The COVID-19 pandemic has completely disrupted and possibly permanently changed the way humans travel.In Puerto Rico,major travel restrictions to the island have persisted at different levels since March 2020,which he...The COVID-19 pandemic has completely disrupted and possibly permanently changed the way humans travel.In Puerto Rico,major travel restrictions to the island have persisted at different levels since March 2020,which heavily influenced residents’travel behaviors.However,it remains unclear about how big the impact is and how inequitable it might be.The goal of this study is to evaluate COVID-19’s impacts on Puerto Rican’s travel behaviors by analyzing travel flows from Puerto Rico to the contiguous US with a modified gravity model.The roles of socioeconomic factors regarding the Puerto Rican travelers and COVID-19 factors regarding the destination US states have been assessed.COVID-19 was a strong deterring factor of travel at the beginning of the pandemic and also in the winter of 2020,but it did not keep Puerto Ricans from traveling during the summer 2020 when most travel restrictions were lifted.We found that the elderly population of Puerto Rico,despite being more vulnerable to COVID-19,were much more likely to travel during the pandemic.We also found that,during the holiday season in 2020,some socioeconomically disadvantaged populations were more likely to be traveling,a direct contradiction to their travel flows the year prior.These findings shed light on about how disproportionately affected populations behavior changed from pre-pandemic to after the pandemic started.With the continuance of the pandemic,this information is extremely valuable for future planning with respect to emergency management,travel regulation,and social benefit.展开更多
Based on the questionnaire data,this study analyzes the characteristics of Wuhu citizens' travel behavior in shopping centers.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)the frequency of trips to shopping centers has a...Based on the questionnaire data,this study analyzes the characteristics of Wuhu citizens' travel behavior in shopping centers.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)the frequency of trips to shopping centers has a great correlation with consumersJ economic level and social status;(2)the time spent to purchase goods is positively correlated with the level of goods;(3)multipurpose shopping becomes the mainstream;(4)traffic becomes the primary factor for consumers to consider;(5)the availability of supermarkets and cinemas at shopping centers affect consumers'choice of shopping centers.展开更多
Neighborhoods are fundamental to urban residents'daily lives.Older adults,as one of the most active user groups,exhibit daily travel behaviors that inform the optimization of facility spatial layouts.This paper co...Neighborhoods are fundamental to urban residents'daily lives.Older adults,as one of the most active user groups,exhibit daily travel behaviors that inform the optimization of facility spatial layouts.This paper collected 219 valid daily travel datasets from older residents in Hongqi Neighborhood,Hefei City,using a Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-based mobile tracking method.Combined with questionnaire analysis,the paper examines older adults'travel ranges,facility preferences,and behavior patterns based on their travel trajectories,walking path lengths,and walking speeds.Key findings indicate that shopping and recreation are the primary purposes of older adults'daily travels,with most walking path lengths limited to 1,000 meters and walking duration within 15 minutes.As age increases,older adults tend to walk shorter distances at lower speeds.Their daily needs are largely met within a 1,000-meter radius,and their travel trajectories are mainly concentrated along streets catering to daily necessities.Travel ranges vary at different times of day,while speed values at trajectory points exhibit notable correlations with the spatial distribution of neighborhood facilities.These findings offer valuable insights for improving the layout of neighborhood life circles and regenerating public spaces to better support aging populations.展开更多
Sustainable travel behavior intervention is an essential strategy to promote the development of urban transportation.The interventions offer personalized strategies based on certain scenario and participants to promot...Sustainable travel behavior intervention is an essential strategy to promote the development of urban transportation.The interventions offer personalized strategies based on certain scenario and participants to promote its effectiveness over hard travel restrictions.However,personalized strategies may also bring about difficulties to identify the actual effect of the measures.Furthermore,based on current practice,to make full use of travel behavior interventions,it is necessary to construct a unified methodological evidencebased framework to assess the reliability and effectiveness of travel behavior intervention studies.In response to these issues,we applied evidence-based knowledge graph to the field of sustainable travel behavior interventions to help decision supporters design sustainable travel behavior interventions wisely and in turn avoid excessive use of hard travel restrictions.We introduced concept of evidence-based practice to conduct a systematic analysis concerning reliability and validity of current full volume empirical studies by dimensions of scenarios,types of interventions and targets.In addition,we took advantage of high extensivity and integrability of knowledge graph to organize evidence-based related elements.Result of the systematic analysis shows that in terms of reliability of evidence,school intervention is the best scenario,knowledge incentive is the best intervention type and promoting public transit and walking proportion are the best targets.Oppositely,the reliability of interventions in workplace,belonging to reward and threat along with aiming at changing travel patterns generally and lowering travel carbon emission need to be enhanced.From the study,various research prospects are raised to promote evidence quality in the field of travel behavior intervention implementation.As a pioneer study,our research contributes to the field of urban transportation in introducing concepts of evidence-based practice and enabling optimization and extension of our achievement via the usage of knowledge graph,enhancing reliability and objectivity in urban transportation decision-making.展开更多
