Against the backdrop of the digital era,profound changes have taken place in the education industry.The development of information technology has affected the teaching of financial accounting majors in colleges and un...Against the backdrop of the digital era,profound changes have taken place in the education industry.The development of information technology has affected the teaching of financial accounting majors in colleges and universities.The traditional teaching mode can hardly meet the needs of talent cultivation.Therefore,in the comprehensive practical training course of financial accounting,it is necessary to attach importance to the implementation of blended teaching,effectively innovate the teaching mode,and improve the effectiveness of talent cultivation.From the perspective of the comprehensive practical training course of financial accounting in colleges and universities,this paper analyzes the application value of blended teaching and puts forward specific teaching practice strategies,aiming to enhance the educational effect of the course and provide reference for the subsequent reform of professional courses.展开更多
Objective:Transurethral resection of bladder tumor is one of the most common everyday urological procedures.This kind of surgery demands a set of skills that need training and experience.In this review,we aimed to inv...Objective:Transurethral resection of bladder tumor is one of the most common everyday urological procedures.This kind of surgery demands a set of skills that need training and experience.In this review,we aimed to investigate the current literature to find out if simulators,phantoms,and other training models could be used as a tool for teaching urologists.Methods:A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and the recommendations of the European Association of Urology guidelines for conducting systematic reviews.Fifteen out of 932 studies met our inclusion criteria and are presented in the current review.Results:The UroTrainer(Karl Storz GmbH,Tuttlingen,Germany),a virtual reality training simulator,achieved positive feedback and an excellent face and construct validity by the participants.The inspection of bladder mucosa,blood loss,tumor resection,and procedural time was improved after the training,especially for inexperienced urologists and medical students.The construct validity of UroSim®(VirtaMed,Zurich,Switzerland)was established.SIMBLA simulator(Samed GmbH,Dresden,Germany)was found to be a realistic and useful tool by experts and urologists with intermediate experience.The test objective competency model based on SIMBLA simulator could be used for evaluating urologists.The porcine model of the Asian Urological Surgery Training and Education Group also received positive feedback by the participants that tried it.The Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Initiative Project had an extraordinary face and content validity,and 60%of participants would like to use the simulators in the future.The 5-day multimodal training curriculum“Boot Camp”in the United Kingdom achieved an increase of the level of confidence of the participants that lasted months after the project.Conclusion:Simulators and courses or curricula based on a simulator training could be a valuable learning tool for any surgeon,and there is no doubt that they should be a part of every urologist's technical education.展开更多
With the rapid development of vocational education,engineering training has become a crucial course for cultivating highly skilled technical professionals,highlighting its importance.However,vocational college enginee...With the rapid development of vocational education,engineering training has become a crucial course for cultivating highly skilled technical professionals,highlighting its importance.However,vocational college engineering training courses still face numerous challenges during the actual teaching process,which affect the effectiveness of course teaching and the enhancement of students’engineering competence.This article thoroughly analyzes the main problems existing in current engineering training course teaching,focusing on four aspects:students’cognitive differences,inadequate course development,poor course adaptability,and limited teaching resources.Based on this analysis and previous research findings,targeted strategies are proposed,including enhancing students’course cognition,clarifying course positioning,improving course adaptability,and optimizing the allocation of teaching resources.Furthermore,this article preliminarily verifies the effectiveness of some reform strategies through a small-scale teaching experiment.This study aims to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for enhancing the teaching quality of vocational college engineering training courses.展开更多
Vocational education plays a vital role in the development of skilled technical professionals and the advancement of the economy.However,the emphasis on campus education often neglects the importance of external train...Vocational education plays a vital role in the development of skilled technical professionals and the advancement of the economy.However,the emphasis on campus education often neglects the importance of external training,hindering the overall development of vocational education.This study aims to address this issue by exploring the design and development of small modular courses that integrate training and education in vocational colleges,focusing on the mechanics course as a case study.The research methods employed in this study include an in-depth analysis of enterprise training needs,the development of digital teaching resources utilizing the finite element method(FEM),and the implementation of a small modular course integrating education and training.The data analysis reveals positive outcomes in terms of learners’comprehension and engagement with complex mechanics formulas through the use of stress nephograms and other digital resources.This research provides a new perspective on curriculum design and offers insights into the integration of training and education in vocational colleges.The findings underscore the significance of incorporating innovative teaching methodologies and digital resources in enhancing the quality and relevance of vocational education,ultimately contributing to the cultivation of skilled professionals and the growth of the vocational education sector.展开更多
