Tuberculosis(TB)remains a critical global health challenge,with 10.8 million new cases and over 1.25 million deaths reported annually,disproportionately affecting low-income regions.Despite its use,the Bacillus Calmet...Tuberculosis(TB)remains a critical global health challenge,with 10.8 million new cases and over 1.25 million deaths reported annually,disproportionately affecting low-income regions.Despite its use,the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG)vaccine provides limited protection against adult pulmonary TB,necessitating novel solutions.The messenger RNA(mRNA)vaccine technology,proven effective in combating coronavirus disease 2019,offers significant promise for TB prevention.These vaccines elicit robust immune responses by encoding antigens that stimulate humoral and cell-mediated immunity,essential for combating mycobacterium TB.Unlike traditional methods,mRNA vaccines are highly adaptable,scalable,and capable of targeting emerging strains.Preclinical studies highlight the enhanced efficacy of mRNA TB vaccines over BCG,demonstrating their ability to reduce bacterial burdens and generate memory T-cell responses critical for long-term protection.However,challenges persist,including mRNA instability,cold-chain storage needs,and mycobacterium’s complex immune evasion strategies.Innovative solutions,such as lipid nanoparticle delivery systems and selfamplifying mRNA platforms,are being developed to address these barriers.The initiation of clinical trials,notably BioNTech’s BNT164,marks a pivotal advancement in TB vaccine development.These trials focus on safety,immuno genicity,and efficacy,particularly in regions with high TB prevalence.While logistical and financial hurdles remain,mRNA vaccines hold transformative potential to bridge critical gaps in TB prevention.Their adaptability extends to tackling co-infections like human immunodeficiency virus,further amplifying their impact on global health.By integrating mRNA vaccines into existing TB control strategies,these advancements could revolutionize prevention efforts,especially in regions where current solutions fall short.Continued innovation and investment are crucial to harnessing the full potential of mRNA vaccines,positioning them as a cornerstone in the fight against TB and its global eradication.展开更多
Objective: to study the effectiveness of "TRICE" in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis under the condition of treating tuberculosis patients. Methods: from January 2012 to December 2020, 163 patien...Objective: to study the effectiveness of "TRICE" in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis under the condition of treating tuberculosis patients. Methods: from January 2012 to December 2020, 163 patients with tuberculosis were randomly divided into two groups. The control group provided general medical treatment, while the research group introduced the model of tuberculosis compound. Self-care and quality of life before and after nursing were compared. Results: compared with the control group, the ability of self-care and quality of life in the study group was significantly different (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the introduction of "Triune" model of tuberculosis type of tuberculosis patients gives specific results, which increases the ability of patients to take care of patients independently and improve their quality of life.展开更多
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global health challenge and currently only one licensed vaccine is available. For nearly 100 years, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been in use. Wh...Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global health challenge and currently only one licensed vaccine is available. For nearly 100 years, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been in use. While it provides protection against disseminated TB in infants, its protection against adult and adolescent pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is variable. This literature review will provide an overview of the clinical status of candidate TB vaccines and discuss the challenges and future development trends of novel TB vaccine research, in combination with a general overview of the Tuberculosis (TB) disease and Mycobacterium tuberculosis itself. Methods: Bibliographic searches were carried out on medical journal databases, publishers, and aggregators. The most used databases were PubMed, NCBI and MDPI. Publications in English on these and other databases relating to novel TB vaccines were included in this review. Results: Currently, there are 12 main vaccine candidates in various phases of clinical trials, they include four protein or adjuvant vaccines, three viral-vectored vaccines, three mycobacterial whole cells or extract vaccines, and one each of the recombinant life and the attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine. Currently, the most likely candidate vaccines are the M72 + AS01E and Vaccae vaccines. M72 + AS01E is a recombinant fusion protein vaccine candidate, clinical trials showed that administering two doses of M72/AS01E was successful in reducing the development of active TB disease with 50% efficacy. Studies have also proven the efficacy of Vaccae (which is currently in phase III clinical trials) as an adjunctive therapy, with it being curative in conjunction with current therapy. Conclusion: Given the morbidity and mortality suffered globally by M. tuberculosis, it is time to realize the seriousness of the situation and accelerate our commitment and investment to the eradication of this infectious disease. With the number of vaccine candidates currently in clinical trials having promising results, it is imperative to continue these studies and accelerate towards phase III licensure trials if we are to achieve the milestone of “End TB Strategy” by 2035. Today, we are witnessing immense progress in both preclinical and clinical TB vaccine research despite disappointing results from some of the clinical efficacy trials like that of MVA85A. We can revisit the design of vaccines and learn from them. It is important not only to recognize and give credit to those that have tested well in human trials, such as M72 + AS01E, but to expedite and improve its efficacy through funding of its research.展开更多
