Objective Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties with communication and social interaction,restricted and repetitive behaviors.Previous studies have indicated that...Objective Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties with communication and social interaction,restricted and repetitive behaviors.Previous studies have indicated that individuals with ASD exhibit early and lifelong attention deficits,which are closely related to the core symptoms of ASD.Basic visual attention processes may provide a critical foundation for their social communication and interaction abilities.Therefore,this study explores the behavior of children with ASD in capturing attention to changes in topological properties.Methods Our study recruited twenty-seven ASD children diagnosed by professional clinicians according to DSM-5 and twenty-eight typically developing(TD)age-matched controls.In an attention capture task,we recorded the saccadic behaviors of children with ASD and TD in response to topological change(TC)and non-topological change(nTC)stimuli.Saccadic reaction time(SRT),visual search time(VS),and first fixation dwell time(FFDT)were used as indicators of attentional bias.Pearson correlation tests between the clinical assessment scales and attentional bias were conducted.Results This study found that TD children had significantly faster SRT(P<0.05)and VS(P<0.05)for the TC stimuli compared to the nTC stimuli,while the children with ASD did not exhibit significant differences in either measure(P>0.05).Additionally,ASD children demonstrated significantly less attention towards the TC targets(measured by FFDT),in comparison to TD children(P<0.05).Furthermore,ASD children exhibited a significant negative linear correlation between their attentional bias(measured by VS)and their scores on the compulsive subscale(P<0.05).Conclusion The results suggest that children with ASD have difficulty shifting their attention to objects with topological changes during change detection.This atypical attention may affect the child’s cognitive and behavioral development,thereby impacting their social communication and interaction.In sum,our findings indicate that difficulties in attentional capture by TC may be a key feature of ASD.展开更多
Inspired by human behaviors,a robot object tracking model is proposed on the basis of visual attention mechanism,which is fit for the theory of topological perception.The model integrates the image-driven,bottom-up at...Inspired by human behaviors,a robot object tracking model is proposed on the basis of visual attention mechanism,which is fit for the theory of topological perception.The model integrates the image-driven,bottom-up attention and the object-driven,top-down attention,whereas the previous attention model has mostly focused on either the bottom-up or top-down attention.By the bottom-up component,the whole scene is segmented into the ground region and the salient regions.Guided by top-down strategy which is achieved by a topological graph,the object regions are separated from the salient regions.The salient regions except the object regions are the barrier regions.In order to estimate the model,a mobile robot platform is developed,on which some experiments are implemented.The experimental results indicate that processing an image with a resolution of 752×480 pixels takes less than 200 ms and the object regions are unabridged.The analysis obtained by comparing the proposed model with the existing model demonstrates that the proposed model has some advantages in robot object tracking in terms of speed and efficiency.展开更多
According to Chen's theory,topological differences are perceived faster than feature differences in early visual perception.We hypothesized that topological perception is caused by the sensitivity in discriminatin...According to Chen's theory,topological differences are perceived faster than feature differences in early visual perception.We hypothesized that topological perception is caused by the sensitivity in discriminating figures with and without"holes".An ERP experiment was conducted utilizing a passive paradigm to investigate the differences in perceiving figures with"hole"and with"no-hole".The results showed differences in N170 components between figures with"holes"and with"no-holes".The inversion of the"hole"could influence the latency of N170,but the inversion of the"no-hole"could not,which indicated that global features are processed first in the"hole"perception whilst local features are given priority to the"no-hole"perception.This result was similar to studies concerning face and non-face objects,suggesting a configural processing of the"hole".展开更多
In this study, we explored the neural mechanism of global topological perception in the human visual system. We showed strong evidence that the retinotectal pathway in the archicortex of the human brain is responsible...In this study, we explored the neural mechanism of global topological perception in the human visual system. We showed strong evidence that the retinotectal pathway in the archicortex of the human brain is responsible for global topological perception, and for modulating the local feature processing in the classical ventral visual pathway. Inspired by this recent cognitive discovery,we developed a novel CogNet architecture to emulate the global-local dichotomy of human visual cognitive mechanisms. The thorough experimental results indicate that the proposed CogNet not only significantly improves image classification accuracies but also effectively addresses the texture bias problem observed in baseline CNN models. We have also conducted mathematical analysis for the generalization gap for general neural networks. Our theoretical derivations suggest that the Hurst parameter, a measure of the curvature of the loss landscape, can closely bind the generalization gap. A larger Hurst parameter corresponds to a better generalization ability. We found that our proposed CogNet achieves a lower test error and attains a larger Hurst parameter,strengthening its superiority over the baseline CNN models further.展开更多
