Dairy wastewater,a kind of high concentration organic wastewater,is produced in large quantities and difficult to treat,and has a negative impact on the ecological environment.In this study,the source,composition,wate...Dairy wastewater,a kind of high concentration organic wastewater,is produced in large quantities and difficult to treat,and has a negative impact on the ecological environment.In this study,the source,composition,water quality characteristics of dairy wastewater and its impact on the ecological environment were analyzed,and the treatment methods of dairy wastewater at home and abroad in recent years were summarized,in order to provide a reference for the treatment of dairy wastewater.展开更多
Diabetic foot(DF)has emerged as one of the most common chronic consequences of diabetes mellitus,characterized by prolonged disease duration,high treatment costs,a poor prognosis,and a high disability rate.Diabetic hi...Diabetic foot(DF)has emerged as one of the most common chronic consequences of diabetes mellitus,characterized by prolonged disease duration,high treatment costs,a poor prognosis,and a high disability rate.Diabetic high-risk foot is the early stage of diabetic foot,the“disease prevention”of“treating no disease”,which provides a critical window for clinical prevention and treatment.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has emphasized the importance of preventive health care since ancient times.External therapies such as acupuncture,massage,acupoint injection,foot bath fumigation,and moxibustion have the advantages of simplicity,low cost,precise efficacy,and fewer side effects in preventing and treating diabetic high-risk foot.The multidisciplinary synergistic model formed by TCM complementary therapies and modern medical treatments,such as nutritional,peripheral nerve,and blood glucose regulation,provides new ideas for establishing standardized prevention and treatment protocols.In this paper,studies related to TCM-related complementary therapies for diabetic high-risk feet are systematically reviewed.Current advances in external application in TCM were described to better understand its effectiveness and safety in elderly patients.展开更多
Based on the characteristics of the domestic sewage in rural district,four sewage treatment methods were analyzed.The results found that the optimum method was to process the domestic sewage on the spot,and it should ...Based on the characteristics of the domestic sewage in rural district,four sewage treatment methods were analyzed.The results found that the optimum method was to process the domestic sewage on the spot,and it should be popularized and applied in rural area.展开更多
For the purpose of providing references for further research and practical application about the quality improvement of RCA,in this paper,various treatment methods were firstly classified into four categories:removing...For the purpose of providing references for further research and practical application about the quality improvement of RCA,in this paper,various treatment methods were firstly classified into four categories:removing old mortar (OM),strengthening OM,multi-stage mixing methods,and combination methods.Thereafter,the improvement mechanisms and important conclusions of various treatment methods were elucidated and summarised respectively.In the section of discussion,the improved effects as well as advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods were compared and discussed respectively,and recommendations for the selection of treatment methods were proposed.Finally,the further research directions were pointed out,and an integrative programme on the quality improvement of RCA was recommended.展开更多
BACKGROUND Peritoneal metastasis(PM),arising from gastric cancer(GC),is the most common pattern of synchronous and metachronous dissemination and is generally associated with poor prognosis.New therapeutic modalities ...BACKGROUND Peritoneal metastasis(PM),arising from gastric cancer(GC),is the most common pattern of synchronous and metachronous dissemination and is generally associated with poor prognosis.New therapeutic modalities are being increasingly employed for such patients.AIM To develop more advanced methods,it becomes necessary to study the results of existing standard treatment methods in patients with PM in order to perform a comparative analysis of the strategies.METHODS A retrospective analysis of the efficiency of standard treatment methods(i.e.,palliative chemotherapy,palliative gastrectomy,and the best supportive care)was performed on 200 GC patients with synchronous PM.RESULTS The overall survival(OS)rate in 200 GC patients with PM under standard treatment was 5.4 mo.One-year survival occurred in 18.4%of patients.In multivariate analysis,the survival rate was significantly influenced by the following factors:Presence of extraperitoneal metastases,and stage of PM according to both the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association(JGCA)and the peritoneal cancer index(PCI).The median OS and 1-year survival of patients withР1,P2,and P3(JGCA)carcinomatosis were 9.8 mo,6.7 mo,and 4.0 mo,and 47.2%,18.8%,and 5.1%,respectively.The application of the palliative gastrectomy resulted in an increase in the median OS by up to 17 mo compared to the conservative approach where the value was 8.5 mo(P=0.05)in patients withР1РМ.In patients withР3,palliative chemotherapy increased the OS by up to 5.6 mo compared to the OS of 3.2 mo(P=0.0006)for best supportive care.The median OS and 1-year survival of patients withРCI of 1-6,7-12 and 13+points were 8.5 mo,4.2 mo,and 4.1 mo,and 39.8%,6.7%,and 5.5%,respectively.Palliative gastrectomy increased the median OS to 12.6 mo compared to conservative approach of 8.0 mo(P=0.03)in patients withРCI of 1-6 points.In patients withРCI 13+points,only palliative chemotherapy increased the OS to 6.0 mo compared to the OS of 3.4 mo for best supportive care(P=0.0008).CONCLUSION GC patients with PM are characterized by extremely poor prognoses.Long-term survivors were found in the group with PCI of 1-6 points,and there was no survival difference in groups with PCI 7-12 vs PCI 13+points.Palliative gastrectomy could prove effective in treating patients with early stage PM.The three standard treatment methods are equally effective for moderate stages of PM.In cases with advanced peritoneal carcinomatosis,a significant increase in prognosis was registered only after treatment with palliative chemotherapy.展开更多