Objective: to explore the application of health education in tuberculosis control in school. Methods: conduct 1000 students from January 2020 to December 2020 for health education on tuberculosis prevention and contro...Objective: to explore the application of health education in tuberculosis control in school. Methods: conduct 1000 students from January 2020 to December 2020 for health education on tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge, and compare the differences between student awareness of tuberculosis knowledge, tuberculosis prevention awareness, health belief rate and health behavior formation rate before and after health education. Results: after health education on TB control knowledge, the awareness of TB knowledge, health belief rate and health behavior formation rate were higher than before health education, P <0.05. Conclusion: TB prevention knowledge and health belief and health behavior.展开更多
Objective We aimed to understand the willingness and barriers to the acceptance of tuberculosis(TB)preventive treatment(TPT)among people with latent TB infection(LTBI)in China.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional stu...Objective We aimed to understand the willingness and barriers to the acceptance of tuberculosis(TB)preventive treatment(TPT)among people with latent TB infection(LTBI)in China.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from May 18,2023 to December 31,2023 across 10 counties in China.According to a national technical guide,we included healthcare workers,students,teachers,and others occupations aged 15-65 years as our research participants.Results Overall,17.0%(183/1,077)of participants accepted TPT.There were statistically significant differences in the acceptance rate of TPT among different sexes,ages,educational levels,and occupations(P<0.05).The main barriers to TPT acceptance were misconceptions that it had uncertain effects on prevention(57.8%,517/894),and concerns about side effects(32.7%,292/894).Conclusion An enhanced and comprehensive understanding of LTBI and TPT among people with LTBI is vital to further expand TPT in China.Moreover,targeted policies need to be developed to address barriers faced by different groups of people.展开更多
Preventive treatment has an essential effect on latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)[purified protein derivative(PPD)induration≥15 mm].Between2010 and 2013,there were 6 tuberculosis(TB)outbreaks in the universities in...Preventive treatment has an essential effect on latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)[purified protein derivative(PPD)induration≥15 mm].Between2010 and 2013,there were 6 tuberculosis(TB)outbreaks in the universities in Dalian,China.So far,in Dalian,the directly observed therapy(DOT)and展开更多
Introduction:Tuberculosis preventive treatment(TPT)is pivotal in preventing the progression of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)to active tuberculosis(ATB).However,systematic,national data on TPT implementation in C...Introduction:Tuberculosis preventive treatment(TPT)is pivotal in preventing the progression of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)to active tuberculosis(ATB).However,systematic,national data on TPT implementation in China are scarce.We characterized the scale-up of the TPT between 2022 and 2025,and identified the factors associated with its acceptance and completion.Methods:This preplanned cross-sectional study utilized two levels of national TPT surveillance[31 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs),2022-2025]and 2,676 individuals with LTBI(five PLADs,2023-2024).The analyses included descriptive statistics and Firth-penalized logistic regression(R 4.3.1).Results:The number of TPT recipients increased 2.5-fold(37,514-92,331)with approximately 79%short-course regimen use.The acceptance and completion rates were 45.14%and 85.18%,respectively.Higher acceptance was observed in individuals aged 15-44 years[odds ratio(OR)=0.648,95%confidence interval(CI):0.469,0.896],ethnic minorities(OR=5.045,95%CI:1.910,16.914),healthcare workers(OR=82.029,95%CI:16.422,822.390),and designated hospitals(OR=3.620,95%CI:2.507,5.281).It was lower in immunocompromised individuals(OR=0.409,95%CI:0.219,0.749)and those with moderate PPD positivity(OR=0.384,95%CI:0.275,0.533).Conclusions:China has progressed in scaling up the TPT;however,low acceptance and subgroup disparities persist.Integrating TPT into routine clinical practice,prioritizing short-course regimens,and targeting high-risk groups are critical for TB elimination.展开更多
