Intermittent fasting is a novel dietary intervention that has been demonstrated to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy and reduce complications.Time-restricted eating is a specific form of intermittent fasting.It u...Intermittent fasting is a novel dietary intervention that has been demonstrated to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy and reduce complications.Time-restricted eating is a specific form of intermittent fasting.It usually restricts only the daily eating window and not the amount of calories consumed.In addition to providing a means for weight management and improving metabolism like other intermittent fasting methods,time-restricted eating also synchronizes circadian rhythms and affects autophagy levels,which has potential antiaging effects.Some studies have shown that time-restricted eating can prevent tumorigenesis and slow tumor progression.Moreover,because of its simplicity and mild adverse effects,time-restricted eating is safe and has a high rate of compliance.It may be used an adjuvant therapy and may be part of a healthy lifestyle suitable for long term by cancer patients or those at high risk of developing specific cancers.This article expounds on the potential impact of time-restricted eating on the prevention and treatment of cancer,as well as the potential mechanism(s)of action.There are 3 main aspects considered to be impacted by time-restricted eating:improving obesity and metabolic disorders,synchronizing the circadian rhythm,and upregulating autophagy.We herein present the current research progress related to the effects of time-restricted eating on malignant tumors.The purpose of this review is to provide a theoretical basis and direction for future research to explore the potential of time-restricted eating as a nutritional intervention to prevent the occurrence of cancer and as a treatment or adjuvant therapy for cancer.We believe that this approach may be conducive to improving the nutritional status of cancer patients and improving their prognosis and quality of life.展开更多
Background: Time-restricted feeding(TRF) is a dieting strategy based on nutrients availability and diurnal rhythm,shown to improve lipid metabolism efficiency. We have demonstrated previously that retinoic acid-relate...Background: Time-restricted feeding(TRF) is a dieting strategy based on nutrients availability and diurnal rhythm,shown to improve lipid metabolism efficiency. We have demonstrated previously that retinoic acid-related(RAR)orphan receptor(ROR) γ is the primary transcription factor controlling cholesterol(CHO) biosynthesis program of animals. However, the functional role of RORγ in liver physiology of pigs in response to TRF has not been determined, largely due to the lack of functional models and molecular tools. In the present study, we established porcine liver organoids and subjected them to restricted nutrients supply for 10-h during the light portion of the day.Results: Our results showed that TRF regimen did not alter hepatocyte physiology, including unchanged cell viability, caspase 3/7 enzyme activity and the gene signature of cell proliferation in porcine liver organoids,compared to the control group(P > 0.05). Furthermore, we found that TRF downregulated the hepatic CHO biosynthesis program at both mRNA and protein levels, along with the reduced cellular CHO content in porcine liver organoids(P < 0.05). Using unbiased bioinformatic analysis of a previous ChIP-seq data and ChIP-qPCR validation, we revealed RORγ as the predominant transcription factor that responded to TRF, amongst the 12 targeted nuclear receptors(NRs)(P < 0.05). This was likely through RORγ direct binding to the MVK gene(encoding mevalonate kinase). Finally, we showed that RORγ agonists and overexpression enhanced the enrichment of cofactor p300, histone marks H3 K27 ac and H3K4me1/2, as well as RNA polymerase II(Pol-II) at the locus of MVK, in TRF-porcine liver organoids, compared to TRF-vector control(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that TRF triggers the RORγ-mediated chromatin remodeling at the locus of CHO biosynthesis genes in porcine liver organoids and further improves lipid metabolism.展开更多
