This paper reviews a strategic scientific proposal to dig and construct three navigable sea lanes linking isolated inland seas and blocked side bays and linking it with the open seas, to facilitate the movement of fre...This paper reviews a strategic scientific proposal to dig and construct three navigable sea lanes linking isolated inland seas and blocked side bays and linking it with the open seas, to facilitate the movement of free trade and international navigation, and to break the captivity of geographically isolated environments, and to give a strategic advantage to some areas and sectors that are neglected politically, socially, economically and environmentally, and to adopt the strategy of establishing a marine channel between the “Caspian Sea” and the “Black Sea” through the “lands belonging to Russia”. On digging a navigational canal at the lowest cost in a plain area within the territory of Russia, with a length of approximately 600 kilometers (616 km), starting from the nearest bay in the Caspian Sea, passing near the city of “Pyatigorsk” to the city of “Sochi” on the Black Sea, while it comes: -The strategy of the waterway and the sea channel between the “Caspian Sea” and the “Arabian Gulf” through the “lands belonging to Iran” by digging and cutting a path in the rocks with a width of 100 meters and a length of about 700 kilometers, and at a time rate of less than 10 years, and this project will liberate all countries in the Caspian Sea, and the study concludes with the strategy of the navigational channel between the “Arabian Gulf” and the “Mediterranean Sea” through the two countries of “Iraq-Syria”, with a length of about 1350 km, and the world will benefit in the security, commercial and political fields.展开更多
The aim of drip fertigation is synchronising the application of water and nutrients with crop requirements, and maintaining the proper concentration and distribution of nutrient and water in the soil. The wetting patt...The aim of drip fertigation is synchronising the application of water and nutrients with crop requirements, and maintaining the proper concentration and distribution of nutrient and water in the soil. The wetting patterns and nutrient distributions under drip fertigation have been proved to be closely related to the fertigation strategies. In order to find out the critical factors that affect the nutrient distribution under different drip fertigaiton strategies, a computer simulation model HYDRUS2D/3D was used to simulate the water and nitrate distribution for various fertigation strategies from a surface point source. Simulation results were compared with the observed ones from our previous studies. A 15° wedge-shaped plexiglass container was used in our experiment to represent one-twenty-fourth of the complete cylinder. The height of container is 40 cm, and the radius is 41 cm. The ammonium nitrate solution was added through a no. 7 needle connected to a Mariotte tube with a flexible hose. The soil water content, nitrate and ammonium concentrations were measured. The comparison of simulated and observed data demonstrated that the model performed reliably. The numerical analysis for various fertigation strategies from a surface point source showed that：（1） The total amount of irrigation water, the concentration of the fertilizer solution and the amount of pure water used to flush the pipeline after fertilizer solution application are the three critical factors influencing the distribution of water and fertilizer nitrogen in the soil.（2） The fresh water irrigation duration prior to fertigation has no obvious effect on nitrate distribution. The longer flushing time period after fertigation resulted in nitrate accumulation closer to the wetting front. From the point of avoiding the possibility of nitrate loss from the root zone, we recommended that the flushing time period should be as shorter as possible.（3） For a given amount of fertilizer, higher concentration of the fertilizer applied solution reduces the potential of nitrate leaching in drip irrigation system. While, lower concentration of the fertilizer solution resulted in an uniform distribution of nitrate band closer to the wetted front.展开更多
Live fish waterless transportation could be recognized as an essential supplement for water-based transportation due to its low oxygen consumption and less waste water pollution.The critical problem to maintaining the...Live fish waterless transportation could be recognized as an essential supplement for water-based transportation due to its low oxygen consumption and less waste water pollution.The critical problem to maintaining the fish survival quality under such a unique transport strategy is accurately controlling the oxygen concentration in the container to be constantly at stable and high levels.This paper aims to propose an improved fuzzy PID control system based on the grey model with residual rectification by improved particle swarm optimized Gated Recurrent Unit(GM-IPSO-GRU)to realize advanced oxygen level control.In addition,it is also reinforced by adopting the improved grey wolf optimization(IGWO)for the majorization of control parameters(quantization factors,scale factors)with full consideration of fish size features.In this study,Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)is taken as the test subject to verify the integrated control performance of the optimized fuzzy PID controller through simulated waterless live transportation under lowtemperature conditions.The proposed control system is validated as more efficient than the traditional proportional integral derivative(PID)and fuzzy PID algorithms for handling its nonlinear,time-varying,and time lag problems well.In summary,the control group experiment shows that the newly-designed control system has the advantages of shorter stabilization time,minor overshoot,and strong anti-interference ability for oxygen level adjustment.Finally,applying this novel control technology can effectively improve oxygen adjustment efficiency and provide feasible quality control support for the deep optimization of the live fish circulation industry.展开更多
As China’s urbanization has transformed from extensive development to "refined operation," urban regeneration is more significant. This paper analyzes changes in research perspectives of urban regeneration ...As China’s urbanization has transformed from extensive development to "refined operation," urban regeneration is more significant. This paper analyzes changes in research perspectives of urban regeneration in recent years at home and abroad and the innovative concept of inclusive development proposed in the context of globalization, finding that the connotation of urban regeneration in European countries has been gradually enriched in order to promote social integration. Based on this, the paper examines how Paris, the first European city, combined inclusive development and urban regeneration and addressed social integration and equity in urban regeneration by taking accessibility as a key point in solving the most fundamental transportation problems. Based on lessons learned from Paris in developing a barrier-free transportation system, it proposes specific optimization strategies at the micro level in accordance with the status quo of public transportation accessibility in Beijing’s urban regeneration.展开更多
文摘This paper reviews a strategic scientific proposal to dig and construct three navigable sea lanes linking isolated inland seas and blocked side bays and linking it with the open seas, to facilitate the movement of free trade and international navigation, and to break the captivity of geographically isolated environments, and to give a strategic advantage to some areas and sectors that are neglected politically, socially, economically and environmentally, and to adopt the strategy of establishing a marine channel between the “Caspian Sea” and the “Black Sea” through the “lands belonging to Russia”. On digging a navigational canal at the lowest cost in a plain area within the territory of Russia, with a length of approximately 600 kilometers (616 km), starting from the nearest bay in the Caspian Sea, passing near the city of “Pyatigorsk” to the city of “Sochi” on the Black Sea, while it comes: -The strategy of the waterway and the sea channel between the “Caspian Sea” and the “Arabian Gulf” through the “lands belonging to Iran” by digging and cutting a path in the rocks with a width of 100 meters and a length of about 700 kilometers, and at a time rate of less than 10 years, and this project will liberate all countries in the Caspian Sea, and the study concludes with the strategy of the navigational channel between the “Arabian Gulf” and the “Mediterranean Sea” through the two countries of “Iraq-Syria”, with a length of about 1350 km, and the world will benefit in the security, commercial and political fields.
