Objective To analyze the chemical constituents of Shanxiangyuanye(Turpiniae Folium)through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method,and to evaluate their anti-oxidant,hypoglycemic,and anti-glycat...Objective To analyze the chemical constituents of Shanxiangyuanye(Turpiniae Folium)through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method,and to evaluate their anti-oxidant,hypoglycemic,and anti-glycation activities related to diabetic complications.Methods The supernatant of Shanxiangyuanye(Turpiniae Folium)(TFS),obtained following water extraction and alcohol precipitation,was analyzed by LC-MS/MS.Antioxidant activity of TFS in vitro was evaluated using three experimental approaches:the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging assay,the 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS+)radical cation decolorization assay,and the hydroxyl(·OH)radical scavenging assay.To comprehensively evaluate hypoglycemic potential,α-glucosidase inhibition was measured to analyze in vitro hypoglycemic activity.Subsequently,in vitro models were developed to examine anti-glycation activity through the bovine serum albumin(BSA)-fructose(Fru),BSA-methylglyoxal(MGO),BSA-glyoxal(GO),and D-arginine(Arg)-MGO systems,with particular attention to the inhibitory effects of TFS.Furthermore,the concentrations of fructosamine,protein carbonyls,sulfhydryl groups,andβ-amyloid in the glycation solution were quantified using the BSA-Fru model following 7-d of incubation at 37°C.Results Using LC-MS/MS analysis in both positive and negative ion modes,we identified 750 chemical components in TFS,primarily including organic acids,amino acids,and their derivatives.In vitro activity studies demonstrated that TFS exhibited remarkable free radical scavenging capacity,with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations(IC_(50))of 0.47,1.56,and 0.36 mg/mL against DPPH,ABTS+,and·OH radicals,respectively.Regarding hypoglycemic activity,TFS dose-dependently inhibitedα-glucosidase activity(IC_(50)=0.21 mg/mL),displaying comparable efficacy to the clinical drug acarbose(IC_(50)=0.23 mg/mL).Notably,TFS intervened in the glycation process:IC_(50) values were 0.22,1.91–4.96,and 4.09 mg/mL in the BSAFru,BSA-MGO/GO,and Arg-MGO models,respectively,with the most prominent inhibitory effects observed in the BSA-Fru model.Furthermore,although TFS may not effectively preserve thiol groups in BSA or reduce thiol oxidation during glycation,it significantly reduces fructosamine levels(in a dose-dependent manner),decreasesβ-amyloid formation,and inhibits protein carbonylation(P<0.0001).Conclusion The findings demonstrate that TFS exhibits a complex chemical composition with potent antioxidant,hypoglycemic,and anti-glycation activities.These results provide compelling scientific evidence supporting TFS’s potential as a natural adjuvant for diabetes prevention and complication management,while laying a solid foundation for its applications in functional food development and adjunctive antidiabetic therapeutics.展开更多
Objective To optimize the extraction procedure and obtain the maximum total polysaccharide yield from Turpiniae Folium.Methods Response surface methodology(RSM),combining Plackett–Burman design(PBD),steepest ascent m...Objective To optimize the extraction procedure and obtain the maximum total polysaccharide yield from Turpiniae Folium.Methods Response surface methodology(RSM),combining Plackett–Burman design(PBD),steepest ascent method,and Box–Behnken design(BBD),was employed.The significant factors contributing to polysaccharide production were determined by PBD.The path of steepest ascent method was performed to rapidly reach the neighborhood of the optimum region.BBD and RSM were applied to further investigate the mutual interaction between the variables and to define the optimal values.Results The significant factors contributing to polysaccharide production were enzyme concentration,extraction time,and liquid-to-solid ratio.The optimal conditions for maximal TFP were:enzyme concentration of2.8%,extraction time of41min,and liquid-to-solid ratio of27mL/g.The experimental yield of3.08%was in good agreement with the model-predicted yield of3.1%under the optimized conditions.Conclusion This study was successfully applied to optimize the extraction conditions of Turpiniae Folium polysaccharide,which can contribute to its further production and application.展开更多
