Semantic translation and communicative translation are two strategies in Newmark's translation theory.This article begins with a discussion on Newmark's two translation methods,and aims at providing a theoreti...Semantic translation and communicative translation are two strategies in Newmark's translation theory.This article begins with a discussion on Newmark's two translation methods,and aims at providing a theoretical basis for the combined application of both methods in translation of tour guide manuals.展开更多
It is important for a completive tourism destination to ensure that tourists get the company of a professional tour guide who guides and interprets attraction in the areas visited. Undefined level of education, lack o...It is important for a completive tourism destination to ensure that tourists get the company of a professional tour guide who guides and interprets attraction in the areas visited. Undefined level of education, lack of standardized training curriculum, and lack of barrier to the guiding career have affected the performance of tour guides in Kenya. Limited research in Kenya has been conducted to establish the role of guides in satisfying customer and protecting the environment. The study objective was to examine tour guides＇ interpretation knowledge and their opinion on areas that require more training so as to improve their performance. The study hypothesized that tour guides＇ opinions on their training needs are independent on the level of education, work experience and qualification. It is hypothesized that guides require additional training in flora and fauna of East Africa, cultural heritage and customer service. They require training in ICT （Information Communications Technology）, eco-tourism principles, and at least one foreign language. The study hypothesizes that the higher the level of a guide＇s training, the more resourceful the guide will be. The study used qualitative and quantitative research approaches where questionnaires, interviews and focus groups discussion （FGDs） were used to collect the primary data. The finding shows that tour guides＇ opinions on areas they require further training were independent of their highest level of education, work experience and qualification. Most guides irrespective of their level of education, work experience and qualifications were of the opinion that they needed more training on mammals and plants （χ^2 = 1.07, df= 2, P = 0.583）, training on birds and insects （χ^2 = 0.254, df= 2, P = 0.885） and training on culture and history of East Africa （χ^2 = 1.140, df= 2, P = 0.566）. Respondents＇ training needs were independent on the duration of tour guiding course training had taken. Guides trained for less than six months, one year and more than two years agreed that training on foreign language （χ^2 = 4.84, df = 2, P = 0.196）, ecotourism principles （χ^2 = 1.62, df = 2, P = 0.653） and tour planning and costing （χ^2 = 399, df = 3, P = 0.262） would improve their performance. The study concludes that tour guides are aware of the areas that they need to be trained and should be consulted before organizing such training. They require more training irrespective of their level of education, certification and work experience. The study recommends tour guide curriculum be standardized and all guides should sit for an exam before they are licensed to guide and only those with such license be allowed to practice guiding.展开更多
With the sharp increase in life pressures,holiday travel has become a popular choice for many.As an indispensable role in tourism,tour guides can significantly enhance the tourist experience and showcase the allure of...With the sharp increase in life pressures,holiday travel has become a popular choice for many.As an indispensable role in tourism,tour guides can significantly enhance the tourist experience and showcase the allure of various scenic spots.In the new era,to achieve sustainable development and positive transformation,tour guides face significant challenges.This paper explores these challenges and proposes potential transformation paths for the tour guide profession in Nanchang,a city with a rich history,as it strives to build a strong city brand.展开更多
In the present study, some junior students of the English major were asked to verbalize or write their thoughts after interpreting. Besides, students＇ errors were also identified through observations by the researche...In the present study, some junior students of the English major were asked to verbalize or write their thoughts after interpreting. Besides, students＇ errors were also identified through observations by the researchers. As a result some of the mistakes made by students were found： lacking humor and variety in their interpreting, little vocabulary and variation in expression, etc.. Reasons were also analyzed which included that students were generally not familiar with some of the often-used sentence patterns for tour guide interpretation, and teachers are not using the suitable ways of teaching tour guide interpreting. To conclude, ways to solve these problems were recommended for readers＇ reference.展开更多
The best time to tourHangzhou is April and October.The most famous spots inHangzhou are on the West Lake,and comprise its ten scenic sightsand ten new scenic sights. Some ofthe best of these are:
The tourist spots in Wuzhen Townare concentrated in five regions. Oneis the traditional workshops region,where visitors can watch or participatein the production of local specialties,such as indigo printed fabric, and