BACKGROUND Time-restricted eating(TRE)is a dietary approach that limits eating to a set number of hours per day.Human studies on the effects of TRE intervention on cardiometabolic health have been contradictory.Hetero...BACKGROUND Time-restricted eating(TRE)is a dietary approach that limits eating to a set number of hours per day.Human studies on the effects of TRE intervention on cardiometabolic health have been contradictory.Heterogeneity in subjects and TRE interventions have led to inconsistency in results.Furthermore,the impact of the duration of eating/fasting in the TRE approach has yet to be fully explored.AIM To analyze the existing literature on the effects of TRE with different eating durations on anthropometrics and cardiometabolic health markers in adults with excessive weight and obesity-related metabolic diseases.METHODS We reviewed a series of prominent scientific databases,including Medline,Scopus,Web of Science,Academic Search Complete,and Cochrane Library articles to identify published clinical trials on daily TRE in adults with excessive weight and obesity-related metabolic diseases.Randomized controlled trials were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials(RoB-2).Outcomes of interest include body weight,waist circumference,fat mass,lean body mass,fasting glucose,insulin,HbA1c,homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),lipid profiles,C-reactive protein,blood pressure,and heart rate.RESULTS Fifteen studies were included in our systematic review.TRE significantly reduces body weight,waist circumference,fat mass,lean body mass,blood glucose,insulin,and triglyceride.However,no significant changes were observed in HbA1c,HOMA-IR,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,heart rate,systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Furthermore,subgroup analyses based on the duration of the eating window revealed significant variation in the effects of TRE intervention depending on the length of the eating window.CONCLUSION TRE is a promising chrononutrition-based dietary approach for improving anthropometric and cardiometabolic health.However,further clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal eating duration in TRE intervention for cardiovascular disease prevention.展开更多
Background and Objectives:Obesity and obesity-related diseases is increasing worldwide.The widely accepted approach in the dietary treatment of obesity is the calorie-restricted six meal diet;however,alternative appro...Background and Objectives:Obesity and obesity-related diseases is increasing worldwide.The widely accepted approach in the dietary treatment of obesity is the calorie-restricted six meal diet;however,alternative approaches are needed.This study aimed to compare time-restricted eating(TRE),a method that can be easily conveyed and applied in over-coming obesity,to six meals diet.Methods and Study Design:A total of 174 participants aged 18-65,BMI>25 kg/m2 were included,with 88 participants in the time-restricted eating group and 86 participants in the six-meal group.Diet lists with similar calorie,macro counts suitable for their respective groups were pre pared.Anthropometric measurements,blood pressure,blood tests were analyzed before the study and at the end of the 8-week.Results:More weight loss[MD:1.17 kg,(95%CI:0.23-2.06),Cohen’s d=0.42],higher decrease in BMI[MD:0.41 kg/m2(95%CI:-0.77 to-0.06),Cohen’s d=0.39],decrease in waist-to-hip ratio[MD:0.008(95%CI:-0.016-0.000),Cohen’s d=0.35],decrease in obesity degree[MD:2.35(95%CI:-3.99 to-0.70),Co hen’s d=0.50]were observed in the time-restricted eating group(p<0.05).In the six meals group,decrease in LDL values was higher compared to the time-restricted eating group[p<0.05,MD:0.23 mmol/L(95%Cl:0.41-15.79),Cohen’s d=0.36].More participants preferred to continue TRE(p<0.001).Conclusions:TRE resulted in greater weight loss,body fat reduction,and improved metabolic parameters,proving more effective for weight management.The six-meal diet was superior for LDL reduction.Both approaches yielded positive outcomes,with TRE emerging as an alternative weight loss strategy.展开更多
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a dietary strategy used to prevent and treat obesity in both sexes. However, TRF affects liver metabolism differently in males and females, and the mechanisms behind these differences ...Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a dietary strategy used to prevent and treat obesity in both sexes. However, TRF affects liver metabolism differently in males and females, and the mechanisms behind these differences remain unclear. Our study reveals that during TRF, female livers are more likely to break down amino acids (AAs) to synthesize fats, while male livers significantly reduce fatty acid synthesis. The changes in the liver’s AA metabolic profile after gonadectomy suggest that estrogen signaling is crucial for regulating AA metabolism in females during TRF. Additionally, we demonstrate that hepatic estrogen receptor α (ERα)-mediated AA metabolism contributes to the sex-specific effects of TRF on liver metabolism. These findings offer new insights into the molecular mechanisms of TRF and its potential clinical application for treating fatty liver and other metabolic disorders. They also emphasize the need to consider sex differences when developing nutritional and pharmacological treatments for metabolic diseases in females.展开更多
