After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the tim...After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the timing of interventions,combined with the limitations of current methods.To address these challenges,various techniques have been developed to aid in the repair and reconstruction of neural circuits at different stages of injury.Notably,neuromodulation has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance nerve regeneration,provide neuroprotection,restore neurons,and regulate the neural reorganization of circuits within the cerebral cortex and corticospinal tract.To improve the effectiveness of these interventions,the implementation of multitarget early interventional neuromodulation strategies,such as electrical and magnetic stimulation,is recommended to enhance functional recovery across different phases of nerve injury.This review concisely outlines the challenges encountered following spinal cord injury,synthesizes existing neurostimulation techniques while emphasizing neuroprotection,repair,and regeneration of impaired connections,and advocates for multi-targeted,task-oriented,and timely interventions.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking rec...BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking recovery.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early suspension-protected training with a personal assistant machine for stroke patients enhances walking ability and prevents muscle spasms.METHODS:Thirty-two early-stage stroke patients from Shenzhen University General Hospital and the China Rehabilitation Research Center were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=16)and the control group(n=16).Both groups underwent 4 weeks of gait training under the suspension protection system for 30 minutes daily,5 days a week.The experimental group used the personal assistant machine during training.Three-dimensional gait analysis(using the Cortex motion capture system),Brunnstrom staging,Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower limb motor function,Fugl-Meyer balance function,and the modified Ashworth Scale were evaluated within 1 week before the intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the 4-week intervention,all outcome measures showed significant changes in each group.The experimental group had a small but significant increase in the modified Ashworth Scale score(P<0.05,d=|0.15|),while the control group had a large significant increase(P<0.05,d=|1.48|).The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in walking speed(16.5 to 38.44 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|4.01|),step frequency(46.44 to 64.94 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|2.32|),stride length(15.50 to 29.81 cm,P<0.05,d=|3.44|),and peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.82|to|2.17|).After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in walking speed(38.44 vs.26.63 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|2.75|),stride length,peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.31|to|1.45|),step frequency(64.94 vs.59.38 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|0.85|),and a reduced support phase(bilateral:24.31%vs.28.38%,P<0.05,d=|0.88|;non-paretic:66.19%vs.70.13%,P<0.05,d=|0.94|).For early hemiplegia,personal assistant machine-assisted gait training under the suspension protection system helps establish a correct gait pattern,prevents muscle spasms,and improves motor function.展开更多
Background Obesity is a risk factor for developing cardiometabolic disease.Exercise training is pivotal in the treatment of obesity and is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality.This study examined the effec...Background Obesity is a risk factor for developing cardiometabolic disease.Exercise training is pivotal in the treatment of obesity and is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality.This study examined the effect of high-fat feeding on cardiac morphology and mitochondrial function,alongside the mitigating effects of voluntary exercise training.Methods Six-week-old male C57Bl/6 J mice commenced a high fat diet(HFD)or chow diet and were randomized to receive locked(sedentary)or unlocked(voluntary exercise training(VET))running wheels at 10 weeks of age.Mice were monitored until 30 weeks of age and euthanized for collection of tissues.Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to assess body composition,and echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function.Results Compared with chow-fed animals,the HFD increased body weight and adiposity and decreased cardiolipins(CL)in the heart,which are required for maintaining adequate mitochondrial respiration.Importantly,VET reversed these effects and induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy.Cardiac mitochondrial respiratory chain analysis revealed decreased complexes II and IV activity following high fat feeding,while VET enhanced complex I activity,emphasizing the cardioprotective effect of exercise training in obesity.Conclusion This study uncovers mechanisms by which obesity and exercise impact cardiac mitochondrial health and suggests the mitochondria is a therapeutic target in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
I was 26 the first time I travelled to China,and even now,it feels like an unexpected chapter in my life.The opportunity came out of the blue.I learned,just a month before departure,that I had been selected for a one-...I was 26 the first time I travelled to China,and even now,it feels like an unexpected chapter in my life.The opportunity came out of the blue.I learned,just a month before departure,that I had been selected for a one-month professional training programme.The news ignited a wave of excitement.For nearly two weeks,I stayed up late into the night,imagining a country I had never seen,trying to picture what China might really be like,beyond the images in books,films and media.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of sensory integration training combined with cognitive training in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation.Methods:A total of 120 children with mental...Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of sensory integration training combined with cognitive training in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation.Methods:A total of 120 children with mental retardation who received rehabilitation intervention in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2025 were selected and divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 60 children in each group.The control group adopted a conventional rehabilitation training program;the experimental group adopted a combined sensory integration training and cognitive training program.The sensory integration ability,cognitive function,and daily living skills of children in the two groups were compared.Results:The sensory integration ability score of the experimental group(85.3±6.2)was significantly higher than that of the control group(72.1±7.5)(p<0.05);the cognitive function score(88.7±5.8)was significantly improved compared with that of the control group(76.4±6.9)(p<0.05);the daily living skills score(90.2±4.7)was significantly higher than that of the control group(80.5±5.3)(p<0.05).The social interaction ability of the experimental group reached 92.5%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(81.3%)(p<0.05).Conclusion:Sensory integration training combined with cognitive training demonstrates favorable outcomes in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation,exhibiting a notable neurofunctional remodeling effect.It can optimize the multidimensional rehabilitation process,effectively enhance the comprehensive developmental potential of children,and hold significant clinical application value.展开更多
Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in physiological function,driven by intrinsic mechanisms(primary aging)and modifiable factors(secondary aging),ultimately leading to multimorbidity,disability,and mortal...Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in physiological function,driven by intrinsic mechanisms(primary aging)and modifiable factors(secondary aging),ultimately leading to multimorbidity,disability,and mortality.Mitochondrial dysfunction,a major hallmark of aging,plays a central role in the loss of muscle mass and strength observed in frailty and sarcopenia.With age,mitochondrial quality control processes,including biogenesis,mitophagy,and dynamics,become dysregulated,impairing energy metabolism and muscle homeostasis.Mitochondrial dysfunction correlates with clinical biomarkers of sarcopenia and frailty,such as the decrease in walking speed and muscle strength,making it a therapeutic target for mitohormesis-based strategies aimed at preserving functional capacity.Mitohormetic agents induce reversible mitochondrial stress,triggering adaptive responses that enhance function.Among these interventions,physical exercise,particularly endurance and resistance training(RT),has been reported to be among the most effective,as it may modulate mitochondrial biogenesis,dynamics,and mitophagy through increases in proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha(PGC-1α)and mitochondrial transcription factor A(TFAM)expression,mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid(mtDNA)copy number,and mitochondrial content.Chronic RT can also elevate fusion and fission markers,potentially as a compensatory mechanism to mitigate mitochondrial damage.Apart from exercise,mitohormetic compounds such as harmol and piceid are emerging as promising supplements in the aging field.By modulating mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics,they may complement lifestyle-based interventions to improve mitochondrial fitness and extend health span.展开更多
This paper proposes a passive control method to reduce peak values of slipstream and turbulent kinetic energy in a high-speed train wake by attaching vortex generators(VGs)onto the upper surface of the tail car.The im...This paper proposes a passive control method to reduce peak values of slipstream and turbulent kinetic energy in a high-speed train wake by attaching vortex generators(VGs)onto the upper surface of the tail car.The impact of the VGs is assessed through the improved delayed detached eddy simulations(IDDES)after validating predictions against previous experimental measurements and other numerical predictions for the base case.The simulations indicate that strategically installed VGs can reduce the average slipstream velocity(U slipstream)and the upper limit of slipstream velocity(U_(slipstream,max))by~17%and~15%,respectively,as well as moving the peaks downstream by approximately train height,thus reducing the danger posed by slipstream to waiting passengers and trackside workers.Analysis shows that the wake turbulent kinetic energy diminishes as the vortex generators decelerate the downwash flow and reduce shear production in the wake.It is also found that the presence of VGs significantly impacts the flow on the upper surface near the tail by modifying the unsteady trailing longitudinal vortices through the formation of additional counter-rotating longitudinal vortices from the VGs.These latter vortices prevent the merging of vortical airflow around the trailing nose tip,which is otherwise induced by the longitudinal vortex of the train.They also reduce vortex intensity through cross-annihilation and cross diffusion as the wake advects downstream,limiting outwards advection through interaction with the image pair,and contributing to a decrease in the peak slipstream value.The method proposed offers a simple approach to wake control leading to significant slipstream benefits.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to contextualize the world’s oldest art song directly associated with the railway-Travelling Song by the Russian composer Mikhail Glinka(1804-1857).The composer’s personal circumstance...The purpose of this article is to contextualize the world’s oldest art song directly associated with the railway-Travelling Song by the Russian composer Mikhail Glinka(1804-1857).The composer’s personal circumstances surrounding the creation of the song are examined,along with the historical and technical background of that era.While railways have always been associated with technological progress,new solutions for high-power engines,and the accuracy of arrival and departure timetables,the poetic and romantic side of train travel and railways in general has not yet received sufficient academic coverage.This essay is intended to partially fill this gap,though it rather outlines directions for possible development of its topical range.Each of the suggested reference points and stories is in itself an example of how the arts reflected the inspiration that cutting-edge technological advances of the period were exerting on artists,musicians,and other creative individuals.展开更多
Background:This paper aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effects of resistance training(RT)performed at longer-muscle length(LML)versus shorter-muscle length(SML)on proxy measurements for long...Background:This paper aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effects of resistance training(RT)performed at longer-muscle length(LML)versus shorter-muscle length(SML)on proxy measurements for longitudinal hypertrophy.Methods:We included studies that satisfied the following criteria:(1)be a resistance training intervention with a comparison of LML vs SML-RT;(2)assess both fascicle length(FL)and muscle size pre-and post-intervention;(3)involve healthy adults aged≥18 years;(4)be published in an English-language journal,and;(5)have a minimum training intervention duration of 4 weeks.Three databases were searched in February 2024(Google Scholar,PubMed/Medline,Scopus)for relevant articles,alongside'forward'and'backward'citation searching of articles included and additions via authors'personal knowledge.The results of studies were described narratively,compared,and contrasted.Eight studies met the inclusion criteria,totaling a sample size of 120.Results:Our results suggest that both muscle size and fascicle length increases may be greater following LML-RT versus SML-RT,suggesting LML-RT may lead to greater longitudinal hypertrophy than SML-RT.Notably,evidence is largely mixed;no studies to date have attempted to estimate serial sarcomere number changes from LML versus SML-RT,and all but one study used linear extrapolation methods to estimate FL,which has questionable validity.Therefore,the structural adaptations underlying hypertrophy from LML-RT remain undetermined.Conclusion:In conclusion,results suggest that LML-RT may be superior to SML-RT for inducing muscle hypertrophy and,more specifically,longitudinal growth,though evidence is mixed.展开更多