At the present stage, the gradual development of social economy also provides a good environment for the development of tourism, and the demand for high-quality tour guide talents is also improving. For tourism majors...At the present stage, the gradual development of social economy also provides a good environment for the development of tourism, and the demand for high-quality tour guide talents is also improving. For tourism majors, higher vocational colleges should closely combine the social needs in talent training, thus providing a strong guarantee for the career development of tour guide professionals. Vocational education reform and higher vocational colleges guide professional faces some challenges, need to continue to innovate talent training mode, so as to further promote the healthy development of tourism, to promote teaching is a new guide talent training mode, can targeted, comprehensive improve students language ability, management ability and business ability, and higher vocational colleges through a series of vocational skills competition can make professional ethics training and quality education throughout the talent training system, drive the higher vocational colleges study style construction, in improving school comprehensive strength also has positive significance. Starting with the purpose and significance of "promoting teaching and integrating teaching and competition", this paper discusses the feasibility of "promoting teaching and competition", expounds the talent training mode of "promoting teaching and competition", and finally proposes the implementation effect of this talent training mode, hoping to bring help to relevant research.展开更多
Tourist guides as front-line professionals, information-givers, and interpreters act as destination representatives and ＂ambassadors＂ in the eyes of tourists （Raboti6, 2010）. This paper, using an empirical analysi...Tourist guides as front-line professionals, information-givers, and interpreters act as destination representatives and ＂ambassadors＂ in the eyes of tourists （Raboti6, 2010）. This paper, using an empirical analysis of coach tour foreign tourists travelling in Portugal, intends to determine how tourist destination image （TDI） is modified and enhanced through the influence of tourist guide performance and tourist satisfaction with the guided tour. A survey questionnaire of first-time package tour travellers to Portugal revealed a positive change in attitude to image components such as monuments/museums, tourist information, landscape, and gastronomy and wines, confirming that the tourist guide＇s attributes in communication skills and scholar knowledge （history, art, and popular culture） together with highly rated tourist satisfaction with the guided tour concerning the professional competence of a bus driver were critical in enhancing Portugal destination image. Marketing implications for senior coach tour in Portugal are drawn.展开更多
Meyir Nurjan,from Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,has been working as a tour guide in Astana,capital of Kazakhstan,for seven years.With her multilingual advantage and her passion for cultural co...Meyir Nurjan,from Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,has been working as a tour guide in Astana,capital of Kazakhstan,for seven years.With her multilingual advantage and her passion for cultural communications,she is dedicated to offering tourists comprehensive and high-quality services.As China and Kazakhstani cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative has been deepening,the cultural and people-to-people exchanges between the two countries have been heating up.Nurjan hopes to help promote mutual understanding and closer people-to-people ties between China and Central Asia.展开更多
The main high points ofthis tour are sightseeing inthe Maling River Valley, riftvalley drifting, a visit to theBouyei village, and theGuizhou Wedding CustomsMuseum.
In recent years,the state has vigorously promoted the construction of cultural heritage-themed tourism routes.Policies such as the Notice on the Construction of China Cultural Heritage-Themed Tourism Routes and the Do...In recent years,the state has vigorously promoted the construction of cultural heritage-themed tourism routes.Policies such as the Notice on the Construction of China Cultural Heritage-Themed Tourism Routes and the Dongpo Journey-China Cultural Heritage-Themed Tourism Route Master Plan have been successively issued,encouraging the creation of cultural-tourism integration projects that primarily feature immovable cultural relics and combine specific themes.However,current digital tours at cultural heritage sites often suffer from fragmented cultural knowledge transmission,a lack of personalized user experience,and insufficient contextual learning effects.To address these issues,this study takes the“Dongpo Travel”digital tour mini-program as a case study to explore the design of a thematic tourism route digital tour platform that integrates ontology and user profiling.The platform achieves structured transmission of Dongpo cultural knowledge by constructing historical relic tour maps,improving cultural tourism route services,setting up post-tour incentive mechanisms,and developing contextual learning modules.This meets the personalized travel needs of different users and helps tourists deepen their cultural learning during visits.Practice shows that the platform can operate stably at the Su Causeway in the West Lake Scenic Area,covering approximately 27 Dongpo cultural sites and serving over 500 people daily.It not only promotes the revitalization and inheritance of Dongpo cultural heritage but also provides a replicable solution for the digital transformation of the cultural tourism industry.Additionally,it effectively enhances the efficiency of contextual learning at cultural heritage sites and offers a reference for the construction of similar thematic tourism route digital tour platforms.展开更多
Oriented Matroids arise as a natural combinatorial abstraction of linear algebra and geometry.Some of the topics were foreseen by Rockafellar.Later,oriented matroids were independently discovered by Bland,Dress and La...Oriented Matroids arise as a natural combinatorial abstraction of linear algebra and geometry.Some of the topics were foreseen by Rockafellar.Later,oriented matroids were independently discovered by Bland,Dress and Las Vergnas.As with matroids oriented matroids can be developed from many different axiom systems.In this survey we shall concentrate on some of the more important ones and show how one system can be展开更多
文摘Semantic translation and communicative translation are two strategies in Newmark's translation theory.This article begins with a discussion on Newmark's two translation methods,and aims at providing a theoretical basis for the combined application of both methods in translation of tour guide manuals.
