Tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） use in the treatment of isch- emic stroke： tPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the breakdown of blood dots. Because of its thrombolytic properties, tPA is used to treat specif...Tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） use in the treatment of isch- emic stroke： tPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the breakdown of blood dots. Because of its thrombolytic properties, tPA is used to treat specific types of stroke, including ischemia, but is contra- indicated for treatment of hemorrhagic stroke or head trauma. Although a life saving and powerful ＇dot buster＇, tPA has a short therapeutic window. When administered outside of this prescribed timeframe, research suggests that tPA can produce neurotoxic ef- fects in the brain, due in part to activation of several signalling pro- cesses associated with cell apoptosis, degradation of the extracel- lular matrix, and increase in the permeability of the neurovascular unit （Yepes et al., 2009）. Concerted research has been dedicated to- ward understanding the mechanisms mediating the impact of tPA on the brain, using both in vivo and in vitro animal models.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To observe the localization of adrenomedullin (AM) in rat kidney tissue and its inhibitory effect on the growth of cultured rat mesangial cells (MsC). METHODS: A monoclonal antibody against AM developed by ...OBJECTIVE: To observe the localization of adrenomedullin (AM) in rat kidney tissue and its inhibitory effect on the growth of cultured rat mesangial cells (MsC). METHODS: A monoclonal antibody against AM developed by our laboratory was used to detect the localization of AM protein in rat kidney tissue by avidin-biotin complex immunohistochemistry. The expressions of AM and its receptor CRLR mRNA on cultured glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) and MsC were investigated by Northern blot assay, and the possible effect of AM secreted by GEC on MsC proliferation was observed using [3H]thymidine incorporation as an index. RESULTS: A specific monoclonal antibody against AM was succesfully developed. AM was immunohistochemically localized mainly in glomeruli (GEC and endothelial cells), some cortical proximal tubules, medullary collecting duct cells, interstitial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. Northern blot assay showed that AM mRNA was expressed only on cultured GEC, but not on MsC, however, AM receptor CRLR mRNA was only expressed on MsC. GEC conditioned medium containing AM can inhibit MsC growth and AM receptor blocker CGRP8-37 may partially decreased this inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION: AM produced by GEC inhibits the proliferation of MsC, which suggests that AM as an important regulator is involved in glomerular normal physiological functions and pathologic processes.展开更多
The toxicity of acetaldehyde and age related changes on oxidoreductases in the liver,brain, kidney, and musele of female albino rats (Wistar strain) were studied. The specific activities of lactate [LDH], isocitrate [...The toxicity of acetaldehyde and age related changes on oxidoreductases in the liver,brain, kidney, and musele of female albino rats (Wistar strain) were studied. The specific activities of lactate [LDH], isocitrate [ICDH (NAD/NADP)], succinate [SDH], malate [MDH], glutamate [GDH] and glucose-6-Phosphate [G-6-PDH] dehydrogenases were signifieantly inereased as a function of age. However, acetaldehyde treatment significantly inhibited oxidoreductases in the tissues of 21, 90 and 180 day old rats. Liver enzymes of young (21 days) rats exhibited greater sensitivity to acetaldehyde toxicity. Similar inhibition of oxidoreductases in brain and kidney of adult (180 days) rats treated with acetaldehyde was observed. LDH and GDH as compared to other enzymes studied showed higher susceptibility to acetaldehyde toxicity. The differential sensitivity of tissues and inhibition of oxidoreductases by acetaldehyde as a function of age could be attributed to hypoxic conditions, energy crisis, and mitochondrial structural changes. The results suggest that acetaldehyde affects oxidation of glucose via HMP shuni pathway, glycolytic pathway and Krebs cycle resulting in the impairment of carbohydrate metabolism展开更多
Boundary effect in digital pathology is a phenomenon where the tissue shapes of biopsy samples get distorted during the sampling process.The morphological pattern of an epithelial layer is greatly affected.Theoretical...Boundary effect in digital pathology is a phenomenon where the tissue shapes of biopsy samples get distorted during the sampling process.The morphological pattern of an epithelial layer is greatly affected.Theoretically,the shape deformation model can normalise the distortions,but it needs a 2D image.Curvatures theory,on the other hand,is not yet tested on digital pathology images.Therefore,this work proposed a curvature detection to reduce the boundary effects and estimates the epithelial layer.The boundary effect on the tissue surfaces is normalised using the frequency of a curve deviates from being a straight line.The epithelial layer’s depth is estimated from the tissue edges and the connected nucleolus only.Then,the textural and spatial features along the estimated layer are used for dysplastic tissue detection.The proposed method achieved better performance compared to the whole tissue regions in terms of detecting dysplastic tissue.The result shows a leap of kappa points from fair to a substantial agreement with the expert’s ground truth classification.The improved results demonstrate that curvatures have been effective in reducing the boundary effects on the epithelial layer of tissue.Thus,quantifying and classifying the morphological patterns for dysplasia can be automated.The textural and spatial features on the detected epithelial layer can capture the changes in tissue.展开更多