The outbreak and spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on transportation system.By analyzing the impact of the pandemic on the transportation system,the impact of the pandemic on the social ...The outbreak and spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on transportation system.By analyzing the impact of the pandemic on the transportation system,the impact of the pandemic on the social economy can be reflected to a certain extent,and the effect of anti-pandemic policy implementation can also be evaluated.In addition,the analysis results are expected to provide support for policy optimization.Currently,most of the relevant studies analyze the impact of the pandemic on the overall transportation system from the macro perspective,while few studies quantitatively analyze the impact of the pandemic on individual spatiotemporal travel behavior.Based on the license plate recognition(LPR)data,this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal travel patterns of travelers in each stage of the pandemic progress,quantifies the change of travelers'spatiotemporal behaviors,and analyzes the adjustment of travelers'behaviors under the influence of the pandemic.There are three different behavior adjustment strategies under the influence of the pandemic,and the behavior adjustment is related to the individual's past travel habits.The paper quantitatively assesses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individual travel behavior.And the method proposed in this paper can be used to quantitatively assess the impact of any long-term emergency on individual micro travel behavior.展开更多
The main objective of this study is to analyze work travel-related behavior through a set of variables relative to socio-economic class, urban environment and travel characteristics. The Principal Component Analysis w...The main objective of this study is to analyze work travel-related behavior through a set of variables relative to socio-economic class, urban environment and travel characteristics. The Principal Component Analysis was applied in a sample consisting of workers of the S?o Paulo Metropolitan Area, based on the origin-destination home interview survey, carried out in 1997, in order to: 1) examine the interdependence between travel patterns and a set of socioeconomic and urban environment variables;2) determine if the original database can be synthetized on components. The results enabled to observe relations between the individual’s socio-economic class and car usage, characteristics of urban environment and destination choices, as well as age and non-motorized travel mode choice. It is then concluded that the database can be adequately summarized in three components for subsequent analysis: 1) urban environment;2) socio-economic class;and 3) family structure.展开更多
We study dynamical behaviors of traveling wave solutions to a Fujimoto-Watanabe equation using the method of dynamical systems. We obtain all possible bifurcations of phase portraits of the system in different regions...We study dynamical behaviors of traveling wave solutions to a Fujimoto-Watanabe equation using the method of dynamical systems. We obtain all possible bifurcations of phase portraits of the system in different regions of the threedimensional parameter space. Then we show the required conditions to guarantee the existence of traveling wave solutions including solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, kink-like（antikink-like） wave solutions, and compactons. Moreover, we present exact expressions and simulations of these traveling wave solutions. The dynamical behaviors of these new traveling wave solutions will greatly enrich the previews results and further help us understand the physical structures and analyze the propagation of nonlinear waves.展开更多
Urban recreationists consist of those who have used urban recreational facilities, no matter they are local residents or nonlocals. Traveling models will exert impacts not only on the use of urban recreational facilit...Urban recreationists consist of those who have used urban recreational facilities, no matter they are local residents or nonlocals. Traveling models will exert impacts not only on the use of urban recreational facilities but also on the development and management of recreational resources. Taking Shanghai as a sample of destinaton and origin of urban recreationists, the author did his study based on data from comprehensive travel measurement and users' survey, including field questionnaire survey, mailing questionnaire survey, home survey, and cordon monitonng. To analyze traveing models of urban recreationists in Shanghai, the author used techniques of Recreational Activity Space (RAS) and the Use Curve (UC) Analysis. Rogarding Shanghai as an origin, the author first discussed types and characteristics of the RASs which are presented by isotourist lines in the proper and outskirts of Shanghai, the Yangtze Delta and the China's Mainland respectively. These RASs reflect the trave directional bias of Shanghainese. Then the author regarded Shanghai as a deshnahon and analyzed the RASs of tounsts from Otier provinces, which demonstrated the attractiveness of and distance decay of Shanghai. He found that a U-shaped UC model existed in the distance decay under the influence of attractiveness and distance. Finally, the author suggested, that the availability, periodicity and attractiveness, besides distance, are the basic mechanisms that affect the urban recreationists' traveling models in a city such as Shanghai.展开更多