Based on the current situation of studying the thermodynamic property of Fe-C-Cr melt using the carbon saturated solubility, an experimental data treatment method of the carbon saturated solubility was put forward. Wi...Based on the current situation of studying the thermodynamic property of Fe-C-Cr melt using the carbon saturated solubility, an experimental data treatment method of the carbon saturated solubility was put forward. With this method a linear relationship ex- pression of the carbon saturated solubility in Fe-C-Cr melt was obtained, which intercept is dependent on temperature and independent of third component [Cr], but which slope is dependent on third component [Cr] and independent of temperature. Through this expression activity interaction coefficients at different temperatures were calculated and the relationship between activity interaction coefficients and temperature is also obtained.展开更多
Waste recovery is an environmental, agronomic and economic asset. The farm “Société de Provenderies du Cameroun” (SPC) processes its wastes by incineration and landfill. During this study, environmental im...Waste recovery is an environmental, agronomic and economic asset. The farm “Société de Provenderies du Cameroun” (SPC) processes its wastes by incineration and landfill. During this study, environmental impacts of these two treatment methods were assessed in this farm and a composting experiment was also conducted. For the experiment, chicken carcasses and droppings mixed with wood shavings, straw, incineration ash, egg shells and cattle dung were distributed differently in four experimental composters C1, C2, C3 and C4 with the same starting weight. C1 consisted of the first three waste types, for C2, C3 and C4 a new waste was added in the order they are listed above. The results show that the major impacts associated with the incineration and landfilling of SPC waste are the degradation of the health of workers and surrounding populations, the occurrence of conflicts, and the pollution of the air, soil and groundwater of the site. As far as composting is concerned, the characteristics of three of the four composts obtained are usable as soil fertilisers. Indeed, at the end of the experiment, the pH of the four composters was basic (8), the temperature values were between 24°C and 34°C and the humidity values were between 37% and 41%. However, the last parameter, the C/N ratio, was not satisfactory for C1 (13.42), which eliminated it from mature and ready-to-use composts according to FAO standards. The C/N ratios of C2 (15.71), C3 (16.30), and C4 (18) composters were found to be good for mature and ready-to-use compost.展开更多
Introduction: Treatment of solid medical waste (SMW) is a complex task requiring the proper practices with specific treatment methods corresponding to each type of SMW during pretreatment and final treatment. This stu...Introduction: Treatment of solid medical waste (SMW) is a complex task requiring the proper practices with specific treatment methods corresponding to each type of SMW during pretreatment and final treatment. This study targeted three treatment methods identified as the main used by the majority of health care facilities (HCFs) and treating a large amount of SMW. It aimed: 1) to evaluate the current practices by calculating the emergy investment and emergy costs that are required to treat one ton of SMW through the three treatment methods and 2) to evaluate and compare better technologies and provide policy suggestions for the final treatment of SMW in Burundi. Materials and Methods: This study used the emergy methodology to evaluate the relative efficiencies of three treatment methods used for to treat SMW in twelve HCFs in Bujumbura. Results and Conclusion: The total emergy input was 1.36E+20 seJ/yr, 3.54E+17 seJ/yr, and 1.681E+18 seJ/yr for low temperature incinerator, landfill and organic pit, respectively. Conclusion: Rapid improvement of organic pit by ensuring its maintenance, the gradual replacement of low temperature incinerator by high temperature incinerator with air control pollution and landfill by sanitary landfill are highly recommended by respecting its maintenance (fence, roof and monitoring evaluation) for reducing the risk.展开更多
At present, some achievements have been made in the research of subgrade settlement in China, and the main research achievements are the optimization schemes for the problems such as bumping at bridge head during the ...At present, some achievements have been made in the research of subgrade settlement in China, and the main research achievements are the optimization schemes for the problems such as bumping at bridge head during the use of roads and bridges. For the construction of subgrade in transition section, the construction process and materials used can have a certain impact on the quality and safety performance of road and bridge. The harm brought by uneven subgrade is mainly that it is easy to form icing and water accumulation in rainy and snowy weather, which leads to out-of-control of vehicles and affects the driving safety of vehicles. Therefore, in order to improve and optimize the above problems, in the construction process, it is necessary to eliminate the factors that lead to uneven settlement of subgrade in a variety of ways to improve the safety and economic value of roads and bridges.展开更多
With the continuous development of economy and society and the speeding up development of industrial industry, people's living standards are gradually improving, which leads to the increasing discharge of domestic...With the continuous development of economy and society and the speeding up development of industrial industry, people's living standards are gradually improving, which leads to the increasing discharge of domestic waste and industrial waste, so the working pressure of sewage treatment plants invisibly increases. Sewage treatment plant is the concentration of waste treatment and it will produce a large number of wastes generated by the accumulation of odor, that is, waste gas, with the characteristics of strong diffusion. Therefore, if the wastewater treatment plant can not properly treat these waste gases in time, it is easy to cause large-scale air pollution. If people live in this odor environment for a long time, it will seriously harm their health. Starting from waste gas treatment methods, do multi-level deodorization and purification of waste gas, which is the key measure to effectively help improve people's quality of life.展开更多