基金Key Project of Hunan Provincial Education Bureau(23A0307)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2025JJ80089)。
文摘Objective To analyze the chemical constituents of Shanxiangyuanye(Turpiniae Folium)through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method,and to evaluate their anti-oxidant,hypoglycemic,and anti-glycation activities related to diabetic complications.Methods The supernatant of Shanxiangyuanye(Turpiniae Folium)(TFS),obtained following water extraction and alcohol precipitation,was analyzed by LC-MS/MS.Antioxidant activity of TFS in vitro was evaluated using three experimental approaches:the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging assay,the 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS+)radical cation decolorization assay,and the hydroxyl(·OH)radical scavenging assay.To comprehensively evaluate hypoglycemic potential,α-glucosidase inhibition was measured to analyze in vitro hypoglycemic activity.Subsequently,in vitro models were developed to examine anti-glycation activity through the bovine serum albumin(BSA)-fructose(Fru),BSA-methylglyoxal(MGO),BSA-glyoxal(GO),and D-arginine(Arg)-MGO systems,with particular attention to the inhibitory effects of TFS.Furthermore,the concentrations of fructosamine,protein carbonyls,sulfhydryl groups,andβ-amyloid in the glycation solution were quantified using the BSA-Fru model following 7-d of incubation at 37°C.Results Using LC-MS/MS analysis in both positive and negative ion modes,we identified 750 chemical components in TFS,primarily including organic acids,amino acids,and their derivatives.In vitro activity studies demonstrated that TFS exhibited remarkable free radical scavenging capacity,with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations(IC_(50))of 0.47,1.56,and 0.36 mg/mL against DPPH,ABTS+,and·OH radicals,respectively.Regarding hypoglycemic activity,TFS dose-dependently inhibitedα-glucosidase activity(IC_(50)=0.21 mg/mL),displaying comparable efficacy to the clinical drug acarbose(IC_(50)=0.23 mg/mL).Notably,TFS intervened in the glycation process:IC_(50) values were 0.22,1.91–4.96,and 4.09 mg/mL in the BSAFru,BSA-MGO/GO,and Arg-MGO models,respectively,with the most prominent inhibitory effects observed in the BSA-Fru model.Furthermore,although TFS may not effectively preserve thiol groups in BSA or reduce thiol oxidation during glycation,it significantly reduces fructosamine levels(in a dose-dependent manner),decreasesβ-amyloid formation,and inhibits protein carbonylation(P<0.0001).Conclusion The findings demonstrate that TFS exhibits a complex chemical composition with potent antioxidant,hypoglycemic,and anti-glycation activities.These results provide compelling scientific evidence supporting TFS’s potential as a natural adjuvant for diabetes prevention and complication management,while laying a solid foundation for its applications in functional food development and adjunctive antidiabetic therapeutics.
基金funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81503041)Project Foundation of Changsha Science and Technology Bureau(No.kq1701073)
文摘Objective To optimize the extraction procedure and obtain the maximum total polysaccharide yield from Turpiniae Folium.Methods Response surface methodology(RSM),combining Plackett–Burman design(PBD),steepest ascent method,and Box–Behnken design(BBD),was employed.The significant factors contributing to polysaccharide production were determined by PBD.The path of steepest ascent method was performed to rapidly reach the neighborhood of the optimum region.BBD and RSM were applied to further investigate the mutual interaction between the variables and to define the optimal values.Results The significant factors contributing to polysaccharide production were enzyme concentration,extraction time,and liquid-to-solid ratio.The optimal conditions for maximal TFP were:enzyme concentration of2.8%,extraction time of41min,and liquid-to-solid ratio of27mL/g.The experimental yield of3.08%was in good agreement with the model-predicted yield of3.1%under the optimized conditions.Conclusion This study was successfully applied to optimize the extraction conditions of Turpiniae Folium polysaccharide,which can contribute to its further production and application.
