Interference alignment(IA) is one of the promising measures for the multi-user network to manage interference. The rank constraints rank minimization means that interference spans the lowest dimensional subspace and t...Interference alignment(IA) is one of the promising measures for the multi-user network to manage interference. The rank constraints rank minimization means that interference spans the lowest dimensional subspace and the useful signal spans all available spatial dimensions. In order to improve the performance of two-way relay network, we can use rank constrained rank minimization(RCRM) to solve the IA problem. This paper proposes left reweighted nuclear norm minimization-γalgorithm and selective coupling reweighted nuclear norm minimization algorithm to implement interference alignment in two-way relay networks. The left reweighted nuclear norm minimization-γ algorithm is based on reweighted nuclear norm minimization algorithm and has a novel γ choosing rule. The selective coupling reweighted nuclear norm minimization algorithm weighting methods choose according to singular value of interference matrixes. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms considerably improve the sum rate performance and achieve the higher average achievable multiplexing gain in two-way relay interference networks.展开更多
An estimate-and-forward(EF) scheme for single-input single-output(SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) full-duplex two-way relay networks is proposed and analyzed. The relay estimates the received signal fro...An estimate-and-forward(EF) scheme for single-input single-output(SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) full-duplex two-way relay networks is proposed and analyzed. The relay estimates the received signal from two terminal nodes by a minimum mean squared error(MMSE) estimation and forwards a scaled version of the MMSE estimate to the destination. The proposed EF outperforms conventional amplify-and-forward(AF) and decode-and-forward(DF) across all signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) region. Because its computational complexity is high for relays with a large number of antennas(large MIMO) and/or high order constellations, an approximate EF scheme, called list EF, are thus proposed to reduce the computational complexity. The proposed list EF computes a candidate list for the MMSE estimate by using a sphere decoder, and it approaches the performance of the exact EF relay at a negligible performance loss. The proposed forwarding approach also could be used to other relay networks, such as half-duplex, one-way or massive MIMO relay networks.展开更多
A joint power control and relay selection scheme is considered for a cooperative and cognitive radio system where a secondary network shares spectrum with the primary network. In the secondary network, two secondary u...A joint power control and relay selection scheme is considered for a cooperative and cognitive radio system where a secondary network shares spectrum with the primary network. In the secondary network, two secondary users （SUs） communicate with each other via an assist relay. The main point is to provide the best system performance to SUs while maintaining the interference power at primary user （PU） under a certain level. Using convex optimization, a closed-form solution is obtained when optimizing the power allocation among the two nodes and relay. Based on this result, a joint power control and relay selection scheme with fewer variable dimensions is proposed to maximize the achievable rate of the secondary system. Simulation results demonstrate that the sum rate of the cognitive two-way relay network increases compared with a random relay selection and fixed power allocation.展开更多
The large system analysis(LSA)has recently been shown to be a very useful tool for computing the average achievable rate.In this paper,we use LSA to derive the users’average achievable rate of multi-antenna two-way r...The large system analysis(LSA)has recently been shown to be a very useful tool for computing the average achievable rate.In this paper,we use LSA to derive the users’average achievable rate of multi-antenna two-way relay networks with interference alignment(IA),and we then derive the rate expressions under both equal power allocation and optimal power allocation.It is shown that the obtained closed-form rate expressions are functions of the average signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for each data stream.Extensive simulation studies show that the average achievable rate expressions derived through LSA provide accurate estimates of the average achievable rate for two-way relay networks with interference alignment.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate a joint beamforming and time switching(TS) design for an energy-constrained cognitive two-way relay(TWR) network. In the network, the energy-constrained secondary user(SU) relay employs T...In this paper, we investigate a joint beamforming and time switching(TS) design for an energy-constrained cognitive two-way relay(TWR) network. In the network, the energy-constrained secondary user(SU) relay employs TS protocol to harvest energy from the signals sent by the circuit-powered primary user(PU) transmitter, and then exploits the harvested energy to perform information forwarding. Our aim is to maximize the sum rate of SUs under the constraints of the data rate of PU, the energy harvesting and the transmit power of the SU relay. To determine the beamforming matrix and TS ratio, we decouple the original non-convex problem into two subproblems which can be solved by semidefinite relaxation and successive convex optimization methods. Furthermore, we derive closed form expressions of the optimal solutions for each subproblem, which facilitates the design of a suboptimal iterative algorithm to handle the original sum rate maximization problem. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed joint design against other conventional schemes in the literature.