文摘Objective Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties with communication and social interaction,restricted and repetitive behaviors.Previous studies have indicated that individuals with ASD exhibit early and lifelong attention deficits,which are closely related to the core symptoms of ASD.Basic visual attention processes may provide a critical foundation for their social communication and interaction abilities.Therefore,this study explores the behavior of children with ASD in capturing attention to changes in topological properties.Methods Our study recruited twenty-seven ASD children diagnosed by professional clinicians according to DSM-5 and twenty-eight typically developing(TD)age-matched controls.In an attention capture task,we recorded the saccadic behaviors of children with ASD and TD in response to topological change(TC)and non-topological change(nTC)stimuli.Saccadic reaction time(SRT),visual search time(VS),and first fixation dwell time(FFDT)were used as indicators of attentional bias.Pearson correlation tests between the clinical assessment scales and attentional bias were conducted.Results This study found that TD children had significantly faster SRT(P<0.05)and VS(P<0.05)for the TC stimuli compared to the nTC stimuli,while the children with ASD did not exhibit significant differences in either measure(P>0.05).Additionally,ASD children demonstrated significantly less attention towards the TC targets(measured by FFDT),in comparison to TD children(P<0.05).Furthermore,ASD children exhibited a significant negative linear correlation between their attentional bias(measured by VS)and their scores on the compulsive subscale(P<0.05).Conclusion The results suggest that children with ASD have difficulty shifting their attention to objects with topological changes during change detection.This atypical attention may affect the child’s cognitive and behavioral development,thereby impacting their social communication and interaction.In sum,our findings indicate that difficulties in attentional capture by TC may be a key feature of ASD.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2006CB300407)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50775017)
文摘Inspired by human behaviors,a robot object tracking model is proposed on the basis of visual attention mechanism,which is fit for the theory of topological perception.The model integrates the image-driven,bottom-up attention and the object-driven,top-down attention,whereas the previous attention model has mostly focused on either the bottom-up or top-down attention.By the bottom-up component,the whole scene is segmented into the ground region and the salient regions.Guided by top-down strategy which is achieved by a topological graph,the object regions are separated from the salient regions.The salient regions except the object regions are the barrier regions.In order to estimate the model,a mobile robot platform is developed,on which some experiments are implemented.The experimental results indicate that processing an image with a resolution of 752×480 pixels takes less than 200 ms and the object regions are unabridged.The analysis obtained by comparing the proposed model with the existing model demonstrates that the proposed model has some advantages in robot object tracking in terms of speed and efficiency.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2005CB522800)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2006AA01Z129)the Research Fund of Yunnan University(Grant No.KL080012)
文摘According to Chen's theory,topological differences are perceived faster than feature differences in early visual perception.We hypothesized that topological perception is caused by the sensitivity in discriminating figures with and without"holes".An ERP experiment was conducted utilizing a passive paradigm to investigate the differences in perceiving figures with"hole"and with"no-hole".The results showed differences in N170 components between figures with"holes"and with"no-holes".The inversion of the"hole"could influence the latency of N170,but the inversion of the"no-hole"could not,which indicated that global features are processed first in the"hole"perception whilst local features are given priority to the"no-hole"perception.This result was similar to studies concerning face and non-face objects,suggesting a configural processing of the"hole".
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China (Grant No. 2020AAA0105600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U21B2048 and 62276208)+1 种基金Shenzhen Key Technical Projects (Grant No. CJGJZD2022051714160501)the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. 2021091 and YSBR-068)。
文摘In this study, we explored the neural mechanism of global topological perception in the human visual system. We showed strong evidence that the retinotectal pathway in the archicortex of the human brain is responsible for global topological perception, and for modulating the local feature processing in the classical ventral visual pathway. Inspired by this recent cognitive discovery,we developed a novel CogNet architecture to emulate the global-local dichotomy of human visual cognitive mechanisms. The thorough experimental results indicate that the proposed CogNet not only significantly improves image classification accuracies but also effectively addresses the texture bias problem observed in baseline CNN models. We have also conducted mathematical analysis for the generalization gap for general neural networks. Our theoretical derivations suggest that the Hurst parameter, a measure of the curvature of the loss landscape, can closely bind the generalization gap. A larger Hurst parameter corresponds to a better generalization ability. We found that our proposed CogNet achieves a lower test error and attains a larger Hurst parameter,strengthening its superiority over the baseline CNN models further.
