This study examines on badminton players following anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)surgery.It analyses the risk factors in badminton that may cause re-injury to the knee joint,such as sports postures and exercise inten...This study examines on badminton players following anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)surgery.It analyses the risk factors in badminton that may cause re-injury to the knee joint,such as sports postures and exercise intensity.Scientific and reasonable sports protection measures and training plans are formulated,including correcting sports postures and reasonably controlling exercise intensity and frequency.Rehabilitation training is carried out in stages,and the training intensity and frequency are gradually adjusted according to the recovery situation.Through scientific protection and training,the risk of re-injury to athletes can be reduced,and they can be helped to restore their best sports conditions.At the same time,future research directions are prospected,covering personalized rehabilitation programs,application of new technologies,and research on psychological factors.展开更多
The slogan of“Combination of medicine and engineering”proposed in“Made in China 2025”has aroused great attention to higher engineering education.However,it is a difficult problem and challenge for schools and educ...The slogan of“Combination of medicine and engineering”proposed in“Made in China 2025”has aroused great attention to higher engineering education.However,it is a difficult problem and challenge for schools and educators to effectively adapt to the economic and social development,train new medical and engineering talents,and explore and cultivate new subject growth points.In order to deal with engineering change and a new round of scientific and technological revolution,facing the challenge of new engineering construction.This paper will combine the reality and characteristics of colleges and universities,analyze the problems existing in the current medical engineering cross-graduate training,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the progress and development of science and technology in colleges and universities.展开更多
The article presents wide experience in controlling athletic training aimed at preparation of the Russian national teams for major international competitions. Experimental part of the study has been carried out in the...The article presents wide experience in controlling athletic training aimed at preparation of the Russian national teams for major international competitions. Experimental part of the study has been carried out in the course of training camps and competitions since 2010. Forty Russian national teams in 15 winter and 3 summer Olympic sports participated in the research. Theoretical concepts set forth in the works of Anthony Stafford Beer made a basis of a system of control and management developed for the Russian national winter sports teams. In particular, a five-level system was applied to control athletic training. The authors point out that a system of control over athletic training in elite sport teams should take into account a few important issues： （1） each sport, team and athlete has distinctive features; （2） various aspects of athletic training and their interrelation must be aimed at raising effectiveness of training according to individual training plans; （3） coaches and sport managers must be provided with real-time information necessary for development of long-term and short-term training plans and their timely correction.展开更多
The train plan of urban rail transit under multi-routing mode can be divided into three parts： train formation, train operation periods and corresponding train counts of each routing in each period. Based on the anal...The train plan of urban rail transit under multi-routing mode can be divided into three parts： train formation, train operation periods and corresponding train counts of each routing in each period. Based on the analysis of passen- ger＇s general travel expenses and operator＇s benefits, the constraints and objective functions are defined and the multiobjective optimization model for the train plan of urban rail transit is presented. Factors considered in the multi- objective optimization model include transport capacity, the requirements of traffic organization, corporation benefits, passenger demands, and passenger choice behavior under multi-train-routing mode. According to the characteristics of this model and practical planning experience, a three-phase solution was designed to gradually optimize the train formarion, train counts as well as operation periods. The instance of Changsha Metro Line 2 validates the feasibility and efficiency of this approach.展开更多
Purpose–Under the constraints of given passenger service level and coupling travel demand with train departure time,this study optimizes the train operational plan in an urban rail corridor to minimize the numbers of...Purpose–Under the constraints of given passenger service level and coupling travel demand with train departure time,this study optimizes the train operational plan in an urban rail corridor to minimize the numbers of train trips and rolling stocks considering the time-varying demand of urban rail passenger flow.Design/methodology/approach–The authors optimize the train operational plan in a special network layout,i.e.an urban rail corridor with dead-end terminal yard,by decomposing it into two sub-problems:train timetable optimization and rolling stock circulation optimization.As for train timetable optimization,the authors propose a schedule-based passenger flow assignment method,construct the corresponding timetabling optimization model and design the bi-directional coordinated sequential optimization algorithm.For the optimization of rolling stock circulation,the authors construct the corresponding optimization assignment model and adopt the Hungary algorithm for solving the model.Findings–The case study shows that the train operational plan developed by the study’s approach meets requirements on the passenger service quality and reduces the operational cost to the maximum by minimizing the numbers of train trips and rolling stocks.Originality/value–The example verifies the efficiency of the model and algorithm.展开更多
