A histological and ultrastructural observation of CHA implanted intra-muscularly and subcutaneously had been reported- Our results showed that a mildinflammation developed at the early stage and disappeared 2 weeks af...A histological and ultrastructural observation of CHA implanted intra-muscularly and subcutaneously had been reported- Our results showed that a mildinflammation developed at the early stage and disappeared 2 weeks after implanta-tion. The infiltrating cells were mainly monocyte-macrophages, a number of fi-broblasts followed macrophags closely. It was possible that as CHA degrades,monocyte - mac rop hages continuouslyre leased inflammatory factors, thus enhanc-ing fibroblast proliferation activity and tissue regeneration. In addition, the het-erotopic calcification of collagen matrix was observed, suggesting that CHA prthmoted calcification deposition.展开更多
Environmental stresses that perturb plant Hwater relations influence abscisic acid(ABA) concentrations, but it is unclear whether long-distance ABA transport contributes to changes in local ABA levels. To determine th...Environmental stresses that perturb plant Hwater relations influence abscisic acid(ABA) concentrations, but it is unclear whether long-distance ABA transport contributes to changes in local ABA levels. To determine the physiological relevance of ABA transport, we made reciprocal-and self-grafts of ABA-deficient flacca mutant and wild-type(WT) tomato plants, in which low phosphorus(P) conditions decreased ABA concentrations while salinity increased ABA concentrations. Whereas foliar ABA concentrations in the WT scions were rootstock independent under control conditions, salinity resulted in long-distance transport of ABA: flacca scions had approximately twice as much ABA when grafted on WT rootstocks compared to flacca rootstocks. Root ABA concentrations were scion dependent: both WT and flacca rootstocks had less ABA with the flacca mutant scion than with the WT scion under control conditions. In WT scions, whereas rootstock genotype had limited effects on stomatal conductance under control conditions, a flacca rootstock decreased leaf area of stressed plants, presumably due to attenuated root-to-shoot ABA transport. In flacca scions, a WT rootstock decreased stomatal conductance but increased leaf area of stressed plants, likely due to enhanced root-to-shoot ABA transport. Thus, long-distance ABA transport can affect responses in distal tissues by changing local ABA concentrations.展开更多
Over the past 5 years there has been a rapid increase in the use of microarray technology in the field of cancer research, The majority of studies use microarray analysis of tumor biopsies for profiling of molecular c...Over the past 5 years there has been a rapid increase in the use of microarray technology in the field of cancer research, The majority of studies use microarray analysis of tumor biopsies for profiling of molecular characteristics in an attempt to produce robust classifiers for prognosis. There are now several published gene sets that have been shown to predict for aggressive forms of breast cancer, where patients are most likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy and tumors most likely to develop distant metastases, or be resistant to treatment. The number of publications relating to the use of microarrays for analysis of normal tissue damage, after cancer treatment or genotoxic exposure, is much more limited. A PublVled literature search was conducted using the following keywords and combination of terms： radiation, normal tissue, microarray, gene expression profiling, prediction. With respect to normal tissue radiation injury, microarrays have been used in three ways： （1） to generate gene signatures to identify sensitive and resistant populations （prognosis）; （2） to identify sets of biomarker genes for estimating radiation exposure, either accidental or as a result of terrorist attack （diagnosis）; （3） to identify genes and pathways involved in tissue response to injury （mechanistic）. In this article we will review all （relevant） papers that covered our literature search criteria on microarray technology as it has been applied to normal tissue radiation biology and discuss how successful this has been in defining predisposition markers for radiation sensitivity or how it has helped us to unravel molecular mechanisms leading to acute and late tissue toxicity. We also discuss some of the problems and limitations in application and interpretation of such data.展开更多