Objective: to explore the value of different treatment methods in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. Methods: through double-blind randomization, 78 cases of pelvic inflammatory disease were divided into two g...Objective: to explore the value of different treatment methods in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. Methods: through double-blind randomization, 78 cases of pelvic inflammatory disease were divided into two groups (group A = 39 cases) and (Group B = 39 cases) from January 2020 to March 2021. Group B was treated with conventional drugs, and group A was treated with drugs + microwave combination. After the relevant treatment, the clinical efficacy of the two groups of cases was compared. Compared with the levels of IL-2 and TNF-A, the microwave binding method in group A was more advantageous than that in group B. In addition, in terms of the levels of inflammatory factors, group A tended to be more stable than group B, with significant differences in p-value data. Conclusion: targeted treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease, through drugs and microwave method to carry out comprehensive treatment, can promote the organic optimization of inflammatory level, and constantly improve the clinical efficacy, should be vigorously promoted in clinical.展开更多
In CZTSSe solar cells,a simple sodium-incorporation post-treatment method toward solution-processed Cu2Zn Sn S4precursor films is presented in this work.An ultrathin NaCl film is deposited on Cu2Zn Sn S4precursor film...In CZTSSe solar cells,a simple sodium-incorporation post-treatment method toward solution-processed Cu2Zn Sn S4precursor films is presented in this work.An ultrathin NaCl film is deposited on Cu2Zn Sn S4precursor films by spin-coating NaCl solution.In subsequent selenization process,the introduction of Na Cl is found to be benefacial for the formation of Cu2-xSe,which can further facilitate the element transportation,leading to dense and smooth CZTSSe films with large grains and less impurity Cu2Sn(S,Se)3phase.SIMS depth profiles confirm the gradient distribution of the sodium element in Na-doped absorbers.Photoluminescence spectra show that the introduction of appropriate sodium into the absorber can inhibit the band tail states.As high as 11.18% of power conversion efficiency(PCE)is achieved for the device treated with 5 mg mL^-1 NaCl solution,and an average efficiency of Na-doped devices is 10.71%,13%higher than that of the control groups(9.45%).Besides,the depletion width and the charge recombination lifetime can also have regular variation with sodium treatment.This work offers an easy modification method for high-quality Na-doped CZTSSe films and high-performance devices,in the meantime,it can also help to further understand the effects of sodium in CZTSSe solar cells.展开更多
<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> is an anaerobic parasitic protozoan and well known as a human pathogen, while its close relative, <i>Entamoeba dispar</i>, also possesses similar characteristics as...<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> is an anaerobic parasitic protozoan and well known as a human pathogen, while its close relative, <i>Entamoeba dispar</i>, also possesses similar characteristics as an infectious agent. These microorganisms are generally transmitted in fecal-contaminated water. However, <i>E. dispar</i> present in industrial wastewater is also capable of creating biofilms that can cause adverse impacts in piping networks. Therefore, it is important to detect both of these protozoan species in water and to find a cost-effective technique for inactivation or management control. This review article summarizes the available detection methods in water and wastewater matrices along with feasible disinfection techniques.展开更多
Bcakground: Pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC) is a common complication arising from acute or chronic pancreatitis, trauma, or pancreatic duct obstruction. When acute fluid collection persists for 4 - 6 weeks and is encapsul...Bcakground: Pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC) is a common complication arising from acute or chronic pancreatitis, trauma, or pancreatic duct obstruction. When acute fluid collection persists for 4 - 6 weeks and is encapsulated by a fibrous wall, it is classified as a pancreatic pseudocyst. While PPC is generally asymptomatic in many patients, it can manifest with persistent abdominal pain, dyspepsia, intra-cystic infection, and potentially lead to gastrointestinal obstruction in some cases. Although smaller PPCs may resolve spontaneously, larger PPCs tend to be refractory to absorption and often necessitate surgical intervention to prevent complications such as intracystic hemorrhage. Objective: To explore the efficacy of percutaneous catheterization with negative pressure in the treatment of large pancreatic pseudocysts. Methods: The cases of large pancreatic pseudocysts treated in our hospital from 2004 to 2022 were retrospectively collected, and the general condition, operation time, drainage time, feeding time, postoperative complications, hospital stay, cost and follow-up of the patients were analyzed. Results: A total of 132 patients with large pancreatic pseudocysts were collected. The average operation time was 32.4 ± 2.1 min;The retention time of the drainage tube was 30 ± 1.8 days in the percutaneous negative pressure drainage group;The postoperative feeding time was no fasting after local anesthesia drainage;Postoperative complications (bleeding, infection, pancreatic leakage, recurrence, anastomotic leakage, etc.): Two of the 132 patients had recurrent cysts, which were cured by re-puncture and negative pressure drainage. The length of hospital stay was 6 ± 1.1 days;The cost was 11,200 ± 1300 yuan;Follow-up: The follow-up time ranged from 1 to 3 years, and the patients had no discomfort. Conclusion: Percutaneous catheterization and negative pressure drainage can effectively treat large pancreatic pseudocysts. Compared with other treatment methods, it is simple and effective, the postoperative recovery of patients is faster, the physical damage is less, the hospital stay is shorter, and the cost is lower.展开更多
In the past 6 years, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the treatment of heart failure(HF), especially in drug therapy. The classification of chronic HF and the treatment methods for HF and its complicati...In the past 6 years, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the treatment of heart failure(HF), especially in drug therapy. The classification of chronic HF and the treatment methods for HF and its complications are also constantly being updated. In order to apply these results to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with HF in China and further improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of HF in China, the HF Group of Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Chinese College of Cardiovascular Physician, Chinese HF Association of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology have organized an expert group and update the consensus and evidence-based treatment methods in the field of HF based on the latest clinical research findings at home and abroad, combined with the national conditions and clinical practice in China, and referring to the latest foreign HF guidelines while maintaining the basic framework of the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of HF.展开更多
