Localized high-concentration electrolytes offer a potential solution for achieving uniform lithium deposition and a stable solid-electrolyte interface in Lithium metal batteries.However,the use of highly concentrated ...Localized high-concentration electrolytes offer a potential solution for achieving uniform lithium deposition and a stable solid-electrolyte interface in Lithium metal batteries.However,the use of highly concentrated salts or structure-loaded diluents can result in significantly higher production costs and increased environmental burdens.Herein,a novel localized high-concentration electrolyte is developed,comprising ultra-low content(2%by mass)triethylammonium chloride as an electrolyte additive.The stable Lewis acid structure of the triethylammonium chloride molecule allows for the adsorption of numerous solvent molecules and TFSI^(-)anions,intensifying the electrostatic interactions between lithium ions and anions.The chloride ions introduced by TC,along with TFSI^(–)anions,integrate into the solvent sheath,forming a LiCl-rich inorganic SEI and enhancing the electrochemical performance of the lithium metal anode.The improved Li||Li cell shows excellent cycling stability for over 500 h at 1 mA cm^(2)with a 27 mV overpotential.This work provides insights into the impact of electrolyte additives on the electrode-electrolyte interface and Li-ion solvation,crucial for safer lithium metal battery development.展开更多
Protic ionic liquid (PIL) triethylammonium acetate was prepared by mixing equimolar amounts of acetic acid and triethylamine, and then studied using the combination of the Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform...Protic ionic liquid (PIL) triethylammonium acetate was prepared by mixing equimolar amounts of acetic acid and triethylamine, and then studied using the combination of the Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, in-situ infrared spectroscopy, pH, and conductivity titration measurements. It was found that the equimolar synthesized triethylammonium acetate was separated into two layers, which suggesting that there were both chemical and phase equilibrium in this solution. Molecular species could be directly observed in the IR spectra over the range of 1200-1800 cm-1 and also checked by 1H NMR. Based on analysis, the upper layer was rich in amine with little acid and PIL, and the down layer was rich in PIL with residual acetic acid and amine. And single PIL-rich layer could be separated into two layers again when the mole ratio of newly added triethyamine to the theoretical produced triethylammonium acetate reached 0.12.展开更多
The modification of high-performance liquid chromatography parameters leads to a more effective oligonucleotide-A purification process. Using various experimental parameters such as buffer, concentration, and pH, a me...The modification of high-performance liquid chromatography parameters leads to a more effective oligonucleotide-A purification process. Using various experimental parameters such as buffer, concentration, and pH, a method for optimizing the purification of an oligonucleotide-A on a reverse-phase C18 column was created. To purify oligonucleotide-A, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), and lyophilization were used. Chromatographic data were collected with a semi-prep HPLC system, quantified with the UV-Vis technique, and validated with the LC-MS method. The most optimized parameters found to obtain the purity of 93.0% are 40 mM triethylammonium bicarbonate (TEAB) buffer with pH 7, which is approximately 6.0% higher than the reported method of which the purity is 87.0%. However, the yield under these conditions was reduced by about 5%. The worst possible optimized settings that resulted in the lowest purity (84.0%) and yield (69.0%) are 10 mM ammonium acetate (NH<sub>4</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>) with pH 7.展开更多
This report describes triethylammonium acetate （TEAA） ionic liquid catalyzed one pot synthesis of 6-amino-4-aryl-5-cyano-3- methyl-1-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyrano [2,3-c]pyrazoles by the reaction of aromatic aldehyde, ma...This report describes triethylammonium acetate （TEAA） ionic liquid catalyzed one pot synthesis of 6-amino-4-aryl-5-cyano-3- methyl-1-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyrano [2,3-c]pyrazoles by the reaction of aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2- pyrazolin-5-one at room temperature. TEAA plays dual role as reaction media and catalyst. It can also be easily recovered and reused in several runs. TEAA provides greener reaction protocol to present methodology which obviates the need of organic solvents, expensive and toxic catalyst.展开更多
