the diagnostic efficacy in distinguishing lesions between these two groups and determining an appropriate cut-off value.RESULTS Univariate analysis showed that the absolute value of enhancement intensity(EIAV),intensity ratio(IR)and intensity difference(ID)in Kupffer phase were statistically different between the groups with different degree(P=0.015,P=0.000,P=0.000).The sensitivity and specificity were 40.2%,82.4%,80.4% and 78.1%,86.9% and 74.5%,respectively,for differentiating HCC lesions with EIAV≥56.384 dB,IR≥1.215 and ID≥9.184 dB.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.590,0.877,0.815.There was no significant difference in the parameters of arterial phase,including peak time,initial growth time,rise time and the absolute value of peak intensity of lesions between the two groups(P>0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the level of alphafetoprotein(AFP)and IR were risk factors for poor differentiation(P=0.001).CONCLUSION Among the parameters of Sonazoid-CEUS,IR in Kupffer phase exhibits superior diagnostic efficacy with high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnose of pathological differentiation of HCC.Combined with preoperative AFP level,a more accurate diagnosis will be obtained.Compared with portal vein phase,Kupffer phase showed the ability to identify HCC lesions more sensitive.These findings hold significant guiding implications and reference value for clinical practice.
基金the support from the start-up of the University of Missouri-Columbia。
文摘Wearable ultrasound devices represent a transformative advancement in therapeutic applications,offering noninvasive,continuous,and targeted treatment for deep tissues.These systems leverage flexible materials(e.g.,piezoelectric composites,biodegradable polymers)and conformable designs to enable stable integration with dynamic anatomical surfaces.Key innovations include ultrasound-enhanced drug delivery through cavitation-mediated transdermal penetration,accelerated tissue regeneration via mechanical and electrical stimulation,and precise neuromodulation using focused acoustic waves.Recent developments demonstrate wireless operation,real-time monitoring,and closed-loop therapy,facilitated by energy-efficient transducers and AI-driven adaptive control.Despite progress,challenges persist in material durability,clinical validation,and scalable manufacturing.Future directions highlight the integration of nanomaterials,3D-printed architectures,and multimodal sensing for personalized medicine.This technology holds significant potential to redefine chronic disease management,postoperative recovery,and neurorehabilitation,bridging the gap between clinical and home-based care.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375101)the Natural Science of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(24KJB430027).
文摘Background:The bacterial biofilm poses a significant challenge to traditional antibiotic therapy.There is a great need to develop novel antibiofilm agents combined with biofilm disrupting and bacteria-killing without the dependence of antibiotic.Methods:Herein,we prepared ultrasound/magnetic field-responsive ferroferric oxide nanoparticles(Fe_(3)O_(4))/glucose oxidase microbubbles(FGMB)to form a cascade catalytic system for effective removing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.FGMB were prepared through interfacial self-assembly of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles(NPs)and glucose oxidase(GOx)at the gas-liquid interface stabilized by surfactants.Under ultrasound/magnetic field stimulation,FGMB disrupted biofilm architecture through microbubble collapse-induced microjets and magnetically driven displacement.Simultaneously,ultrasound-triggered rupture of FGMB released GOx and Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs.Glucose can be oxidized by GOx to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide which was subsequently catalyzed into hydroxyl radicals by Fe_(3)O_(4) NPs,enabling chemical eradication of biofilm-embedded bacteria.Results:Optical microscopy images demonstrated that FGMB have spherical structure with average size of approximately 17μm.FGMB showed a 65.4%decrease in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm biomass and 1.1 log bacterial inactivation efficiency(91.2%),suggesting effective biofilm elimination.In vitro experimental results also indicate that FGMB have good biocompatibility.Conclusion:This antibiofilm strategy integrated dual modes of physical biofilm disruption with chemical bacteria-killing shows great potential as a versatile,non-resistant strategy for bacterial biofilm elimination.