“Ruyong(breast abscess)”has a high incidence rate.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnosis and treatment of this condition demonstrate significant advantages,including diverse therapeuticmethods,outstanding effica...“Ruyong(breast abscess)”has a high incidence rate.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnosis and treatment of this condition demonstrate significant advantages,including diverse therapeuticmethods,outstanding efficacy,and high safety.Based on TCM theory and combining relevant ancient texts and modern research,this paper systematically summarizes the different understandings of“Ruyong(breast abscess)”by physicians throughout history in terms of disease names,etiology,pathogenesis,and treatment.The ancient names for Ruyong(breast abscess)were varied,also referred to as“Duru(stagnation in breast)”or“Naichuang(breast sore)”.Its symptoms are diverse,with the main clinical manifestations being localized redness,swelling,heat,pain,and poor milk discharge in the affected breast.The etiology is primarily attributed to“milk stasis”“liver qi stagnation and stomach heat”and“exposure to external pathogens”.Additionally,this paper summarizes the treatment experiences from ancient and modern medical texts and highlights the complementary effects of internal and external therapies.This study provides a reference for modern clinical understanding and treatment of“Ruyong(breast abscess)”in the hope of further improvement of clinical efficacy.展开更多
Objectives:Call on people to treat the causes of physical diseases is to take into account the causes of psychological factors as well as external causes.Materials and Methods:The analysis was conducted by combining t...Objectives:Call on people to treat the causes of physical diseases is to take into account the causes of psychological factors as well as external causes.Materials and Methods:The analysis was conducted by combining the classical medical books of Tibetan medicine,as well as the traditional culture and living habits of Tibetan people,with modern research results.Results:Many of the theories mentioned in Tibetan medicine related to mind-body medicine have been confirmed by modern research.Mental and physical treatment related to psychosomatic diseases should be administered simultaneously.First,when a person is healthy,he should cultivate his mind to build a solid psychological defense against diseases.Developing both the mind and body contributes to creating a stable physical protection barrier against diseases.When a person is ill,he should realign his mind and help his body adjust and promote its early recovery with the help of medications.Conclusions:Treating related psychosomatic diseases should treat the mind and body simultaneously.And the mind and body should be cultivated before diseases to reinforce the psychological and physical defense against diseases.展开更多
Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental vision disorder resulting from abnormal visual input during the critical period of visual development,such as strabismus,uncorrected anisometropia,high refractive errors,and form depr...Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental vision disorder resulting from abnormal visual input during the critical period of visual development,such as strabismus,uncorrected anisometropia,high refractive errors,and form deprivation.It is frequently associated with reduced visual acuity and deficits in binocular vision.Traditional occlusion therapy for amblyopia has typically been restricted to infants and young children during the critical period of visual development,as it is believed to be ineffective for older children and adults due to the decreased plasticity of the mature brain.Our research group has concentrated on pivotal scientific issues in amblyopia,including quantitative methods for detecting binocular vision,especially interocular visual suppression,the mechanisms underlying binocular vision impairment in amblyopia,treatment methods and their evaluations for amblyopia,and visual plasticity and its neural mechanisms in amblyopia.This paper summarizes the visual mechanisms and treatment modalities of amblyopia based on our research and both domestic and foreign sources,while also looking forward to the future development of this field in light of existing problems.展开更多
Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Cur‐rently,Western medicine has poor therapeut...Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Cur‐rently,Western medicine has poor therapeutic effects,while traditional Chinese medi‐cine has unique advantages in relieving IBS-D symptoms and preventing recurrence.In recent years,especially with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,it has become a new treatment direction in clinical practice and has achieved good therapeutic effects.This article will provide a review of recent research on the treatment of IBS-D using traditional Chinese medicine external treatment methods.展开更多
A new treatment for interface of metal and dielectric in finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method was presented, further how and why this treatment should be as it is was explained. The FDTD method was developed to...A new treatment for interface of metal and dielectric in finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method was presented, further how and why this treatment should be as it is was explained. The FDTD method was developed to compute the low-frequency electromagnetic fields in the metal instead of the traditional high-frequency ones as it was originally proposed. The computational results agreed well with the experimental ones.展开更多
文摘Dairy wastewater,a kind of high concentration organic wastewater,is produced in large quantities and difficult to treat,and has a negative impact on the ecological environment.In this study,the source,composition,water quality characteristics of dairy wastewater and its impact on the ecological environment were analyzed,and the treatment methods of dairy wastewater at home and abroad in recent years were summarized,in order to provide a reference for the treatment of dairy wastewater.
