For wastewater treatment in rural areas,a novel three-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system,combined with a drop-aeration biofilm process,was tested in the laboratory to investigate its performance in removing s...For wastewater treatment in rural areas,a novel three-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system,combined with a drop-aeration biofilm process,was tested in the laboratory to investigate its performance in removing suspended solids(SS),chemical oxygen demand(COD),NH4+-N,total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP).The removal rates of SS,COD and NH4+-N were 90%,80%,and 90%in efluent concentrations less than 10 mg/L,50 mg/L and 8 mg/L,respectively.The TP removal rate was less satisfactory.The C/N ratio in the raw wastewater was often less than 3.5,and the removal efficiency of TN was therefore limited.A carbon-release batch experiment was carried out to measure the feasibility of enhancing denitrification at low influent C/N ratios.The result showed that the C/N could be over 9.0 in the supernatant.Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technology was used to reveal the changes in the bacterial community during different stages of the integrated step-feed biofilm process.The results showed that banding patterns and the distribution of dominant bands for the same experimental period in different aerobic zones were similar.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that lanes 10,11 and 12,which presented three aerobic zones at the same operation period,had the closest phylogenetic relationship among the lanes.展开更多
For urban wastewater treatment,we conducted a novel four-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system combined with a fluidized bed laboratory experiment to investigate chemical oxygen demand（COD）,NH4＋-N,and total n...For urban wastewater treatment,we conducted a novel four-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system combined with a fluidized bed laboratory experiment to investigate chemical oxygen demand（COD）,NH4＋-N,and total nitrogen（TN） removal performance.The removal rates of COD,NH4＋-N and TN were 88.2%,95.7%,and 86.4% with e？uent concentrations of COD,NH4＋-N and TN less than 50,8,and 10 mg/L,respectively.Biomass and bacterial activities were also measured,with results showing more nitrobacteria in the activated sludge than in the biofilm;however,bacterial activity of the biofilm biomass and the activated sludge were similar.Nitrogen concentrations during the process were also detected,with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification found to be obvious.展开更多
In order to enhance phosphorus removal in traditional step-feed anoxic/oxic nitrogen removal process,a modified pilot-scale step-feed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(SFA 2/O) system was developed,which combined a reactor simila...In order to enhance phosphorus removal in traditional step-feed anoxic/oxic nitrogen removal process,a modified pilot-scale step-feed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(SFA 2/O) system was developed,which combined a reactor similar to UCT-type configuration and two-stage anoxic/oxic process.The simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacities and the potential of denitrifying phosphorus removal,in particular,were investigated with four different feeding patterns using real municipal wastewater.The results showed that the feeding ratios(Q1)in the first stage determined the nutrient removal performance in the SFA 2/O system.The average phosphorus removal efficiency increased from 19.17% to 96.25% as Q1 was gradually increased from run 1 to run 4,but the nitrogen removal efficiency exhibited a different tendency,which attained a maximum 73.61%in run 3 and then decreased to 59.62%in run 4.As a compromise between nitrogen and phosphorus removal,run 3 (Q1=0.45Qtotal) was identified as the optimal and stable case with the maximum anoxic phosphorus uptake rate of 1.58 mg·(g MLSS)-1 ·h-1.The results of batch tests showed that ratio of the anoxic phosphate uptake capacity to the aerobic phosphate uptake capacity increased from 11.96% to 36.85% with the optimal influent feeding ratio to the system in run 3,which demonstrated that the denitrifying polyP accumulating organisms could be accumulated and contributed more to the total phosphorus removal by optimizing the inflow ratio distribution.However,the nitrate recirculation to anoxic zone and influent feeding ratios should be carefully controlled for carbon source saving.展开更多