文摘It is important for a completive tourism destination to ensure that tourists get the company of a professional tour guide who guides and interprets attraction in the areas visited. Undefined level of education, lack of standardized training curriculum, and lack of barrier to the guiding career have affected the performance of tour guides in Kenya. Limited research in Kenya has been conducted to establish the role of guides in satisfying customer and protecting the environment. The study objective was to examine tour guides＇ interpretation knowledge and their opinion on areas that require more training so as to improve their performance. The study hypothesized that tour guides＇ opinions on their training needs are independent on the level of education, work experience and qualification. It is hypothesized that guides require additional training in flora and fauna of East Africa, cultural heritage and customer service. They require training in ICT （Information Communications Technology）, eco-tourism principles, and at least one foreign language. The study hypothesizes that the higher the level of a guide＇s training, the more resourceful the guide will be. The study used qualitative and quantitative research approaches where questionnaires, interviews and focus groups discussion （FGDs） were used to collect the primary data. The finding shows that tour guides＇ opinions on areas they require further training were independent of their highest level of education, work experience and qualification. Most guides irrespective of their level of education, work experience and qualifications were of the opinion that they needed more training on mammals and plants （χ^2 = 1.07, df= 2, P = 0.583）, training on birds and insects （χ^2 = 0.254, df= 2, P = 0.885） and training on culture and history of East Africa （χ^2 = 1.140, df= 2, P = 0.566）. Respondents＇ training needs were independent on the duration of tour guiding course training had taken. Guides trained for less than six months, one year and more than two years agreed that training on foreign language （χ^2 = 4.84, df = 2, P = 0.196）, ecotourism principles （χ^2 = 1.62, df = 2, P = 0.653） and tour planning and costing （χ^2 = 399, df = 3, P = 0.262） would improve their performance. The study concludes that tour guides are aware of the areas that they need to be trained and should be consulted before organizing such training. They require more training irrespective of their level of education, certification and work experience. The study recommends tour guide curriculum be standardized and all guides should sit for an exam before they are licensed to guide and only those with such license be allowed to practice guiding.
文摘With the sharp increase in life pressures,holiday travel has become a popular choice for many.As an indispensable role in tourism,tour guides can significantly enhance the tourist experience and showcase the allure of various scenic spots.In the new era,to achieve sustainable development and positive transformation,tour guides face significant challenges.This paper explores these challenges and proposes potential transformation paths for the tour guide profession in Nanchang,a city with a rich history,as it strives to build a strong city brand.
文摘In the present study, some junior students of the English major were asked to verbalize or write their thoughts after interpreting. Besides, students＇ errors were also identified through observations by the researchers. As a result some of the mistakes made by students were found： lacking humor and variety in their interpreting, little vocabulary and variation in expression, etc.. Reasons were also analyzed which included that students were generally not familiar with some of the often-used sentence patterns for tour guide interpretation, and teachers are not using the suitable ways of teaching tour guide interpreting. To conclude, ways to solve these problems were recommended for readers＇ reference.