This research presents an analysis of travel mode choice for trips to Ho Chi Minh City metro station. Research methods were inherited through a formula to calculate passenger traffic forecasts to predict passengers, g...This research presents an analysis of travel mode choice for trips to Ho Chi Minh City metro station. Research methods were inherited through a formula to calculate passenger traffic forecasts to predict passengers, going to the station. Based on the collected data of interviews, traffic surveys, and ＂Irwin ＆ Von Cube＂ function, forecast the proportion of travel mode, and use to go to the station and leaving from the station. The results of study are used for the purpose of calculating the size of the metro station parking lots and parking layout plan.展开更多
Based on the reliability budget and percentile travel time(PTT) concept, a new travel time index named combined mean travel time(CMTT) under stochastic traffic network was proposed. CMTT here was defined as the convex...Based on the reliability budget and percentile travel time(PTT) concept, a new travel time index named combined mean travel time(CMTT) under stochastic traffic network was proposed. CMTT here was defined as the convex combination of the conditional expectations of PTT-below and PTT-excess travel times. The former was designed as a risk-optimistic travel time index, and the latter was a risk-pessimistic one. Hence, CMTT was able to describe various routing risk-attitudes. The central idea of CMTT was comprehensively illustrated and the difference among the existing travel time indices was analyzed. The Wardropian combined mean traffic equilibrium(CMTE) model was formulated as a variational inequality and solved via an alternating direction algorithm nesting extra-gradient projection process. Some mathematical properties of CMTT and CMTE model were rigorously proved. Finally, a numerical example was performed to characterize the CMTE network. It is founded that that risk-pessimism is of more benefit to a modest(or low) congestion and risk network, however, it changes to be risk-optimism for a high congestion and risk network.展开更多
In order to understand the short-term response of private car owners to changes in the price of oil,a survey was conducted in Beijing after the gasoline price in China rose in June 2008.It showed that private car driv...In order to understand the short-term response of private car owners to changes in the price of oil,a survey was conducted in Beijing after the gasoline price in China rose in June 2008.It showed that private car drivers in Beijing reduced their trips in the one month period following the price adjustment.Certain trip characteristics and drivers' demographics significantly influenced price elasticity in the short term,including the purpose of the trip,the distance covered and the income of the car driver.展开更多
Traffic congestion has become a critical issue in developing countries,as it tends to increase social costs in terms of travel cost and time,energy consumption and environmental degradation.With limited resources,redu...Traffic congestion has become a critical issue in developing countries,as it tends to increase social costs in terms of travel cost and time,energy consumption and environmental degradation.With limited resources,reducing travel demand by influencing individuals’ travel behavior can be a better long-term solution.To achieve this objective,alternate travel options need to be provided so that people can commute comfortably and economically.This study aims to identify key motives and constraints in the consideration of carpooling policy with the help of stated preference questionnaire survey that was conducted in Lahore City.The designed questionnaire includes respondents’ socioeconomic demographics,and intentions and stated preferences on carpooling policy.Factor analysis was conducted on travelers’ responses,and a structural model was developed for carpooling.Survey and modeling results reveal that social,environmental and economic benefits,disincentives on car use,preferential parking treatment for carpooling,and comfort and convenience attributes are significant determinants in promoting carpooling.However,people with strong belief in personal privacy,security,freedom in traveling and carpooling service constraints would have less potential to use thecarpooling service.In addition,pro-auto and pro-carpooling attitudes,marital status,profession and travel purpose for carpooling are also underlying factors.The findings implicate that to promote carpooling policy it is required to consider appropriate incentives on this service and disincentives on use of private vehicle along with modification of people’s attitudes and intentions.展开更多