A pilot scale modified step-feed process was lmproved to increase nutrient/N ano P） ano organic removal operations from municipal wastewater. It combined the step-feed process and a method named ＂University of Cape ...A pilot scale modified step-feed process was lmproved to increase nutrient/N ano P） ano organic removal operations from municipal wastewater. It combined the step-feed process and a method named ＂University of Cape Town （UCT）＂. The effect of nutrient ratios and inflow distribution ratios were studied. The highest uptake efficiency of 95% for chemical oxygen demand （COD） has been achieved at the inflow distribution ratio of 40/35/25. However, maximum removal efficiency obtained for total nitrogen （TN） and phosphorus at 93% and 78%, respectively. The average mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） was 5500 mg·L- 1. In addition, convenient values for dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration, and pH were obtained throughout different stages. The proposed system was identified to be an appropriate enhanced biological nutrient removal process for wastewater treatment plants owing to relatively high nutrient removal, sturdy sludge settle ability and COD removal.展开更多
目的考察复合式UCT-MBR对生活污水的脱氮除磷效果.方法针对生活污水特点,采用除磷能力较强的UCT(the University of Cape Town process)与膜生物反应器(Membrane Bioreactor,MBR)相结合的工艺,在反应器内投加立体弹性填料,构成复合式UCT...目的考察复合式UCT-MBR对生活污水的脱氮除磷效果.方法针对生活污水特点,采用除磷能力较强的UCT(the University of Cape Town process)与膜生物反应器(Membrane Bioreactor,MBR)相结合的工艺,在反应器内投加立体弹性填料,构成复合式UCT-MBR,形成悬浮污泥与附着污泥共存的复杂生物相体系.结果在HRT=8～12 h,SRT=30 d,膜出水量为10 L/h,气水比为40∶1条件下,经过42 d的污泥驯化,挂膜成功,其后60 d的稳定运行中,对CODCr、NH3-N平均去除率分别达到95.7%、97.7%,出水ρ(NH3-N)<2.4 mg/L.回流比为300%和400%时,TN去除效率分别为78.9%、84.1%,出水ρ(TN)<15 mg/L,并且由于生物膜的作用在好氧区发生了同步硝化反硝化.当硝化液回流比为300%时,TP的去除效果最佳,为83.2%,出水ρ(TP)<1 mg/L,满足一级B标准.结论采用该工艺处理生活污水运行稳定,具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力,出水水质良好,达到了国家生活杂用水的要求.展开更多
基金supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.kzcx1-yw-06-20)the special fund from the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry(No.09Y06ESPCR)
文摘For wastewater treatment in rural areas,a novel three-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system,combined with a drop-aeration biofilm process,was tested in the laboratory to investigate its performance in removing suspended solids(SS),chemical oxygen demand(COD),NH4+-N,total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP).The removal rates of SS,COD and NH4+-N were 90%,80%,and 90%in efluent concentrations less than 10 mg/L,50 mg/L and 8 mg/L,respectively.The TP removal rate was less satisfactory.The C/N ratio in the raw wastewater was often less than 3.5,and the removal efficiency of TN was therefore limited.A carbon-release batch experiment was carried out to measure the feasibility of enhancing denitrification at low influent C/N ratios.The result showed that the C/N could be over 9.0 in the supernatant.Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technology was used to reveal the changes in the bacterial community during different stages of the integrated step-feed biofilm process.The results showed that banding patterns and the distribution of dominant bands for the same experimental period in different aerobic zones were similar.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that lanes 10,11 and 12,which presented three aerobic zones at the same operation period,had the closest phylogenetic relationship among the lanes.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research Development Program (863) of China(No. 2007AA06A411)the Science and Technology Research Projects of Heilongjiang Education Committee(No. 11551130)
文摘For urban wastewater treatment,we conducted a novel four-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system combined with a fluidized bed laboratory experiment to investigate chemical oxygen demand（COD）,NH4＋-N,and total nitrogen（TN） removal performance.The removal rates of COD,NH4＋-N and TN were 88.2%,95.7%,and 86.4% with e？uent concentrations of COD,NH4＋-N and TN less than 50,8,and 10 mg/L,respectively.Biomass and bacterial activities were also measured,with results showing more nitrobacteria in the activated sludge than in the biofilm;however,bacterial activity of the biofilm biomass and the activated sludge were similar.Nitrogen concentrations during the process were also detected,with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification found to be obvious.