软测量技术为工业过程中重要变量及难测变量的预测提供了一个有效的解决办法。然而,由于工业过程的复杂化和高昂的数据获取成本,使得标记数据与未标记数据分布不平衡。此时,构建高性能的软测量模型成为一个挑战。针对这一问题,提出了一...软测量技术为工业过程中重要变量及难测变量的预测提供了一个有效的解决办法。然而,由于工业过程的复杂化和高昂的数据获取成本,使得标记数据与未标记数据分布不平衡。此时,构建高性能的软测量模型成为一个挑战。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于时差的多输出tri-training异构软测量方法。通过构建一种新的tri-training框架,采用多输出的高斯过程回归(multi-output Gaussian process regression,MGPR)、相关向量机(multi-output relevance vector machine,MRVM)、最小二乘支持向量机(multi-output least squares support vector machine,MLSSVM)三种模型作为基线监督回归器,使用标记数据进行训练和迭代;同时,引入时间差分(time difference,TD)改进模型的动态特性,并通过卡尔曼滤波(Kalman filtering,KF)优化模型的参数,提高其预测性能;最后通过模拟污水处理平台(benchmark simulation model 1,BSM1)和实际污水处理厂对该模型进行了验证。结果表明,与传统的软测量建模方法相比,该模型能显著提高数据分布不平衡下软测量模型的自适应性和预测性能。展开更多
BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty and depression are prevalent among the elderly,significantly impairing physical and cognitive functions,psychological well-being,and quality of life.Effective interventions are essential t...BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty and depression are prevalent among the elderly,significantly impairing physical and cognitive functions,psychological well-being,and quality of life.Effective interventions are essential to mitigate these adverse effects and enhance overall health outcomes in this population.AIM To evaluate the effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on frailty,cognitive function,psychological status,and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 130 patients with cognitive frailty and depression admitted between December 2021 and December 2023.Patients were divided into a control group receiving routine intervention and an observation group undergoing exercise-cognitive dual-task training in addition to routine care.Frailty,cognitive function,balance and gait,psychological status,and quality of life were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS After the intervention,the frailty score of the observation group was(5.32±0.69),lower than that of the control group(5.71±0.55).The Montreal cognitive assessment basic scale score in the observation group was(24.06±0.99),higher than the control group(23.43±1.40).The performance oriented mobility assessment score in the observation group was(21.81±1.24),higher than the control group(21.15±1.26).The self-efficacy in the observation group was(28.27±2.66),higher than the control group(30.05±2.66).The anxiety score in the hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)for the observation group was(5.86±0.68),lower than the control group(6.21±0.64).The depression score in the HADS for the observation group was(5.67±0.75),lower than the control group(6.27±0.92).Additionally,the scores for each dimension of the 36-item short form survey in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Exercise-cognitive dual-task training is beneficial for improving frailty,enhancing cognitive function,and improving psychological status and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.展开更多
University courses should have both breadth and depth.However,most courses in universities only focus on the breadth construction,while neglecting the depth construction,resulting in students being unable to apply the...University courses should have both breadth and depth.However,most courses in universities only focus on the breadth construction,while neglecting the depth construction,resulting in students being unable to apply the knowledge they have learned to conduct research or solve real-world application problems.The students’high-level abilities are insufficient and not well-trained.Therefore,in this paper,we propose a T-structured course design method to ensure both breadth and depth of a course.The proposed T-structured course design method includes four aspects:T-structured course contents,T-structured teaching activities,T-structured examination formats,and T-structured homework difficulty.By applying our proposed T-structured course design strategy to the course Optimization Algorithms and Intelligent Computing,good results are achieved,demonstrating the applicability of our proposed strategy.展开更多
Exercise is a therapeutic approach in cancer treatment,providing several benefits.Moreover,exercise is associated with a reduced risk for developing a range of cancers and for their recurrence,as well as with improvin...Exercise is a therapeutic approach in cancer treatment,providing several benefits.Moreover,exercise is associated with a reduced risk for developing a range of cancers and for their recurrence,as well as with improving survival,even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Preclinical and clinical evidence shows that the acute effects of a single exercise session can suppress the growth of various cancer cell lines in vitro.This suppression is potentially due to altered concentrations of hormones(e.g.,insulin)and cytokines(e.g.,tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6)after exercise.These factors,known to be involved in tumorigenesis,may explain why exercise is associated with reduced cancer incidence,recurrence,and mortality.However,the effects of short-(<8 weeks)and long-term(≥8 weeks)exercise programs on cancer cells have been reported with mixed results.Although more research is needed,it appears that interventions incorporating both exercise and diet seem to have greater inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth in both apparently healthy subjects as well as in cancer patients.Although speculative,these suppressive effects on cancer cells may be driven by changes in body weight and composition as well as by a reduction in low-grade inflammation often associated with sedentary behavior,low muscle mass,and excess fat mass in cancer patients.Taken together,such interventions could alter the systemic levels of suppressive circulating factors,leading to a less favorable environment for tumorigenesis.While regular exercise and a healthy diet may establish a more cancer-suppressive environment,each acute bout of exercise provides a further“dose”of anticancer medicine.Therefore,integrating regular exercise could potentially play a significant role in cancer management,highlighting the need for future investigations in this promising area of research.展开更多