文摘Diabetic foot(DF)has emerged as one of the most common chronic consequences of diabetes mellitus,characterized by prolonged disease duration,high treatment costs,a poor prognosis,and a high disability rate.Diabetic high-risk foot is the early stage of diabetic foot,the“disease prevention”of“treating no disease”,which provides a critical window for clinical prevention and treatment.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has emphasized the importance of preventive health care since ancient times.External therapies such as acupuncture,massage,acupoint injection,foot bath fumigation,and moxibustion have the advantages of simplicity,low cost,precise efficacy,and fewer side effects in preventing and treating diabetic high-risk foot.The multidisciplinary synergistic model formed by TCM complementary therapies and modern medical treatments,such as nutritional,peripheral nerve,and blood glucose regulation,provides new ideas for establishing standardized prevention and treatment protocols.In this paper,studies related to TCM-related complementary therapies for diabetic high-risk feet are systematically reviewed.Current advances in external application in TCM were described to better understand its effectiveness and safety in elderly patients.
基金Supported by the National Eleventh Five-year Water Major Project(2008ZX07101-007-01)Soft Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province(BR2009003)~~
文摘Based on the characteristics of the domestic sewage in rural district,four sewage treatment methods were analyzed.The results found that the optimum method was to process the domestic sewage on the spot,and it should be popularized and applied in rural area.
基金Funded by Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1904188)National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.51608179)the Key Science and Technology Program of Henan Province,China(No.202102310253)。
文摘For the purpose of providing references for further research and practical application about the quality improvement of RCA,in this paper,various treatment methods were firstly classified into four categories:removing old mortar (OM),strengthening OM,multi-stage mixing methods,and combination methods.Thereafter,the improvement mechanisms and important conclusions of various treatment methods were elucidated and summarised respectively.In the section of discussion,the improved effects as well as advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods were compared and discussed respectively,and recommendations for the selection of treatment methods were proposed.Finally,the further research directions were pointed out,and an integrative programme on the quality improvement of RCA was recommended.
文摘BACKGROUND Peritoneal metastasis(PM),arising from gastric cancer(GC),is the most common pattern of synchronous and metachronous dissemination and is generally associated with poor prognosis.New therapeutic modalities are being increasingly employed for such patients.AIM To develop more advanced methods,it becomes necessary to study the results of existing standard treatment methods in patients with PM in order to perform a comparative analysis of the strategies.METHODS A retrospective analysis of the efficiency of standard treatment methods(i.e.,palliative chemotherapy,palliative gastrectomy,and the best supportive care)was performed on 200 GC patients with synchronous PM.RESULTS The overall survival(OS)rate in 200 GC patients with PM under standard treatment was 5.4 mo.One-year survival occurred in 18.4%of patients.In multivariate analysis,the survival rate was significantly influenced by the following factors:Presence of extraperitoneal metastases,and stage of PM according to both the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association(JGCA)and the peritoneal cancer index(PCI).The median OS and 1-year survival of patients withР1,P2,and P3(JGCA)carcinomatosis were 9.8 mo,6.7 mo,and 4.0 mo,and 47.2%,18.8%,and 5.1%,respectively.The application of the palliative gastrectomy resulted in an increase in the median OS by up to 17 mo compared to the conservative approach where the value was 8.5 mo(P=0.05)in patients withР1РМ.In patients withР3,palliative chemotherapy increased the OS by up to 5.6 mo compared to the OS of 3.2 mo(P=0.0006)for best supportive care.The median OS and 1-year survival of patients withРCI of 1-6,7-12 and 13+points were 8.5 mo,4.2 mo,and 4.1 mo,and 39.8%,6.7%,and 5.5%,respectively.Palliative gastrectomy increased the median OS to 12.6 mo compared to conservative approach of 8.0 mo(P=0.03)in patients withРCI of 1-6 points.In patients withРCI 13+points,only palliative chemotherapy increased the OS to 6.0 mo compared to the OS of 3.4 mo for best supportive care(P=0.0008).CONCLUSION GC patients with PM are characterized by extremely poor prognoses.Long-term survivors were found in the group with PCI of 1-6 points,and there was no survival difference in groups with PCI 7-12 vs PCI 13+points.Palliative gastrectomy could prove effective in treating patients with early stage PM.The three standard treatment methods are equally effective for moderate stages of PM.In cases with advanced peritoneal carcinomatosis,a significant increase in prognosis was registered only after treatment with palliative chemotherapy.