基金financially supported by the Non-Profit National Research Institute,Ministry of Finance of China(IARRP-2012-202-3)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest,China(201203077-04-05)
文摘The aim of drip fertigation is synchronising the application of water and nutrients with crop requirements, and maintaining the proper concentration and distribution of nutrient and water in the soil. The wetting patterns and nutrient distributions under drip fertigation have been proved to be closely related to the fertigation strategies. In order to find out the critical factors that affect the nutrient distribution under different drip fertigaiton strategies, a computer simulation model HYDRUS2D/3D was used to simulate the water and nitrate distribution for various fertigation strategies from a surface point source. Simulation results were compared with the observed ones from our previous studies. A 15° wedge-shaped plexiglass container was used in our experiment to represent one-twenty-fourth of the complete cylinder. The height of container is 40 cm, and the radius is 41 cm. The ammonium nitrate solution was added through a no. 7 needle connected to a Mariotte tube with a flexible hose. The soil water content, nitrate and ammonium concentrations were measured. The comparison of simulated and observed data demonstrated that the model performed reliably. The numerical analysis for various fertigation strategies from a surface point source showed that：（1） The total amount of irrigation water, the concentration of the fertilizer solution and the amount of pure water used to flush the pipeline after fertilizer solution application are the three critical factors influencing the distribution of water and fertilizer nitrogen in the soil.（2） The fresh water irrigation duration prior to fertigation has no obvious effect on nitrate distribution. The longer flushing time period after fertigation resulted in nitrate accumulation closer to the wetting front. From the point of avoiding the possibility of nitrate loss from the root zone, we recommended that the flushing time period should be as shorter as possible.（3） For a given amount of fertilizer, higher concentration of the fertilizer applied solution reduces the potential of nitrate leaching in drip irrigation system. While, lower concentration of the fertilizer solution resulted in an uniform distribution of nitrate band closer to the wetted front.
基金supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2022MF244)the Institutional Applied Scientific Research Projects(2021yyx-zd02).
文摘Live fish waterless transportation could be recognized as an essential supplement for water-based transportation due to its low oxygen consumption and less waste water pollution.The critical problem to maintaining the fish survival quality under such a unique transport strategy is accurately controlling the oxygen concentration in the container to be constantly at stable and high levels.This paper aims to propose an improved fuzzy PID control system based on the grey model with residual rectification by improved particle swarm optimized Gated Recurrent Unit(GM-IPSO-GRU)to realize advanced oxygen level control.In addition,it is also reinforced by adopting the improved grey wolf optimization(IGWO)for the majorization of control parameters(quantization factors,scale factors)with full consideration of fish size features.In this study,Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)is taken as the test subject to verify the integrated control performance of the optimized fuzzy PID controller through simulated waterless live transportation under lowtemperature conditions.The proposed control system is validated as more efficient than the traditional proportional integral derivative(PID)and fuzzy PID algorithms for handling its nonlinear,time-varying,and time lag problems well.In summary,the control group experiment shows that the newly-designed control system has the advantages of shorter stabilization time,minor overshoot,and strong anti-interference ability for oxygen level adjustment.Finally,applying this novel control technology can effectively improve oxygen adjustment efficiency and provide feasible quality control support for the deep optimization of the live fish circulation industry.
文摘As China’s urbanization has transformed from extensive development to "refined operation," urban regeneration is more significant. This paper analyzes changes in research perspectives of urban regeneration in recent years at home and abroad and the innovative concept of inclusive development proposed in the context of globalization, finding that the connotation of urban regeneration in European countries has been gradually enriched in order to promote social integration. Based on this, the paper examines how Paris, the first European city, combined inclusive development and urban regeneration and addressed social integration and equity in urban regeneration by taking accessibility as a key point in solving the most fundamental transportation problems. Based on lessons learned from Paris in developing a barrier-free transportation system, it proposes specific optimization strategies at the micro level in accordance with the status quo of public transportation accessibility in Beijing’s urban regeneration.