Standardized residency training programs primarily focus on developing clinical diagnostic and treatment skills,often allocating limited time to research activities.However,enhancing research skills is of paramount im...Standardized residency training programs primarily focus on developing clinical diagnostic and treatment skills,often allocating limited time to research activities.However,enhancing research skills is of paramount importance for residents,as it fosters critical thinking,problem-solving abilities,and a deeper understanding of applying scientific principles to clinical practice.This paper explores the necessity and significance of integrating research training into residency programs,emphasizing its role in cultivating well-rounded physicians capable of advancing medical knowledge.This study proposes a competency-based research training model that encompasses research literacy,study design,biostatistics,and scientific writing.Additionally,online asynchronous training modules,robust mentorship,and balanced time management strategies are recommended to enhance residents’research engagement without compromising clinical training.By implementing these measures,residency programs can improve residents’research capabilities,contributing to both individual professional growth and the broader advancement of medical science.展开更多
This paper deeply analyzes the characteristics of core courses of the traffic engineering specialty and the problems existing in traditional assessment methods,and proposes a series of reform measures for the assessme...This paper deeply analyzes the characteristics of core courses of the traffic engineering specialty and the problems existing in traditional assessment methods,and proposes a series of reform measures for the assessment methods of core courses of the traffic engineering specialty.By introducing diversified assessment methods,focusing on process assessment,and strengthening the assessment of practical abilities,the aim is to improve students’learning enthusiasm and initiative,and cultivate students’innovation ability and practical ability to meet the needs of traffic engineering professionals in the new era.展开更多
Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by ...Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by the Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.展开更多
Purpose We aimed to determine:(a)the chronic effects of interval training(IT)combined with blood flow restriction(BFR)on physiological adaptations(aerobic/anaerobic capacity and muscle responses)and performance enhanc...Purpose We aimed to determine:(a)the chronic effects of interval training(IT)combined with blood flow restriction(BFR)on physiological adaptations(aerobic/anaerobic capacity and muscle responses)and performance enhancement(endurance and sprints),and(b)the influence of participant characteristics and intervention protocols on these effects.Methods Searches were conducted in PubMed,Web of Science(Core Collection),Cochrane Library(Embase,ClinicalTrials.gov,and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform),and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure on April 2,with updates on October 17,2024.Pooled effects for each outcome were summarized using Hedge's g(g)through meta-analysis-based random effects models,and subgroup and regression analyses were used to explore moderators.Results A total of 24 studies with 621 participants were included.IT combined with BFR(IT+BFR)significantly improved maximal oxygen uptake(VO2_(max))(g=0.63,I^(2)=63%),mean power during the Wingate 30-s test(g=0.70,I^(2)=47%),muscle strength(g=0.88,I^(2)=64%),muscle endurance(g=0.43,I^(2)=0%),time to fatigue(g=1.26,I^(2)=86%),and maximal aerobic speed(g=0.74,I^(2)=0%)compared to IT alone.Subgroup analysis indicated that participant characteristics including training status,IT intensity,and IT modes significantly moderated VO2_(max)(subgroup differences:p<0.05).Specifically,IT+BFR showed significantly superior improvements in VO2_(max)compared to IT alone in trained individuals(g=0.76)at supra-maximal intensity(g=1.29)and moderate intensity(g=1.08)as well as in walking(g=1.64)and running(g=0.63)modes.Meta-regression analysis showed cuff width(β=0.14)was significantly associated with VO2_(max)change,identifying 8.23 cm as the minimum threshold required for significant improvement.Subgroup analyses regarding muscle strength did not reveal any significant moderators.Conclusion IT+BFR enhances physiological adaptations and optimizes aspects of endurance performance,with moderators including training status,IT protocol(intensity,mode,and type),and cuff width.This intervention addresses various IT-related challenges and provides tailored protocols and benefits for diverse populations.展开更多
This paper reports a case of cerebral stem infarction with quadriplegia and complete dependence on daily life.The course of the disease lasted more than 7 months.Frenchay's improved articulation Disorder Assessmen...This paper reports a case of cerebral stem infarction with quadriplegia and complete dependence on daily life.The course of the disease lasted more than 7 months.Frenchay's improved articulation Disorder Assessment Form has been assessed as severe articulation disorder.The patient has significantly improved his speech function and quality of life after systematic head control training,respiratory function training,articulation motor training,and articulation training.In the course of treatment,emphasis was placed on head postural control training and respiratory function training,and emphasis was placed on the strength and coordination training of articulatory organs,and the results were remarkable.After the patient was discharged from the hospital,the follow-up of basic daily life communication was not limited.展开更多
Ideological and political education in courses is an important task of higher education in the new era.As a crucial part of higher education,foreign language teaching needs to actively explore effective integration wi...Ideological and political education in courses is an important task of higher education in the new era.As a crucial part of higher education,foreign language teaching needs to actively explore effective integration with ideological and political education in courses.The AVIVA teaching model,a student-centered teaching model,provides new ideas for foreign language teaching.Based on an analysis of the current situation of foreign language courses in application-oriented universities,this article discusses the application strategies of the AVIVA teaching model from the perspective of ideological and political education in courses.Through specific teaching practice cases,it demonstrates the effectiveness of this model in improving students’foreign language proficiency and ideological and political literacy,providing a reference for the reform of foreign language teaching in application-oriented universities.展开更多
Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by ...Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by the Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.展开更多