文摘Based on the current situation of studying the thermodynamic property of Fe-C-Cr melt using the carbon saturated solubility, an experimental data treatment method of the carbon saturated solubility was put forward. With this method a linear relationship ex- pression of the carbon saturated solubility in Fe-C-Cr melt was obtained, which intercept is dependent on temperature and independent of third component [Cr], but which slope is dependent on third component [Cr] and independent of temperature. Through this expression activity interaction coefficients at different temperatures were calculated and the relationship between activity interaction coefficients and temperature is also obtained.
文摘Waste recovery is an environmental, agronomic and economic asset. The farm “Société de Provenderies du Cameroun” (SPC) processes its wastes by incineration and landfill. During this study, environmental impacts of these two treatment methods were assessed in this farm and a composting experiment was also conducted. For the experiment, chicken carcasses and droppings mixed with wood shavings, straw, incineration ash, egg shells and cattle dung were distributed differently in four experimental composters C1, C2, C3 and C4 with the same starting weight. C1 consisted of the first three waste types, for C2, C3 and C4 a new waste was added in the order they are listed above. The results show that the major impacts associated with the incineration and landfilling of SPC waste are the degradation of the health of workers and surrounding populations, the occurrence of conflicts, and the pollution of the air, soil and groundwater of the site. As far as composting is concerned, the characteristics of three of the four composts obtained are usable as soil fertilisers. Indeed, at the end of the experiment, the pH of the four composters was basic (8), the temperature values were between 24°C and 34°C and the humidity values were between 37% and 41%. However, the last parameter, the C/N ratio, was not satisfactory for C1 (13.42), which eliminated it from mature and ready-to-use composts according to FAO standards. The C/N ratios of C2 (15.71), C3 (16.30), and C4 (18) composters were found to be good for mature and ready-to-use compost.
文摘Introduction: Treatment of solid medical waste (SMW) is a complex task requiring the proper practices with specific treatment methods corresponding to each type of SMW during pretreatment and final treatment. This study targeted three treatment methods identified as the main used by the majority of health care facilities (HCFs) and treating a large amount of SMW. It aimed: 1) to evaluate the current practices by calculating the emergy investment and emergy costs that are required to treat one ton of SMW through the three treatment methods and 2) to evaluate and compare better technologies and provide policy suggestions for the final treatment of SMW in Burundi. Materials and Methods: This study used the emergy methodology to evaluate the relative efficiencies of three treatment methods used for to treat SMW in twelve HCFs in Bujumbura. Results and Conclusion: The total emergy input was 1.36E+20 seJ/yr, 3.54E+17 seJ/yr, and 1.681E+18 seJ/yr for low temperature incinerator, landfill and organic pit, respectively. Conclusion: Rapid improvement of organic pit by ensuring its maintenance, the gradual replacement of low temperature incinerator by high temperature incinerator with air control pollution and landfill by sanitary landfill are highly recommended by respecting its maintenance (fence, roof and monitoring evaluation) for reducing the risk.
文摘At present, some achievements have been made in the research of subgrade settlement in China, and the main research achievements are the optimization schemes for the problems such as bumping at bridge head during the use of roads and bridges. For the construction of subgrade in transition section, the construction process and materials used can have a certain impact on the quality and safety performance of road and bridge. The harm brought by uneven subgrade is mainly that it is easy to form icing and water accumulation in rainy and snowy weather, which leads to out-of-control of vehicles and affects the driving safety of vehicles. Therefore, in order to improve and optimize the above problems, in the construction process, it is necessary to eliminate the factors that lead to uneven settlement of subgrade in a variety of ways to improve the safety and economic value of roads and bridges.
文摘With the continuous development of economy and society and the speeding up development of industrial industry, people's living standards are gradually improving, which leads to the increasing discharge of domestic waste and industrial waste, so the working pressure of sewage treatment plants invisibly increases. Sewage treatment plant is the concentration of waste treatment and it will produce a large number of wastes generated by the accumulation of odor, that is, waste gas, with the characteristics of strong diffusion. Therefore, if the wastewater treatment plant can not properly treat these waste gases in time, it is easy to cause large-scale air pollution. If people live in this odor environment for a long time, it will seriously harm their health. Starting from waste gas treatment methods, do multi-level deodorization and purification of waste gas, which is the key measure to effectively help improve people's quality of life.
