Water bacteriological qualities of 22 recreational beaches in Ensenada Bay, Baja California, Mexico were analyzed during the summer and winter of 2008. Total and fecal coliforms as well as enterococci bacteria were us...Water bacteriological qualities of 22 recreational beaches in Ensenada Bay, Baja California, Mexico were analyzed during the summer and winter of 2008. Total and fecal coliforms as well as enterococci bacteria were used as pollution indicators. Results showed that bacteria concentrations were higher in winter than summer, associated with Southern California rainy season. Bacteria loads in winter exceeded both the daily and monthly standards showing a clear effect of storm water runoff in the quality of Todos Santos Bay recreational beaches. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between bacteria concentration during summer and winter. The general behavior of the indicators based on daily and monthly standards from high to low was enterococci > FC > TC> total/fecal ratio. Water discharged from 3 sewage treatment plants were responsible for the pollution observed at stations, when the uptake capacity of plants exceeded the storage. During summer pollution was due to non-programmed discharges from sewage treatment plants.展开更多
部编中学英语教材第五册第二课课文中有这样一个省略句:“What to do?”(p.15)。据上下文判断,其意义为“怎么办?”。课文后的注释(p.18注4)说“What to do?=“What is to do?”其意义为“怎么办?”。这种说法能成立吗?笔者认为What to ...部编中学英语教材第五册第二课课文中有这样一个省略句:“What to do?”(p.15)。据上下文判断,其意义为“怎么办?”。课文后的注释(p.18注4)说“What to do?=“What is to do?”其意义为“怎么办?”。这种说法能成立吗?笔者认为What to do?作为省略句是英美人不愿接受的不好的英语;而What is to do?按美国纽约州立大学终身教授Eli·Seifman的说法,这句话是错误的。展开更多
Todo Mongolian ancient books are widely scattered among people,and many scholars have made ef⁃forts to collect and organize Todo Mongolian ancient books.Mr.Batu is one of the outstanding representa⁃tives.The ancient b...Todo Mongolian ancient books are widely scattered among people,and many scholars have made ef⁃forts to collect and organize Todo Mongolian ancient books.Mr.Batu is one of the outstanding representa⁃tives.The ancient books and related materials,notes,and other materials Todo Mongolian script he col⁃lected in are rich in content and have extremely high research value.They can provide valuable firsthand information for the academic community and promote in-depth research on the Tote Mongolian lan⁃guage.It is necessary to photocopy and publish them.展开更多
In Japan, selective thinning is a common thinning method, though line thinning receives much attention because of its economic merits. In this study, we examined effects of the two thinning methods on bird communities...In Japan, selective thinning is a common thinning method, though line thinning receives much attention because of its economic merits. In this study, we examined effects of the two thinning methods on bird communities in Todo fir （Abies sachalinensis） plantations in Hok- kaido, Japan. We surveyed bird species in forests under four different management types - unthinned, selectively thinned, line-thinned planta- tion, and naturally regenerated forest （here after referred to as natural forest） stands - using a line-transect method. We also investigated vege- tation structure （canopy tree and understory） of these stands. Bird species richness did not differ between natural forests and plantations, while bird total abundance was greater in plantations than in natural forests. Bird species richness and total abundance were comparable among the three management types for plantations. Abundances of 10 bird species were different among the four management types, and five species were more abundant in line-thinned plantations. However, two species were more abundant in selectively thinned stands than in line-thinned stands, and they frequently appeared in natural forests. There were no distinct differ- ences in vegetation structure among the management types for planta- tions. Our results suggest that line thinning could be beneficial for some bird species in plantations.展开更多
Environmental bonds are a means to accounting for future environmental costs, yet examples of application in real-life scenarios are scarce, and estimation of fairness of the bonds is still poorly explored. We examine...Environmental bonds are a means to accounting for future environmental costs, yet examples of application in real-life scenarios are scarce, and estimation of fairness of the bonds is still poorly explored. We examined a recent Mexican Pacific maritime accident in which the aid of extra environmental assessments addressing long-lasting effects was needed, and contributed to the decision-making process of environmental authorities by means of an arrangement based on the legal figure of the environmental bond. The basis to estimate the bond was the cost of activities needed to fulfill compensatory measures, specifically, the cost of research programs that would set a baseline for monitoring long-lasting damage to the bottom. In order to proceed with analysis of environmental bonds, we employed cluster analysis for comparing mean depth, grain size, and composition and abundance of benthic fauna at the three sites set for monitoring long-lasting effects, under the assumption that no differences would mean bond overestimation whereas differences would mean fairness. The results show that the three sites were different enough to justify the spatial setting of three separate sampling campaigns, and that the bond was reasonably not overestimated. The approach appears suitable to address in a semi-analytical way current inquiries regarding fairness of the environmental bonds and so may contribute to the state of the art.展开更多
Both the Todo Alphabet written with bambuu pen that is kept by Burintögs Khagai in County Zhaosu and the one written with soft brush that is kept by Namrjil Vjar have distinct characteristics in symbols for vowel...Both the Todo Alphabet written with bambuu pen that is kept by Burintögs Khagai in County Zhaosu and the one written with soft brush that is kept by Namrjil Vjar have distinct characteristics in symbols for vowels,consonants,terminal letters and transcription letters.The two of them fundamentally adhered to the orthography established by Zaya Pandida and most likely were compiled in the transitional phase of the todo script.展开更多
TODO machine learning has made significant advancements in the field of structural health monitoring,offering flexible and efficient solutions for detecting both local and global damage in various infrastructures.Loca...TODO machine learning has made significant advancements in the field of structural health monitoring,offering flexible and efficient solutions for detecting both local and global damage in various infrastructures.Local damage detection focuses on identifying cracks and spalling in specific areas of concrete structures such as bridges,highways,and tunnels.Techniques such as artificial neural networks(ANNs)and deep neural networks(DNNs)have been successfully employed for surface defect recognition,demonstrating their applicability across different structural contexts.Additionally,low-cost methods using devices like smartphones have been explored for quick road integrity assessments,proving to be both practical and affordable.Global damage detection encompasses the classification of structural collapse modes and damage types,utilizing feature extraction and deep learning models to enhance accuracy in identifying large-scale structural failures.These studies underscore the growing role of machine learning and computer vision in improving the resilience and monitoring of infrastructure systems.展开更多
文摘Water bacteriological qualities of 22 recreational beaches in Ensenada Bay, Baja California, Mexico were analyzed during the summer and winter of 2008. Total and fecal coliforms as well as enterococci bacteria were used as pollution indicators. Results showed that bacteria concentrations were higher in winter than summer, associated with Southern California rainy season. Bacteria loads in winter exceeded both the daily and monthly standards showing a clear effect of storm water runoff in the quality of Todos Santos Bay recreational beaches. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between bacteria concentration during summer and winter. The general behavior of the indicators based on daily and monthly standards from high to low was enterococci > FC > TC> total/fecal ratio. Water discharged from 3 sewage treatment plants were responsible for the pollution observed at stations, when the uptake capacity of plants exceeded the storage. During summer pollution was due to non-programmed discharges from sewage treatment plants.