Objectives:Postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)exhibit low androgen expression.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vaginal androgen combined with pelvic floor muscle training(...Objectives:Postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)exhibit low androgen expression.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vaginal androgen combined with pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)in the treatment of SUI in postmenopausal women.Methods:Postmenopausal women with SUI were recruited from Hainan West Central Hospital between January 2024 and March 2025.Participants were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive either vaginal androgen cream combined with PFMT(treatment group)or a visually identical placebo cream(without androgens)combined with PFMT(control group).The vaginal cream was applied to the vaginal wall at a dose of 0.5 g per application,twice weekly for a total of 10 applications,while PFMT was conducted for 8 weeks.The clinical efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 61 patients were finally enrolled,with 31 in the treatment group and 30 in the control group.At both 3-month and 6-month follow-ups,the treatment group demonstrated significantly lower values in daily pad usage(p<0.05),24-h pad test scores(p<0.05),and ICIQ-UI SF scores(p<0.05)compared to the control group.The improvement rate of urinary incontinence was significantly higher in the treatment group(p<0.05).Compared to baseline,the treatment group showed statistically significant reductions in all three outcome measures(all p<0.05).No severe adverse events were reported in either group during the treatment period.Conclusions:Androgen therapy combined with PFMT significantly improved the urinary incontinence remission rate in postmenopausal women with SUI,with no severe adverse effects observed.These findings suggest that androgen therapy may represent a novel therapeutic approach for SUI management in postmenopausal women.展开更多
Purpose-This study investigates the impact of flagship trains on high-speed railway capacity utilization and develops a brand value-oriented optimization framework that balances service quality enhancement with operat...Purpose-This study investigates the impact of flagship trains on high-speed railway capacity utilization and develops a brand value-oriented optimization framework that balances service quality enhancement with operational efficiency.Design/methodology/approach-A mathematical optimization model based on integer programming is developed,incorporating flagship train constraints into capacity optimization.Case studies compare scenarios with and without flagship train considerations using the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway data across 20 experimental groups.Findings-Operating flagship trains with hourly departure constraints results in an average decrease of 0.9 trains and an 8.4%reduction in capacity utilization rate.When scheduling 2 flagship trains within a 2-h timeframe,capacity utilization decreases from 86.43%to 83.73%,quantifying the trade-off between brand positioning and operational capacity.Originality/value-This research provides the first quantitative framework for brand value-oriented railway capacity optimization,establishing clear definitions for flagship trains and mathematical foundations for evaluating service quality versus efficiency trade-offs.The findings offer practical decision support for railway operators balancing competitive positioning with capacity maximization.展开更多
BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints...BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.展开更多
Background Heat shock proteins(HSPs)are key molecular chaperones that help maintain protein homeostasis by stabilizing or removing damaged proteins during cellular stress.Aging weakens these stress–response systems,d...Background Heat shock proteins(HSPs)are key molecular chaperones that help maintain protein homeostasis by stabilizing or removing damaged proteins during cellular stress.Aging weakens these stress–response systems,disrupting proteostasis and increasing vulnerability to sarcopenia.High-intensity training(HIT)can counteract these declines by activating protective pathways such as the HSP response.HSPs are highly responsive to stress,examining their regulation during aging is important,as altered HSP activity is linked to the progressive loss of muscle mass.Methods This study investigated the abundance and phosphorylation of HSPs in skeletal muscle from healthy,active young and older adults(n=7 per group),assessed at baseline and again in the older group following 12 weeks of HIT.Using calibrated Western blotting on both whole-muscle homogenates and pooled single muscle fibres,we quantified HSP content and phosphorylation to determine how aging and exercise influence stress–responsive protein regulation at both the tissue and cellular levels.Results In whole muscle homogenates,HSPs(HSP72,HSP27,andαB-crystallin)did not differ between young and older adults,while higher phosphorylation of small HSPs(sHSPs):phospho-HSP27 at Serine15(pHSP27 Ser15)and phospho-αB-crystallin at Serine59(pαB-crystallin Ser59)(∼1.8-fold and∼2.9-fold,respectively)were found in muscle from older adults,indicating higher cellular stress associated with aging.A 12-week HIT intervention in older adults reduced homogenate pHSP27 Ser15 and pαB-crystallin Ser59 abundances to similar levels found in young adults.Total HSPs typically displayed a distinct fiber-type profile in both age groups,with more in type I compared to type II fibers,distinguished by the presence of myosin heavy chain I(MHCI)or MHCII.Phosphorylation at pHSP27 Ser15 and pαB-crystallin Ser59 was not different between type I and type II fibers.The HIT in older adults decreased total and phosphorylated sHSPs in both type I and type II fibers but increased HSP72 in type I fibers.Conclusion HIT has the potential to mitigate age-related cellular stress and modulate protein expression patterns in aging skeletal muscle and,perhaps,has the potential to delay age-related muscle decline,thereby improving muscle health in older adults.展开更多
Conventional surgical teaching techniques face several challenges,highlighting a necessity for ongoing innovation in ophthalmology education to align with the evolving demands of clinical practice.The recent rapid adv...Conventional surgical teaching techniques face several challenges,highlighting a necessity for ongoing innovation in ophthalmology education to align with the evolving demands of clinical practice.The recent rapid advancement of computer technology has enabled the integration of virtual reality(VR)into medical training,thereby revolutionizing ophthalmic surgical education through VRbased educational methods.VR technology offers a safe,risk-free environment for trainees to practice repeatedly,enhancing surgical skills and accelerating the learning curve without compromising patient safety.This research outlines the application of VR technology in ophthalmic surgical skills training,particularly in cataract and vitreoretinal surgery.Including assessing the effectiveness of intraocular surgery training systems,evaluating skills transfer to the operating room,comparing it with wet lab cataract surgery training,and enhancing non-dominant hand training for cataract surgery,among other aspects.Additionally,this paper will identify the limitations of VR technology in ocular surgical skills training,offer improvement strategies,and detail the advantages and prospects,with the objective of guiding subsequent researchers.展开更多