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate a two-way relay network consisting of two sources, multiple cooperative relays and an eavesdropper. To enhance secure communications, a new relay chatting based on transmission scheme is ...In this paper, we investigate a two-way relay network consisting of two sources, multiple cooperative relays and an eavesdropper. To enhance secure communications, a new relay chatting based on transmission scheme is proposed. Specifically, the proposed scheme selects a best relay that maximize the sum mutual information among the sources to forward the sources’ signals using an amplify-and-forward protocol, and the remaining relays transmit interference signals to confuse the eavesdropper via distributed beam forming. It can be found that the proposed scheme with relay chatting does not require the knowledge of the eavesdropper’s channel, and outperforms the joint relay and jammer selection scheme, which introduces the interference into the sources. Numerical results show that the secrecy outage probability of the proposed scheme converges to zero as the transmit power increases.展开更多
Two-way decode-and-forward(DF) relay technique is an efficient method to improve system performance in 5G networks.However,traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) based two-way relay systems only ...Two-way decode-and-forward(DF) relay technique is an efficient method to improve system performance in 5G networks.However,traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) based two-way relay systems only consider a per-subcarrier relay strategy,which treats each subcarrier as a separate channel,which results in significant sum rate loss,especially in fading environments.In this paper,a joint coding scheme over multiple subcarriers is involved for multipair users in two-way relay systems to obtain multiuser diversity.A generalized subcarrier pairing strategy is proposed to permit each user-pair to occupy different subcarriers during the two transmission phases,i.e.,the multiple access and broadcast phases.Moreover,a low complexity joint resource allocation scheme is proposed to improve the spectrum efficiency with an additional multi-user diversity gain.Some numerical simulations are finally provided to verify the efficacy of our proposal.展开更多
As the first stage of the quantum Internet,quantum key distribution(QKD)networks hold the promise of providing long-term security for diverse users.Most existing QKD networks have been constructed based on independent...As the first stage of the quantum Internet,quantum key distribution(QKD)networks hold the promise of providing long-term security for diverse users.Most existing QKD networks have been constructed based on independent QKD protocols,and they commonly rely on the deployment of single-protocol trusted relay chains for long reach.Driven by the evolution of QKD protocols,large-scale QKD networking is expected to migrate from a single-protocol to a multi-protocol paradigm,during which some useful evolutionary elements for the later stages of the quantum Internet may be incorporated.In this work,we delve into a pivotal technique for large-scale QKD networking,namely,multi-protocol relay chaining.A multi-protocol relay chain is established by connecting a set of trusted/untrusted relays relying on multiple QKD protocols between a pair of QKD nodes.The structures of diverse multi-protocol relay chains are described,based on which the associated model is formulated and the policies are defined for the deployment of multi-protocol relay chains.Furthermore,we propose three multi-protocol relay chaining heuristics.Numerical simulations indicate that the designed heuristics can effectively reduce the number of trusted relays deployed and enhance the average security level versus the commonly used single-protocol trusted relay chaining methods on backbone network topologies.展开更多
In Power Line Communications(PLC),there are regulatory masks that restrict the transmit power spectral density for electromagnetic compatibility reasons,which creates coverage issues despite the not too long distances...In Power Line Communications(PLC),there are regulatory masks that restrict the transmit power spectral density for electromagnetic compatibility reasons,which creates coverage issues despite the not too long distances.Hence,PLC networks often employ repeaters/relays,especially in smart grid neighborhood area networks.Even in broadband indoor PLC systems that offer a notable data rate,relaying may pave the way to new applications like being the backbone for wireless technologies in a cost-effective manner to support the Internet-of-things paradigm.In this paper,we study Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)PLC systems that incorporate inband full-duplex functionality in relaying networks.We present several MIMO configurations that allow end-to-end half-duplex or full-duplex operations and analyze the achievable performance with state-of-the-art PLC systems.To reach this analysis,we get channel realizations from random network layouts for indoor and outdoor scenarios.We adopt realistic MIMO channel and noise models and consider transmission techniques according to PLC standards.The concepts discussed in this work can be useful in the design of future PLC relay-aided networks for different applications that look for a coverage extension and/or throughput:smart grids with enhanced communications in outdoor scenarios,and“last meter”systems for high-speed connections everywhere in indoor ones.展开更多
In this paper,an intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-and-unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted two-way amplify-and-forward(AF)relay network in maritime Internet of Things(IoT)is proposed,where ship1(S1)and ship2(S2)ca...In this paper,an intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-and-unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted two-way amplify-and-forward(AF)relay network in maritime Internet of Things(IoT)is proposed,where ship1(S1)and ship2(S2)can be viewed as data collecting centers.To enhance the message exchange rate between S1 and S2,a problem of maximizing minimum rate is cast,where the variables,namely AF relay beamforming matrix and IRS phase shifts of two time slots,need to be optimized.To achieve a maximum rate,a low-complexity alternately iterative(AI)scheme based on zero forcing and successive convex approximation(LC-ZF-SCA)algorithm is presented.To obtain a significant rate enhancement,a high-performance AI method based on one step,semidefinite programming and penalty SCA(ONSSDP-PSCA)is proposed.Simulation results show that by the proposed LC-ZF-SCA and ONS-SDP-PSCA methods,the rate of the IRS-and-UAV-assisted AF relay network surpass those of with random phase and only AF relay networks.Moreover,ONS-SDP-PSCA perform better than LC-ZF-SCA in aspect of rate.展开更多