Background Schizophrenia is characterised by pervasive cognitive deficits that significantly impair daily functioning and quality of life.Pharmacological treatments have limited efficacy in addressing these deficits,h...Background Schizophrenia is characterised by pervasive cognitive deficits that significantly impair daily functioning and quality of life.Pharmacological treatments have limited efficacy in addressing these deficits,highlighting the need for adjunctive interventions like computerised cognitive training(CCT).Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 30-session CCT programme on mental well-being and cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia.Additionally,it assessed the usability and acceptability of CCT in this population.Methods A double-blind,randomised clinical trial was conducted with 54 participants assigned to intervention and control groups.Cognitive and mental health outcomes were assessed using validated tools such as the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21,the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery.Usability was measured with the System Usability Scale(SUS).Assessments were conducted at baseline,post-intervention and 3 months post-follow-up.Results The CCT intervention significantly improved mental well-being,reduced stress and enhanced working memory(paired associate learning,spatial working memory and spatial span)compared with controls.However,no significant effects were observed for anxiety,depression or executive function.Usability scores were high(SUS=83.51),and compliance rates were strong(92.7%),indicating favourable participant engagement.Conclusion CCT demonstrated potential as an adjunctive treatment for schizophrenia,with significant improvements in targeted cognitive and mental health domains.The high usability and compliance rates support its feasibility for broader implementation.Further research is needed to optimise protocols and explore long-term benefits.CCT offers a promising approach to addressing mental health and cognitive challenges in schizophrenia,particularly for stress and working memory.Its usability and acceptability suggest it could be seamlessly integrated into clinical practice.展开更多
Research on ideological and political education in public basic courses of colleges and universities has been recognized as a crucial means of enhancing the quality of higher education and promoting the comprehensive ...Research on ideological and political education in public basic courses of colleges and universities has been recognized as a crucial means of enhancing the quality of higher education and promoting the comprehensive development of students.By constructing an implementation framework for ideological and political education based on the“integrated core and three wings”model,this study explores the multi-classroom integration approach under the“characteristic wing,”in which ideological and political education is embedded into public basic courses.The objective is to improve students’ideological and political qualities,fostering their development as socialist builders and successors with well-rounded growth in morality,intelligence,physique,aesthetics,and labor.The practical foundation of the research is first analyzed,followed by an elaboration on the implementation method of the“integrated core and three wings”approach in ideological and political education within public basic courses.Reflections on the implementation process of multi-classroom ideological and political education are provided,along with suggestions for improvement.展开更多
In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operati...In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operations.However,several challenges have emerged within the high-speed railway dispatching and command system,including the heavy workload faced by dispatchers,the difficulty of quantifying subjective expertise,and the need for effective training of professionals.Amid the growing application of artificial intelligence technologies in railway systems,this study leverages Large Language Model(LLM)technology.LLMs bring enhanced intelligence,predictive capabilities,robust memory,and adaptability to diverse real-world scenarios.This study proposes a human-computer interactive intelligent scheduling auxiliary training system built on LLM technology.The system offers capabilities including natural dialogue,knowledge reasoning,and human feedback learning.With broad applicability,the system is suitable for vocational education,guided inquiry,knowledge-based Q&A,and other training scenarios.Validation results demonstrate its effectiveness in auxiliary training,providing substantial support for educators,students,and dispatching personnel in colleges and professional settings.展开更多
With the economic and social development of the country,vocational education is playing an increasingly significant role in cultivating highly skilled talents.However,the mechanical drawing courses in vocational colle...With the economic and social development of the country,vocational education is playing an increasingly significant role in cultivating highly skilled talents.However,the mechanical drawing courses in vocational colleges still face numerous challenges in the teaching process,such as outdated textbook content,inadequate practical resources,weak teaching staff,and low student interest.This paper aims to explore these issues and propose corresponding coping strategies.The findings of this study not only provide specific improvement suggestions for vocational colleges but also emphasize the importance of these strategies in enhancing students’comprehensive abilities and promoting the development of vocational education.By addressing these challenges,this paper contributes to the enhancement of teaching quality and the overall advancement of vocational skills education.展开更多
文摘Against the backdrop of the digital era,profound changes have taken place in the education industry.The development of information technology has affected the teaching of financial accounting majors in colleges and universities.The traditional teaching mode can hardly meet the needs of talent cultivation.Therefore,in the comprehensive practical training course of financial accounting,it is necessary to attach importance to the implementation of blended teaching,effectively innovate the teaching mode,and improve the effectiveness of talent cultivation.From the perspective of the comprehensive practical training course of financial accounting in colleges and universities,this paper analyzes the application value of blended teaching and puts forward specific teaching practice strategies,aiming to enhance the educational effect of the course and provide reference for the subsequent reform of professional courses.