When an orthopedics device is implanted into bone injury site, it will contact the soft tissue （skeletal muscle, fascia, ligament etc.） except for bone. Magnesium based biodegradable metals are becoming an important...When an orthopedics device is implanted into bone injury site, it will contact the soft tissue （skeletal muscle, fascia, ligament etc.） except for bone. Magnesium based biodegradable metals are becoming an important research object in orthopedics due to their bioactivity to promote bone healing. In this study, pure Mg rods with and without chemical conversion coating were implanted into the muscle tissue of rabbits. Implants and their surrounding tissues were taken out for weight loss measurement, cross- sectional scanning electron microscopy observation, elemental distribution analysis and histological examination. The results showed that the chemical conversion coating would increase the in vivo cor- rosion resistance of pure Mg and decrease the accumulation of calcium （Ca） and phosphorus （P） elements around the implants. For the bare magnesium implant, both Ca and P contents in the surrounding tissues increased at the initial stage of implantation and then decreased at 12 weeks implantation, while for the magnesium with chemical conversion coating, Ca and P contents in the surrounding tissues de- creased with the implantation time, but were not significant. The histological results demonstrated that there was no calcification in the muscle tissue with implantation of magnesium for up to 12 weeks. The chemical conversion coating not only increased the in vivo corrosion resistance of pure Mg, but also avoided the depositions of Ca and P in the surrounding tissues, meaning that pure magnesium should be biosafe when contacting with muscle tissues,展开更多
AIM:To develop an experimental model of endogenous nerve growth factor(NGF)deprivation by retrobulbar administration of purified neutralizing anti-NGF antibodies in young Sprague-Dawley rats and provide further inform...AIM:To develop an experimental model of endogenous nerve growth factor(NGF)deprivation by retrobulbar administration of purified neutralizing anti-NGF antibodies in young Sprague-Dawley rats and provide further information on NGF expression in the retina and cornea.METHODS:Sixty old pathogen-free Sprague Dawley rats(p14,post-natal days)were treated with repeated retrobulbar injections of neutralizing anti-NGF(2μL,100μg/m L,every 3 d).After 2 wk(p28),retinal and corneal tissues were investigated for morphological,biochemical,and molecular expression of trkANGFR by using Western blotting or immunofluorescence.Rhodopsin as well as protein profile expression were also investigated.RESULTS:Chronic retrobulbar neutralizing anti-NGF antibodies changed the distribution of trkANGFR immunoreactivity at retinal level,while no changes were detected for global trkANGFR protein expression.By contrary,the treatment resulted in the increase of corneal trkANGFR expression.Retinal tissues showed a decreased rhodopsin expression as well as reduced number of both rhodopsin expressing and total retinal cells,as observed after single cell extraction.A decreased expression of ICAM-1,IL-17 and IL-13 as well as an increased expression of IL-21 typified retinal extracts.No significant changes were observed for corneal tissues.CONCLUSION:The reduced availability of endogenous NGF,as produced by chronic retrobulbar anti-NGF administration,produce a quick response from retinal tissues,with respect to corneal ones,suggesting the presence of early compensatory mechanisms to protect retinal networking.展开更多
The early fossil record of terrestrial arthropod herbivory consists of two pulses. The first pulse was concentrated during the latest Silurian to Early Devonian （417 to 403 Ma）, and consists of the earliest evidence...The early fossil record of terrestrial arthropod herbivory consists of two pulses. The first pulse was concentrated during the latest Silurian to Early Devonian （417 to 403 Ma）, and consists of the earliest evidence for consumption of sporangia and stems （and limited fungivore borings）. Herbivorization of most of these tissues was rapid, representing 0 to 20 million-year （m.y.） lags from the earliest occurrences of these organs in the fossil record to their initial consumption （Phase 1）. For approximately the next 75 m.y., there was a second, more histologically varied origination and expansion of roots, leaves, wood and seeds, whose earliest evidence for herbivorization occurred from the Middle-Late Mississippian boundary to the Middle Pennsylvanian （327 to 309 Ma）. The appearance of this second herbivory pulse during the later Paleozoic （Phase 2） is accompanied by major lags of 98 to 54 m.y. between times of appearance of each of the four organ and tissue types and their subsequent herbivory. Both pulses provide a context for three emerging questions. First is an explanation for the contrast between the near instantaneous consumption of plant tissues during Phase 1, versus the exceptionally long lags between the earliest occurrences of plant tissues and their subsequent herbivorization during Phase 2. Second is the identity of arthropod herbivores for both phases. Third is the cause behind the overwhelming targeting of seed-fern plant hosts during Phase 2. Regardless of the answers to these questions, the trace fossil record of plant-arthropod associations provides primary ecological data that remain unaddressed by the body-fossil record alone.展开更多
Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using 20 pigs for 120-days implantation,while one sirolimus-eluting stent was implanted into one of their coronary artery.At different time points,the residual sirolimus on the ...Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using 20 pigs for 120-days implantation,while one sirolimus-eluting stent was implanted into one of their coronary artery.At different time points,the residual sirolimus on the stent,delivered locally(to artery wall),regionally(to adjacent and downstream muscle)and systemically(to plasma and visceral organs),was detected throughout 120 days.Preclinical safety evaluation was performed using 32 pigs for 180-days implantation to study the safety of metal platform material and the effectiveness of sirolimus eluting coating on the HNS stent.The neointima area,restenosis rate and inflammatory grade for HNS and control group stents were detected and analyzed.Approximately 80%sirolimus was eluted from the sirolimuseluting stents after 30-days implantation in vivo.Additionally,there was sustained sirolimus in the artery wall,cardiac muscle and heart throughout 120-days implantation,and sirolimus accumulated to the peak at 90-days implantation.It was inferred that the sirolimus eluting stent in this study was covered by neointima before 90-days implantation,indicating that the sirolimus eluting coating on the HNS stent was safe and effective.Very little sirolimus was distributed in visceral organs after 14-days implantation.HNS sirolimus-eluting stent exhibited lower restenosis rate and lower inflammatory grade than control group,which verified that the sirolimus-eluting coating design in this study was reasonable and practical.In addition,there were no significant difference in restenosis rate and inflammatory score between HNS bare-metal stent and drug-eluting stents,illustrating that HNS has good bio-compatibility and is suitable to use as coronary artery stent material.展开更多
文摘A histological and ultrastructural observation of CHA implanted intra-muscularly and subcutaneously had been reported- Our results showed that a mildinflammation developed at the early stage and disappeared 2 weeks after implanta-tion. The infiltrating cells were mainly monocyte-macrophages, a number of fi-broblasts followed macrophags closely. It was possible that as CHA degrades,monocyte - mac rop hages continuouslyre leased inflammatory factors, thus enhanc-ing fibroblast proliferation activity and tissue regeneration. In addition, the het-erotopic calcification of collagen matrix was observed, suggesting that CHA prthmoted calcification deposition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31300327)Excellent Young Scientist Foundation of Henan University (yqpy20140030)the EU ROOTOPOWER (289365) project for supporting research on grafting
文摘Environmental stresses that perturb plant Hwater relations influence abscisic acid(ABA) concentrations, but it is unclear whether long-distance ABA transport contributes to changes in local ABA levels. To determine the physiological relevance of ABA transport, we made reciprocal-and self-grafts of ABA-deficient flacca mutant and wild-type(WT) tomato plants, in which low phosphorus(P) conditions decreased ABA concentrations while salinity increased ABA concentrations. Whereas foliar ABA concentrations in the WT scions were rootstock independent under control conditions, salinity resulted in long-distance transport of ABA: flacca scions had approximately twice as much ABA when grafted on WT rootstocks compared to flacca rootstocks. Root ABA concentrations were scion dependent: both WT and flacca rootstocks had less ABA with the flacca mutant scion than with the WT scion under control conditions. In WT scions, whereas rootstock genotype had limited effects on stomatal conductance under control conditions, a flacca rootstock decreased leaf area of stressed plants, presumably due to attenuated root-to-shoot ABA transport. In flacca scions, a WT rootstock decreased stomatal conductance but increased leaf area of stressed plants, likely due to enhanced root-to-shoot ABA transport. Thus, long-distance ABA transport can affect responses in distal tissues by changing local ABA concentrations.