文摘Objective: to explore the value of different treatment methods in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. Methods: through double-blind randomization, 78 cases of pelvic inflammatory disease were divided into two groups (group A = 39 cases) and (Group B = 39 cases) from January 2020 to March 2021. Group B was treated with conventional drugs, and group A was treated with drugs + microwave combination. After the relevant treatment, the clinical efficacy of the two groups of cases was compared. Compared with the levels of IL-2 and TNF-A, the microwave binding method in group A was more advantageous than that in group B. In addition, in terms of the levels of inflammatory factors, group A tended to be more stable than group B, with significant differences in p-value data. Conclusion: targeted treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease, through drugs and microwave method to carry out comprehensive treatment, can promote the organic optimization of inflammatory level, and constantly improve the clinical efficacy, should be vigorously promoted in clinical.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51421002, 51627803, 91733301, 51761145042, 21501183, 51402348, 53872321, and 11874402)the Knowledge Innovation Program and the Strategic Priority Research Program (Grant XDB 12010400) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘In CZTSSe solar cells,a simple sodium-incorporation post-treatment method toward solution-processed Cu2Zn Sn S4precursor films is presented in this work.An ultrathin NaCl film is deposited on Cu2Zn Sn S4precursor films by spin-coating NaCl solution.In subsequent selenization process,the introduction of Na Cl is found to be benefacial for the formation of Cu2-xSe,which can further facilitate the element transportation,leading to dense and smooth CZTSSe films with large grains and less impurity Cu2Sn(S,Se)3phase.SIMS depth profiles confirm the gradient distribution of the sodium element in Na-doped absorbers.Photoluminescence spectra show that the introduction of appropriate sodium into the absorber can inhibit the band tail states.As high as 11.18% of power conversion efficiency(PCE)is achieved for the device treated with 5 mg mL^-1 NaCl solution,and an average efficiency of Na-doped devices is 10.71%,13%higher than that of the control groups(9.45%).Besides,the depletion width and the charge recombination lifetime can also have regular variation with sodium treatment.This work offers an easy modification method for high-quality Na-doped CZTSSe films and high-performance devices,in the meantime,it can also help to further understand the effects of sodium in CZTSSe solar cells.
文摘<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> is an anaerobic parasitic protozoan and well known as a human pathogen, while its close relative, <i>Entamoeba dispar</i>, also possesses similar characteristics as an infectious agent. These microorganisms are generally transmitted in fecal-contaminated water. However, <i>E. dispar</i> present in industrial wastewater is also capable of creating biofilms that can cause adverse impacts in piping networks. Therefore, it is important to detect both of these protozoan species in water and to find a cost-effective technique for inactivation or management control. This review article summarizes the available detection methods in water and wastewater matrices along with feasible disinfection techniques.
文摘Bcakground: Pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC) is a common complication arising from acute or chronic pancreatitis, trauma, or pancreatic duct obstruction. When acute fluid collection persists for 4 - 6 weeks and is encapsulated by a fibrous wall, it is classified as a pancreatic pseudocyst. While PPC is generally asymptomatic in many patients, it can manifest with persistent abdominal pain, dyspepsia, intra-cystic infection, and potentially lead to gastrointestinal obstruction in some cases. Although smaller PPCs may resolve spontaneously, larger PPCs tend to be refractory to absorption and often necessitate surgical intervention to prevent complications such as intracystic hemorrhage. Objective: To explore the efficacy of percutaneous catheterization with negative pressure in the treatment of large pancreatic pseudocysts. Methods: The cases of large pancreatic pseudocysts treated in our hospital from 2004 to 2022 were retrospectively collected, and the general condition, operation time, drainage time, feeding time, postoperative complications, hospital stay, cost and follow-up of the patients were analyzed. Results: A total of 132 patients with large pancreatic pseudocysts were collected. The average operation time was 32.4 ± 2.1 min;The retention time of the drainage tube was 30 ± 1.8 days in the percutaneous negative pressure drainage group;The postoperative feeding time was no fasting after local anesthesia drainage;Postoperative complications (bleeding, infection, pancreatic leakage, recurrence, anastomotic leakage, etc.): Two of the 132 patients had recurrent cysts, which were cured by re-puncture and negative pressure drainage. The length of hospital stay was 6 ± 1.1 days;The cost was 11,200 ± 1300 yuan;Follow-up: The follow-up time ranged from 1 to 3 years, and the patients had no discomfort. Conclusion: Percutaneous catheterization and negative pressure drainage can effectively treat large pancreatic pseudocysts. Compared with other treatment methods, it is simple and effective, the postoperative recovery of patients is faster, the physical damage is less, the hospital stay is shorter, and the cost is lower.