文摘AIM:To investigate age-related differences in the irislens angle(ILA)among patients with age-related cortical cataracts and elucidate the impact of age on lens stability.METHODS:A prospective observational study was conducted on patients with age-related cortical cataracts scheduled for phacoemulsification surgery.Preoperative ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)images were collected and analyzed.Initially,patients were stratified into two age groups:<60y and≥60y,with no significant intergroup differences in sex or eye laterality.For further analysis,participants were subdivided into three age strata:<60y,60-75y,and>75y.The ILA was measured in four quadrants(superior,inferior,nasal,and temporal).Intergroup differences in ILA were compared,and correlations between age and ILA parameters were analyzed using statistical methods.RESULTS:The sample data were categorized into three groups according to age,<60y(113 patients;55.8%female),60–75y(245 patients;61.0%female),and>75y(70 patients;50.2%female).The superior quadrant ILA increased progressively with age stratification(P=0.02),and the maximum ILA difference(ΔILA)was significantly higher in patients over 75y(P<0.01).Simple linear regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between age and ILA in the superior(Y=7.487+0.096X,R=0.191,P<0.001)and temporal(Y=10.254+0.052X,R=0.104,P=0.032)quadrants.Additionally,the mean ILA across all quadrants(ILAmean)andΔILA were positively correlated with age(ILAmean:Y=9.721+0.055X,R=0.138,P=0.004;ΔILA:Y=3.267+0.044X,R=0.006,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:In patients with age-related cortical cataracts,ILA increases with age,particularly in the superior and temporal quadrants,suggesting that advanced age is associated with greater lens deviation and decreased lens stability.UBM imaging can effectively evaluate the status of the zonule and lens stability,providing crucial evidence for personalized surgical planning based on patients’age.
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)is revolutionizing medical imaging,particularly in chronic liver diseases assessment.AI technologies,including machine learning and deep learning,are increasingly integrated with multiparametric ultrasound(US)techniques to provide more accurate,objective,and non-invasive evaluations of liver fibrosis and steatosis.Analyzing large datasets from US images,AI enhances diagnostic precision,enabling better quantification of liver stiffness and fat content,which are essential for diagnosing and staging liver fibrosis and steatosis.Combining advanced US modalities,such as elastography and doppler imaging with AI,has demonstrated improved sensitivity in identifying different stages of liver disease and distinguishing various degrees of steatotic liver.These advancements also contribute to greater reproducibility and reduced operator dependency,addressing some of the limitations of traditional methods.The clinical implications of AI in liver disease are vast,ranging from early detection to predicting disease progression and evaluating treatment response.Despite these promising developments,challenges such as the need for large-scale datasets,algorithm transparency,and clinical validation remain.The aim of this review is to explore the current applications and future potential of AI in liver fibrosis and steatosis assessment using multiparametric US,highlighting the technological advances and clinical relevance of this emerging field.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nos.G2021KY05107,G2021KY05101the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32071316,32211530049+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,No.2022-JM482the Education and Teaching Reform Funds for the Central Universities,No.23GZ230102(all to LL and HH).
文摘Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.
文摘目的:分析超声GI-RADS分类在卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别中的应用价值。方法:选取2020年1月—2021年1月绵阳市中心医院收治的76例卵巢肿瘤患者,根据病理检查结果分为恶性组(n=16)与良性组(n=60),统计超声特征与血流情况,分析超声GI-RADS分类方法。结果:结合超声GI-RADS分类结果,76例患者中恶性肿瘤14例,良性肿瘤62例。恶性组病灶单发、直径≥3 c m、低回声、基底宽所占比例均显著高于良性组(P<0.01);恶性组卵巢动脉血流峰值速度高于良性组,阻力指数低于良性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);良性组患者的PSV、EDV低于恶性组,PI、RI高于恶性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);将病理检查作为金标准,超声GI-RADS诊断卵巢肿瘤良恶性灵敏度为87.50%,特异度为100.00%。结论:针对卵巢肿瘤良恶性鉴别,应用超声GI-RADS,其鉴别依据结合影像学特征与血流状况,具有理想的敏感性与特异性,可在临床提倡。