When Dachung Wochen,a 35-year-old blind Tibetan,walks in the bustling streets of Lhasa,capital of the Xizang Autonomous Region,with his guide dog Fuju,people are amazed by their tacit cooperation.Fuju helps his master...When Dachung Wochen,a 35-year-old blind Tibetan,walks in the bustling streets of Lhasa,capital of the Xizang Autonomous Region,with his guide dog Fuju,people are amazed by their tacit cooperation.Fuju helps his master navigate every obstacle on the road.After spending only a year with him,he understands most of his commands in Tibetan.Dachung Wochen's journey with the four-year-old canine began in April 2024.After 28 days of professional training at the China Guide Dog Training Center in Dalian,Liaoning Province,Dachung,as he is called by friends and family,took Fuju to Xizang by air and rail.展开更多
End-to-end Temporal Action Detection(TAD)has achieved remarkable progress in recent years,driven by innovations in model architectures and the emergence of Video Foundation Models(VFMs).However,existing TAD methods th...End-to-end Temporal Action Detection(TAD)has achieved remarkable progress in recent years,driven by innovations in model architectures and the emergence of Video Foundation Models(VFMs).However,existing TAD methods that perform full fine-tuning of pretrained video models often incur substantial computational costs,which become particularly pronounced when processing long video sequences.Moreover,the need for precise temporal boundary annotations makes data labeling extremely expensive.In low-resource settings where annotated samples are scarce,direct fine-tuning tends to cause overfitting.To address these challenges,we introduce Dynamic LowRank Adapter(DyLoRA),a lightweight fine-tuning framework tailored specifically for the TAD task.Built upon the Low-Rank Adaptation(LoRA)architecture,DyLoRA adapts only the key layers of the pretrained model via low-rank decomposition,reducing the number of trainable parameters to less than 5%of full fine-tuning methods.This significantly lowers memory consumption and mitigates overfitting in low-resource settings.Notably,DyLoRA enhances the temporal modeling capability of pretrained models by optimizing temporal dimension weights,thereby alleviating the representation misalignment of temporal features.Experimental results demonstrate that DyLoRA-TAD achieves impressive performance,with 73.9%mAP on THUMOS14,39.52%on ActivityNet-1.3,and 28.2%on Charades,substantially surpassing the best traditional feature-based methods.展开更多
Since the view that the localized rail third-order bending mode can cause high-order polygonization(mainly 18-23)of high-speed train wheels was put forward in 2017,many scholars have attempted to link a connection bet...Since the view that the localized rail third-order bending mode can cause high-order polygonization(mainly 18-23)of high-speed train wheels was put forward in 2017,many scholars have attempted to link a connection between the localized rail bending modes and wheel polygonization phenomenon and polygonal wheel passing frequency.This paper first establishes a flexible track model considering the structural and parametric characteristics of fasteners,verifies the model by using vehicle tracking test data,then investigates the influence of fastener parameter matching on the localized rail bending modes,and obtains the following conclusions:(1)There is nearly a 1:1 mapping relationship between the localized rail bending modal frequency and polygonal wheel passing(PWP)frequency,which supports that the localized rail bending mode is one of the causes of wheel polygonization.(2)The iron plate of the fastener system plays a role of dynamic vibration absorber in the vehicle-rail coupled system,and the fastener parameters significantly influence the localized rail bending modal vibration.Finally,this paper proposes a design principle of a high-frequency vibration-absorbing fastener,which provides a feasible solution to mitigate the localized rail bending modal vibration and high-order wheel polygonization.Meanwhile,it points out that this measure may induce other high-frequency vibration problems,e.g.,aggravating modal vibration above 800 Hz.Further,this paper proposes a concept of differentiated arrangement of fasteners,suggesting that different high-frequency vibration-absorbing fasteners be installed in different sections of the whole line to make the localized rail bending modal frequency of the whole line disordered,thus disrupting and further mitigating the development of the wheel polygonization.展开更多
Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the...Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the high-speed train family:the CR450,the world’s fastest electric multiple unit(EMU).展开更多
The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the ...The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the uncertainties in train driving and operation,this paper analyzes the relationship between the safety of heavy-haul electric locomotive hauled trains and driving and operation.It studies the auxiliary intelligent driving safety operation control methods.Through K-means to identify the characteristics of drivers'driving manipulation,the hidden Markov model adaptively adjusts the train driving and operation sequence,and conducts auxiliary driving reconstruction for heavy-haul locomotive driving and operation.Based on the train running curve and the locomotive traction/braking characteristics,it smoothly controls the exertion of the traction/braking force of heavy-haul locomotives,thereby optimizing the driving safety control of heavy-haul trains in the vehicle-environment-track system.Finally,the train operation simulation and optimized driving verification are carried out by simulating some track sections.The results show that the proposed method can correct and pre-optimize driving operations,improving the smoothness of heavy-haul trains by approximately 10%.It verifies the effectiveness of the proposed train assisted driving control reconstruction method,facilitating the smooth and safe operation of heavy-haul trains.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized c...[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized controlled trial design was employed in this study.Ninety patients with chronic low back pain were recruited and randomly assigned to either a control group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation,or an experimental group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation combined with core stability training.Both groups underwent treatment for 6 weeks.Assessments were conducted using the visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),and finger-to-floor test prior to treatment,6 weeks following treatment,and during the follow-up period,respectively.[Results]Prior to treatment,no statistically significant differences were observed between the two patient groups in terms of general information and various baseline measurements(P>0.05).Following 6 weeks of treatment and throughout the follow-up period,both groups demonstrated significant improvements in VAS scores,ODI scores,and lumbar anteflexion range of motion compared to baseline measurements(P<0.05).Notably,the magnitude of improvement in the experimental group exceeded that of the control group,with this inter-group difference reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions were reported during the treatment process.[Conclusions]Core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation can significantly enhance the alleviation of pain and functional impairments in patients suffering from chronic low back pain.This approach holds valuable implications for the optimization of rehabilitation treatment protocols.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2023YFC3603705(to DX)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82302866(to YZ).