Ticket allocation and train stopping plans are important parts of railway transportation organization.At present,most of the ticket allocation plans are based on fixed train stopping plans,which limit the scope of tic...Ticket allocation and train stopping plans are important parts of railway transportation organization.At present,most of the ticket allocation plans are based on fixed train stopping plans,which limit the scope of ticket allocation.Trains can only serve passenger demands between stopping stations,leading to a loss of passenger demands at non-stopping stations,resulting in low seat occupancy rates and low revenue for railway enterprise.In order to better meet passenger demands,improve seat occupancy rates and increase the revenue of railway enterprises,this paper constructs a collaborative optimization model of ticket allocation and stopping plans based on stochastic demand and passenger choice behaviours in different time periods.Combined with CPLEX solver,the simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the problem.At the same time,new neighbourhood solution generation strategies of train stopping plans and ticket allocation plans under given stopping plans are designed.The experimental results show that in small-scale and large-scale experiments,the proposed method increases revenue by 0.14%and 9.09%,respectively,and effectively improves seat occupancy rates.展开更多
INTRODUCTION： Weightlifting has its own individual features, where it is important to select new element as well as individual work with them. Ascertaining these specific features of weightlifting sport, trainers are...INTRODUCTION： Weightlifting has its own individual features, where it is important to select new element as well as individual work with them. Ascertaining these specific features of weightlifting sport, trainers are in charge of drafting as accurately as possible the training process, which should be repeatedly realized. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY： It is recognition of the level of technical, physical and anthropometric indicators of young new weightlifters, eliminating the problems arising during the training process to advance the sporting results. MATERIALS AND METHODS： A total of 14 new weightlifters of the five sports clubs were taken into the study for a period of one year （March 2016-March 2017）. During the development of national and international activities, we showed their technical results in the style of snatch, clean and jerk, while during training showed the indicators in classical auxiliary exercises with those of strength, weight and body height. The method of comparison for reports technical-strength and weight-height with weightlifters at the European and World level of this age group was used. The data subjected to statistical processing with ANOVA method. RESULTS： The optimum coefficient of ratio： the technique snatch with clean and jerk technique at the international level is p 〈 0.79-0.80, compared to our weightlifters in the study, showed that there is oscillation from the optimum p 〈 0.001 to p 〈 0.006. The coefficient weight to height moves 13-16 cm. CONCLUSIONS： This avoidance indicates an inadequate distribution of exercises loads during the training process, most of which take snatch exercises, which do not have a good influence on the performance of the clean and jerk technique results. Loads in classical and classical assistive exercises should be distributed to rights reports for high sports achievements.展开更多
This paper presents the formulation and solution of a train routing and makeupmodel.This formulation results in a large scale 0-1 integer programmingproblem with nonlinear objective function, and linear and nonlinearc...This paper presents the formulation and solution of a train routing and makeupmodel.This formulation results in a large scale 0-1 integer programmingproblem with nonlinear objective function, and linear and nonlinearcoastraints. We know this problem is NP-complete;hence,it is diffieult to solvefor a globelly optimal solution. In this paper we propose a simulated annealingalgorithm for the train routing and makeup problem. This method avoidsentrapment in the local minima of the objective function. The effectiveness ofthis approach has been demonstrasted by results from test casee,展开更多