Carpooling is a sustainable,economical,and environmentally friendly solution to reduce air pollution and ease traffic congestion in urban areas.However,existing regret theories lack consideration of the heterogeneity ...Carpooling is a sustainable,economical,and environmentally friendly solution to reduce air pollution and ease traffic congestion in urban areas.However,existing regret theories lack consideration of the heterogeneity of attribute perception in different ways and the psychological factors that affect regret,so they cannot accurately portray urban residents’carpool travel decisions and cannot provide a correct explanation of the actual carpool choice behavior.In this paper,based on the analysis of classical random regret minimization models and random regret minimization models considering heterogeneity,the concept of psychological distance is introduced to address shortcomings of the existing models and construct an improved random regret minimization model considering heterogeneity and psychological distance.The results show that the fit and explanatory effect of the improved model proposed in this paper is better than that of the other two models.The psychological distance of travel residents during the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)affects the anticipated regret value and the willingness to carpool.The model can better describe the carpool travel choice mechanism of travelers and effectively explain the carpool travel choice behavior of travelers.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated global tourism and recovery is proceeding very slowly.For many countries,tourism served as a major economic sector,so investigating how to recover is essential.As China was the lar...The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated global tourism and recovery is proceeding very slowly.For many countries,tourism served as a major economic sector,so investigating how to recover is essential.As China was the largest source of outbound travelers before the outbreak,study of the factors influencing Chinese intentions to travel overseas in the post-COVID era is revealing.In Apr.2022,among seven provinces(or cities)with the most outbound tourists from 2019 to 2021,2450 individuals responded to a questionnaire on daily mobility,tourism experiences,and the shifts due to the pandemic.Light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM),a robust ensemble learning method,was adopted to quantify and visualize the impact of explanatory factors on outbound travel intention.In addition,the Optuna mechanism and Shapley additive explanation(SHAP)instruments were employed for tuning hyperparameters and interpreting results,respectively.Findings suggest neither one-day nor multi-day tours have resumed to pre-COVID levels.Higher frequency of multi-day tours with further destinations,less car utilization in daily shopping trips,and moderate pandemic restrictions can boost the intention to travel abroad.The concerns and desires of different age groups for overseas travel need different responses.This study reveals the factors affecting Chinese outbound travel intentions and provides suggestions for the recovery of tourism in the post-COVID period.展开更多
Street Networks, knitted in the urban fabric, facilitate spatial movement and control the flow of urbanization. The interrelation between a city’s spatial network and how the residents travel over it has always been ...Street Networks, knitted in the urban fabric, facilitate spatial movement and control the flow of urbanization. The interrelation between a city’s spatial network and how the residents travel over it has always been of high interest to scholars. Over the years, multifaceted visualization methods have emerged to better express this travel trend from small to large scale. This study proposes a novel approach to 1) visualize city-wide travel patterns with respect to the street network orientation and 2) analyze the discrepancies between travel patterns and streets to evaluate network usability. The visualizations adopt histograms and rose diagrams to provide several insights into network-wide traffic flows. The visualization of four New York City (NYC) boroughs including Queens, Brooklyn, Bronx, and Staten Island was generated for the daily traffic and the average hourly flows in the morning and evening rush hours. Then the contrasts between built-in street network topology and travel orientation were drawn to show where people travel over the network, travel demand, and finally which segments experience high or light traffic, revealing the true picture of network usability. The findings of the study provide an insight into the novel and innovative approach that can help better understand the travel behavior lucidly and assist policymakers in decision making to maintain a balance between urban topology and travel demands. In addition, the study demonstrates how to further investigate city street networks and urbanization from different diverse dimensions.展开更多
Objective:Individuals travel locally and internationally in order to find alternative treatments which are less-toxic and more beneficial to their health and wellness.Despite the popularity of the western system of me...Objective:Individuals travel locally and internationally in order to find alternative treatments which are less-toxic and more beneficial to their health and wellness.Despite the popularity of the western system of medicine,cupping therapies are gaining enormous attention in Pakistan as a system of traditional and complementary medicine to ensure the quality of life and wellness notions of the people.The present study aims to examine the effectiveness of dry cupping therapy(DCT)on the health,wellness,and quality of life preferences of health-seeking travelers in a sample of Faisalabad.Methods:DCT was performed for 15-20 minutes on subjects by using 3-5 disposable cupping glasses.Study participants filled the questionnaires before and after DCT interventions.Partial least square structural equation modeling technique is used in order to statistically analyze the data.Results:A total of 187 subjects participated in two DCT interventions at Coural Wellness Center Faisalabad and provided their final responses after 30 days from 2nd DCT.Respondents’perceptions of their physical feelings were generally found in a significantly positive and direct relation with DCT and health status(HS),i.e.,body pain(β=0.019),vitality(β=0.138),and bodily movement(β=0.207).This trend was observed in the psychological feelings of respondents as well,i.e.,emotional feelings(β=0.169).DCT significantly mediated the overall phenomenon and variance account for values were found between 20%and 80%for all the study constructs.The scores of all the health and wellness items on the questionnaire were significantly improved in 79.68%of studied participants after 1st and 2nd DCT interventions except for social functioning.Conclusion:Findings of the present study suggest that DCT has an important role in determining the health perceptions and HS of health travelers without potential side-effects.It can improve the health and overall quality of life of the people by positively influencing their physical and psychological health perceptions.It additionally leads to improve travelers’emotion,behavior,and other daily matters.展开更多