文摘Over the past 5 years there has been a rapid increase in the use of microarray technology in the field of cancer research, The majority of studies use microarray analysis of tumor biopsies for profiling of molecular characteristics in an attempt to produce robust classifiers for prognosis. There are now several published gene sets that have been shown to predict for aggressive forms of breast cancer, where patients are most likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy and tumors most likely to develop distant metastases, or be resistant to treatment. The number of publications relating to the use of microarrays for analysis of normal tissue damage, after cancer treatment or genotoxic exposure, is much more limited. A PublVled literature search was conducted using the following keywords and combination of terms： radiation, normal tissue, microarray, gene expression profiling, prediction. With respect to normal tissue radiation injury, microarrays have been used in three ways： （1） to generate gene signatures to identify sensitive and resistant populations （prognosis）; （2） to identify sets of biomarker genes for estimating radiation exposure, either accidental or as a result of terrorist attack （diagnosis）; （3） to identify genes and pathways involved in tissue response to injury （mechanistic）. In this article we will review all （relevant） papers that covered our literature search criteria on microarray technology as it has been applied to normal tissue radiation biology and discuss how successful this has been in defining predisposition markers for radiation sensitivity or how it has helped us to unravel molecular mechanisms leading to acute and late tissue toxicity. We also discuss some of the problems and limitations in application and interpretation of such data.
基金financially supported by the National Science & Technology Pillar Program of China (No. 2012BAI18B01)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973 Program", No. 2012CB619101)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81171443)the Foundation of Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials
文摘When an orthopedics device is implanted into bone injury site, it will contact the soft tissue （skeletal muscle, fascia, ligament etc.） except for bone. Magnesium based biodegradable metals are becoming an important research object in orthopedics due to their bioactivity to promote bone healing. In this study, pure Mg rods with and without chemical conversion coating were implanted into the muscle tissue of rabbits. Implants and their surrounding tissues were taken out for weight loss measurement, cross- sectional scanning electron microscopy observation, elemental distribution analysis and histological examination. The results showed that the chemical conversion coating would increase the in vivo cor- rosion resistance of pure Mg and decrease the accumulation of calcium （Ca） and phosphorus （P） elements around the implants. For the bare magnesium implant, both Ca and P contents in the surrounding tissues increased at the initial stage of implantation and then decreased at 12 weeks implantation, while for the magnesium with chemical conversion coating, Ca and P contents in the surrounding tissues de- creased with the implantation time, but were not significant. The histological results demonstrated that there was no calcification in the muscle tissue with implantation of magnesium for up to 12 weeks. The chemical conversion coating not only increased the in vivo corrosion resistance of pure Mg, but also avoided the depositions of Ca and P in the surrounding tissues, meaning that pure magnesium should be biosafe when contacting with muscle tissues,
基金Balzamino BO,Esposito G and Micera A were supported by the Italian Ministry of Health(No.RC2761596)and Fondazione Roma(Rome,Italy)Rocco ML and Aloe L were supported by Fondazione IRET(Ozzano Emilia,Bologna,Italy)and Associazione NGF ONLUS(Rome,Italy)。
文摘AIM:To develop an experimental model of endogenous nerve growth factor(NGF)deprivation by retrobulbar administration of purified neutralizing anti-NGF antibodies in young Sprague-Dawley rats and provide further information on NGF expression in the retina and cornea.METHODS:Sixty old pathogen-free Sprague Dawley rats(p14,post-natal days)were treated with repeated retrobulbar injections of neutralizing anti-NGF(2μL,100μg/m L,every 3 d).After 2 wk(p28),retinal and corneal tissues were investigated for morphological,biochemical,and molecular expression of trkANGFR by using Western blotting or immunofluorescence.Rhodopsin as well as protein profile expression were also investigated.RESULTS:Chronic retrobulbar neutralizing anti-NGF antibodies changed the distribution of trkANGFR immunoreactivity at retinal level,while no changes were detected for global trkANGFR protein expression.By contrary,the treatment resulted in the increase of corneal trkANGFR expression.Retinal tissues showed a decreased rhodopsin expression as well as reduced number of both rhodopsin expressing and total retinal cells,as observed after single cell extraction.A decreased expression of ICAM-1,IL-17 and IL-13 as well as an increased expression of IL-21 typified retinal extracts.No significant changes were observed for corneal tissues.CONCLUSION:The reduced availability of endogenous NGF,as produced by chronic retrobulbar anti-NGF administration,produce a quick response from retinal tissues,with respect to corneal ones,suggesting the presence of early compensatory mechanisms to protect retinal networking.