文摘After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the timing of interventions,combined with the limitations of current methods.To address these challenges,various techniques have been developed to aid in the repair and reconstruction of neural circuits at different stages of injury.Notably,neuromodulation has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance nerve regeneration,provide neuroprotection,restore neurons,and regulate the neural reorganization of circuits within the cerebral cortex and corticospinal tract.To improve the effectiveness of these interventions,the implementation of multitarget early interventional neuromodulation strategies,such as electrical and magnetic stimulation,is recommended to enhance functional recovery across different phases of nerve injury.This review concisely outlines the challenges encountered following spinal cord injury,synthesizes existing neurostimulation techniques while emphasizing neuroprotection,repair,and regeneration of impaired connections,and advocates for multi-targeted,task-oriented,and timely interventions.
文摘BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking recovery.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early suspension-protected training with a personal assistant machine for stroke patients enhances walking ability and prevents muscle spasms.METHODS:Thirty-two early-stage stroke patients from Shenzhen University General Hospital and the China Rehabilitation Research Center were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=16)and the control group(n=16).Both groups underwent 4 weeks of gait training under the suspension protection system for 30 minutes daily,5 days a week.The experimental group used the personal assistant machine during training.Three-dimensional gait analysis(using the Cortex motion capture system),Brunnstrom staging,Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower limb motor function,Fugl-Meyer balance function,and the modified Ashworth Scale were evaluated within 1 week before the intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the 4-week intervention,all outcome measures showed significant changes in each group.The experimental group had a small but significant increase in the modified Ashworth Scale score(P<0.05,d=|0.15|),while the control group had a large significant increase(P<0.05,d=|1.48|).The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in walking speed(16.5 to 38.44 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|4.01|),step frequency(46.44 to 64.94 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|2.32|),stride length(15.50 to 29.81 cm,P<0.05,d=|3.44|),and peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.82|to|2.17|).After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in walking speed(38.44 vs.26.63 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|2.75|),stride length,peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.31|to|1.45|),step frequency(64.94 vs.59.38 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|0.85|),and a reduced support phase(bilateral:24.31%vs.28.38%,P<0.05,d=|0.88|;non-paretic:66.19%vs.70.13%,P<0.05,d=|0.94|).For early hemiplegia,personal assistant machine-assisted gait training under the suspension protection system helps establish a correct gait pattern,prevents muscle spasms,and improves motor function.
基金MAF is supported by an NHMRC Investigator Grant(APP1194141)Research in his laboratory was supported by project grants from the NHMRC(APP1042465,APP1041760,and APP1156511).
文摘Background Obesity is a risk factor for developing cardiometabolic disease.Exercise training is pivotal in the treatment of obesity and is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality.This study examined the effect of high-fat feeding on cardiac morphology and mitochondrial function,alongside the mitigating effects of voluntary exercise training.Methods Six-week-old male C57Bl/6 J mice commenced a high fat diet(HFD)or chow diet and were randomized to receive locked(sedentary)or unlocked(voluntary exercise training(VET))running wheels at 10 weeks of age.Mice were monitored until 30 weeks of age and euthanized for collection of tissues.Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to assess body composition,and echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function.Results Compared with chow-fed animals,the HFD increased body weight and adiposity and decreased cardiolipins(CL)in the heart,which are required for maintaining adequate mitochondrial respiration.Importantly,VET reversed these effects and induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy.Cardiac mitochondrial respiratory chain analysis revealed decreased complexes II and IV activity following high fat feeding,while VET enhanced complex I activity,emphasizing the cardioprotective effect of exercise training in obesity.Conclusion This study uncovers mechanisms by which obesity and exercise impact cardiac mitochondrial health and suggests the mitochondria is a therapeutic target in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases.
文摘I was 26 the first time I travelled to China,and even now,it feels like an unexpected chapter in my life.The opportunity came out of the blue.I learned,just a month before departure,that I had been selected for a one-month professional training programme.The news ignited a wave of excitement.For nearly two weeks,I stayed up late into the night,imagining a country I had never seen,trying to picture what China might really be like,beyond the images in books,films and media.
基金Baoding Science and Technology Plan Project(Project No.:2541ZF307)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of sensory integration training combined with cognitive training in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation.Methods:A total of 120 children with mental retardation who received rehabilitation intervention in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2025 were selected and divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 60 children in each group.The control group adopted a conventional rehabilitation training program;the experimental group adopted a combined sensory integration training and cognitive training program.The sensory integration ability,cognitive function,and daily living skills of children in the two groups were compared.Results:The sensory integration ability score of the experimental group(85.3±6.2)was significantly higher than that of the control group(72.1±7.5)(p<0.05);the cognitive function score(88.7±5.8)was significantly improved compared with that of the control group(76.4±6.9)(p<0.05);the daily living skills score(90.2±4.7)was significantly higher than that of the control group(80.5±5.3)(p<0.05).The social interaction ability of the experimental group reached 92.5%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(81.3%)(p<0.05).Conclusion:Sensory integration training combined with cognitive training demonstrates favorable outcomes in the rehabilitation treatment of children with mental retardation,exhibiting a notable neurofunctional remodeling effect.It can optimize the multidimensional rehabilitation process,effectively enhance the comprehensive developmental potential of children,and hold significant clinical application value.
基金Instituto de Salud CarlosⅢCB16/10/00435(CIBERFES)(PID2022-142470OB-I00)from the Spanish Ministry of Innovation and Science+3 种基金PROMETEO(CIPROM/2022/56)de"Consellería de Educación,Universidades,y Empleo de la Generalitat Valenciana"EU Funded H2020-DIABFRAIL-LATAM(Ref:825546)Red EXERNET-RED DE EJERCICIO FISICO Y SALUD(RED2022-134800-T)Agencia Estatal de Investigacion(Ministerio de Ciencias e Innovación)funded by Generalitat Valenciana and co-financed with FEDER funds(OP FEDER of Comunitat Valenciana 2014–2020).A.G-G(FPU22/02539)and S.S-R(PREP2022-000563)received a predoctoral grant financed by the Spanish Ministry of Universities.