The thermal effects induced by a moderate intensity focused ultrasound and enhanced by combined laser pulses for bio-tissues and tissue-phantom are studied experimentally and theoretically. At first, the heating effec...The thermal effects induced by a moderate intensity focused ultrasound and enhanced by combined laser pulses for bio-tissues and tissue-phantom are studied experimentally and theoretically. At first, the heating effects of bio-tissues and tissue-phantom induced by ultrasound and enhanced by laser are measured experimentally. The heating processes induced by attenuations of focused ultrasonic waves and cavitation effects of the focused ultrasound and combined laser are analyzed theoretically. By analyzing the mechanisms of these effects, it is found that the laser nucleation makes the cavitation bubble generation more easily, which can effectively enhance the ultrasonic cavitation effects, and then enhance the thermal effects of the samples. On the other hand, to evaluate quantitatively the heating processes induced by the focused ultrasound and enhanced by the pulsed laser, by fitting the theoretical calculations to the experimental results, the corresponding cavitation bubbles and rising temperatures induced by the focused ultrasound with and without laser can be estimated approximately.展开更多
Objective To investigate the influence of different diets on serum protein expression levels of 4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE),thioredoxin(Trx),thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)and the sctivities of Trx and TrxR,and to explore the...Objective To investigate the influence of different diets on serum protein expression levels of 4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE),thioredoxin(Trx),thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)and the sctivities of Trx and TrxR,and to explore the effect of damage to the lung tissue and the underlying mechanisms of different body mass index caused by different diets in the rat models.Methods展开更多
文摘Tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） use in the treatment of isch- emic stroke： tPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the breakdown of blood dots. Because of its thrombolytic properties, tPA is used to treat specific types of stroke, including ischemia, but is contra- indicated for treatment of hemorrhagic stroke or head trauma. Although a life saving and powerful ＇dot buster＇, tPA has a short therapeutic window. When administered outside of this prescribed timeframe, research suggests that tPA can produce neurotoxic ef- fects in the brain, due in part to activation of several signalling pro- cesses associated with cell apoptosis, degradation of the extracel- lular matrix, and increase in the permeability of the neurovascular unit （Yepes et al., 2009）. Concerted research has been dedicated to- ward understanding the mechanisms mediating the impact of tPA on the brain, using both in vivo and in vitro animal models.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To observe the localization of adrenomedullin (AM) in rat kidney tissue and its inhibitory effect on the growth of cultured rat mesangial cells (MsC). METHODS: A monoclonal antibody against AM developed by our laboratory was used to detect the localization of AM protein in rat kidney tissue by avidin-biotin complex immunohistochemistry. The expressions of AM and its receptor CRLR mRNA on cultured glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) and MsC were investigated by Northern blot assay, and the possible effect of AM secreted by GEC on MsC proliferation was observed using [3H]thymidine incorporation as an index. RESULTS: A specific monoclonal antibody against AM was succesfully developed. AM was immunohistochemically localized mainly in glomeruli (GEC and endothelial cells), some cortical proximal tubules, medullary collecting duct cells, interstitial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. Northern blot assay showed that AM mRNA was expressed only on cultured GEC, but not on MsC, however, AM receptor CRLR mRNA was only expressed on MsC. GEC conditioned medium containing AM can inhibit MsC growth and AM receptor blocker CGRP8-37 may partially decreased this inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION: AM produced by GEC inhibits the proliferation of MsC, which suggests that AM as an important regulator is involved in glomerular normal physiological functions and pathologic processes.