文摘The best time to tourHangzhou is April and October.The most famous spots inHangzhou are on the West Lake,and comprise its ten scenic sightsand ten new scenic sights. Some ofthe best of these are:
文摘The tourist spots in Wuzhen Townare concentrated in five regions. Oneis the traditional workshops region,where visitors can watch or participatein the production of local specialties,such as indigo printed fabric, and
文摘At the present stage, the gradual development of social economy also provides a good environment for the development of tourism, and the demand for high-quality tour guide talents is also improving. For tourism majors, higher vocational colleges should closely combine the social needs in talent training, thus providing a strong guarantee for the career development of tour guide professionals. Vocational education reform and higher vocational colleges guide professional faces some challenges, need to continue to innovate talent training mode, so as to further promote the healthy development of tourism, to promote teaching is a new guide talent training mode, can targeted, comprehensive improve students language ability, management ability and business ability, and higher vocational colleges through a series of vocational skills competition can make professional ethics training and quality education throughout the talent training system, drive the higher vocational colleges study style construction, in improving school comprehensive strength also has positive significance. Starting with the purpose and significance of "promoting teaching and integrating teaching and competition", this paper discusses the feasibility of "promoting teaching and competition", expounds the talent training mode of "promoting teaching and competition", and finally proposes the implementation effect of this talent training mode, hoping to bring help to relevant research.
文摘Tourist guides as front-line professionals, information-givers, and interpreters act as destination representatives and ＂ambassadors＂ in the eyes of tourists （Raboti6, 2010）. This paper, using an empirical analysis of coach tour foreign tourists travelling in Portugal, intends to determine how tourist destination image （TDI） is modified and enhanced through the influence of tourist guide performance and tourist satisfaction with the guided tour. A survey questionnaire of first-time package tour travellers to Portugal revealed a positive change in attitude to image components such as monuments/museums, tourist information, landscape, and gastronomy and wines, confirming that the tourist guide＇s attributes in communication skills and scholar knowledge （history, art, and popular culture） together with highly rated tourist satisfaction with the guided tour concerning the professional competence of a bus driver were critical in enhancing Portugal destination image. Marketing implications for senior coach tour in Portugal are drawn.
文摘Meyir Nurjan,from Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,has been working as a tour guide in Astana,capital of Kazakhstan,for seven years.With her multilingual advantage and her passion for cultural communications,she is dedicated to offering tourists comprehensive and high-quality services.As China and Kazakhstani cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative has been deepening,the cultural and people-to-people exchanges between the two countries have been heating up.Nurjan hopes to help promote mutual understanding and closer people-to-people ties between China and Central Asia.
文摘The main high points ofthis tour are sightseeing inthe Maling River Valley, riftvalley drifting, a visit to theBouyei village, and theGuizhou Wedding CustomsMuseum.
文摘In recent years,the state has vigorously promoted the construction of cultural heritage-themed tourism routes.Policies such as the Notice on the Construction of China Cultural Heritage-Themed Tourism Routes and the Dongpo Journey-China Cultural Heritage-Themed Tourism Route Master Plan have been successively issued,encouraging the creation of cultural-tourism integration projects that primarily feature immovable cultural relics and combine specific themes.However,current digital tours at cultural heritage sites often suffer from fragmented cultural knowledge transmission,a lack of personalized user experience,and insufficient contextual learning effects.To address these issues,this study takes the“Dongpo Travel”digital tour mini-program as a case study to explore the design of a thematic tourism route digital tour platform that integrates ontology and user profiling.The platform achieves structured transmission of Dongpo cultural knowledge by constructing historical relic tour maps,improving cultural tourism route services,setting up post-tour incentive mechanisms,and developing contextual learning modules.This meets the personalized travel needs of different users and helps tourists deepen their cultural learning during visits.Practice shows that the platform can operate stably at the Su Causeway in the West Lake Scenic Area,covering approximately 27 Dongpo cultural sites and serving over 500 people daily.It not only promotes the revitalization and inheritance of Dongpo cultural heritage but also provides a replicable solution for the digital transformation of the cultural tourism industry.Additionally,it effectively enhances the efficiency of contextual learning at cultural heritage sites and offers a reference for the construction of similar thematic tourism route digital tour platforms.
基金This project is supported by the German Research Association (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB303)
文摘Oriented Matroids arise as a natural combinatorial abstraction of linear algebra and geometry.Some of the topics were foreseen by Rockafellar.Later,oriented matroids were independently discovered by Bland,Dress and Las Vergnas.As with matroids oriented matroids can be developed from many different axiom systems.In this survey we shall concentrate on some of the more important ones and show how one system can be