In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including ...In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including conservative type,neutral type and adventure type,respectively,analysis on the travel environment supply and the travel environment demand.Suppose the travel demand obeys the gamma distribution and the capacity obeys the beta distribution,and the travel time function of different commuter type is deduced,the travel decision model based on the cumulative foreground theory is established.Analyze the example results,compared with the fluctuation of travel demand,the degradation of traffic capacity has a more significant impact on travel decision-making behavior;and different types of commuters cause different disturbances to travel decision-making behavior.展开更多
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has completely disrupted and possibly permanently changed the way humans travel.In Puerto Rico,major travel restrictions to the island have persisted at different levels since March 2020,which heavily influenced residents’travel behaviors.However,it remains unclear about how big the impact is and how inequitable it might be.The goal of this study is to evaluate COVID-19’s impacts on Puerto Rican’s travel behaviors by analyzing travel flows from Puerto Rico to the contiguous US with a modified gravity model.The roles of socioeconomic factors regarding the Puerto Rican travelers and COVID-19 factors regarding the destination US states have been assessed.COVID-19 was a strong deterring factor of travel at the beginning of the pandemic and also in the winter of 2020,but it did not keep Puerto Ricans from traveling during the summer 2020 when most travel restrictions were lifted.We found that the elderly population of Puerto Rico,despite being more vulnerable to COVID-19,were much more likely to travel during the pandemic.We also found that,during the holiday season in 2020,some socioeconomically disadvantaged populations were more likely to be traveling,a direct contradiction to their travel flows the year prior.These findings shed light on about how disproportionately affected populations behavior changed from pre-pandemic to after the pandemic started.With the continuance of the pandemic,this information is extremely valuable for future planning with respect to emergency management,travel regulation,and social benefit.
文摘Based on the questionnaire data,this study analyzes the characteristics of Wuhu citizens' travel behavior in shopping centers.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)the frequency of trips to shopping centers has a great correlation with consumersJ economic level and social status;(2)the time spent to purchase goods is positively correlated with the level of goods;(3)multipurpose shopping becomes the mainstream;(4)traffic becomes the primary factor for consumers to consider;(5)the availability of supermarkets and cinemas at shopping centers affect consumers'choice of shopping centers.
基金supported by the Urban Renewal and Transportation Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province,the Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Regional Environmental Health and Spatial Intelligent Perception,the China Scholarship Council(No.202206690039)the Anhui Province University Outstanding Scientific Research and Innovation Team(No.2022AH010021)+3 种基金the Provincial Graduate Academic Innovation Project of Anhui Province(No.2022XSCX017)the Scientific Research Project for Talents Introduction of Anhui Jianzhu University(No.2023QDZ02)the Director’s Fund of the Key Laboratory of Jointly Built Disciplines in Anhui Province(No.2024CSGX-ZR01)the Key Scientific Research Project of Universities in Anhui Province(No.2024AH050226)。
文摘Neighborhoods are fundamental to urban residents'daily lives.Older adults,as one of the most active user groups,exhibit daily travel behaviors that inform the optimization of facility spatial layouts.This paper collected 219 valid daily travel datasets from older residents in Hongqi Neighborhood,Hefei City,using a Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-based mobile tracking method.Combined with questionnaire analysis,the paper examines older adults'travel ranges,facility preferences,and behavior patterns based on their travel trajectories,walking path lengths,and walking speeds.Key findings indicate that shopping and recreation are the primary purposes of older adults'daily travels,with most walking path lengths limited to 1,000 meters and walking duration within 15 minutes.As age increases,older adults tend to walk shorter distances at lower speeds.Their daily needs are largely met within a 1,000-meter radius,and their travel trajectories are mainly concentrated along streets catering to daily necessities.Travel ranges vary at different times of day,while speed values at trajectory points exhibit notable correlations with the spatial distribution of neighborhood facilities.These findings offer valuable insights for improving the layout of neighborhood life circles and regenerating public spaces to better support aging populations.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipal under Grant 22511104200the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under No.2022-5-YB-02.