文摘The early fossil record of terrestrial arthropod herbivory consists of two pulses. The first pulse was concentrated during the latest Silurian to Early Devonian （417 to 403 Ma）, and consists of the earliest evidence for consumption of sporangia and stems （and limited fungivore borings）. Herbivorization of most of these tissues was rapid, representing 0 to 20 million-year （m.y.） lags from the earliest occurrences of these organs in the fossil record to their initial consumption （Phase 1）. For approximately the next 75 m.y., there was a second, more histologically varied origination and expansion of roots, leaves, wood and seeds, whose earliest evidence for herbivorization occurred from the Middle-Late Mississippian boundary to the Middle Pennsylvanian （327 to 309 Ma）. The appearance of this second herbivory pulse during the later Paleozoic （Phase 2） is accompanied by major lags of 98 to 54 m.y. between times of appearance of each of the four organ and tissue types and their subsequent herbivory. Both pulses provide a context for three emerging questions. First is an explanation for the contrast between the near instantaneous consumption of plant tissues during Phase 1, versus the exceptionally long lags between the earliest occurrences of plant tissues and their subsequent herbivorization during Phase 2. Second is the identity of arthropod herbivores for both phases. Third is the cause behind the overwhelming targeting of seed-fern plant hosts during Phase 2. Regardless of the answers to these questions, the trace fossil record of plant-arthropod associations provides primary ecological data that remain unaddressed by the body-fossil record alone.
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LD22E030008)National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20262)+2 种基金the Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission (2022483477)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (226-2023-00074)supported by Zhejiang University K. P. Chao’s High Technology Development Foundation
基金financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(NO.2016YFC1102404 and NO.2016YFC1102405)Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative(Grant No.2018FYE0005)National Natural Science Fund of China(81670319,81521001).
文摘Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using 20 pigs for 120-days implantation,while one sirolimus-eluting stent was implanted into one of their coronary artery.At different time points,the residual sirolimus on the stent,delivered locally(to artery wall),regionally(to adjacent and downstream muscle)and systemically(to plasma and visceral organs),was detected throughout 120 days.Preclinical safety evaluation was performed using 32 pigs for 180-days implantation to study the safety of metal platform material and the effectiveness of sirolimus eluting coating on the HNS stent.The neointima area,restenosis rate and inflammatory grade for HNS and control group stents were detected and analyzed.Approximately 80%sirolimus was eluted from the sirolimuseluting stents after 30-days implantation in vivo.Additionally,there was sustained sirolimus in the artery wall,cardiac muscle and heart throughout 120-days implantation,and sirolimus accumulated to the peak at 90-days implantation.It was inferred that the sirolimus eluting stent in this study was covered by neointima before 90-days implantation,indicating that the sirolimus eluting coating on the HNS stent was safe and effective.Very little sirolimus was distributed in visceral organs after 14-days implantation.HNS sirolimus-eluting stent exhibited lower restenosis rate and lower inflammatory grade than control group,which verified that the sirolimus-eluting coating design in this study was reasonable and practical.In addition,there were no significant difference in restenosis rate and inflammatory score between HNS bare-metal stent and drug-eluting stents,illustrating that HNS has good bio-compatibility and is suitable to use as coronary artery stent material.