文摘Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in physiological function,driven by intrinsic mechanisms(primary aging)and modifiable factors(secondary aging),ultimately leading to multimorbidity,disability,and mortality.Mitochondrial dysfunction,a major hallmark of aging,plays a central role in the loss of muscle mass and strength observed in frailty and sarcopenia.With age,mitochondrial quality control processes,including biogenesis,mitophagy,and dynamics,become dysregulated,impairing energy metabolism and muscle homeostasis.Mitochondrial dysfunction correlates with clinical biomarkers of sarcopenia and frailty,such as the decrease in walking speed and muscle strength,making it a therapeutic target for mitohormesis-based strategies aimed at preserving functional capacity.Mitohormetic agents induce reversible mitochondrial stress,triggering adaptive responses that enhance function.Among these interventions,physical exercise,particularly endurance and resistance training(RT),has been reported to be among the most effective,as it may modulate mitochondrial biogenesis,dynamics,and mitophagy through increases in proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha(PGC-1α)and mitochondrial transcription factor A(TFAM)expression,mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid(mtDNA)copy number,and mitochondrial content.Chronic RT can also elevate fusion and fission markers,potentially as a compensatory mechanism to mitigate mitochondrial damage.Apart from exercise,mitohormetic compounds such as harmol and piceid are emerging as promising supplements in the aging field.By modulating mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics,they may complement lifestyle-based interventions to improve mitochondrial fitness and extend health span.
基金Project(52372370)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2023ZZTS0379)supported by the Graduate Student Independent Innovation Project of Central South University,ChinaProject(202206370058)supported by the China Scholarship Council。
文摘This paper proposes a passive control method to reduce peak values of slipstream and turbulent kinetic energy in a high-speed train wake by attaching vortex generators(VGs)onto the upper surface of the tail car.The impact of the VGs is assessed through the improved delayed detached eddy simulations(IDDES)after validating predictions against previous experimental measurements and other numerical predictions for the base case.The simulations indicate that strategically installed VGs can reduce the average slipstream velocity(U slipstream)and the upper limit of slipstream velocity(U_(slipstream,max))by~17%and~15%,respectively,as well as moving the peaks downstream by approximately train height,thus reducing the danger posed by slipstream to waiting passengers and trackside workers.Analysis shows that the wake turbulent kinetic energy diminishes as the vortex generators decelerate the downwash flow and reduce shear production in the wake.It is also found that the presence of VGs significantly impacts the flow on the upper surface near the tail by modifying the unsteady trailing longitudinal vortices through the formation of additional counter-rotating longitudinal vortices from the VGs.These latter vortices prevent the merging of vortical airflow around the trailing nose tip,which is otherwise induced by the longitudinal vortex of the train.They also reduce vortex intensity through cross-annihilation and cross diffusion as the wake advects downstream,limiting outwards advection through interaction with the image pair,and contributing to a decrease in the peak slipstream value.The method proposed offers a simple approach to wake control leading to significant slipstream benefits.
文摘The purpose of this article is to contextualize the world’s oldest art song directly associated with the railway-Travelling Song by the Russian composer Mikhail Glinka(1804-1857).The composer’s personal circumstances surrounding the creation of the song are examined,along with the historical and technical background of that era.While railways have always been associated with technological progress,new solutions for high-power engines,and the accuracy of arrival and departure timetables,the poetic and romantic side of train travel and railways in general has not yet received sufficient academic coverage.This essay is intended to partially fill this gap,though it rather outlines directions for possible development of its topical range.Each of the suggested reference points and stories is in itself an example of how the arts reflected the inspiration that cutting-edge technological advances of the period were exerting on artists,musicians,and other creative individuals.
文摘Background:This paper aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effects of resistance training(RT)performed at longer-muscle length(LML)versus shorter-muscle length(SML)on proxy measurements for longitudinal hypertrophy.Methods:We included studies that satisfied the following criteria:(1)be a resistance training intervention with a comparison of LML vs SML-RT;(2)assess both fascicle length(FL)and muscle size pre-and post-intervention;(3)involve healthy adults aged≥18 years;(4)be published in an English-language journal,and;(5)have a minimum training intervention duration of 4 weeks.Three databases were searched in February 2024(Google Scholar,PubMed/Medline,Scopus)for relevant articles,alongside'forward'and'backward'citation searching of articles included and additions via authors'personal knowledge.The results of studies were described narratively,compared,and contrasted.Eight studies met the inclusion criteria,totaling a sample size of 120.Results:Our results suggest that both muscle size and fascicle length increases may be greater following LML-RT versus SML-RT,suggesting LML-RT may lead to greater longitudinal hypertrophy than SML-RT.Notably,evidence is largely mixed;no studies to date have attempted to estimate serial sarcomere number changes from LML versus SML-RT,and all but one study used linear extrapolation methods to estimate FL,which has questionable validity.Therefore,the structural adaptations underlying hypertrophy from LML-RT remain undetermined.Conclusion:In conclusion,results suggest that LML-RT may be superior to SML-RT for inducing muscle hypertrophy and,more specifically,longitudinal growth,though evidence is mixed.
基金supported by Joint Program on Health Science&Technology Innovation of Hainan Province(WSJK2024QN093)Discipline Leader Development Program for Outstanding Talents of Hainan West Central Hospital.