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)remains a critical global health challenge,with 10.8 million new cases and over 1.25 million deaths reported annually,disproportionately affecting low-income regions.Despite its use,the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG)vaccine provides limited protection against adult pulmonary TB,necessitating novel solutions.The messenger RNA(mRNA)vaccine technology,proven effective in combating coronavirus disease 2019,offers significant promise for TB prevention.These vaccines elicit robust immune responses by encoding antigens that stimulate humoral and cell-mediated immunity,essential for combating mycobacterium TB.Unlike traditional methods,mRNA vaccines are highly adaptable,scalable,and capable of targeting emerging strains.Preclinical studies highlight the enhanced efficacy of mRNA TB vaccines over BCG,demonstrating their ability to reduce bacterial burdens and generate memory T-cell responses critical for long-term protection.However,challenges persist,including mRNA instability,cold-chain storage needs,and mycobacterium’s complex immune evasion strategies.Innovative solutions,such as lipid nanoparticle delivery systems and selfamplifying mRNA platforms,are being developed to address these barriers.The initiation of clinical trials,notably BioNTech’s BNT164,marks a pivotal advancement in TB vaccine development.These trials focus on safety,immuno genicity,and efficacy,particularly in regions with high TB prevalence.While logistical and financial hurdles remain,mRNA vaccines hold transformative potential to bridge critical gaps in TB prevention.Their adaptability extends to tackling co-infections like human immunodeficiency virus,further amplifying their impact on global health.By integrating mRNA vaccines into existing TB control strategies,these advancements could revolutionize prevention efforts,especially in regions where current solutions fall short.Continued innovation and investment are crucial to harnessing the full potential of mRNA vaccines,positioning them as a cornerstone in the fight against TB and its global eradication.
文摘Objective: to study the effectiveness of "TRICE" in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis under the condition of treating tuberculosis patients. Methods: from January 2012 to December 2020, 163 patients with tuberculosis were randomly divided into two groups. The control group provided general medical treatment, while the research group introduced the model of tuberculosis compound. Self-care and quality of life before and after nursing were compared. Results: compared with the control group, the ability of self-care and quality of life in the study group was significantly different (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the introduction of "Triune" model of tuberculosis type of tuberculosis patients gives specific results, which increases the ability of patients to take care of patients independently and improve their quality of life.
文摘Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global health challenge and currently only one licensed vaccine is available. For nearly 100 years, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been in use. While it provides protection against disseminated TB in infants, its protection against adult and adolescent pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is variable. This literature review will provide an overview of the clinical status of candidate TB vaccines and discuss the challenges and future development trends of novel TB vaccine research, in combination with a general overview of the Tuberculosis (TB) disease and Mycobacterium tuberculosis itself. Methods: Bibliographic searches were carried out on medical journal databases, publishers, and aggregators. The most used databases were PubMed, NCBI and MDPI. Publications in English on these and other databases relating to novel TB vaccines were included in this review. Results: Currently, there are 12 main vaccine candidates in various phases of clinical trials, they include four protein or adjuvant vaccines, three viral-vectored vaccines, three mycobacterial whole cells or extract vaccines, and one each of the recombinant life and the attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine. Currently, the most likely candidate vaccines are the M72 + AS01E and Vaccae vaccines. M72 + AS01E is a recombinant fusion protein vaccine candidate, clinical trials showed that administering two doses of M72/AS01E was successful in reducing the development of active TB disease with 50% efficacy. Studies have also proven the efficacy of Vaccae (which is currently in phase III clinical trials) as an adjunctive therapy, with it being curative in conjunction with current therapy. Conclusion: Given the morbidity and mortality suffered globally by M. tuberculosis, it is time to realize the seriousness of the situation and accelerate our commitment and investment to the eradication of this infectious disease. With the number of vaccine candidates currently in clinical trials having promising results, it is imperative to continue these studies and accelerate towards phase III licensure trials if we are to achieve the milestone of “End TB Strategy” by 2035. Today, we are witnessing immense progress in both preclinical and clinical TB vaccine research despite disappointing results from some of the clinical efficacy trials like that of MVA85A. We can revisit the design of vaccines and learn from them. It is important not only to recognize and give credit to those that have tested well in human trials, such as M72 + AS01E, but to expedite and improve its efficacy through funding of its research.