文摘The toxicity of acetaldehyde and age related changes on oxidoreductases in the liver,brain, kidney, and musele of female albino rats (Wistar strain) were studied. The specific activities of lactate [LDH], isocitrate [ICDH (NAD/NADP)], succinate [SDH], malate [MDH], glutamate [GDH] and glucose-6-Phosphate [G-6-PDH] dehydrogenases were signifieantly inereased as a function of age. However, acetaldehyde treatment significantly inhibited oxidoreductases in the tissues of 21, 90 and 180 day old rats. Liver enzymes of young (21 days) rats exhibited greater sensitivity to acetaldehyde toxicity. Similar inhibition of oxidoreductases in brain and kidney of adult (180 days) rats treated with acetaldehyde was observed. LDH and GDH as compared to other enzymes studied showed higher susceptibility to acetaldehyde toxicity. The differential sensitivity of tissues and inhibition of oxidoreductases by acetaldehyde as a function of age could be attributed to hypoxic conditions, energy crisis, and mitochondrial structural changes. The results suggest that acetaldehyde affects oxidation of glucose via HMP shuni pathway, glycolytic pathway and Krebs cycle resulting in the impairment of carbohydrate metabolism
基金supported by the Center for Research and Innovation Management[CRIM]Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia[Grant No.FRGS-1-2019-ICT02-UKM02-6]and Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia.
文摘Boundary effect in digital pathology is a phenomenon where the tissue shapes of biopsy samples get distorted during the sampling process.The morphological pattern of an epithelial layer is greatly affected.Theoretically,the shape deformation model can normalise the distortions,but it needs a 2D image.Curvatures theory,on the other hand,is not yet tested on digital pathology images.Therefore,this work proposed a curvature detection to reduce the boundary effects and estimates the epithelial layer.The boundary effect on the tissue surfaces is normalised using the frequency of a curve deviates from being a straight line.The epithelial layer’s depth is estimated from the tissue edges and the connected nucleolus only.Then,the textural and spatial features along the estimated layer are used for dysplastic tissue detection.The proposed method achieved better performance compared to the whole tissue regions in terms of detecting dysplastic tissue.The result shows a leap of kappa points from fair to a substantial agreement with the expert’s ground truth classification.The improved results demonstrate that curvatures have been effective in reducing the boundary effects on the epithelial layer of tissue.Thus,quantifying and classifying the morphological patterns for dysplasia can be automated.The textural and spatial features on the detected epithelial layer can capture the changes in tissue.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11304160)Special Funds for Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine Research in Public Interest of China(201510068)
文摘The thermal effects induced by a moderate intensity focused ultrasound and enhanced by combined laser pulses for bio-tissues and tissue-phantom are studied experimentally and theoretically. At first, the heating effects of bio-tissues and tissue-phantom induced by ultrasound and enhanced by laser are measured experimentally. The heating processes induced by attenuations of focused ultrasonic waves and cavitation effects of the focused ultrasound and combined laser are analyzed theoretically. By analyzing the mechanisms of these effects, it is found that the laser nucleation makes the cavitation bubble generation more easily, which can effectively enhance the ultrasonic cavitation effects, and then enhance the thermal effects of the samples. On the other hand, to evaluate quantitatively the heating processes induced by the focused ultrasound and enhanced by the pulsed laser, by fitting the theoretical calculations to the experimental results, the corresponding cavitation bubbles and rising temperatures induced by the focused ultrasound with and without laser can be estimated approximately.
文摘Objective To investigate the influence of different diets on serum protein expression levels of 4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE),thioredoxin(Trx),thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)and the sctivities of Trx and TrxR,and to explore the effect of damage to the lung tissue and the underlying mechanisms of different body mass index caused by different diets in the rat models.Methods