文摘Sustainable travel behavior intervention is an essential strategy to promote the development of urban transportation.The interventions offer personalized strategies based on certain scenario and participants to promote its effectiveness over hard travel restrictions.However,personalized strategies may also bring about difficulties to identify the actual effect of the measures.Furthermore,based on current practice,to make full use of travel behavior interventions,it is necessary to construct a unified methodological evidencebased framework to assess the reliability and effectiveness of travel behavior intervention studies.In response to these issues,we applied evidence-based knowledge graph to the field of sustainable travel behavior interventions to help decision supporters design sustainable travel behavior interventions wisely and in turn avoid excessive use of hard travel restrictions.We introduced concept of evidence-based practice to conduct a systematic analysis concerning reliability and validity of current full volume empirical studies by dimensions of scenarios,types of interventions and targets.In addition,we took advantage of high extensivity and integrability of knowledge graph to organize evidence-based related elements.Result of the systematic analysis shows that in terms of reliability of evidence,school intervention is the best scenario,knowledge incentive is the best intervention type and promoting public transit and walking proportion are the best targets.Oppositely,the reliability of interventions in workplace,belonging to reward and threat along with aiming at changing travel patterns generally and lowering travel carbon emission need to be enhanced.From the study,various research prospects are raised to promote evidence quality in the field of travel behavior intervention implementation.As a pioneer study,our research contributes to the field of urban transportation in introducing concepts of evidence-based practice and enabling optimization and extension of our achievement via the usage of knowledge graph,enhancing reliability and objectivity in urban transportation decision-making.
基金supported by“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(2022C01042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92046011)+1 种基金Center for Balance Architecture Zhejiang UniversityAlibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Institute of Frontier Technologies.
文摘The outbreak and spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on transportation system.By analyzing the impact of the pandemic on the transportation system,the impact of the pandemic on the social economy can be reflected to a certain extent,and the effect of anti-pandemic policy implementation can also be evaluated.In addition,the analysis results are expected to provide support for policy optimization.Currently,most of the relevant studies analyze the impact of the pandemic on the overall transportation system from the macro perspective,while few studies quantitatively analyze the impact of the pandemic on individual spatiotemporal travel behavior.Based on the license plate recognition(LPR)data,this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal travel patterns of travelers in each stage of the pandemic progress,quantifies the change of travelers'spatiotemporal behaviors,and analyzes the adjustment of travelers'behaviors under the influence of the pandemic.There are three different behavior adjustment strategies under the influence of the pandemic,and the behavior adjustment is related to the individual's past travel habits.The paper quantitatively assesses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individual travel behavior.And the method proposed in this paper can be used to quantitatively assess the impact of any long-term emergency on individual micro travel behavior.
文摘The main objective of this study is to analyze work travel-related behavior through a set of variables relative to socio-economic class, urban environment and travel characteristics. The Principal Component Analysis was applied in a sample consisting of workers of the S?o Paulo Metropolitan Area, based on the origin-destination home interview survey, carried out in 1997, in order to: 1) examine the interdependence between travel patterns and a set of socioeconomic and urban environment variables;2) determine if the original database can be synthetized on components. The results enabled to observe relations between the individual’s socio-economic class and car usage, characteristics of urban environment and destination choices, as well as age and non-motorized travel mode choice. It is then concluded that the database can be adequately summarized in three components for subsequent analysis: 1) urban environment;2) socio-economic class;and 3) family structure.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11701191)Subsidized Project for Cultivating Postgraduates’ Innovative Ability in Scientific Research of Huaqiao University,China
文摘We study dynamical behaviors of traveling wave solutions to a Fujimoto-Watanabe equation using the method of dynamical systems. We obtain all possible bifurcations of phase portraits of the system in different regions of the threedimensional parameter space. Then we show the required conditions to guarantee the existence of traveling wave solutions including solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, kink-like（antikink-like） wave solutions, and compactons. Moreover, we present exact expressions and simulations of these traveling wave solutions. The dynamical behaviors of these new traveling wave solutions will greatly enrich the previews results and further help us understand the physical structures and analyze the propagation of nonlinear waves.
文摘Urban recreationists consist of those who have used urban recreational facilities, no matter they are local residents or nonlocals. Traveling models will exert impacts not only on the use of urban recreational facilities but also on the development and management of recreational resources. Taking Shanghai as a sample of destinaton and origin of urban recreationists, the author did his study based on data from comprehensive travel measurement and users' survey, including field questionnaire survey, mailing questionnaire survey, home survey, and cordon monitonng. To analyze traveing models of urban recreationists in Shanghai, the author used techniques of Recreational Activity Space (RAS) and the Use Curve (UC) Analysis. Rogarding Shanghai as an origin, the author first discussed types and characteristics of the RASs which are presented by isotourist lines in the proper and outskirts of Shanghai, the Yangtze Delta and the China's Mainland respectively. These RASs reflect the trave directional bias of Shanghainese. Then the author regarded Shanghai as a deshnahon and analyzed the RASs of tounsts from Otier provinces, which demonstrated the attractiveness of and distance decay of Shanghai. He found that a U-shaped UC model existed in the distance decay under the influence of attractiveness and distance. Finally, the author suggested, that the availability, periodicity and attractiveness, besides distance, are the basic mechanisms that affect the urban recreationists' traveling models in a city such as Shanghai.