文摘Objective:Transurethral resection of bladder tumor is one of the most common everyday urological procedures.This kind of surgery demands a set of skills that need training and experience.In this review,we aimed to investigate the current literature to find out if simulators,phantoms,and other training models could be used as a tool for teaching urologists.Methods:A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and the recommendations of the European Association of Urology guidelines for conducting systematic reviews.Fifteen out of 932 studies met our inclusion criteria and are presented in the current review.Results:The UroTrainer(Karl Storz GmbH,Tuttlingen,Germany),a virtual reality training simulator,achieved positive feedback and an excellent face and construct validity by the participants.The inspection of bladder mucosa,blood loss,tumor resection,and procedural time was improved after the training,especially for inexperienced urologists and medical students.The construct validity of UroSim®(VirtaMed,Zurich,Switzerland)was established.SIMBLA simulator(Samed GmbH,Dresden,Germany)was found to be a realistic and useful tool by experts and urologists with intermediate experience.The test objective competency model based on SIMBLA simulator could be used for evaluating urologists.The porcine model of the Asian Urological Surgery Training and Education Group also received positive feedback by the participants that tried it.The Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Initiative Project had an extraordinary face and content validity,and 60%of participants would like to use the simulators in the future.The 5-day multimodal training curriculum“Boot Camp”in the United Kingdom achieved an increase of the level of confidence of the participants that lasted months after the project.Conclusion:Simulators and courses or curricula based on a simulator training could be a valuable learning tool for any surgeon,and there is no doubt that they should be a part of every urologist's technical education.
基金Science and Technology Project of Beijing Polytechnic(Project leader:Yueyi Li,Project number:2024X016-SXY)。
文摘With the rapid development of vocational education,engineering training has become a crucial course for cultivating highly skilled technical professionals,highlighting its importance.However,vocational college engineering training courses still face numerous challenges during the actual teaching process,which affect the effectiveness of course teaching and the enhancement of students’engineering competence.This article thoroughly analyzes the main problems existing in current engineering training course teaching,focusing on four aspects:students’cognitive differences,inadequate course development,poor course adaptability,and limited teaching resources.Based on this analysis and previous research findings,targeted strategies are proposed,including enhancing students’course cognition,clarifying course positioning,improving course adaptability,and optimizing the allocation of teaching resources.Furthermore,this article preliminarily verifies the effectiveness of some reform strategies through a small-scale teaching experiment.This study aims to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for enhancing the teaching quality of vocational college engineering training courses.
基金General Project of the 13th Five Year Plan for Education Science in Beijing in 2020“Key Elements of Vocational Education and Training System Construction in Higher Vocational Colleges”(Grant No.CCDB2020135)。
文摘Vocational education plays a vital role in the development of skilled technical professionals and the advancement of the economy.However,the emphasis on campus education often neglects the importance of external training,hindering the overall development of vocational education.This study aims to address this issue by exploring the design and development of small modular courses that integrate training and education in vocational colleges,focusing on the mechanics course as a case study.The research methods employed in this study include an in-depth analysis of enterprise training needs,the development of digital teaching resources utilizing the finite element method(FEM),and the implementation of a small modular course integrating education and training.The data analysis reveals positive outcomes in terms of learners’comprehension and engagement with complex mechanics formulas through the use of stress nephograms and other digital resources.This research provides a new perspective on curriculum design and offers insights into the integration of training and education in vocational colleges.The findings underscore the significance of incorporating innovative teaching methodologies and digital resources in enhancing the quality and relevance of vocational education,ultimately contributing to the cultivation of skilled professionals and the growth of the vocational education sector.