A novel organic-inorganic chromium(III) hybrid salt, triethylammonium<em> trans</em>-diaquabis(oxalato-<em>κ</em><sup>2</sup>O<sup>1</sup>,O<sup>2</sup>)chr...A novel organic-inorganic chromium(III) hybrid salt, triethylammonium<em> trans</em>-diaquabis(oxalato-<em>κ</em><sup>2</sup>O<sup>1</sup>,O<sup>2</sup>)chromate(III), (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N)[Cr(C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>] (1), has been synthesized in aqueous solution and characterized by elemental and thermal analyses, FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopies, and by single crystal X-ray structure determination. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, <em>Pbcn</em> space group with the unit cell parameters <em>a</em> = 11.1776(10), <em>b </em>= 7.6105(10), <em>c</em> = 17.5654(2) <span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">Å</span>, <em>α</em> = <em>β</em> = <em>γ</em> = 90<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>, <em>V</em> = 1494.24(3) <span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">Å</span>3, <em>Z</em> = 4 and <em>Z’</em> = 1/2. The structure of 1 consists of [Cr(C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>]<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>−</sup></span> mononuclear anions and triethylammonium [(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>NH]<sup>+</sup> cations. In the anionic unit, the CrIII ion is six coordinated, in a distorted octahedral geometry, by four equatorial O atoms of two oxalate anions acting as chelating ligands and two O atoms from <em>trans</em>-coordinated water molecules occupying the apical positions with longer metal-oxygen distances. In the solid, O-H … O and N-H … O intra and inter molecular hydrogen bonding interactions connect the components into a 3D network. The triethylammonium cations are disordered among two possible orientations with occupancies rates around 50% for C4, N1, C1a, C1b, C4<sup>ii</sup>, N1<sup>ii</sup>, C1a<sup>ii</sup>, C1b<sup>ii</sup> (ii = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span><em>x</em> + 1, <em>y</em>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span> <em>z</em> + 1/2). The IR spectrum of 1 is consistent with the presence of the various molecular building constituents. The UV-Vis spectrum shows two absorption bands around 564 and 416 nm which are compatible with an anionic chromium (III) complex in an octahedral environment. Thermal studies carried out in air between 25<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C and 700°C confirm the anhydrous character of 1 and show that it is stable up to 210<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C.展开更多
基金financially supported by Niedersachsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur,via the Research Training Group"CircularLIB"and the program"Nanomaterials and Quantum Technology for Digital Transformation"(hsn-digital)the support from China Scholarship Council+1 种基金the research support from Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology(No.E2906216)Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
文摘Localized high-concentration electrolytes offer a potential solution for achieving uniform lithium deposition and a stable solid-electrolyte interface in Lithium metal batteries.However,the use of highly concentrated salts or structure-loaded diluents can result in significantly higher production costs and increased environmental burdens.Herein,a novel localized high-concentration electrolyte is developed,comprising ultra-low content(2%by mass)triethylammonium chloride as an electrolyte additive.The stable Lewis acid structure of the triethylammonium chloride molecule allows for the adsorption of numerous solvent molecules and TFSI^(-)anions,intensifying the electrostatic interactions between lithium ions and anions.The chloride ions introduced by TC,along with TFSI^(–)anions,integrate into the solvent sheath,forming a LiCl-rich inorganic SEI and enhancing the electrochemical performance of the lithium metal anode.The improved Li||Li cell shows excellent cycling stability for over 500 h at 1 mA cm^(2)with a 27 mV overpotential.This work provides insights into the impact of electrolyte additives on the electrode-electrolyte interface and Li-ion solvation,crucial for safer lithium metal battery development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20990221, 20976151)
文摘Protic ionic liquid (PIL) triethylammonium acetate was prepared by mixing equimolar amounts of acetic acid and triethylamine, and then studied using the combination of the Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, in-situ infrared spectroscopy, pH, and conductivity titration measurements. It was found that the equimolar synthesized triethylammonium acetate was separated into two layers, which suggesting that there were both chemical and phase equilibrium in this solution. Molecular species could be directly observed in the IR spectra over the range of 1200-1800 cm-1 and also checked by 1H NMR. Based on analysis, the upper layer was rich in amine with little acid and PIL, and the down layer was rich in PIL with residual acetic acid and amine. And single PIL-rich layer could be separated into two layers again when the mole ratio of newly added triethyamine to the theoretical produced triethylammonium acetate reached 0.12.