文摘This research presents an analysis of travel mode choice for trips to Ho Chi Minh City metro station. Research methods were inherited through a formula to calculate passenger traffic forecasts to predict passengers, going to the station. Based on the collected data of interviews, traffic surveys, and ＂Irwin ＆ Von Cube＂ function, forecast the proportion of travel mode, and use to go to the station and leaving from the station. The results of study are used for the purpose of calculating the size of the metro station parking lots and parking layout plan.
基金Project(2012CB725403-5)supported by National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(71131001-2)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Projects(2012JBZ005)supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject(201170)supported by the Foundation for National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China
文摘Based on the reliability budget and percentile travel time(PTT) concept, a new travel time index named combined mean travel time(CMTT) under stochastic traffic network was proposed. CMTT here was defined as the convex combination of the conditional expectations of PTT-below and PTT-excess travel times. The former was designed as a risk-optimistic travel time index, and the latter was a risk-pessimistic one. Hence, CMTT was able to describe various routing risk-attitudes. The central idea of CMTT was comprehensively illustrated and the difference among the existing travel time indices was analyzed. The Wardropian combined mean traffic equilibrium(CMTE) model was formulated as a variational inequality and solved via an alternating direction algorithm nesting extra-gradient projection process. Some mathematical properties of CMTT and CMTE model were rigorously proved. Finally, a numerical example was performed to characterize the CMTE network. It is founded that that risk-pessimism is of more benefit to a modest(or low) congestion and risk network, however, it changes to be risk-optimism for a high congestion and risk network.
基金supported by the Research Fund for the Dectoral Program of Higher Education (Grant no.20070001049)Beijing Science and Technology Commission (Grant no.D09040903670905)
文摘In order to understand the short-term response of private car owners to changes in the price of oil,a survey was conducted in Beijing after the gasoline price in China rose in June 2008.It showed that private car drivers in Beijing reduced their trips in the one month period following the price adjustment.Certain trip characteristics and drivers' demographics significantly influenced price elasticity in the short term,including the purpose of the trip,the distance covered and the income of the car driver.
基金conducted at University of Engineering and Technology Lahore with support of Department of Transportation Engineering and Management Department
文摘Traffic congestion has become a critical issue in developing countries,as it tends to increase social costs in terms of travel cost and time,energy consumption and environmental degradation.With limited resources,reducing travel demand by influencing individuals’ travel behavior can be a better long-term solution.To achieve this objective,alternate travel options need to be provided so that people can commute comfortably and economically.This study aims to identify key motives and constraints in the consideration of carpooling policy with the help of stated preference questionnaire survey that was conducted in Lahore City.The designed questionnaire includes respondents’ socioeconomic demographics,and intentions and stated preferences on carpooling policy.Factor analysis was conducted on travelers’ responses,and a structural model was developed for carpooling.Survey and modeling results reveal that social,environmental and economic benefits,disincentives on car use,preferential parking treatment for carpooling,and comfort and convenience attributes are significant determinants in promoting carpooling.However,people with strong belief in personal privacy,security,freedom in traveling and carpooling service constraints would have less potential to use thecarpooling service.In addition,pro-auto and pro-carpooling attitudes,marital status,profession and travel purpose for carpooling are also underlying factors.The findings implicate that to promote carpooling policy it is required to consider appropriate incentives on this service and disincentives on use of private vehicle along with modification of people’s attitudes and intentions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52062026)the Educational Commission of Gansu Province of China(No.2019A-041)the Double-First Class Major Research Programs of Educational Department of Gansu Province(No.GSSYLXM-04)。
文摘Carpooling is a sustainable,economical,and environmentally friendly solution to reduce air pollution and ease traffic congestion in urban areas.However,existing regret theories lack consideration of the heterogeneity of attribute perception in different ways and the psychological factors that affect regret,so they cannot accurately portray urban residents’carpool travel decisions and cannot provide a correct explanation of the actual carpool choice behavior.In this paper,based on the analysis of classical random regret minimization models and random regret minimization models considering heterogeneity,the concept of psychological distance is introduced to address shortcomings of the existing models and construct an improved random regret minimization model considering heterogeneity and psychological distance.The results show that the fit and explanatory effect of the improved model proposed in this paper is better than that of the other two models.The psychological distance of travel residents during the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)affects the anticipated regret value and the willingness to carpool.The model can better describe the carpool travel choice mechanism of travelers and effectively explain the carpool travel choice behavior of travelers.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52131202)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.Y21E080079)the Center for Balance Architecture,Zhejiang University,China.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated global tourism and recovery is proceeding very slowly.For many countries,tourism served as a major economic sector,so investigating how to recover is essential.As China was the largest source of outbound travelers before the outbreak,study of the factors influencing Chinese intentions to travel overseas in the post-COVID era is revealing.In Apr.2022,among seven provinces(or cities)with the most outbound tourists from 2019 to 2021,2450 individuals responded to a questionnaire on daily mobility,tourism experiences,and the shifts due to the pandemic.Light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM),a robust ensemble learning method,was adopted to quantify and visualize the impact of explanatory factors on outbound travel intention.In addition,the Optuna mechanism and Shapley additive explanation(SHAP)instruments were employed for tuning hyperparameters and interpreting results,respectively.Findings suggest neither one-day nor multi-day tours have resumed to pre-COVID levels.Higher frequency of multi-day tours with further destinations,less car utilization in daily shopping trips,and moderate pandemic restrictions can boost the intention to travel abroad.The concerns and desires of different age groups for overseas travel need different responses.This study reveals the factors affecting Chinese outbound travel intentions and provides suggestions for the recovery of tourism in the post-COVID period.