文摘软测量技术为工业过程中重要变量及难测变量的预测提供了一个有效的解决办法。然而,由于工业过程的复杂化和高昂的数据获取成本,使得标记数据与未标记数据分布不平衡。此时,构建高性能的软测量模型成为一个挑战。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于时差的多输出tri-training异构软测量方法。通过构建一种新的tri-training框架,采用多输出的高斯过程回归(multi-output Gaussian process regression,MGPR)、相关向量机(multi-output relevance vector machine,MRVM)、最小二乘支持向量机(multi-output least squares support vector machine,MLSSVM)三种模型作为基线监督回归器,使用标记数据进行训练和迭代;同时,引入时间差分(time difference,TD)改进模型的动态特性,并通过卡尔曼滤波(Kalman filtering,KF)优化模型的参数,提高其预测性能;最后通过模拟污水处理平台(benchmark simulation model 1,BSM1)和实际污水处理厂对该模型进行了验证。结果表明,与传统的软测量建模方法相比,该模型能显著提高数据分布不平衡下软测量模型的自适应性和预测性能。
文摘BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty and depression are prevalent among the elderly,significantly impairing physical and cognitive functions,psychological well-being,and quality of life.Effective interventions are essential to mitigate these adverse effects and enhance overall health outcomes in this population.AIM To evaluate the effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on frailty,cognitive function,psychological status,and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 130 patients with cognitive frailty and depression admitted between December 2021 and December 2023.Patients were divided into a control group receiving routine intervention and an observation group undergoing exercise-cognitive dual-task training in addition to routine care.Frailty,cognitive function,balance and gait,psychological status,and quality of life were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS After the intervention,the frailty score of the observation group was(5.32±0.69),lower than that of the control group(5.71±0.55).The Montreal cognitive assessment basic scale score in the observation group was(24.06±0.99),higher than the control group(23.43±1.40).The performance oriented mobility assessment score in the observation group was(21.81±1.24),higher than the control group(21.15±1.26).The self-efficacy in the observation group was(28.27±2.66),higher than the control group(30.05±2.66).The anxiety score in the hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)for the observation group was(5.86±0.68),lower than the control group(6.21±0.64).The depression score in the HADS for the observation group was(5.67±0.75),lower than the control group(6.27±0.92).Additionally,the scores for each dimension of the 36-item short form survey in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Exercise-cognitive dual-task training is beneficial for improving frailty,enhancing cognitive function,and improving psychological status and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.
基金supported in part by the fund of 2023 Guangdong Province Science and Technology Innovation Strategy Special Project“Construction of Industrial Data and Intelligent Application Innovation Platform”(2023A011),2024 Shanwei New Generation Electronic Information Industry Talent Revitalization Plan,and the project“Research on the Impact and Countermeasures of Large Scale Charging Facility Access on Guangdong Power Grid Planning and Construction.”。
文摘University courses should have both breadth and depth.However,most courses in universities only focus on the breadth construction,while neglecting the depth construction,resulting in students being unable to apply the knowledge they have learned to conduct research or solve real-world application problems.The students’high-level abilities are insufficient and not well-trained.Therefore,in this paper,we propose a T-structured course design method to ensure both breadth and depth of a course.The proposed T-structured course design method includes four aspects:T-structured course contents,T-structured teaching activities,T-structured examination formats,and T-structured homework difficulty.By applying our proposed T-structured course design strategy to the course Optimization Algorithms and Intelligent Computing,good results are achieved,demonstrating the applicability of our proposed strategy.
文摘Exercise is a therapeutic approach in cancer treatment,providing several benefits.Moreover,exercise is associated with a reduced risk for developing a range of cancers and for their recurrence,as well as with improving survival,even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Preclinical and clinical evidence shows that the acute effects of a single exercise session can suppress the growth of various cancer cell lines in vitro.This suppression is potentially due to altered concentrations of hormones(e.g.,insulin)and cytokines(e.g.,tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6)after exercise.These factors,known to be involved in tumorigenesis,may explain why exercise is associated with reduced cancer incidence,recurrence,and mortality.However,the effects of short-(<8 weeks)and long-term(≥8 weeks)exercise programs on cancer cells have been reported with mixed results.Although more research is needed,it appears that interventions incorporating both exercise and diet seem to have greater inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth in both apparently healthy subjects as well as in cancer patients.Although speculative,these suppressive effects on cancer cells may be driven by changes in body weight and composition as well as by a reduction in low-grade inflammation often associated with sedentary behavior,low muscle mass,and excess fat mass in cancer patients.Taken together,such interventions could alter the systemic levels of suppressive circulating factors,leading to a less favorable environment for tumorigenesis.While regular exercise and a healthy diet may establish a more cancer-suppressive environment,each acute bout of exercise provides a further“dose”of anticancer medicine.Therefore,integrating regular exercise could potentially play a significant role in cancer management,highlighting the need for future investigations in this promising area of research.