This paper investigates the security and reliability of information transmission within an underlay wiretap energy harvesting cognitive two-way relay network.In the network,energy-constrained secondary network(SN)node...This paper investigates the security and reliability of information transmission within an underlay wiretap energy harvesting cognitive two-way relay network.In the network,energy-constrained secondary network(SN)nodes harvest energy from radio frequency signals of a multi-antenna power beacon.Two SN sources exchange their messages via a SN decode-and-forward relay in the presence of a multiantenna eavesdropper by using a four-phase time division broadcast protocol,and the hardware impairments of SN nodes and eavesdropper are modeled.To alleviate eavesdropping attacks,the artificial noise is applied by SN nodes.The physical layer security performance of SN is analyzed and evaluated by the exact closed-form expressions of outage probability(OP),intercept probability(IP),and OP+IP over quasistatic Rayleigh fading channel.Additionally,due to the complexity of OP+IP expression,a self-adaptive chaotic quantum particle swarm optimization-based resource allocation algorithm is proposed to jointly optimize energy harvesting ratio and power allocation factor,which can achieve security-reliability tradeoff for SN.Extensive simulations demonstrate the correctness of theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm.展开更多
This paper is concerned with design-ing symbol labeling for a low-density parity-check(LDPC)-coded delayed bit-interleaved coded modu-lation(DBICM)scheme in a two-way relay channel(TWRC).We first present some properti...This paper is concerned with design-ing symbol labeling for a low-density parity-check(LDPC)-coded delayed bit-interleaved coded modu-lation(DBICM)scheme in a two-way relay channel(TWRC).We first present some properties of symbol labeling within a phase shift keying(PSK)modula-tion.These properties reduce the candidate labeling search space.Based on this search space,we take DBICM capacity as the cost function and propose a general method for optimizing symbol labeling by em-ploying the differential evolution algorithm.Numeri-cal results show that our labeling obtains a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)gain up to 0.45 dB with respect to Gray labeling.展开更多
A Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)can relay signals from the transmitter to the receiver.In this regard,RISs operate similarly to traditional relays.We design a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output(MIMO)system with a...A Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)can relay signals from the transmitter to the receiver.In this regard,RISs operate similarly to traditional relays.We design a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output(MIMO)system with a hybrid network of RIS and Half-Duplex(HD)Amplify-and-Forward(AF)relay.We model the system’s signal propagation and propose a new algorithm to get the system’s Achievable Rate(AR)value.We complete simulations to evaluate the performance of the RIS and HD-AF relay hybrid network system compared to the system assisted by either the RIS or HD-AF relay.The simulations indicate that many factors can considerably influence the system performance.Selecting an optimal placement for the RIS and relay can result in the best performance for the RIS and HD-AF relay hybrid network system in situations where the direct link between the receiver and transmitter is absent.展开更多
This paper studies a dual-hop Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer(SWIPT)-based multi-relay network with a direct link.To achieve high throughput in the network,a novel protocol is first developed,in w...This paper studies a dual-hop Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer(SWIPT)-based multi-relay network with a direct link.To achieve high throughput in the network,a novel protocol is first developed,in which the network can switch between a direct transmission mode and a Single-Relay-Selection-based Cooperative Transmission(SRS-CT)mode that employs dynamic decode-and-forward relaying accomplished with Rateless Codes(RCs).Then,under this protocol,an optimization problem is formulated to jointly optimize the network operation mode and the resource allocation in the SRS-CT mode.The formulated problem is difficult to solve because not only does the noncausal Channel State Information(CSI)cause the problem to be stochastic,but also the energy state evolution at each relay is complicated by network operation mode decision and resource allocation.Assuming that noncausal CSI is available,the stochastic optimization issue is first to be addressed by solving an involved deterministic optimization problem via dynamic programming,where the complicated energy state evolution issue is addressed by a layered optimization method.Then,based on a finite-state Markov channel model and assuming that CSI statistical properties are known,the stochastic optimization problem is solved by extending the result derived for the noncausal CSI case to the causal CSI case.Finally,a myopic strategy is proposed to achieve a tradeoff between complexity and performance without the knowledge of CSI statistical properties.The simulation results verify that our proposed SRS-and-RC-based design can achieve a maximum of approximately 40%throughput gain over a simple SRS-and-RC-based baseline scheme in SWIPT-based multi-relay networks.展开更多