文摘部编中学英语教材第五册第二课课文中有这样一个省略句:“What to do?”(p.15)。据上下文判断,其意义为“怎么办?”。课文后的注释(p.18注4)说“What to do?=“What is to do?”其意义为“怎么办?”。这种说法能成立吗?笔者认为What to do?作为省略句是英美人不愿接受的不好的英语;而What is to do?按美国纽约州立大学终身教授Eli·Seifman的说法,这句话是错误的。
文摘Todo Mongolian ancient books are widely scattered among people,and many scholars have made ef⁃forts to collect and organize Todo Mongolian ancient books.Mr.Batu is one of the outstanding representa⁃tives.The ancient books and related materials,notes,and other materials Todo Mongolian script he col⁃lected in are rich in content and have extremely high research value.They can provide valuable firsthand information for the academic community and promote in-depth research on the Tote Mongolian lan⁃guage.It is necessary to photocopy and publish them.
文摘In Japan, selective thinning is a common thinning method, though line thinning receives much attention because of its economic merits. In this study, we examined effects of the two thinning methods on bird communities in Todo fir （Abies sachalinensis） plantations in Hok- kaido, Japan. We surveyed bird species in forests under four different management types - unthinned, selectively thinned, line-thinned planta- tion, and naturally regenerated forest （here after referred to as natural forest） stands - using a line-transect method. We also investigated vege- tation structure （canopy tree and understory） of these stands. Bird species richness did not differ between natural forests and plantations, while bird total abundance was greater in plantations than in natural forests. Bird species richness and total abundance were comparable among the three management types for plantations. Abundances of 10 bird species were different among the four management types, and five species were more abundant in line-thinned plantations. However, two species were more abundant in selectively thinned stands than in line-thinned stands, and they frequently appeared in natural forests. There were no distinct differ- ences in vegetation structure among the management types for planta- tions. Our results suggest that line thinning could be beneficial for some bird species in plantations.
文摘Environmental bonds are a means to accounting for future environmental costs, yet examples of application in real-life scenarios are scarce, and estimation of fairness of the bonds is still poorly explored. We examined a recent Mexican Pacific maritime accident in which the aid of extra environmental assessments addressing long-lasting effects was needed, and contributed to the decision-making process of environmental authorities by means of an arrangement based on the legal figure of the environmental bond. The basis to estimate the bond was the cost of activities needed to fulfill compensatory measures, specifically, the cost of research programs that would set a baseline for monitoring long-lasting damage to the bottom. In order to proceed with analysis of environmental bonds, we employed cluster analysis for comparing mean depth, grain size, and composition and abundance of benthic fauna at the three sites set for monitoring long-lasting effects, under the assumption that no differences would mean bond overestimation whereas differences would mean fairness. The results show that the three sites were different enough to justify the spatial setting of three separate sampling campaigns, and that the bond was reasonably not overestimated. The approach appears suitable to address in a semi-analytical way current inquiries regarding fairness of the environmental bonds and so may contribute to the state of the art.
文摘Both the Todo Alphabet written with bambuu pen that is kept by Burintögs Khagai in County Zhaosu and the one written with soft brush that is kept by Namrjil Vjar have distinct characteristics in symbols for vowels,consonants,terminal letters and transcription letters.The two of them fundamentally adhered to the orthography established by Zaya Pandida and most likely were compiled in the transitional phase of the todo script.
文摘TODO machine learning has made significant advancements in the field of structural health monitoring,offering flexible and efficient solutions for detecting both local and global damage in various infrastructures.Local damage detection focuses on identifying cracks and spalling in specific areas of concrete structures such as bridges,highways,and tunnels.Techniques such as artificial neural networks(ANNs)and deep neural networks(DNNs)have been successfully employed for surface defect recognition,demonstrating their applicability across different structural contexts.Additionally,low-cost methods using devices like smartphones have been explored for quick road integrity assessments,proving to be both practical and affordable.Global damage detection encompasses the classification of structural collapse modes and damage types,utilizing feature extraction and deep learning models to enhance accuracy in identifying large-scale structural failures.These studies underscore the growing role of machine learning and computer vision in improving the resilience and monitoring of infrastructure systems.