基金Research on the Construction of a Course Ideological and Political Education System and Evaluation Framework for the“Traditional Chinese Medicine Internal Medicine”Course(Project No.:2025J0459)Open Research Fund Program of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese(Project No.:CWCD2023-002,CWCD2023-003&CWCD2023-009)+2 种基金Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and TreatmentYunnan 047 Key Laboratory of Yi Dai Medicine and Yi Medicine(Project No.:2024SS24047)Yunnan 025 Key Laboratory of Yi Dai Medicine and Yi Medicine(Project No.:2024SS24025)。
文摘Standardized residency training programs primarily focus on developing clinical diagnostic and treatment skills,often allocating limited time to research activities.However,enhancing research skills is of paramount importance for residents,as it fosters critical thinking,problem-solving abilities,and a deeper understanding of applying scientific principles to clinical practice.This paper explores the necessity and significance of integrating research training into residency programs,emphasizing its role in cultivating well-rounded physicians capable of advancing medical knowledge.This study proposes a competency-based research training model that encompasses research literacy,study design,biostatistics,and scientific writing.Additionally,online asynchronous training modules,robust mentorship,and balanced time management strategies are recommended to enhance residents’research engagement without compromising clinical training.By implementing these measures,residency programs can improve residents’research capabilities,contributing to both individual professional growth and the broader advancement of medical science.
基金Key Project of Educational Science of China Association for Transportation Education and Research(Class B)(JT2024ZD077)。
文摘This paper deeply analyzes the characteristics of core courses of the traffic engineering specialty and the problems existing in traditional assessment methods,and proposes a series of reform measures for the assessment methods of core courses of the traffic engineering specialty.By introducing diversified assessment methods,focusing on process assessment,and strengthening the assessment of practical abilities,the aim is to improve students’learning enthusiasm and initiative,and cultivate students’innovation ability and practical ability to meet the needs of traffic engineering professionals in the new era.
文摘Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by the Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.
文摘Purpose We aimed to determine:(a)the chronic effects of interval training(IT)combined with blood flow restriction(BFR)on physiological adaptations(aerobic/anaerobic capacity and muscle responses)and performance enhancement(endurance and sprints),and(b)the influence of participant characteristics and intervention protocols on these effects.Methods Searches were conducted in PubMed,Web of Science(Core Collection),Cochrane Library(Embase,ClinicalTrials.gov,and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform),and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure on April 2,with updates on October 17,2024.Pooled effects for each outcome were summarized using Hedge's g(g)through meta-analysis-based random effects models,and subgroup and regression analyses were used to explore moderators.Results A total of 24 studies with 621 participants were included.IT combined with BFR(IT+BFR)significantly improved maximal oxygen uptake(VO2_(max))(g=0.63,I^(2)=63%),mean power during the Wingate 30-s test(g=0.70,I^(2)=47%),muscle strength(g=0.88,I^(2)=64%),muscle endurance(g=0.43,I^(2)=0%),time to fatigue(g=1.26,I^(2)=86%),and maximal aerobic speed(g=0.74,I^(2)=0%)compared to IT alone.Subgroup analysis indicated that participant characteristics including training status,IT intensity,and IT modes significantly moderated VO2_(max)(subgroup differences:p<0.05).Specifically,IT+BFR showed significantly superior improvements in VO2_(max)compared to IT alone in trained individuals(g=0.76)at supra-maximal intensity(g=1.29)and moderate intensity(g=1.08)as well as in walking(g=1.64)and running(g=0.63)modes.Meta-regression analysis showed cuff width(β=0.14)was significantly associated with VO2_(max)change,identifying 8.23 cm as the minimum threshold required for significant improvement.Subgroup analyses regarding muscle strength did not reveal any significant moderators.Conclusion IT+BFR enhances physiological adaptations and optimizes aspects of endurance performance,with moderators including training status,IT protocol(intensity,mode,and type),and cuff width.This intervention addresses various IT-related challenges and provides tailored protocols and benefits for diverse populations.
基金Teaching and Research Project of Anhui Urban Management Vocational College(Project No.:2024kfkc001)。
文摘This paper reports a case of cerebral stem infarction with quadriplegia and complete dependence on daily life.The course of the disease lasted more than 7 months.Frenchay's improved articulation Disorder Assessment Form has been assessed as severe articulation disorder.The patient has significantly improved his speech function and quality of life after systematic head control training,respiratory function training,articulation motor training,and articulation training.In the course of treatment,emphasis was placed on head postural control training and respiratory function training,and emphasis was placed on the strength and coordination training of articulatory organs,and the results were remarkable.After the patient was discharged from the hospital,the follow-up of basic daily life communication was not limited.
基金Research on the Path of Digital Empowerment for the Construction of Ideological and Political Education in Foreign Language Courses in Application-Oriented Undergraduate Universities(Project No.:cqgj23173C)Key University-Level Teaching Reform Project of 2024 of Chongqing Yitong University,“Exploration and Practice of the AVIVA Teaching Model in German Courses of Application-Oriented Universities from the Perspective of Ideological and Political Education in Courses”(Project No.:24JG209)。
文摘Ideological and political education in courses is an important task of higher education in the new era.As a crucial part of higher education,foreign language teaching needs to actively explore effective integration with ideological and political education in courses.The AVIVA teaching model,a student-centered teaching model,provides new ideas for foreign language teaching.Based on an analysis of the current situation of foreign language courses in application-oriented universities,this article discusses the application strategies of the AVIVA teaching model from the perspective of ideological and political education in courses.Through specific teaching practice cases,it demonstrates the effectiveness of this model in improving students’foreign language proficiency and ideological and political literacy,providing a reference for the reform of foreign language teaching in application-oriented universities.