基金National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-PUMCH-B-098)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2021-I2M-1-003)。
文摘In the past 6 years, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the treatment of heart failure(HF), especially in drug therapy. The classification of chronic HF and the treatment methods for HF and its complications are also constantly being updated. In order to apply these results to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with HF in China and further improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of HF in China, the HF Group of Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Chinese College of Cardiovascular Physician, Chinese HF Association of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology have organized an expert group and update the consensus and evidence-based treatment methods in the field of HF based on the latest clinical research findings at home and abroad, combined with the national conditions and clinical practice in China, and referring to the latest foreign HF guidelines while maintaining the basic framework of the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of HF.
基金supported by 2024 Henan Provincial Special Research Project on Traditional Chinese Medicine(2024ZY2158)Henan Provincial Key Discipline Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine{Yuwei Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Education[2024]No.1}+1 种基金Key Disciplines of History and Literature of Chinese Medicine in Henan University of Chinese Medicine for the Year 2025{Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine Office[2025]No.13}National Chinese Medicine Advantage Specialty Construction Project{Chinese Traditional Chinese Medicine Political Letter(2024)No.90}.
文摘“Ruyong(breast abscess)”has a high incidence rate.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnosis and treatment of this condition demonstrate significant advantages,including diverse therapeuticmethods,outstanding efficacy,and high safety.Based on TCM theory and combining relevant ancient texts and modern research,this paper systematically summarizes the different understandings of“Ruyong(breast abscess)”by physicians throughout history in terms of disease names,etiology,pathogenesis,and treatment.The ancient names for Ruyong(breast abscess)were varied,also referred to as“Duru(stagnation in breast)”or“Naichuang(breast sore)”.Its symptoms are diverse,with the main clinical manifestations being localized redness,swelling,heat,pain,and poor milk discharge in the affected breast.The etiology is primarily attributed to“milk stasis”“liver qi stagnation and stomach heat”and“exposure to external pathogens”.Additionally,this paper summarizes the treatment experiences from ancient and modern medical texts and highlights the complementary effects of internal and external therapies.This study provides a reference for modern clinical understanding and treatment of“Ruyong(breast abscess)”in the hope of further improvement of clinical efficacy.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(81774448),project leader:Ren XiaoqiaoThe key research and development and transformation project of Qinghai Provincial Department of Science and Technology,the study on the mechanism of action and clinical efficacy evaluation of Tibetan medicine Shiwei Weiming capsule in the treatment of"Sorong disease"+1 种基金No.2021-SF-C21The National Natural Science Foundation of China(81973697),project leader:Zhao Huihui。
文摘Objectives:Call on people to treat the causes of physical diseases is to take into account the causes of psychological factors as well as external causes.Materials and Methods:The analysis was conducted by combining the classical medical books of Tibetan medicine,as well as the traditional culture and living habits of Tibetan people,with modern research results.Results:Many of the theories mentioned in Tibetan medicine related to mind-body medicine have been confirmed by modern research.Mental and physical treatment related to psychosomatic diseases should be administered simultaneously.First,when a person is healthy,he should cultivate his mind to build a solid psychological defense against diseases.Developing both the mind and body contributes to creating a stable physical protection barrier against diseases.When a person is ill,he should realign his mind and help his body adjust and promote its early recovery with the help of medications.Conclusions:Treating related psychosomatic diseases should treat the mind and body simultaneously.And the mind and body should be cultivated before diseases to reinforce the psychological and physical defense against diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271115,82471115)the Natural Science Foundation Team Project of Guangdong Province Grant(2015A030312016).
文摘Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental vision disorder resulting from abnormal visual input during the critical period of visual development,such as strabismus,uncorrected anisometropia,high refractive errors,and form deprivation.It is frequently associated with reduced visual acuity and deficits in binocular vision.Traditional occlusion therapy for amblyopia has typically been restricted to infants and young children during the critical period of visual development,as it is believed to be ineffective for older children and adults due to the decreased plasticity of the mature brain.Our research group has concentrated on pivotal scientific issues in amblyopia,including quantitative methods for detecting binocular vision,especially interocular visual suppression,the mechanisms underlying binocular vision impairment in amblyopia,treatment methods and their evaluations for amblyopia,and visual plasticity and its neural mechanisms in amblyopia.This paper summarizes the visual mechanisms and treatment modalities of amblyopia based on our research and both domestic and foreign sources,while also looking forward to the future development of this field in light of existing problems.
文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Cur‐rently,Western medicine has poor therapeutic effects,while traditional Chinese medi‐cine has unique advantages in relieving IBS-D symptoms and preventing recurrence.In recent years,especially with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,it has become a new treatment direction in clinical practice and has achieved good therapeutic effects.This article will provide a review of recent research on the treatment of IBS-D using traditional Chinese medicine external treatment methods.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation (GrantNO.5973J080) and by the "973" Key FOundation (Grant No. G1998061510).
文摘A new treatment for interface of metal and dielectric in finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method was presented, further how and why this treatment should be as it is was explained. The FDTD method was developed to compute the low-frequency electromagnetic fields in the metal instead of the traditional high-frequency ones as it was originally proposed. The computational results agreed well with the experimental ones.