文摘Objective: to explore the application of health education in tuberculosis control in school. Methods: conduct 1000 students from January 2020 to December 2020 for health education on tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge, and compare the differences between student awareness of tuberculosis knowledge, tuberculosis prevention awareness, health belief rate and health behavior formation rate before and after health education. Results: after health education on TB control knowledge, the awareness of TB knowledge, health belief rate and health behavior formation rate were higher than before health education, P <0.05. Conclusion: TB prevention knowledge and health belief and health behavior.
基金Public-Benefit Project on Tuberculosis Patient Care Action[09107].
文摘Objective We aimed to understand the willingness and barriers to the acceptance of tuberculosis(TB)preventive treatment(TPT)among people with latent TB infection(LTBI)in China.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from May 18,2023 to December 31,2023 across 10 counties in China.According to a national technical guide,we included healthcare workers,students,teachers,and others occupations aged 15-65 years as our research participants.Results Overall,17.0%(183/1,077)of participants accepted TPT.There were statistically significant differences in the acceptance rate of TPT among different sexes,ages,educational levels,and occupations(P<0.05).The main barriers to TPT acceptance were misconceptions that it had uncertain effects on prevention(57.8%,517/894),and concerns about side effects(32.7%,292/894).Conclusion An enhanced and comprehensive understanding of LTBI and TPT among people with LTBI is vital to further expand TPT in China.Moreover,targeted policies need to be developed to address barriers faced by different groups of people.
文摘Preventive treatment has an essential effect on latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)[purified protein derivative(PPD)induration≥15 mm].Between2010 and 2013,there were 6 tuberculosis(TB)outbreaks in the universities in Dalian,China.So far,in Dalian,the directly observed therapy(DOT)and
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program(2024YFC2311204 and 2024YFC2310905)Prevention and Control of Emerging and Major Infectious Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2025ZD01901000).
文摘Introduction:Tuberculosis preventive treatment(TPT)is pivotal in preventing the progression of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)to active tuberculosis(ATB).However,systematic,national data on TPT implementation in China are scarce.We characterized the scale-up of the TPT between 2022 and 2025,and identified the factors associated with its acceptance and completion.Methods:This preplanned cross-sectional study utilized two levels of national TPT surveillance[31 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs),2022-2025]and 2,676 individuals with LTBI(five PLADs,2023-2024).The analyses included descriptive statistics and Firth-penalized logistic regression(R 4.3.1).Results:The number of TPT recipients increased 2.5-fold(37,514-92,331)with approximately 79%short-course regimen use.The acceptance and completion rates were 45.14%and 85.18%,respectively.Higher acceptance was observed in individuals aged 15-44 years[odds ratio(OR)=0.648,95%confidence interval(CI):0.469,0.896],ethnic minorities(OR=5.045,95%CI:1.910,16.914),healthcare workers(OR=82.029,95%CI:16.422,822.390),and designated hospitals(OR=3.620,95%CI:2.507,5.281).It was lower in immunocompromised individuals(OR=0.409,95%CI:0.219,0.749)and those with moderate PPD positivity(OR=0.384,95%CI:0.275,0.533).Conclusions:China has progressed in scaling up the TPT;however,low acceptance and subgroup disparities persist.Integrating TPT into routine clinical practice,prioritizing short-course regimens,and targeting high-risk groups are critical for TB elimination.