Purpose:This study investigates the role of the engineering education environment created by the implementation of the“Plan for Educating and Training Outstanding Engineers”(PETOE)on the professional capability deve...Purpose:This study investigates the role of the engineering education environment created by the implementation of the“Plan for Educating and Training Outstanding Engineers”(PETOE)on the professional capability development of engineering students from the perspective of students'experience.Design/Approach/Methods:This study uses data from the National Engineering Student Survey and multiple regression analysis to explore the role of institutional resources and support,teaching reforms,and interpersonal interaction on the professional development of engineering students.Findings:The opportunities for on-campus practical activities provided by the institution,content of the teachers'teaching,teaching methods,comprehensive coursework assessment,and interpersonal interactions contributed to the development of students'engineering competencies,with limited contributions from research-based teaching methods.Internship opportunities and international exchange environments were negatively associated with the development of engineering skills in an“unexpected”manner.OriginalityNalue:Focusing on students'experiences of engineering education reform,this study comprehensively evaluates the implementation of the reform measures adopted under PETOE.Furthermore,it assesses how corresponding changes in the general educational environment relate to students’professional capability development.Thus,this study addresses an important research gap in educational reformthe lack of domestic empirical studies in China.展开更多
The reform of rural teacher team building has entered the deep-water zone where tough challenges must be met in the new era.In order to adapt to the new situation and cope with the new challenges,the national training...The reform of rural teacher team building has entered the deep-water zone where tough challenges must be met in the new era.In order to adapt to the new situation and cope with the new challenges,the national training of K-12 teachers in China should set up the concept of high-quality products,summarize the experience of the grass-roots level,aim at the prominent problems,give full play to the exemplary and leading role of the National Training Plan,and promote the comprehensive improvement of the quality and efficiency of teacher training.During the 13th Five-Year Plan period,the national training of K-12 teachers in China has achieved gratifying results,as well as considerable problems in the implementation of the National Training Plan.On the basis of sorting out the progress of the national training for K-12 teachers in the new era,this paper puts forward development strategies.展开更多
Intercity high-speed rail (HSR) is a type of mass transit built in densely populatedmetropolitan areas and has become an essential part of sustainable transportation systemsin some countries. One of the most challengi...Intercity high-speed rail (HSR) is a type of mass transit built in densely populatedmetropolitan areas and has become an essential part of sustainable transportation systemsin some countries. One of the most challenging problems is how to jointly optimize thetrain line plan and timetable with simultaneous consideration of the system efficiency,cost, and level of service. In this paper, we focus on optimizing the train line plan and timetableof intercity HSR given actual time-dependent demand while appropriately consideringthe operational constraints including overtaking. First, we formulate the optimizationproblem as a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). Its objective is to minimizethe total system cost comprised of the trains’ fixed and variable operation costs, passengers’travel time cost, and penalties for passengers’ departure time deviation and passengers’failing to board a train. We then design a double-layer simulated annealing (SA)algorithm, in which the inner layer algorithm optimizes the stop plan, the departure andarrival times at each station, while the outer layer algorithm optimizes the number oftrains, their origin–destination stations, and their departure times at origin stations.Next a case study is conducted on Shanghai-Nanjing intercity HSR using actual timedependentdemand. The numerical results show that the proposed model can help significantlyreduce the total number of trains used by increasing the average seat occupancy,while creating little impact on the average passenger travel time and departure time.The study provides valuable guidance for optimizing HSR train line plan and timetablebased on real-world time-dependent demand.展开更多
文摘This study examines on badminton players following anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)surgery.It analyses the risk factors in badminton that may cause re-injury to the knee joint,such as sports postures and exercise intensity.Scientific and reasonable sports protection measures and training plans are formulated,including correcting sports postures and reasonably controlling exercise intensity and frequency.Rehabilitation training is carried out in stages,and the training intensity and frequency are gradually adjusted according to the recovery situation.Through scientific protection and training,the risk of re-injury to athletes can be reduced,and they can be helped to restore their best sports conditions.At the same time,future research directions are prospected,covering personalized rehabilitation programs,application of new technologies,and research on psychological factors.
文摘The slogan of“Combination of medicine and engineering”proposed in“Made in China 2025”has aroused great attention to higher engineering education.However,it is a difficult problem and challenge for schools and educators to effectively adapt to the economic and social development,train new medical and engineering talents,and explore and cultivate new subject growth points.In order to deal with engineering change and a new round of scientific and technological revolution,facing the challenge of new engineering construction.This paper will combine the reality and characteristics of colleges and universities,analyze the problems existing in the current medical engineering cross-graduate training,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the progress and development of science and technology in colleges and universities.