文摘Objectives:Postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)exhibit low androgen expression.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vaginal androgen combined with pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)in the treatment of SUI in postmenopausal women.Methods:Postmenopausal women with SUI were recruited from Hainan West Central Hospital between January 2024 and March 2025.Participants were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive either vaginal androgen cream combined with PFMT(treatment group)or a visually identical placebo cream(without androgens)combined with PFMT(control group).The vaginal cream was applied to the vaginal wall at a dose of 0.5 g per application,twice weekly for a total of 10 applications,while PFMT was conducted for 8 weeks.The clinical efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 61 patients were finally enrolled,with 31 in the treatment group and 30 in the control group.At both 3-month and 6-month follow-ups,the treatment group demonstrated significantly lower values in daily pad usage(p<0.05),24-h pad test scores(p<0.05),and ICIQ-UI SF scores(p<0.05)compared to the control group.The improvement rate of urinary incontinence was significantly higher in the treatment group(p<0.05).Compared to baseline,the treatment group showed statistically significant reductions in all three outcome measures(all p<0.05).No severe adverse events were reported in either group during the treatment period.Conclusions:Androgen therapy combined with PFMT significantly improved the urinary incontinence remission rate in postmenopausal women with SUI,with no severe adverse effects observed.These findings suggest that androgen therapy may represent a novel therapeutic approach for SUI management in postmenopausal women.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Research and Development Program Project of China Railway Group Co.,Ltd,grant number P2024X002the China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,grant number 2024YJ154.
文摘Purpose-This study investigates the impact of flagship trains on high-speed railway capacity utilization and develops a brand value-oriented optimization framework that balances service quality enhancement with operational efficiency.Design/methodology/approach-A mathematical optimization model based on integer programming is developed,incorporating flagship train constraints into capacity optimization.Case studies compare scenarios with and without flagship train considerations using the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway data across 20 experimental groups.Findings-Operating flagship trains with hourly departure constraints results in an average decrease of 0.9 trains and an 8.4%reduction in capacity utilization rate.When scheduling 2 flagship trains within a 2-h timeframe,capacity utilization decreases from 86.43%to 83.73%,quantifying the trade-off between brand positioning and operational capacity.Originality/value-This research provides the first quantitative framework for brand value-oriented railway capacity optimization,establishing clear definitions for flagship trains and mathematical foundations for evaluating service quality versus efficiency trade-offs.The findings offer practical decision support for railway operators balancing competitive positioning with capacity maximization.
文摘BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.
文摘Background Heat shock proteins(HSPs)are key molecular chaperones that help maintain protein homeostasis by stabilizing or removing damaged proteins during cellular stress.Aging weakens these stress–response systems,disrupting proteostasis and increasing vulnerability to sarcopenia.High-intensity training(HIT)can counteract these declines by activating protective pathways such as the HSP response.HSPs are highly responsive to stress,examining their regulation during aging is important,as altered HSP activity is linked to the progressive loss of muscle mass.Methods This study investigated the abundance and phosphorylation of HSPs in skeletal muscle from healthy,active young and older adults(n=7 per group),assessed at baseline and again in the older group following 12 weeks of HIT.Using calibrated Western blotting on both whole-muscle homogenates and pooled single muscle fibres,we quantified HSP content and phosphorylation to determine how aging and exercise influence stress–responsive protein regulation at both the tissue and cellular levels.Results In whole muscle homogenates,HSPs(HSP72,HSP27,andαB-crystallin)did not differ between young and older adults,while higher phosphorylation of small HSPs(sHSPs):phospho-HSP27 at Serine15(pHSP27 Ser15)and phospho-αB-crystallin at Serine59(pαB-crystallin Ser59)(∼1.8-fold and∼2.9-fold,respectively)were found in muscle from older adults,indicating higher cellular stress associated with aging.A 12-week HIT intervention in older adults reduced homogenate pHSP27 Ser15 and pαB-crystallin Ser59 abundances to similar levels found in young adults.Total HSPs typically displayed a distinct fiber-type profile in both age groups,with more in type I compared to type II fibers,distinguished by the presence of myosin heavy chain I(MHCI)or MHCII.Phosphorylation at pHSP27 Ser15 and pαB-crystallin Ser59 was not different between type I and type II fibers.The HIT in older adults decreased total and phosphorylated sHSPs in both type I and type II fibers but increased HSP72 in type I fibers.Conclusion HIT has the potential to mitigate age-related cellular stress and modulate protein expression patterns in aging skeletal muscle and,perhaps,has the potential to delay age-related muscle decline,thereby improving muscle health in older adults.
基金Supported by the Key Special Project of“Cutting-Edge Biotechnology”in the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFC3406200)Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM202411007)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20240813152704006).
文摘Conventional surgical teaching techniques face several challenges,highlighting a necessity for ongoing innovation in ophthalmology education to align with the evolving demands of clinical practice.The recent rapid advancement of computer technology has enabled the integration of virtual reality(VR)into medical training,thereby revolutionizing ophthalmic surgical education through VRbased educational methods.VR technology offers a safe,risk-free environment for trainees to practice repeatedly,enhancing surgical skills and accelerating the learning curve without compromising patient safety.This research outlines the application of VR technology in ophthalmic surgical skills training,particularly in cataract and vitreoretinal surgery.Including assessing the effectiveness of intraocular surgery training systems,evaluating skills transfer to the operating room,comparing it with wet lab cataract surgery training,and enhancing non-dominant hand training for cataract surgery,among other aspects.Additionally,this paper will identify the limitations of VR technology in ocular surgical skills training,offer improvement strategies,and detail the advantages and prospects,with the objective of guiding subsequent researchers.
文摘When Dachung Wochen,a 35-year-old blind Tibetan,walks in the bustling streets of Lhasa,capital of the Xizang Autonomous Region,with his guide dog Fuju,people are amazed by their tacit cooperation.Fuju helps his master navigate every obstacle on the road.After spending only a year with him,he understands most of his commands in Tibetan.Dachung Wochen's journey with the four-year-old canine began in April 2024.After 28 days of professional training at the China Guide Dog Training Center in Dalian,Liaoning Province,Dachung,as he is called by friends and family,took Fuju to Xizang by air and rail.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62266054)the Major Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province(Grant No.202402AD080002)the Scientific Research Fund of the Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.2025Y0302).