Integrated satellite unmanned aerial vehicle relay networks(ISUAVRNs)have become a prominent topic in recent years.This paper investigates the average secrecy capacity(ASC)for reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)-e...Integrated satellite unmanned aerial vehicle relay networks(ISUAVRNs)have become a prominent topic in recent years.This paper investigates the average secrecy capacity(ASC)for reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)-enabled ISUAVRNs.Especially,an eve is considered to intercept the legitimate information from the considered secrecy system.Besides,we get detailed expressions for the ASC of the regarded secrecy system with the aid of the reconfigurable intelligent.Furthermore,to gain insightful results of the major parameters on the ASC in high signalto-noise ratio regime,the approximate investigations are further gotten,which give an efficient method to value the secrecy analysis.At last,some representative computer results are obtained to prove the theoretical findings.展开更多
To promote reliable and secure communications in the cognitive radio network,the automatic modulation classification algorithms have been mainly proposed to estimate a single modulation.In this paper,we address the cl...To promote reliable and secure communications in the cognitive radio network,the automatic modulation classification algorithms have been mainly proposed to estimate a single modulation.In this paper,we address the classification of superimposed modulations dedicated to 5G multipleinput multiple-output(MIMO)two-way cognitive relay network in realistic channels modeled with Nakagami-m distribution.Our purpose consists of classifying pairs of users modulations from superimposed signals.To achieve this goal,we apply the higher-order statistics in conjunction with the Multi-BoostAB classifier.We use several efficiency metrics including the true positive(TP)rate,false positive(FP)rate,precision,recall,F-Measure and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)area in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of correct superimposed modulations classification.Computer simulations prove that our proposal allows obtaining a good probability of classification for ten superimposed modulations at a low signal-to-noise ratio,including the worst case(i.e.,m=0.5),where the fading distribution follows a one-sided Gaussian distribution.We also carry out a comparative study between our proposal usingMultiBoostAB classifier with the decision tree(J48)classifier.Simulation results show that the performance of MultiBoostAB on the superimposed modulations classifications outperforms the one of J48 classifier.In addition,we study the impact of the symbols number,path loss exponent and relay position on the performance of the proposed automatic classification superimposed modulations in terms of probability of correct classification.展开更多
To guarantee secure information transmission within two sources,a full-duplex(FD)relay jamming scheme for two-way energy harvesting(EH)cooperative networks is proposed,in which the relay can achieve simultaneous infor...To guarantee secure information transmission within two sources,a full-duplex(FD)relay jamming scheme for two-way energy harvesting(EH)cooperative networks is proposed,in which the relay can achieve simultaneous information reception and jamming transmission.The EH relay node scavenges energy from two source signals,and then,uses the harvested energy for information relaying and jamming transmission by the power splitting(PS)protocol.Considering multiple eavesdroppers,the nonconvex optimization for maximizing the smaller bidirectional secrecy rates is formulated by jointly optimizing the power allocation and PS factor.Furthermore,an iterative algorithm based on successive convex approximation and alternate search method is proposed to solve this non-convexity.Simulation results verify the proposed iterative algorithm and show that the proposed jamming scheme can achieve substantial performance gain than other conventional schemes.展开更多
In this paper, we consider the joint relay selection and power allocation problem for two-way relay systems with multiple relay nodes. Traditionally, relay selection schemes are primarily focused on selecting one rela...In this paper, we consider the joint relay selection and power allocation problem for two-way relay systems with multiple relay nodes. Traditionally, relay selection schemes are primarily focused on selecting one relay node to maximize the transmission sum rate or minimize the outage probability. If so, it is possible to cause certain relay nodes overloaded. In addition, the joint relay selection and power allocation problem is a mixed integer program problem and prohibitive in terms of complexity. Therefore, we propose a novel low complexity joint relay selection and power allocation algorithm with proportional fair scheduling to get the load-balancing among potential relays. Simulation results turn out that, compared with round-robin schemes and max sum rate schemes, the proposed algorithm can achieve the tradeoff between system transmission sum rate and load-balancing.展开更多
Linear transceiver designs are investigated for distributed two-way relaying networks,which aim at minimising the WeightedMean Square Error(WMSE) of data detections.The forwarding matrices at relays andequalization ma...Linear transceiver designs are investigated for distributed two-way relaying networks,which aim at minimising the WeightedMean Square Error(WMSE) of data detections.The forwarding matrices at relays andequalization matrices at destinations are jointly optimised.To overcome the challenginglimitations introduced by individual powerconstraints,a Semi-Definite Relaxation(SDR)called element-wise relaxation is proposed,which can transform the original optimizationproblem into a standard convex optimizationproblem.In this research,two-way relaying isunderstood from a pure signal processing perspective which can potentially simplify thetheoretical analysis.Finally,simulation resultsare used for assessing the performance advantage of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (NO.61271240, 61671253)