文摘The article presents wide experience in controlling athletic training aimed at preparation of the Russian national teams for major international competitions. Experimental part of the study has been carried out in the course of training camps and competitions since 2010. Forty Russian national teams in 15 winter and 3 summer Olympic sports participated in the research. Theoretical concepts set forth in the works of Anthony Stafford Beer made a basis of a system of control and management developed for the Russian national winter sports teams. In particular, a five-level system was applied to control athletic training. The authors point out that a system of control over athletic training in elite sport teams should take into account a few important issues： （1） each sport, team and athlete has distinctive features; （2） various aspects of athletic training and their interrelation must be aimed at raising effectiveness of training according to individual training plans; （3） coaches and sport managers must be provided with real-time information necessary for development of long-term and short-term training plans and their timely correction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 70901076)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20090162120021)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 10JJ4046)
文摘The train plan of urban rail transit under multi-routing mode can be divided into three parts： train formation, train operation periods and corresponding train counts of each routing in each period. Based on the analysis of passen- ger＇s general travel expenses and operator＇s benefits, the constraints and objective functions are defined and the multiobjective optimization model for the train plan of urban rail transit is presented. Factors considered in the multi- objective optimization model include transport capacity, the requirements of traffic organization, corporation benefits, passenger demands, and passenger choice behavior under multi-train-routing mode. According to the characteristics of this model and practical planning experience, a three-phase solution was designed to gradually optimize the train formarion, train counts as well as operation periods. The instance of Changsha Metro Line 2 validates the feasibility and efficiency of this approach.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71701216,71171200).
文摘Purpose–Under the constraints of given passenger service level and coupling travel demand with train departure time,this study optimizes the train operational plan in an urban rail corridor to minimize the numbers of train trips and rolling stocks considering the time-varying demand of urban rail passenger flow.Design/methodology/approach–The authors optimize the train operational plan in a special network layout,i.e.an urban rail corridor with dead-end terminal yard,by decomposing it into two sub-problems:train timetable optimization and rolling stock circulation optimization.As for train timetable optimization,the authors propose a schedule-based passenger flow assignment method,construct the corresponding timetabling optimization model and design the bi-directional coordinated sequential optimization algorithm.For the optimization of rolling stock circulation,the authors construct the corresponding optimization assignment model and adopt the Hungary algorithm for solving the model.Findings–The case study shows that the train operational plan developed by the study’s approach meets requirements on the passenger service quality and reduces the operational cost to the maximum by minimizing the numbers of train trips and rolling stocks.Originality/value–The example verifies the efficiency of the model and algorithm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72471247)the General Project of the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2022JJ30057)the Systematic Major Research Project of the China Railway(Grant No.P2022×012).
文摘Ticket allocation and train stopping plans are important parts of railway transportation organization.At present,most of the ticket allocation plans are based on fixed train stopping plans,which limit the scope of ticket allocation.Trains can only serve passenger demands between stopping stations,leading to a loss of passenger demands at non-stopping stations,resulting in low seat occupancy rates and low revenue for railway enterprise.In order to better meet passenger demands,improve seat occupancy rates and increase the revenue of railway enterprises,this paper constructs a collaborative optimization model of ticket allocation and stopping plans based on stochastic demand and passenger choice behaviours in different time periods.Combined with CPLEX solver,the simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the problem.At the same time,new neighbourhood solution generation strategies of train stopping plans and ticket allocation plans under given stopping plans are designed.The experimental results show that in small-scale and large-scale experiments,the proposed method increases revenue by 0.14%and 9.09%,respectively,and effectively improves seat occupancy rates.
文摘INTRODUCTION： Weightlifting has its own individual features, where it is important to select new element as well as individual work with them. Ascertaining these specific features of weightlifting sport, trainers are in charge of drafting as accurately as possible the training process, which should be repeatedly realized. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY： It is recognition of the level of technical, physical and anthropometric indicators of young new weightlifters, eliminating the problems arising during the training process to advance the sporting results. MATERIALS AND METHODS： A total of 14 new weightlifters of the five sports clubs were taken into the study for a period of one year （March 2016-March 2017）. During the development of national and international activities, we showed their technical results in the style of snatch, clean and jerk, while during training showed the indicators in classical auxiliary exercises with those of strength, weight and body height. The method of comparison for reports technical-strength and weight-height with weightlifters at the European and World level of this age group was used. The data subjected to statistical processing with ANOVA method. RESULTS： The optimum coefficient of ratio： the technique snatch with clean and jerk technique at the international level is p 〈 0.79-0.80, compared to our weightlifters in the study, showed that there is oscillation from the optimum p 〈 0.001 to p 〈 0.006. The coefficient weight to height moves 13-16 cm. CONCLUSIONS： This avoidance indicates an inadequate distribution of exercises loads during the training process, most of which take snatch exercises, which do not have a good influence on the performance of the clean and jerk technique results. Loads in classical and classical assistive exercises should be distributed to rights reports for high sports achievements.