基金Supported by the Project of Beijing Science and Technology Committee (D07050601500000)the National Key Science and Technology Special Projects (2008ZX07317-007-105)
文摘In order to enhance phosphorus removal in traditional step-feed anoxic/oxic nitrogen removal process,a modified pilot-scale step-feed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(SFA 2/O) system was developed,which combined a reactor similar to UCT-type configuration and two-stage anoxic/oxic process.The simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacities and the potential of denitrifying phosphorus removal,in particular,were investigated with four different feeding patterns using real municipal wastewater.The results showed that the feeding ratios(Q1)in the first stage determined the nutrient removal performance in the SFA 2/O system.The average phosphorus removal efficiency increased from 19.17% to 96.25% as Q1 was gradually increased from run 1 to run 4,but the nitrogen removal efficiency exhibited a different tendency,which attained a maximum 73.61%in run 3 and then decreased to 59.62%in run 4.As a compromise between nitrogen and phosphorus removal,run 3 (Q1=0.45Qtotal) was identified as the optimal and stable case with the maximum anoxic phosphorus uptake rate of 1.58 mg·(g MLSS)-1 ·h-1.The results of batch tests showed that ratio of the anoxic phosphate uptake capacity to the aerobic phosphate uptake capacity increased from 11.96% to 36.85% with the optimal influent feeding ratio to the system in run 3,which demonstrated that the denitrifying polyP accumulating organisms could be accumulated and contributed more to the total phosphorus removal by optimizing the inflow ratio distribution.However,the nitrate recirculation to anoxic zone and influent feeding ratios should be carefully controlled for carbon source saving.
文摘A pilot scale modified step-feed process was lmproved to increase nutrient/N ano P） ano organic removal operations from municipal wastewater. It combined the step-feed process and a method named ＂University of Cape Town （UCT）＂. The effect of nutrient ratios and inflow distribution ratios were studied. The highest uptake efficiency of 95% for chemical oxygen demand （COD） has been achieved at the inflow distribution ratio of 40/35/25. However, maximum removal efficiency obtained for total nitrogen （TN） and phosphorus at 93% and 78%, respectively. The average mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） was 5500 mg·L- 1. In addition, convenient values for dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration, and pH were obtained throughout different stages. The proposed system was identified to be an appropriate enhanced biological nutrient removal process for wastewater treatment plants owing to relatively high nutrient removal, sturdy sludge settle ability and COD removal.
文摘目的考察复合式UCT-MBR对生活污水的脱氮除磷效果.方法针对生活污水特点,采用除磷能力较强的UCT(the University of Cape Town process)与膜生物反应器(Membrane Bioreactor,MBR)相结合的工艺,在反应器内投加立体弹性填料,构成复合式UCT-MBR,形成悬浮污泥与附着污泥共存的复杂生物相体系.结果在HRT=8～12 h,SRT=30 d,膜出水量为10 L/h,气水比为40∶1条件下,经过42 d的污泥驯化,挂膜成功,其后60 d的稳定运行中,对CODCr、NH3-N平均去除率分别达到95.7%、97.7%,出水ρ(NH3-N)<2.4 mg/L.回流比为300%和400%时,TN去除效率分别为78.9%、84.1%,出水ρ(TN)<15 mg/L,并且由于生物膜的作用在好氧区发生了同步硝化反硝化.当硝化液回流比为300%时,TP的去除效果最佳,为83.2%,出水ρ(TP)<1 mg/L,满足一级B标准.结论采用该工艺处理生活污水运行稳定,具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力,出水水质良好,达到了国家生活杂用水的要求.
