In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA accumulators.The first accumulator is cal...In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA accumulators.The first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment which represents the TXO set.The second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment which represents the STXO set.In this work,we discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the miner.The miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in TXO commitment and non-membership witness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)To update the witness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the transactions.We compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-the-art works on stateless blockchains.CompactChain shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size which inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency without compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).展开更多
Node synchronization is essential for the stability of the Bitcoin network. Critics have raised doubts about the ability of a new node to quickly and efficiently synchronize with the Bitcoin network and alleviate the ...Node synchronization is essential for the stability of the Bitcoin network. Critics have raised doubts about the ability of a new node to quickly and efficiently synchronize with the Bitcoin network and alleviate the storage pressure from existing full nodes to stockpile new data. Basic pruning and other techniques have been explored to address these concerns but have been insufficient to reduce node synchronization delay and effectively suppress the growth of synchronized data. In this study, we propose SnapshotPrune, a novel pruning and synchronization protocol that achieves fast node bootstrapping in the Bitcoin blockchain. Real Bitcoin historical data are leveraged to measure the synchronization time and monitor the network traffic during node bootstrapping. The protocol requires data downloads that are 99.70% less than Bitcoin Core, 81% less than CoinPrune, and 60% less than SnapshotSave, thereby saving 97.23% of download time. Findings show that the proposed design enhances the storage efficiency and reduces the node synchronization delay compared with existing techniques. We hypothesize that the efficiency of this protocol increases with the block height.展开更多
文摘In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA accumulators.The first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment which represents the TXO set.The second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment which represents the STXO set.In this work,we discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the miner.The miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in TXO commitment and non-membership witness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)To update the witness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the transactions.We compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-the-art works on stateless blockchains.CompactChain shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size which inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency without compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).
基金supported by the National Key Project of China(No.2020YFB1005700)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021MF086)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1000600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62132018 and 62172117)the National Key Research and Development Program,the Young Scientist Scheme(No.2022YFB3102400)the National Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2020B0101090002).
文摘Node synchronization is essential for the stability of the Bitcoin network. Critics have raised doubts about the ability of a new node to quickly and efficiently synchronize with the Bitcoin network and alleviate the storage pressure from existing full nodes to stockpile new data. Basic pruning and other techniques have been explored to address these concerns but have been insufficient to reduce node synchronization delay and effectively suppress the growth of synchronized data. In this study, we propose SnapshotPrune, a novel pruning and synchronization protocol that achieves fast node bootstrapping in the Bitcoin blockchain. Real Bitcoin historical data are leveraged to measure the synchronization time and monitor the network traffic during node bootstrapping. The protocol requires data downloads that are 99.70% less than Bitcoin Core, 81% less than CoinPrune, and 60% less than SnapshotSave, thereby saving 97.23% of download time. Findings show that the proposed design enhances the storage efficiency and reduces the node synchronization delay compared with existing techniques. We hypothesize that the efficiency of this protocol increases with the block height.