In this paper,we consider relativization of measure-theoretical-restricted sensitivity.For a given topological dynamical system,we define conditional measure-theoretical-restricted asymptotic rate with respect to sensi...In this paper,we consider relativization of measure-theoretical-restricted sensitivity.For a given topological dynamical system,we define conditional measure-theoretical-restricted asymptotic rate with respect to sensitivity and obtain that it equals to the reciprocal of the Brin–Katok local entropy for almost every point under the conditional measure.展开更多
Huntington’s disease(HD)is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder caused by aggregation of the mutant huntingtin(mHTT)protein,resulting from a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene HTT.HD is characterized by ...Huntington’s disease(HD)is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder caused by aggregation of the mutant huntingtin(mHTT)protein,resulting from a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene HTT.HD is characterized by a variety of debilitating symptoms including involuntary movements,cognitive impairment,and psychiatric disturbances.Despite considerable efforts,effective disease-modifying treatments for HD remain elusive,necessitating exploration of novel therapeutic approaches,including lifestyle modifications that could delay symptom onset and disease progression.Recent studies suggest that time-restricted eating(TRE),a form of intermittent fasting involving daily caloric intake within a limited time window,may hold promise in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases,including HD.TRE has been shown to improve mitochondrial function,upregulate autophagy,reduce oxidative stress,regulate the sleep-wake cycle,and enhance cognitive function.In this review,we explore the potential therapeutic role of TRE in HD,focusing on its underlying physiological mechanisms.We discuss how TRE might enhance the clearance of mHTT,recover striatal brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels,improve mitochondrial function and stress-response pathways,and synchronize circadian rhythm activity.Understanding these mechanisms is critical for the development of targeted lifestyle interventions to mitigate HD pathology and improve patient outcomes.While the potential benefits of TRE in HD animal models are encouraging,future comprehensive clinical trials will be necessary to evaluate its safety,feasibility,and efficacy in persons with HD.展开更多
To assess the effects of a time-restricted feeding(TRF)regimen on meat quality of pigs exposed to high ambient temperature,a two-month feeding and heat treatment(HT)trial was conducted using a 2×2 factorial desig...To assess the effects of a time-restricted feeding(TRF)regimen on meat quality of pigs exposed to high ambient temperature,a two-month feeding and heat treatment(HT)trial was conducted using a 2×2 factorial design.A total of 24 growing pigs(11.0±1.9 kg)were randomly divided into four groups:thermal neutral group(NT,24±3°C),HT group(exposed to a high temperature at 35±2°C from 11:00 to 15:00),TRF group and HT+TRF group(HT and TRF co-treatment group,n=6 for each group).Pigs in TRF groups got access to feed within 5 h from 9:00 to14:00,while the others were fed at 6:00,11:30,and 16:00.All pigs received the same diet during the trail.The results showed that HT increased the drip loss,shear force,lightness,and malondialdehyde production in Longissimus thoracis et lumborum(LTL)muscle.TRF reversely reduced the shear force and drip loss,accompanied by decreased intramuscular fat and increased moisture content.Enhanced fiber transformation from type 1 to type 2b and down-regulated expression of muscle growth-related genes were observed by HT,while TRF suppressed the fiber transformation and expression of muscle atrophy-related genes.Furthermore,TRF restored the diminished protein expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in LTL muscle by chronic HT.Accumulation of HSP70 in muscle of HT group was reduced by treatment of TRF.HT declined the expression of vital genes involved in fatty acids poly-desaturation and the proportion of(polyunsaturated fatty acids)PUFAs,mainly omega-6 in LTL muscle,while TRF group promoted the expression of poly-desaturation pathway and displayed the highest proportion of PUFAs.These results demonstrated that TRF relieved the chronic high temperature affected meat quality by the restored expression of Nrf2/HO-1 anti-oxidative cascade,modified muscle fiber composition,and enriched PUFAs in LTL muscle.展开更多
The suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN)is the master circadian pacemaker that drives body temperature rhythm.Time-restricted feeding(TRF)has potential as a preventative or therapeutic approach against many diseases.The poten...The suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN)is the master circadian pacemaker that drives body temperature rhythm.Time-restricted feeding(TRF)has potential as a preventative or therapeutic approach against many diseases.The potential side effects of TRF remain unknown.Here we show that daily 4-h TRF treatment in mice can severely impair body temperature homeostasis and can result in lethality.Nearly half of the mice died at 21℃,and all mice died at 18℃during 4-h TRF.This effect was modulated by the circadian clock and was associated with severe hypothermia due to loss of body temperature homeostasis.Remarkably,disrupting the circadian clock by SCN lesions or constant light rescued lethality during TRF.Analysis of circadian gene expression in the dorsomedial hypothalamus(DMH)demonstrated that TRF reprograms rhythmic transcriptome in DMH and suppresses expression of genes,such as Ccr5 and Calcrl,which are involved in thermoregulation.Together,our results demonstrated a potent effect of TRF on body temperature homeostasis and the role of SCN function in this process.Our results further suggested that circadian arrhythmicity can have potential beneficial effects under certain stress conditions.展开更多
Obesity and other metabolic syndromes such as hypertension,type 2 diabetes,and hyperlipidemia remain a major public health burden worldwide.Apart from higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases,obesity and other abno...Obesity and other metabolic syndromes such as hypertension,type 2 diabetes,and hyperlipidemia remain a major public health burden worldwide.Apart from higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases,obesity and other abnormal metabolic status also promote cancer development and poor prognosis of cancer patients(1-3).In addition to using different surgical modalities(4),weight management through lifestyle changes has proven to be a more economical and low-risk approach.For obese patients,whether daily caloric intake can be reasonably restricted is recognized as an important strategy for solving their problem.In the past few years,intermittent fasting(IF),especially time-restricted feeding(TRF),has shown good clinical weight loss effect(>5%loss from baseline)(5).Moreover,people who participate in IF or TRF can often show good compliance,because compared with traditional dieting,IF or TRF does not require participants to record the specific calories of each meal in detail,participants only need to eat within the specified time period and not have any caloric intake at any other time.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81870299).
文摘Intermittent fasting is a novel dietary intervention that has been demonstrated to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy and reduce complications.Time-restricted eating is a specific form of intermittent fasting.It usually restricts only the daily eating window and not the amount of calories consumed.In addition to providing a means for weight management and improving metabolism like other intermittent fasting methods,time-restricted eating also synchronizes circadian rhythms and affects autophagy levels,which has potential antiaging effects.Some studies have shown that time-restricted eating can prevent tumorigenesis and slow tumor progression.Moreover,because of its simplicity and mild adverse effects,time-restricted eating is safe and has a high rate of compliance.It may be used an adjuvant therapy and may be part of a healthy lifestyle suitable for long term by cancer patients or those at high risk of developing specific cancers.This article expounds on the potential impact of time-restricted eating on the prevention and treatment of cancer,as well as the potential mechanism(s)of action.There are 3 main aspects considered to be impacted by time-restricted eating:improving obesity and metabolic disorders,synchronizing the circadian rhythm,and upregulating autophagy.We herein present the current research progress related to the effects of time-restricted eating on malignant tumors.The purpose of this review is to provide a theoretical basis and direction for future research to explore the potential of time-restricted eating as a nutritional intervention to prevent the occurrence of cancer and as a treatment or adjuvant therapy for cancer.We believe that this approach may be conducive to improving the nutritional status of cancer patients and improving their prognosis and quality of life.
