美国农业部(USDA)农业研究局(Agricultural Research Service-ARS)、内布拉斯加大学林肯分校(University of Nebraska-Lincoln-UNL)和内布拉斯加州创新园区今天举行了奠基仪式,启动了国家复原和再生精准农业中心(National Center for Re...美国农业部(USDA)农业研究局(Agricultural Research Service-ARS)、内布拉斯加大学林肯分校(University of Nebraska-Lincoln-UNL)和内布拉斯加州创新园区今天举行了奠基仪式,启动了国家复原和再生精准农业中心(National Center for Resilient and Regenerative Precision Agriculture)的建设。这所先进的研究中心将位于内布拉斯加州林肯市的内布拉斯加州创新园区内。它将主要关注21世纪农业创新的挑战和机遇。展开更多
For one,the website is-ahem-difficult to access,cutting video makers off from a billion potential viewers that would be able to identify with life in the Middle Kingdom,no matter the language.Case in point:an English ...For one,the website is-ahem-difficult to access,cutting video makers off from a billion potential viewers that would be able to identify with life in the Middle Kingdom,no matter the language.Case in point:an English YouTube search for*Korea vlogger1 sees half a million matches.'China vlogger*?A paltry 140,000 results.展开更多
DeConverter is core software in a Universal Networking Language(UNL) system.A UNL system has EnConverter and DeConverter as its two major components.EnConverter is used to convert a natural language sentence into an e...DeConverter is core software in a Universal Networking Language(UNL) system.A UNL system has EnConverter and DeConverter as its two major components.EnConverter is used to convert a natural language sentence into an equivalent UNL expression,and DeConverter is used to generate a natural language sentence from an input UNL expression.This paper presents design and development of a Punjabi DeConverter.It describes five phases of the proposed Punjabi DeConverter,i.e.,UNL parser,lexeme selection,morphology generation,function word insertion,and syntactic linearization.This paper also illustrates all these phases of the Punjabi DeConverter with a special focus on syntactic linearization issues of the Punjabi DeConverter.Syntactic linearization is the process of defining arrangements of words in generated output.The algorithms and pseudocodes for implementation of syntactic linearization of a simple UNL graph,a UNL graph with scope nodes and a node having un-traversed parents or multiple parents in a UNL graph have been discussed in this paper.Special cases of syntactic linearization with respect to Punjabi language for UNL relations like 'and','or','fmt','cnt',and 'seq' have also been presented in this paper.This paper also provides implementation results of the proposed Punjabi DeConverter.The DeConverter has been tested on 1000 UNL expressions by considering a Spanish UNL language server and agricultural domain threads developed by Indian Institute of Technology(IIT),Bombay,India,as gold-standards.The proposed system generates 89.0% grammatically correct sentences,92.0% faithful sentences to the original sentences,and has a fluency score of 3.61 and an adequacy score of 3.70 on a 4-point scale.The system is also able to achieve a bilingual evaluation understudy(BLEU) score of 0.72.展开更多
文摘美国农业部(USDA)农业研究局(Agricultural Research Service-ARS)、内布拉斯加大学林肯分校(University of Nebraska-Lincoln-UNL)和内布拉斯加州创新园区今天举行了奠基仪式,启动了国家复原和再生精准农业中心(National Center for Resilient and Regenerative Precision Agriculture)的建设。这所先进的研究中心将位于内布拉斯加州林肯市的内布拉斯加州创新园区内。它将主要关注21世纪农业创新的挑战和机遇。
文摘For one,the website is-ahem-difficult to access,cutting video makers off from a billion potential viewers that would be able to identify with life in the Middle Kingdom,no matter the language.Case in point:an English YouTube search for*Korea vlogger1 sees half a million matches.'China vlogger*?A paltry 140,000 results.
文摘DeConverter is core software in a Universal Networking Language(UNL) system.A UNL system has EnConverter and DeConverter as its two major components.EnConverter is used to convert a natural language sentence into an equivalent UNL expression,and DeConverter is used to generate a natural language sentence from an input UNL expression.This paper presents design and development of a Punjabi DeConverter.It describes five phases of the proposed Punjabi DeConverter,i.e.,UNL parser,lexeme selection,morphology generation,function word insertion,and syntactic linearization.This paper also illustrates all these phases of the Punjabi DeConverter with a special focus on syntactic linearization issues of the Punjabi DeConverter.Syntactic linearization is the process of defining arrangements of words in generated output.The algorithms and pseudocodes for implementation of syntactic linearization of a simple UNL graph,a UNL graph with scope nodes and a node having un-traversed parents or multiple parents in a UNL graph have been discussed in this paper.Special cases of syntactic linearization with respect to Punjabi language for UNL relations like 'and','or','fmt','cnt',and 'seq' have also been presented in this paper.This paper also provides implementation results of the proposed Punjabi DeConverter.The DeConverter has been tested on 1000 UNL expressions by considering a Spanish UNL language server and agricultural domain threads developed by Indian Institute of Technology(IIT),Bombay,India,as gold-standards.The proposed system generates 89.0% grammatically correct sentences,92.0% faithful sentences to the original sentences,and has a fluency score of 3.61 and an adequacy score of 3.70 on a 4-point scale.The system is also able to achieve a bilingual evaluation understudy(BLEU) score of 0.72.