文摘End-to-end Temporal Action Detection(TAD)has achieved remarkable progress in recent years,driven by innovations in model architectures and the emergence of Video Foundation Models(VFMs).However,existing TAD methods that perform full fine-tuning of pretrained video models often incur substantial computational costs,which become particularly pronounced when processing long video sequences.Moreover,the need for precise temporal boundary annotations makes data labeling extremely expensive.In low-resource settings where annotated samples are scarce,direct fine-tuning tends to cause overfitting.To address these challenges,we introduce Dynamic LowRank Adapter(DyLoRA),a lightweight fine-tuning framework tailored specifically for the TAD task.Built upon the Low-Rank Adaptation(LoRA)architecture,DyLoRA adapts only the key layers of the pretrained model via low-rank decomposition,reducing the number of trainable parameters to less than 5%of full fine-tuning methods.This significantly lowers memory consumption and mitigates overfitting in low-resource settings.Notably,DyLoRA enhances the temporal modeling capability of pretrained models by optimizing temporal dimension weights,thereby alleviating the representation misalignment of temporal features.Experimental results demonstrate that DyLoRA-TAD achieves impressive performance,with 73.9%mAP on THUMOS14,39.52%on ActivityNet-1.3,and 28.2%on Charades,substantially surpassing the best traditional feature-based methods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:52202423,U2268211,and 52475136)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.:2022M712636 and 2023T160546)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Grant No.:2025ZNSFSC0398)the Independent R&D Project of the State Key Laboratory of Traction Power(Grant No.:2023TPL-T14).
文摘Since the view that the localized rail third-order bending mode can cause high-order polygonization(mainly 18-23)of high-speed train wheels was put forward in 2017,many scholars have attempted to link a connection between the localized rail bending modes and wheel polygonization phenomenon and polygonal wheel passing frequency.This paper first establishes a flexible track model considering the structural and parametric characteristics of fasteners,verifies the model by using vehicle tracking test data,then investigates the influence of fastener parameter matching on the localized rail bending modes,and obtains the following conclusions:(1)There is nearly a 1:1 mapping relationship between the localized rail bending modal frequency and polygonal wheel passing(PWP)frequency,which supports that the localized rail bending mode is one of the causes of wheel polygonization.(2)The iron plate of the fastener system plays a role of dynamic vibration absorber in the vehicle-rail coupled system,and the fastener parameters significantly influence the localized rail bending modal vibration.Finally,this paper proposes a design principle of a high-frequency vibration-absorbing fastener,which provides a feasible solution to mitigate the localized rail bending modal vibration and high-order wheel polygonization.Meanwhile,it points out that this measure may induce other high-frequency vibration problems,e.g.,aggravating modal vibration above 800 Hz.Further,this paper proposes a concept of differentiated arrangement of fasteners,suggesting that different high-frequency vibration-absorbing fasteners be installed in different sections of the whole line to make the localized rail bending modal frequency of the whole line disordered,thus disrupting and further mitigating the development of the wheel polygonization.
文摘Safer,smarter,faster...In China,people prefer high-speed trains to flights if the journey time is under five hours.High-speed train travel is set to become even more attractive with the addition of a new member to the high-speed train family:the CR450,the world’s fastest electric multiple unit(EMU).
基金Project(U2034211)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20232ACE01013)supported by the Major Scientific and Technological Research and Development Special Project of Jiangxi Province,China。
文摘The safe driving and operation of trains is a necessary condition for ensuring the safe operation of trains.In particular,heavy-haul trains are characterized by the difficulty in driving and operation.Considering the uncertainties in train driving and operation,this paper analyzes the relationship between the safety of heavy-haul electric locomotive hauled trains and driving and operation.It studies the auxiliary intelligent driving safety operation control methods.Through K-means to identify the characteristics of drivers'driving manipulation,the hidden Markov model adaptively adjusts the train driving and operation sequence,and conducts auxiliary driving reconstruction for heavy-haul locomotive driving and operation.Based on the train running curve and the locomotive traction/braking characteristics,it smoothly controls the exertion of the traction/braking force of heavy-haul locomotives,thereby optimizing the driving safety control of heavy-haul trains in the vehicle-environment-track system.Finally,the train operation simulation and optimized driving verification are carried out by simulating some track sections.The results show that the proposed method can correct and pre-optimize driving operations,improving the smoothness of heavy-haul trains by approximately 10%.It verifies the effectiveness of the proposed train assisted driving control reconstruction method,facilitating the smooth and safe operation of heavy-haul trains.
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the clinical efficacy of core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation in the functional recovery of patients suffering from chronic low back pain.[Methods]A randomized controlled trial design was employed in this study.Ninety patients with chronic low back pain were recruited and randomly assigned to either a control group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation,or an experimental group(n=45),which received conventional rehabilitation combined with core stability training.Both groups underwent treatment for 6 weeks.Assessments were conducted using the visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),and finger-to-floor test prior to treatment,6 weeks following treatment,and during the follow-up period,respectively.[Results]Prior to treatment,no statistically significant differences were observed between the two patient groups in terms of general information and various baseline measurements(P>0.05).Following 6 weeks of treatment and throughout the follow-up period,both groups demonstrated significant improvements in VAS scores,ODI scores,and lumbar anteflexion range of motion compared to baseline measurements(P<0.05).Notably,the magnitude of improvement in the experimental group exceeded that of the control group,with this inter-group difference reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions were reported during the treatment process.[Conclusions]Core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation can significantly enhance the alleviation of pain and functional impairments in patients suffering from chronic low back pain.This approach holds valuable implications for the optimization of rehabilitation treatment protocols.
