Crystal morphologies and resistivity of polysilicon trap-rich layers of two-generation trap-rich silicon-on-insulator（TR-SOI） substrates are studied. It is found that the resistivity of the trap-rich layer of genera...Crystal morphologies and resistivity of polysilicon trap-rich layers of two-generation trap-rich silicon-on-insulator（TR-SOI） substrates are studied. It is found that the resistivity of the trap-rich layer of generation 2（TR-G2）is higher than that of generation 1（TR-G1）, although the crystal morphologies of the trap rich layers are the same. In addition, the rf performance of two-generation TR-SOI substrates is investigated by coplanar waveguide lines and inductors. The results show that both the rf loss and the second harmonic distortion of TR-G2 are smaller than those of TR-G1. These results can be attributed to the higher resistivity values of both the trap-rich layer and the high-resistivity silicon（HR-Si） substrate of TR-G2. Moreover, the rf performance of the TR-SOI substrate with thicker buried oxide is slightly better. The second harmonics of various TR-SOI substrates are simulated and evaluated with the harmonic quality factor model as well. It can be predicted that the TR-SOI substrate will see further improvement in rf performance if the resistivities of both the trap-rich layer and HR-Si substrate increase.展开更多
To study the effect of endocrine disruptor chemicals in cow milk on female reproductive system. Methods A two-generation reproduction was conducted according to U. S. FDA standard. Milk was fed in special bottle to Wi...To study the effect of endocrine disruptor chemicals in cow milk on female reproductive system. Methods A two-generation reproduction was conducted according to U. S. FDA standard. Milk was fed in special bottle to Wistar rats of both sexes through two successive generations （F0 and F1） in the milk group while artificial milk was fed to rats in the control group. Twenty-four rats of each sex were mated in each group. Measurements were made according to this guideline. Results Reproductive parameters in the milk group such as fertility index, gestation index, weights of uterus and ovary, days of vaginal opening, estrous cycles, histological morphological changes were comparable to those in the control group. However, the means of body weight had some differences. The body weight gains increased significantly in the milk-treated group in F1 and F2 generation compared with those in the control group. The concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1） in blood in the milk group was comparable to that in the control group, but the standard deviation changed greatly in the milk-treated rats. Conclusion Endocrine disruptor chemicals in milk have no severe effects on the female reproductive system.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61376021 and 61674159the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader under Grant No 17XD1424500
文摘Crystal morphologies and resistivity of polysilicon trap-rich layers of two-generation trap-rich silicon-on-insulator（TR-SOI） substrates are studied. It is found that the resistivity of the trap-rich layer of generation 2（TR-G2）is higher than that of generation 1（TR-G1）, although the crystal morphologies of the trap rich layers are the same. In addition, the rf performance of two-generation TR-SOI substrates is investigated by coplanar waveguide lines and inductors. The results show that both the rf loss and the second harmonic distortion of TR-G2 are smaller than those of TR-G1. These results can be attributed to the higher resistivity values of both the trap-rich layer and the high-resistivity silicon（HR-Si） substrate of TR-G2. Moreover, the rf performance of the TR-SOI substrate with thicker buried oxide is slightly better. The second harmonics of various TR-SOI substrates are simulated and evaluated with the harmonic quality factor model as well. It can be predicted that the TR-SOI substrate will see further improvement in rf performance if the resistivities of both the trap-rich layer and HR-Si substrate increase.
文摘To study the effect of endocrine disruptor chemicals in cow milk on female reproductive system. Methods A two-generation reproduction was conducted according to U. S. FDA standard. Milk was fed in special bottle to Wistar rats of both sexes through two successive generations （F0 and F1） in the milk group while artificial milk was fed to rats in the control group. Twenty-four rats of each sex were mated in each group. Measurements were made according to this guideline. Results Reproductive parameters in the milk group such as fertility index, gestation index, weights of uterus and ovary, days of vaginal opening, estrous cycles, histological morphological changes were comparable to those in the control group. However, the means of body weight had some differences. The body weight gains increased significantly in the milk-treated group in F1 and F2 generation compared with those in the control group. The concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1） in blood in the milk group was comparable to that in the control group, but the standard deviation changed greatly in the milk-treated rats. Conclusion Endocrine disruptor chemicals in milk have no severe effects on the female reproductive system.