文摘目的:比较恶性风险指数4(risk of malignancy index 4,RM14)、超声国际卵巢肿瘤研究组(International Ovarian of Tumor Analysis,IOTA)简易标准及妇科影像报告与数据系统(gynecolog icimaging reporting and data system,GI-RADS)鉴别诊断卵巢良恶性肿瘤的价值。方法:回顾分析对比经术后病理或最终临床随访证实的299例卵巢肿瘤患者的超声图像特征,分别用RMI4、IOTA简易标准和GI-RADS预测其肿块的良恶性,比较3种方法鉴别诊断卵巢肿瘤的效能。结果:299例卵巢肿块中,良性肿瘤191例,恶性肿瘤108例。IOTA简易标准的敏感度与准确度均高于GI-RADS,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.860,P=0.015;χ^(2)=7.650,P=0.006),特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值的差异则无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.276,P=0.131;χ^(2)=2.599,P=0.107;χ^(2)=5.465,P=0.019);IOTA简易标准的敏感度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度均高于RMI4,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.415,P<0.017;χ^(2)=6.841,P<0.017;χ^(2)=16.897,P<0.017;χ^(2)=22.643,P<0.017),特异度的差异则无统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.702,P=0.030);GI-RADS的敏感度高于RMI4,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.939,P=0.015),特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度的差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.517,P=0.472;χ^(2)=1.220,P=0.269;χ^(2)=4.336,P=0.037;χ^(2)=5.050,P=0.025)。结论:IOTA简易标准、GI-RADS与RMI4对鉴别卵巢良恶性肿块均有重要临床价值,其中IOTA简易标准诊断效能最优。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82371886(to JY),81925020(to DM),82202797(to LW),and 82271218(to CZ).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the development of effective drug therapies for Alzheimer’s disease.The use of ultrasound as a novel physical modulation approach has garnered widespread attention in recent years.As a safe and feasible therapeutic and drug-delivery method,ultrasound has shown promise in improving cognitive deficits.This article provides a summary of the application of ultrasound technology for treating Alzheimer’s disease over the past 5 years,including standalone ultrasound treatment,ultrasound combined with microbubbles or drug therapy,and magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound therapy.Emphasis is placed on the benefits of introducing these treatment methods and their potential mechanisms.We found that several ultrasound methods can open the blood-brain barrier and effectively alleviate amyloid-βplaque deposition.We believe that ultrasound is an effective therapy for Alzheimer’s disease,and this review provides a theoretical basis for future ultrasound treatment methods.
文摘Pancreatic cancer is recognized as one of the leading causes of cancer mortality,representing the second most common source of cancer-related deaths within the gastrointestinal domain.Surgical resection is currently the only definitive treatment;however,the subtle emergence of symptoms often leads to a diagnosis at an advanced stage,with merely 10%-15%of patients being eligible for surgical intervention.The primary obstacle to achieving a potential radical resection is the presence of distant metastatic disease or invasion of adjacent major vascular structures.This review aims to highlight the critical role of endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic tumors.We systematically searched PubMed,MEDLINE and Web of Science by using‘pancreatic cancer’and‘endoscopic ultrasonography’as keywords.Relevant studies were reviewed and analyzed.Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)is efficient in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer,past studies reported the accuracy of EUS is 63%to 94%for T-staging and 44%to 82%for N-staging but there are still limitations that need to be comprehensively applied with other diagnostic methods to evaluation of distant metastasis for surgical resectability.Our review aims to reveal the value for the staging of pancreatic cancer.
基金Supported by the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Project Foundation(No.21Y11909700)Guangci Innovative Technology Sailing Plan(Ruijin Hospital 2022).
文摘AIM:To assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound cycloplasty(UCP)in lowering intraocular pressure(IOP)among Chinese patients suffering from refractory glaucoma.METHODS:In this 12-month retrospective study,28 patients with refractory glaucoma(IOP≥25 mm Hg)were treated with 8-second UCP using either 8 or 10 probe sectors.The principal measure of efficacy was the decrease in IOP at the following intervals after UCP:1d,1,3,6,and 12mo,with each measurement compared to baseline.RESULTS:Mean IOP(in mm Hg)was reduced from 46.8±8.9 to 24.5±3.2,27.0±4.8,29.1±4.6,26.1±4.5,and 28.3±4.8 at 1d,1,3,6,and 12mo postoperatively,respectively.Compared to baseline,IOP reductions at these time points were 45.0%,39.9%,35.3%,41.4%,and 36.7%,respectively.Most patients experienced relief from ocular pain after surgery.No cases of choroidal detachment or hypotony was observed.CONCLUSION:UCP is effective in reducing IOP among Chinese patients with refractory glaucoma and shows a favorable safety profile.