文摘Interference alignment(IA) is one of the promising measures for the multi-user network to manage interference. The rank constraints rank minimization means that interference spans the lowest dimensional subspace and the useful signal spans all available spatial dimensions. In order to improve the performance of two-way relay network, we can use rank constrained rank minimization(RCRM) to solve the IA problem. This paper proposes left reweighted nuclear norm minimization-γalgorithm and selective coupling reweighted nuclear norm minimization algorithm to implement interference alignment in two-way relay networks. The left reweighted nuclear norm minimization-γ algorithm is based on reweighted nuclear norm minimization algorithm and has a novel γ choosing rule. The selective coupling reweighted nuclear norm minimization algorithm weighting methods choose according to singular value of interference matrixes. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms considerably improve the sum rate performance and achieve the higher average achievable multiplexing gain in two-way relay interference networks.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 61501461, 61471269, 61622101 and 61571020the National 973 Project under grant 2013CB336700+2 种基金the National 863 Project under grant SS2015AA011306the National Science Foundation under grant number CNS-1343189 and ECCS-1232305the Early Career Development Award of SKLMCCS (Y3S9021F34)
文摘An estimate-and-forward(EF) scheme for single-input single-output(SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) full-duplex two-way relay networks is proposed and analyzed. The relay estimates the received signal from two terminal nodes by a minimum mean squared error(MMSE) estimation and forwards a scaled version of the MMSE estimate to the destination. The proposed EF outperforms conventional amplify-and-forward(AF) and decode-and-forward(DF) across all signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) region. Because its computational complexity is high for relays with a large number of antennas(large MIMO) and/or high order constellations, an approximate EF scheme, called list EF, are thus proposed to reduce the computational complexity. The proposed list EF computes a candidate list for the MMSE estimate by using a sphere decoder, and it approaches the performance of the exact EF relay at a negligible performance loss. The proposed forwarding approach also could be used to other relay networks, such as half-duplex, one-way or massive MIMO relay networks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61250005)Jiangxi Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2013KY07)
文摘A joint power control and relay selection scheme is considered for a cooperative and cognitive radio system where a secondary network shares spectrum with the primary network. In the secondary network, two secondary users （SUs） communicate with each other via an assist relay. The main point is to provide the best system performance to SUs while maintaining the interference power at primary user （PU） under a certain level. Using convex optimization, a closed-form solution is obtained when optimizing the power allocation among the two nodes and relay. Based on this result, a joint power control and relay selection scheme with fewer variable dimensions is proposed to maximize the achievable rate of the secondary system. Simulation results demonstrate that the sum rate of the cognitive two-way relay network increases compared with a random relay selection and fixed power allocation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61671253,61971241,61631020 and 91738201)the Major Projects of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(16KJA510004)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.BK20171446)the open research fund of National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(KFJJ20170305)。
文摘The large system analysis(LSA)has recently been shown to be a very useful tool for computing the average achievable rate.In this paper,we use LSA to derive the users’average achievable rate of multi-antenna two-way relay networks with interference alignment(IA),and we then derive the rate expressions under both equal power allocation and optimal power allocation.It is shown that the obtained closed-form rate expressions are functions of the average signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for each data stream.Extensive simulation studies show that the average achievable rate expressions derived through LSA provide accurate estimates of the average achievable rate for two-way relay networks with interference alignment.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (61871241, 61771263)Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX18-2422)+3 种基金Six Categories Talent Peak of Jiangsu Province (KTHY-039)Science and Technology Program of Nantong (JC2018127, JC2018129, GY22017013)Stereoscopic Coverage Communication Network Verification Platform for China Sea (PCL2018KP002)Open Research Fund of Nantong University-Nantong Joint Research Center for Intelligent Information Technology (KFKT2017A05, KFKT2017B02)
文摘In this paper, we investigate a joint beamforming and time switching(TS) design for an energy-constrained cognitive two-way relay(TWR) network. In the network, the energy-constrained secondary user(SU) relay employs TS protocol to harvest energy from the signals sent by the circuit-powered primary user(PU) transmitter, and then exploits the harvested energy to perform information forwarding. Our aim is to maximize the sum rate of SUs under the constraints of the data rate of PU, the energy harvesting and the transmit power of the SU relay. To determine the beamforming matrix and TS ratio, we decouple the original non-convex problem into two subproblems which can be solved by semidefinite relaxation and successive convex optimization methods. Furthermore, we derive closed form expressions of the optimal solutions for each subproblem, which facilitates the design of a suboptimal iterative algorithm to handle the original sum rate maximization problem. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed joint design against other conventional schemes in the literature.