文摘The modification of high-performance liquid chromatography parameters leads to a more effective oligonucleotide-A purification process. Using various experimental parameters such as buffer, concentration, and pH, a method for optimizing the purification of an oligonucleotide-A on a reverse-phase C18 column was created. To purify oligonucleotide-A, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), and lyophilization were used. Chromatographic data were collected with a semi-prep HPLC system, quantified with the UV-Vis technique, and validated with the LC-MS method. The most optimized parameters found to obtain the purity of 93.0% are 40 mM triethylammonium bicarbonate (TEAB) buffer with pH 7, which is approximately 6.0% higher than the reported method of which the purity is 87.0%. However, the yield under these conditions was reduced by about 5%. The worst possible optimized settings that resulted in the lowest purity (84.0%) and yield (69.0%) are 10 mM ammonium acetate (NH<sub>4</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>) with pH 7.
文摘This report describes triethylammonium acetate （TEAA） ionic liquid catalyzed one pot synthesis of 6-amino-4-aryl-5-cyano-3- methyl-1-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyrano [2,3-c]pyrazoles by the reaction of aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2- pyrazolin-5-one at room temperature. TEAA plays dual role as reaction media and catalyst. It can also be easily recovered and reused in several runs. TEAA provides greener reaction protocol to present methodology which obviates the need of organic solvents, expensive and toxic catalyst.
文摘A novel organic-inorganic chromium(III) hybrid salt, triethylammonium<em> trans</em>-diaquabis(oxalato-<em>κ</em><sup>2</sup>O<sup>1</sup>,O<sup>2</sup>)chromate(III), (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N)[Cr(C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>] (1), has been synthesized in aqueous solution and characterized by elemental and thermal analyses, FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopies, and by single crystal X-ray structure determination. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, <em>Pbcn</em> space group with the unit cell parameters <em>a</em> = 11.1776(10), <em>b </em>= 7.6105(10), <em>c</em> = 17.5654(2) <span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">Å</span>, <em>α</em> = <em>β</em> = <em>γ</em> = 90<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>, <em>V</em> = 1494.24(3) <span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">Å</span>3, <em>Z</em> = 4 and <em>Z’</em> = 1/2. The structure of 1 consists of [Cr(C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>]<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>−</sup></span> mononuclear anions and triethylammonium [(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>NH]<sup>+</sup> cations. In the anionic unit, the CrIII ion is six coordinated, in a distorted octahedral geometry, by four equatorial O atoms of two oxalate anions acting as chelating ligands and two O atoms from <em>trans</em>-coordinated water molecules occupying the apical positions with longer metal-oxygen distances. In the solid, O-H … O and N-H … O intra and inter molecular hydrogen bonding interactions connect the components into a 3D network. The triethylammonium cations are disordered among two possible orientations with occupancies rates around 50% for C4, N1, C1a, C1b, C4<sup>ii</sup>, N1<sup>ii</sup>, C1a<sup>ii</sup>, C1b<sup>ii</sup> (ii = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span><em>x</em> + 1, <em>y</em>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span> <em>z</em> + 1/2). The IR spectrum of 1 is consistent with the presence of the various molecular building constituents. The UV-Vis spectrum shows two absorption bands around 564 and 416 nm which are compatible with an anionic chromium (III) complex in an octahedral environment. Thermal studies carried out in air between 25<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C and 700°C confirm the anhydrous character of 1 and show that it is stable up to 210<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C.