文摘Announcements for this section should be submitted in the correct format at least 3 months before the required date of publication.This list is provided as a service to readers;inclusion does not imply endorsement by the Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.
基金supported by a grant from University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences for the research expenses.
文摘Background Schizophrenia is characterised by pervasive cognitive deficits that significantly impair daily functioning and quality of life.Pharmacological treatments have limited efficacy in addressing these deficits,highlighting the need for adjunctive interventions like computerised cognitive training(CCT).Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 30-session CCT programme on mental well-being and cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia.Additionally,it assessed the usability and acceptability of CCT in this population.Methods A double-blind,randomised clinical trial was conducted with 54 participants assigned to intervention and control groups.Cognitive and mental health outcomes were assessed using validated tools such as the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21,the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery.Usability was measured with the System Usability Scale(SUS).Assessments were conducted at baseline,post-intervention and 3 months post-follow-up.Results The CCT intervention significantly improved mental well-being,reduced stress and enhanced working memory(paired associate learning,spatial working memory and spatial span)compared with controls.However,no significant effects were observed for anxiety,depression or executive function.Usability scores were high(SUS=83.51),and compliance rates were strong(92.7%),indicating favourable participant engagement.Conclusion CCT demonstrated potential as an adjunctive treatment for schizophrenia,with significant improvements in targeted cognitive and mental health domains.The high usability and compliance rates support its feasibility for broader implementation.Further research is needed to optimise protocols and explore long-term benefits.CCT offers a promising approach to addressing mental health and cognitive challenges in schizophrenia,particularly for stress and working memory.Its usability and acceptability suggest it could be seamlessly integrated into clinical practice.
基金2023 Development Research Project of Jiangsu University Jingjiang College“Research on the Implementation Paths of Ideological and Political Education in Physical Education Courses at Application-Oriented Undergraduate Universities”(2023JGYB006)。
文摘Research on ideological and political education in public basic courses of colleges and universities has been recognized as a crucial means of enhancing the quality of higher education and promoting the comprehensive development of students.By constructing an implementation framework for ideological and political education based on the“integrated core and three wings”model,this study explores the multi-classroom integration approach under the“characteristic wing,”in which ideological and political education is embedded into public basic courses.The objective is to improve students’ideological and political qualities,fostering their development as socialist builders and successors with well-rounded growth in morality,intelligence,physique,aesthetics,and labor.The practical foundation of the research is first analyzed,followed by an elaboration on the implementation method of the“integrated core and three wings”approach in ideological and political education within public basic courses.Reflections on the implementation process of multi-classroom ideological and political education are provided,along with suggestions for improvement.
基金the Talent Fund of Beijing Jiaotong University(Grant No.2024XKRC055).
文摘In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operations.However,several challenges have emerged within the high-speed railway dispatching and command system,including the heavy workload faced by dispatchers,the difficulty of quantifying subjective expertise,and the need for effective training of professionals.Amid the growing application of artificial intelligence technologies in railway systems,this study leverages Large Language Model(LLM)technology.LLMs bring enhanced intelligence,predictive capabilities,robust memory,and adaptability to diverse real-world scenarios.This study proposes a human-computer interactive intelligent scheduling auxiliary training system built on LLM technology.The system offers capabilities including natural dialogue,knowledge reasoning,and human feedback learning.With broad applicability,the system is suitable for vocational education,guided inquiry,knowledge-based Q&A,and other training scenarios.Validation results demonstrate its effectiveness in auxiliary training,providing substantial support for educators,students,and dispatching personnel in colleges and professional settings.
基金support from the Science and Technology Key Project of Beijing Polytechnic(Project Leader:Jinru Ma,No.2024X008-KXZ).
文摘With the economic and social development of the country,vocational education is playing an increasingly significant role in cultivating highly skilled talents.However,the mechanical drawing courses in vocational colleges still face numerous challenges in the teaching process,such as outdated textbook content,inadequate practical resources,weak teaching staff,and low student interest.This paper aims to explore these issues and propose corresponding coping strategies.The findings of this study not only provide specific improvement suggestions for vocational colleges but also emphasize the importance of these strategies in enhancing students’comprehensive abilities and promoting the development of vocational education.By addressing these challenges,this paper contributes to the enhancement of teaching quality and the overall advancement of vocational skills education.