基金supported by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Yangzhou University (X20200616)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Background: Time-restricted feeding(TRF) is a dieting strategy based on nutrients availability and diurnal rhythm,shown to improve lipid metabolism efficiency. We have demonstrated previously that retinoic acid-related(RAR)orphan receptor(ROR) γ is the primary transcription factor controlling cholesterol(CHO) biosynthesis program of animals. However, the functional role of RORγ in liver physiology of pigs in response to TRF has not been determined, largely due to the lack of functional models and molecular tools. In the present study, we established porcine liver organoids and subjected them to restricted nutrients supply for 10-h during the light portion of the day.Results: Our results showed that TRF regimen did not alter hepatocyte physiology, including unchanged cell viability, caspase 3/7 enzyme activity and the gene signature of cell proliferation in porcine liver organoids,compared to the control group(P > 0.05). Furthermore, we found that TRF downregulated the hepatic CHO biosynthesis program at both mRNA and protein levels, along with the reduced cellular CHO content in porcine liver organoids(P < 0.05). Using unbiased bioinformatic analysis of a previous ChIP-seq data and ChIP-qPCR validation, we revealed RORγ as the predominant transcription factor that responded to TRF, amongst the 12 targeted nuclear receptors(NRs)(P < 0.05). This was likely through RORγ direct binding to the MVK gene(encoding mevalonate kinase). Finally, we showed that RORγ agonists and overexpression enhanced the enrichment of cofactor p300, histone marks H3 K27 ac and H3K4me1/2, as well as RNA polymerase II(Pol-II) at the locus of MVK, in TRF-porcine liver organoids, compared to TRF-vector control(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that TRF triggers the RORγ-mediated chromatin remodeling at the locus of CHO biosynthesis genes in porcine liver organoids and further improves lipid metabolism.
文摘BACKGROUND Time-restricted eating(TRE)is a dietary approach that limits eating to a set number of hours per day.Human studies on the effects of TRE intervention on cardiometabolic health have been contradictory.Heterogeneity in subjects and TRE interventions have led to inconsistency in results.Furthermore,the impact of the duration of eating/fasting in the TRE approach has yet to be fully explored.AIM To analyze the existing literature on the effects of TRE with different eating durations on anthropometrics and cardiometabolic health markers in adults with excessive weight and obesity-related metabolic diseases.METHODS We reviewed a series of prominent scientific databases,including Medline,Scopus,Web of Science,Academic Search Complete,and Cochrane Library articles to identify published clinical trials on daily TRE in adults with excessive weight and obesity-related metabolic diseases.Randomized controlled trials were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials(RoB-2).Outcomes of interest include body weight,waist circumference,fat mass,lean body mass,fasting glucose,insulin,HbA1c,homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),lipid profiles,C-reactive protein,blood pressure,and heart rate.RESULTS Fifteen studies were included in our systematic review.TRE significantly reduces body weight,waist circumference,fat mass,lean body mass,blood glucose,insulin,and triglyceride.However,no significant changes were observed in HbA1c,HOMA-IR,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,heart rate,systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Furthermore,subgroup analyses based on the duration of the eating window revealed significant variation in the effects of TRE intervention depending on the length of the eating window.CONCLUSION TRE is a promising chrononutrition-based dietary approach for improving anthropometric and cardiometabolic health.However,further clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal eating duration in TRE intervention for cardiovascular disease prevention.