文摘In this paper, we investigate a two-way relay network consisting of two sources, multiple cooperative relays and an eavesdropper. To enhance secure communications, a new relay chatting based on transmission scheme is proposed. Specifically, the proposed scheme selects a best relay that maximize the sum mutual information among the sources to forward the sources’ signals using an amplify-and-forward protocol, and the remaining relays transmit interference signals to confuse the eavesdropper via distributed beam forming. It can be found that the proposed scheme with relay chatting does not require the knowledge of the eavesdropper’s channel, and outperforms the joint relay and jammer selection scheme, which introduces the interference into the sources. Numerical results show that the secrecy outage probability of the proposed scheme converges to zero as the transmit power increases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.61501527)State’s Key Project of Research and Development Plan(No.2016YFE0122900-3)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Basic Research Foundation of Science Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(No.JCYJ20150630153033410)SYSU-CMU Shunde International Joint Research Institute and 2016 Major Project of Collaborative Innovation in Guangzhou(Research and Application of Ground Satellite Communicaiton Systems for Space Broadband Information Networks)
文摘Two-way decode-and-forward(DF) relay technique is an efficient method to improve system performance in 5G networks.However,traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) based two-way relay systems only consider a per-subcarrier relay strategy,which treats each subcarrier as a separate channel,which results in significant sum rate loss,especially in fading environments.In this paper,a joint coding scheme over multiple subcarriers is involved for multipair users in two-way relay systems to obtain multiuser diversity.A generalized subcarrier pairing strategy is proposed to permit each user-pair to occupy different subcarriers during the two transmission phases,i.e.,the multiple access and broadcast phases.Moreover,a low complexity joint resource allocation scheme is proposed to improve the spectrum efficiency with an additional multi-user diversity gain.Some numerical simulations are finally provided to verify the efficacy of our proposal.
基金the National Science and Technology Major Project“TD-LTE/FDD-LTE/TDSCDMA/WCDMA/GSM Multi-mode Baseband Commercial Chip Development”(No.2013ZX03001007-004)
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62201276,62350001,U22B2026,and 62471248)Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0300701)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program(Industry Foresight and Key Core Technologies)of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BE2022071)Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.22KJB510007)。
文摘As the first stage of the quantum Internet,quantum key distribution(QKD)networks hold the promise of providing long-term security for diverse users.Most existing QKD networks have been constructed based on independent QKD protocols,and they commonly rely on the deployment of single-protocol trusted relay chains for long reach.Driven by the evolution of QKD protocols,large-scale QKD networking is expected to migrate from a single-protocol to a multi-protocol paradigm,during which some useful evolutionary elements for the later stages of the quantum Internet may be incorporated.In this work,we delve into a pivotal technique for large-scale QKD networking,namely,multi-protocol relay chaining.A multi-protocol relay chain is established by connecting a set of trusted/untrusted relays relying on multiple QKD protocols between a pair of QKD nodes.The structures of diverse multi-protocol relay chains are described,based on which the associated model is formulated and the policies are defined for the deployment of multi-protocol relay chains.Furthermore,we propose three multi-protocol relay chaining heuristics.Numerical simulations indicate that the designed heuristics can effectively reduce the number of trusted relays deployed and enhance the average security level versus the commonly used single-protocol trusted relay chaining methods on backbone network topologies.
基金supported by the Spanish Government and EU,under project PID2019-109842RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033。
文摘In Power Line Communications(PLC),there are regulatory masks that restrict the transmit power spectral density for electromagnetic compatibility reasons,which creates coverage issues despite the not too long distances.Hence,PLC networks often employ repeaters/relays,especially in smart grid neighborhood area networks.Even in broadband indoor PLC systems that offer a notable data rate,relaying may pave the way to new applications like being the backbone for wireless technologies in a cost-effective manner to support the Internet-of-things paradigm.In this paper,we study Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)PLC systems that incorporate inband full-duplex functionality in relaying networks.We present several MIMO configurations that allow end-to-end half-duplex or full-duplex operations and analyze the achievable performance with state-of-the-art PLC systems.To reach this analysis,we get channel realizations from random network layouts for indoor and outdoor scenarios.We adopt realistic MIMO channel and noise models and consider transmission techniques according to PLC standards.The concepts discussed in this work can be useful in the design of future PLC relay-aided networks for different applications that look for a coverage extension and/or throughput:smart grids with enhanced communications in outdoor scenarios,and“last meter”systems for high-speed connections everywhere in indoor ones.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U22A2002, and 62071234)the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (ZDKJ2021022)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Fund Project of Hainan University under Grant KYQD(ZR)-21008the Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Technology, Hainan University (XTCX2022XXC07)