文摘Street Networks, knitted in the urban fabric, facilitate spatial movement and control the flow of urbanization. The interrelation between a city’s spatial network and how the residents travel over it has always been of high interest to scholars. Over the years, multifaceted visualization methods have emerged to better express this travel trend from small to large scale. This study proposes a novel approach to 1) visualize city-wide travel patterns with respect to the street network orientation and 2) analyze the discrepancies between travel patterns and streets to evaluate network usability. The visualizations adopt histograms and rose diagrams to provide several insights into network-wide traffic flows. The visualization of four New York City (NYC) boroughs including Queens, Brooklyn, Bronx, and Staten Island was generated for the daily traffic and the average hourly flows in the morning and evening rush hours. Then the contrasts between built-in street network topology and travel orientation were drawn to show where people travel over the network, travel demand, and finally which segments experience high or light traffic, revealing the true picture of network usability. The findings of the study provide an insight into the novel and innovative approach that can help better understand the travel behavior lucidly and assist policymakers in decision making to maintain a balance between urban topology and travel demands. In addition, the study demonstrates how to further investigate city street networks and urbanization from different diverse dimensions.
文摘Objective:Individuals travel locally and internationally in order to find alternative treatments which are less-toxic and more beneficial to their health and wellness.Despite the popularity of the western system of medicine,cupping therapies are gaining enormous attention in Pakistan as a system of traditional and complementary medicine to ensure the quality of life and wellness notions of the people.The present study aims to examine the effectiveness of dry cupping therapy(DCT)on the health,wellness,and quality of life preferences of health-seeking travelers in a sample of Faisalabad.Methods:DCT was performed for 15-20 minutes on subjects by using 3-5 disposable cupping glasses.Study participants filled the questionnaires before and after DCT interventions.Partial least square structural equation modeling technique is used in order to statistically analyze the data.Results:A total of 187 subjects participated in two DCT interventions at Coural Wellness Center Faisalabad and provided their final responses after 30 days from 2nd DCT.Respondents’perceptions of their physical feelings were generally found in a significantly positive and direct relation with DCT and health status(HS),i.e.,body pain(β=0.019),vitality(β=0.138),and bodily movement(β=0.207).This trend was observed in the psychological feelings of respondents as well,i.e.,emotional feelings(β=0.169).DCT significantly mediated the overall phenomenon and variance account for values were found between 20%and 80%for all the study constructs.The scores of all the health and wellness items on the questionnaire were significantly improved in 79.68%of studied participants after 1st and 2nd DCT interventions except for social functioning.Conclusion:Findings of the present study suggest that DCT has an important role in determining the health perceptions and HS of health travelers without potential side-effects.It can improve the health and overall quality of life of the people by positively influencing their physical and psychological health perceptions.It additionally leads to improve travelers’emotion,behavior,and other daily matters.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant o.50808021)
文摘In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including conservative type,neutral type and adventure type,respectively,analysis on the travel environment supply and the travel environment demand.Suppose the travel demand obeys the gamma distribution and the capacity obeys the beta distribution,and the travel time function of different commuter type is deduced,the travel decision model based on the cumulative foreground theory is established.Analyze the example results,compared with the fluctuation of travel demand,the degradation of traffic capacity has a more significant impact on travel decision-making behavior;and different types of commuters cause different disturbances to travel decision-making behavior.