文摘Background and Objectives:Obesity and obesity-related diseases is increasing worldwide.The widely accepted approach in the dietary treatment of obesity is the calorie-restricted six meal diet;however,alternative approaches are needed.This study aimed to compare time-restricted eating(TRE),a method that can be easily conveyed and applied in over-coming obesity,to six meals diet.Methods and Study Design:A total of 174 participants aged 18-65,BMI>25 kg/m2 were included,with 88 participants in the time-restricted eating group and 86 participants in the six-meal group.Diet lists with similar calorie,macro counts suitable for their respective groups were pre pared.Anthropometric measurements,blood pressure,blood tests were analyzed before the study and at the end of the 8-week.Results:More weight loss[MD:1.17 kg,(95%CI:0.23-2.06),Cohen’s d=0.42],higher decrease in BMI[MD:0.41 kg/m2(95%CI:-0.77 to-0.06),Cohen’s d=0.39],decrease in waist-to-hip ratio[MD:0.008(95%CI:-0.016-0.000),Cohen’s d=0.35],decrease in obesity degree[MD:2.35(95%CI:-3.99 to-0.70),Co hen’s d=0.50]were observed in the time-restricted eating group(p<0.05).In the six meals group,decrease in LDL values was higher compared to the time-restricted eating group[p<0.05,MD:0.23 mmol/L(95%Cl:0.41-15.79),Cohen’s d=0.36].More participants preferred to continue TRE(p<0.001).Conclusions:TRE resulted in greater weight loss,body fat reduction,and improved metabolic parameters,proving more effective for weight management.The six-meal diet was superior for LDL reduction.Both approaches yielded positive outcomes,with TRE emerging as an alternative weight loss strategy.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFD1300800 to D.W.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32230102 to D.W. and 32202719 to L.H.)
文摘Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a dietary strategy used to prevent and treat obesity in both sexes. However, TRF affects liver metabolism differently in males and females, and the mechanisms behind these differences remain unclear. Our study reveals that during TRF, female livers are more likely to break down amino acids (AAs) to synthesize fats, while male livers significantly reduce fatty acid synthesis. The changes in the liver’s AA metabolic profile after gonadectomy suggest that estrogen signaling is crucial for regulating AA metabolism in females during TRF. Additionally, we demonstrate that hepatic estrogen receptor α (ERα)-mediated AA metabolism contributes to the sex-specific effects of TRF on liver metabolism. These findings offer new insights into the molecular mechanisms of TRF and its potential clinical application for treating fatty liver and other metabolic disorders. They also emphasize the need to consider sex differences when developing nutritional and pharmacological treatments for metabolic diseases in females.
基金supported by NNSF of China(11801193)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2020kfyXJJS036.
文摘In this paper,we consider relativization of measure-theoretical-restricted sensitivity.For a given topological dynamical system,we define conditional measure-theoretical-restricted asymptotic rate with respect to sensitivity and obtain that it equals to the reciprocal of the Brin–Katok local entropy for almost every point under the conditional measure.
基金supported by VA VISN20 Northwest PADRECC(LEN and ALH)with additional grant support from VA CSRD IK2CX00253 to LEN.