文摘In this paper,an intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-and-unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted two-way amplify-and-forward(AF)relay network in maritime Internet of Things(IoT)is proposed,where ship1(S1)and ship2(S2)can be viewed as data collecting centers.To enhance the message exchange rate between S1 and S2,a problem of maximizing minimum rate is cast,where the variables,namely AF relay beamforming matrix and IRS phase shifts of two time slots,need to be optimized.To achieve a maximum rate,a low-complexity alternately iterative(AI)scheme based on zero forcing and successive convex approximation(LC-ZF-SCA)algorithm is presented.To obtain a significant rate enhancement,a high-performance AI method based on one step,semidefinite programming and penalty SCA(ONSSDP-PSCA)is proposed.Simulation results show that by the proposed LC-ZF-SCA and ONS-SDP-PSCA methods,the rate of the IRS-and-UAV-assisted AF relay network surpass those of with random phase and only AF relay networks.Moreover,ONS-SDP-PSCA perform better than LC-ZF-SCA in aspect of rate.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61971450in part by the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Project Foundation under Grant 2018TP1018+1 种基金in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province under Grant 2018JJ2533in part by Hunan Province College Students Research Learning and Innovative Experiment Project under Grant S202110542056。
文摘This paper investigates the security and reliability of information transmission within an underlay wiretap energy harvesting cognitive two-way relay network.In the network,energy-constrained secondary network(SN)nodes harvest energy from radio frequency signals of a multi-antenna power beacon.Two SN sources exchange their messages via a SN decode-and-forward relay in the presence of a multiantenna eavesdropper by using a four-phase time division broadcast protocol,and the hardware impairments of SN nodes and eavesdropper are modeled.To alleviate eavesdropping attacks,the artificial noise is applied by SN nodes.The physical layer security performance of SN is analyzed and evaluated by the exact closed-form expressions of outage probability(OP),intercept probability(IP),and OP+IP over quasistatic Rayleigh fading channel.Additionally,due to the complexity of OP+IP expression,a self-adaptive chaotic quantum particle swarm optimization-based resource allocation algorithm is proposed to jointly optimize energy harvesting ratio and power allocation factor,which can achieve security-reliability tradeoff for SN.Extensive simulations demonstrate the correctness of theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm.
文摘This paper is concerned with design-ing symbol labeling for a low-density parity-check(LDPC)-coded delayed bit-interleaved coded modu-lation(DBICM)scheme in a two-way relay channel(TWRC).We first present some properties of symbol labeling within a phase shift keying(PSK)modula-tion.These properties reduce the candidate labeling search space.Based on this search space,we take DBICM capacity as the cost function and propose a general method for optimizing symbol labeling by em-ploying the differential evolution algorithm.Numeri-cal results show that our labeling obtains a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)gain up to 0.45 dB with respect to Gray labeling.
文摘A Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)can relay signals from the transmitter to the receiver.In this regard,RISs operate similarly to traditional relays.We design a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output(MIMO)system with a hybrid network of RIS and Half-Duplex(HD)Amplify-and-Forward(AF)relay.We model the system’s signal propagation and propose a new algorithm to get the system’s Achievable Rate(AR)value.We complete simulations to evaluate the performance of the RIS and HD-AF relay hybrid network system compared to the system assisted by either the RIS or HD-AF relay.The simulations indicate that many factors can considerably influence the system performance.Selecting an optimal placement for the RIS and relay can result in the best performance for the RIS and HD-AF relay hybrid network system in situations where the direct link between the receiver and transmitter is absent.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61872098 and Grant 61902084the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under Grant 2017A030313363.
文摘This paper studies a dual-hop Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer(SWIPT)-based multi-relay network with a direct link.To achieve high throughput in the network,a novel protocol is first developed,in which the network can switch between a direct transmission mode and a Single-Relay-Selection-based Cooperative Transmission(SRS-CT)mode that employs dynamic decode-and-forward relaying accomplished with Rateless Codes(RCs).Then,under this protocol,an optimization problem is formulated to jointly optimize the network operation mode and the resource allocation in the SRS-CT mode.The formulated problem is difficult to solve because not only does the noncausal Channel State Information(CSI)cause the problem to be stochastic,but also the energy state evolution at each relay is complicated by network operation mode decision and resource allocation.Assuming that noncausal CSI is available,the stochastic optimization issue is first to be addressed by solving an involved deterministic optimization problem via dynamic programming,where the complicated energy state evolution issue is addressed by a layered optimization method.Then,based on a finite-state Markov channel model and assuming that CSI statistical properties are known,the stochastic optimization problem is solved by extending the result derived for the noncausal CSI case to the causal CSI case.Finally,a myopic strategy is proposed to achieve a tradeoff between complexity and performance without the knowledge of CSI statistical properties.The simulation results verify that our proposed SRS-and-RC-based design can achieve a maximum of approximately 40%throughput gain over a simple SRS-and-RC-based baseline scheme in SWIPT-based multi-relay networks.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62001517 and 61971474the Beijing Nova Program under Grant Z201100006820121.