文摘This paper presents the formulation and solution of a train routing and makeupmodel.This formulation results in a large scale 0-1 integer programmingproblem with nonlinear objective function, and linear and nonlinearcoastraints. We know this problem is NP-complete;hence,it is diffieult to solvefor a globelly optimal solution. In this paper we propose a simulated annealingalgorithm for the train routing and makeup problem. This method avoidsentrapment in the local minima of the objective function. The effectiveness ofthis approach has been demonstrasted by results from test casee,
基金supported by the Consulting Project of Chinese Academy of Engineering:Research on cultivating multi-directional thinking of engineering students for the digital-intelligence era(grant number 2021-XY-47).
文摘Purpose:This study investigates the role of the engineering education environment created by the implementation of the“Plan for Educating and Training Outstanding Engineers”(PETOE)on the professional capability development of engineering students from the perspective of students'experience.Design/Approach/Methods:This study uses data from the National Engineering Student Survey and multiple regression analysis to explore the role of institutional resources and support,teaching reforms,and interpersonal interaction on the professional development of engineering students.Findings:The opportunities for on-campus practical activities provided by the institution,content of the teachers'teaching,teaching methods,comprehensive coursework assessment,and interpersonal interactions contributed to the development of students'engineering competencies,with limited contributions from research-based teaching methods.Internship opportunities and international exchange environments were negatively associated with the development of engineering skills in an“unexpected”manner.OriginalityNalue:Focusing on students'experiences of engineering education reform,this study comprehensively evaluates the implementation of the reform measures adopted under PETOE.Furthermore,it assesses how corresponding changes in the general educational environment relate to students’professional capability development.Thus,this study addresses an important research gap in educational reformthe lack of domestic empirical studies in China.
文摘The reform of rural teacher team building has entered the deep-water zone where tough challenges must be met in the new era.In order to adapt to the new situation and cope with the new challenges,the national training of K-12 teachers in China should set up the concept of high-quality products,summarize the experience of the grass-roots level,aim at the prominent problems,give full play to the exemplary and leading role of the National Training Plan,and promote the comprehensive improvement of the quality and efficiency of teacher training.During the 13th Five-Year Plan period,the national training of K-12 teachers in China has achieved gratifying results,as well as considerable problems in the implementation of the National Training Plan.On the basis of sorting out the progress of the national training for K-12 teachers in the new era,this paper puts forward development strategies.
基金supported by Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.KQ2014146)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52072264,71771150,72171175,71890970,72021002)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB1600900).
文摘Intercity high-speed rail (HSR) is a type of mass transit built in densely populatedmetropolitan areas and has become an essential part of sustainable transportation systemsin some countries. One of the most challenging problems is how to jointly optimize thetrain line plan and timetable with simultaneous consideration of the system efficiency,cost, and level of service. In this paper, we focus on optimizing the train line plan and timetableof intercity HSR given actual time-dependent demand while appropriately consideringthe operational constraints including overtaking. First, we formulate the optimizationproblem as a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). Its objective is to minimizethe total system cost comprised of the trains’ fixed and variable operation costs, passengers’travel time cost, and penalties for passengers’ departure time deviation and passengers’failing to board a train. We then design a double-layer simulated annealing (SA)algorithm, in which the inner layer algorithm optimizes the stop plan, the departure andarrival times at each station, while the outer layer algorithm optimizes the number oftrains, their origin–destination stations, and their departure times at origin stations.Next a case study is conducted on Shanghai-Nanjing intercity HSR using actual timedependentdemand. The numerical results show that the proposed model can help significantlyreduce the total number of trains used by increasing the average seat occupancy,while creating little impact on the average passenger travel time and departure time.The study provides valuable guidance for optimizing HSR train line plan and timetablebased on real-world time-dependent demand.
