In Chinese criminal procedure, the issues of illegally obtained evidence and witnesses not appearing in courtroom are under fire, which is partly rooted in the fact that the Chinese courts do not limit the admissibili...In Chinese criminal procedure, the issues of illegally obtained evidence and witnesses not appearing in courtroom are under fire, which is partly rooted in the fact that the Chinese courts do not limit the admissibility ofpre-trial testimonial transcripts in judicial practice, zealously pursue the ＂truth of fact＂ while disregard defendant＇s right to confront. Focusing on the admissibility ofpre-trial testimonial transcripts, the article will first analyze the current legislations and judicial practice in China, then from a comparative perspective introduce the corresponding written testimony rules of the International Criminal Tribunal （Court） which distinguishes the admissibility of different categories of written testimony, with an aim of both protecting the criminal defendant＇s right of confrontation and pursuing truth in fact-finding. The practice in International Criminal Tribunal （Court） provides a good starting point for China to rethink its own practice and learn from.展开更多
Since the beginning of the 1990s, Italian foreign policy actors have showed a steady and bipartisan commitment to international criminal justice institutions, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugosla...Since the beginning of the 1990s, Italian foreign policy actors have showed a steady and bipartisan commitment to international criminal justice institutions, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia （ICTY） and the International Criminal Court （ICC） in particular. This paper aims at investigating the determinants of Italian foreign policy decisions to support and actively sponsor such institutions, as well as at providing a valuable account of the trajectory of the Italian foreign policy decisions with regards the issue under analysis. Starting with an historical account of the Italian contribution to the establishment of the ICTY and the ICC, the analysis will then focus on the internal and external determinants that may have contributed to the formulation of the Italian foreign policy. In this connection, the role played by political elites and their ideas about the Italian aspirated role as a responsible and ethical foreign policy actor will emerge as particularly relevant. Moreover, as observed in other cases connected to the Italian foreign policy in the broader area of human rights, Italy＇s commitment to international values raises the issue of the Country＇s incoherence as for the national implementation of those same values.展开更多
The increase in aging populations is one of the most important issues facing the world today.This article considers how the legal systems in three jurisdictions-China,Singapore,and the United States-with different leg...The increase in aging populations is one of the most important issues facing the world today.This article considers how the legal systems in three jurisdictions-China,Singapore,and the United States-with different legal,political,and ethical regimes,impose and then enforce obligations on adult children to care for their parents.For Singapore,this article considers the content and operation of the Maintenance of Parents Act 1996 and the use of mediation and tribunals for the enforcement of its provisions.For the United States,where more than half the states have some forms of filial support legislation,this article mainly focuses on the experience in Pennsylvania and North and South Dakota and considers cases interpreting the legislation from these states;it also considers the interplay between the legislation and federal social security and healthcare programs.For China,this article mainly considers the obligations imposed by the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly(amended in 2009,2012,2015 and 2018)with examples of recent cases decided in 2017 and the encouragement given to children to support their parents through two agreements(the Separation of Family Assets and the Family Support Agreement)and increased inheritance rights under the Law of Succession 1985.China is unusual in imposing a legal obligation on children to visit their elderly parents,and the article considers recent cases on this.Through a comparative approach,this article also assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the approaches in each jurisdiction.展开更多
文摘In Chinese criminal procedure, the issues of illegally obtained evidence and witnesses not appearing in courtroom are under fire, which is partly rooted in the fact that the Chinese courts do not limit the admissibility ofpre-trial testimonial transcripts in judicial practice, zealously pursue the ＂truth of fact＂ while disregard defendant＇s right to confront. Focusing on the admissibility ofpre-trial testimonial transcripts, the article will first analyze the current legislations and judicial practice in China, then from a comparative perspective introduce the corresponding written testimony rules of the International Criminal Tribunal （Court） which distinguishes the admissibility of different categories of written testimony, with an aim of both protecting the criminal defendant＇s right of confrontation and pursuing truth in fact-finding. The practice in International Criminal Tribunal （Court） provides a good starting point for China to rethink its own practice and learn from.
文摘Since the beginning of the 1990s, Italian foreign policy actors have showed a steady and bipartisan commitment to international criminal justice institutions, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia （ICTY） and the International Criminal Court （ICC） in particular. This paper aims at investigating the determinants of Italian foreign policy decisions to support and actively sponsor such institutions, as well as at providing a valuable account of the trajectory of the Italian foreign policy decisions with regards the issue under analysis. Starting with an historical account of the Italian contribution to the establishment of the ICTY and the ICC, the analysis will then focus on the internal and external determinants that may have contributed to the formulation of the Italian foreign policy. In this connection, the role played by political elites and their ideas about the Italian aspirated role as a responsible and ethical foreign policy actor will emerge as particularly relevant. Moreover, as observed in other cases connected to the Italian foreign policy in the broader area of human rights, Italy＇s commitment to international values raises the issue of the Country＇s incoherence as for the national implementation of those same values.
文摘The increase in aging populations is one of the most important issues facing the world today.This article considers how the legal systems in three jurisdictions-China,Singapore,and the United States-with different legal,political,and ethical regimes,impose and then enforce obligations on adult children to care for their parents.For Singapore,this article considers the content and operation of the Maintenance of Parents Act 1996 and the use of mediation and tribunals for the enforcement of its provisions.For the United States,where more than half the states have some forms of filial support legislation,this article mainly focuses on the experience in Pennsylvania and North and South Dakota and considers cases interpreting the legislation from these states;it also considers the interplay between the legislation and federal social security and healthcare programs.For China,this article mainly considers the obligations imposed by the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly(amended in 2009,2012,2015 and 2018)with examples of recent cases decided in 2017 and the encouragement given to children to support their parents through two agreements(the Separation of Family Assets and the Family Support Agreement)and increased inheritance rights under the Law of Succession 1985.China is unusual in imposing a legal obligation on children to visit their elderly parents,and the article considers recent cases on this.Through a comparative approach,this article also assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the approaches in each jurisdiction.