文摘Integrated satellite unmanned aerial vehicle relay networks(ISUAVRNs)have become a prominent topic in recent years.This paper investigates the average secrecy capacity(ASC)for reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)-enabled ISUAVRNs.Especially,an eve is considered to intercept the legitimate information from the considered secrecy system.Besides,we get detailed expressions for the ASC of the regarded secrecy system with the aid of the reconfigurable intelligent.Furthermore,to gain insightful results of the major parameters on the ASC in high signalto-noise ratio regime,the approximate investigations are further gotten,which give an efficient method to value the secrecy analysis.At last,some representative computer results are obtained to prove the theoretical findings.
文摘To promote reliable and secure communications in the cognitive radio network,the automatic modulation classification algorithms have been mainly proposed to estimate a single modulation.In this paper,we address the classification of superimposed modulations dedicated to 5G multipleinput multiple-output(MIMO)two-way cognitive relay network in realistic channels modeled with Nakagami-m distribution.Our purpose consists of classifying pairs of users modulations from superimposed signals.To achieve this goal,we apply the higher-order statistics in conjunction with the Multi-BoostAB classifier.We use several efficiency metrics including the true positive(TP)rate,false positive(FP)rate,precision,recall,F-Measure and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)area in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of correct superimposed modulations classification.Computer simulations prove that our proposal allows obtaining a good probability of classification for ten superimposed modulations at a low signal-to-noise ratio,including the worst case(i.e.,m=0.5),where the fading distribution follows a one-sided Gaussian distribution.We also carry out a comparative study between our proposal usingMultiBoostAB classifier with the decision tree(J48)classifier.Simulation results show that the performance of MultiBoostAB on the superimposed modulations classifications outperforms the one of J48 classifier.In addition,we study the impact of the symbols number,path loss exponent and relay position on the performance of the proposed automatic classification superimposed modulations in terms of probability of correct classification.
基金supported in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant 61473066 and Grant 61601109the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.N152305001the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province under Grant F2017501039.
文摘To guarantee secure information transmission within two sources,a full-duplex(FD)relay jamming scheme for two-way energy harvesting(EH)cooperative networks is proposed,in which the relay can achieve simultaneous information reception and jamming transmission.The EH relay node scavenges energy from two source signals,and then,uses the harvested energy for information relaying and jamming transmission by the power splitting(PS)protocol.Considering multiple eavesdroppers,the nonconvex optimization for maximizing the smaller bidirectional secrecy rates is formulated by jointly optimizing the power allocation and PS factor.Furthermore,an iterative algorithm based on successive convex approximation and alternate search method is proposed to solve this non-convexity.Simulation results verify the proposed iterative algorithm and show that the proposed jamming scheme can achieve substantial performance gain than other conventional schemes.
基金supported by the Sino-Swedish IMT-Advanced Cooperation Project (2008DFA11780)the Canada-China Scientific and Technological Cooperation (2010DFA11320)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60802033, 60873190)the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2008AA01Z211)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2009RC0308, G470209)the Important National Science and Technology Specific Projects (2010ZX03007-003-04,2010ZX03005-001-03)
文摘In this paper, we consider the joint relay selection and power allocation problem for two-way relay systems with multiple relay nodes. Traditionally, relay selection schemes are primarily focused on selecting one relay node to maximize the transmission sum rate or minimize the outage probability. If so, it is possible to cause certain relay nodes overloaded. In addition, the joint relay selection and power allocation problem is a mixed integer program problem and prohibitive in terms of complexity. Therefore, we propose a novel low complexity joint relay selection and power allocation algorithm with proportional fair scheduling to get the load-balancing among potential relays. Simulation results turn out that, compared with round-robin schemes and max sum rate schemes, the proposed algorithm can achieve the tradeoff between system transmission sum rate and load-balancing.
基金supported in part by EricssonNational Science and Technology Major Project under Grant No.2010ZX03003-003-03+2 种基金Sino-Swedish IMT-Advanced and Beyond Cooperative Program under Grant No.2008DFA11780National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61101130the Excellent Young Scholar Research Funding of Beijing Institute of Technology under Grant No.2013CX04038
文摘Linear transceiver designs are investigated for distributed two-way relaying networks,which aim at minimising the WeightedMean Square Error(WMSE) of data detections.The forwarding matrices at relays andequalization matrices at destinations are jointly optimised.To overcome the challenginglimitations introduced by individual powerconstraints,a Semi-Definite Relaxation(SDR)called element-wise relaxation is proposed,which can transform the original optimizationproblem into a standard convex optimizationproblem.In this research,two-way relaying isunderstood from a pure signal processing perspective which can potentially simplify thetheoretical analysis.Finally,simulation resultsare used for assessing the performance advantage of the proposed algorithm.