文摘Huntington’s disease(HD)is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder caused by aggregation of the mutant huntingtin(mHTT)protein,resulting from a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene HTT.HD is characterized by a variety of debilitating symptoms including involuntary movements,cognitive impairment,and psychiatric disturbances.Despite considerable efforts,effective disease-modifying treatments for HD remain elusive,necessitating exploration of novel therapeutic approaches,including lifestyle modifications that could delay symptom onset and disease progression.Recent studies suggest that time-restricted eating(TRE),a form of intermittent fasting involving daily caloric intake within a limited time window,may hold promise in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases,including HD.TRE has been shown to improve mitochondrial function,upregulate autophagy,reduce oxidative stress,regulate the sleep-wake cycle,and enhance cognitive function.In this review,we explore the potential therapeutic role of TRE in HD,focusing on its underlying physiological mechanisms.We discuss how TRE might enhance the clearance of mHTT,recover striatal brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels,improve mitochondrial function and stress-response pathways,and synchronize circadian rhythm activity.Understanding these mechanisms is critical for the development of targeted lifestyle interventions to mitigate HD pathology and improve patient outcomes.While the potential benefits of TRE in HD animal models are encouraging,future comprehensive clinical trials will be necessary to evaluate its safety,feasibility,and efficacy in persons with HD.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20220582)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent,the Jiangsu Agricultural Science And Technology Innovation Fund[CX(21)2014]+1 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Double-Innovation Team Program(JSSCTD202147)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘To assess the effects of a time-restricted feeding(TRF)regimen on meat quality of pigs exposed to high ambient temperature,a two-month feeding and heat treatment(HT)trial was conducted using a 2×2 factorial design.A total of 24 growing pigs(11.0±1.9 kg)were randomly divided into four groups:thermal neutral group(NT,24±3°C),HT group(exposed to a high temperature at 35±2°C from 11:00 to 15:00),TRF group and HT+TRF group(HT and TRF co-treatment group,n=6 for each group).Pigs in TRF groups got access to feed within 5 h from 9:00 to14:00,while the others were fed at 6:00,11:30,and 16:00.All pigs received the same diet during the trail.The results showed that HT increased the drip loss,shear force,lightness,and malondialdehyde production in Longissimus thoracis et lumborum(LTL)muscle.TRF reversely reduced the shear force and drip loss,accompanied by decreased intramuscular fat and increased moisture content.Enhanced fiber transformation from type 1 to type 2b and down-regulated expression of muscle growth-related genes were observed by HT,while TRF suppressed the fiber transformation and expression of muscle atrophy-related genes.Furthermore,TRF restored the diminished protein expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in LTL muscle by chronic HT.Accumulation of HSP70 in muscle of HT group was reduced by treatment of TRF.HT declined the expression of vital genes involved in fatty acids poly-desaturation and the proportion of(polyunsaturated fatty acids)PUFAs,mainly omega-6 in LTL muscle,while TRF group promoted the expression of poly-desaturation pathway and displayed the highest proportion of PUFAs.These results demonstrated that TRF relieved the chronic high temperature affected meat quality by the restored expression of Nrf2/HO-1 anti-oxidative cascade,modified muscle fiber composition,and enriched PUFAs in LTL muscle.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31630091,3123004931600958)Royal SocietyNewton Advance Fellowship(NA150373)+5 种基金Ministry of Science and Technology(YFA0801100)to YXNational Institutes of Health(1R35GM118118)Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas(RP160268)Welch Foundation(I-1560)to YLPriority Academic Program Development of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutes(PAPD)National Center for International Research(2017B01012)。
文摘The suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN)is the master circadian pacemaker that drives body temperature rhythm.Time-restricted feeding(TRF)has potential as a preventative or therapeutic approach against many diseases.The potential side effects of TRF remain unknown.Here we show that daily 4-h TRF treatment in mice can severely impair body temperature homeostasis and can result in lethality.Nearly half of the mice died at 21℃,and all mice died at 18℃during 4-h TRF.This effect was modulated by the circadian clock and was associated with severe hypothermia due to loss of body temperature homeostasis.Remarkably,disrupting the circadian clock by SCN lesions or constant light rescued lethality during TRF.Analysis of circadian gene expression in the dorsomedial hypothalamus(DMH)demonstrated that TRF reprograms rhythmic transcriptome in DMH and suppresses expression of genes,such as Ccr5 and Calcrl,which are involved in thermoregulation.Together,our results demonstrated a potent effect of TRF on body temperature homeostasis and the role of SCN function in this process.Our results further suggested that circadian arrhythmicity can have potential beneficial effects under certain stress conditions.
文摘Obesity and other metabolic syndromes such as hypertension,type 2 diabetes,and hyperlipidemia remain a major public health burden worldwide.Apart from higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases,obesity and other abnormal metabolic status also promote cancer development and poor prognosis of cancer patients(1-3).In addition to using different surgical modalities(4),weight management through lifestyle changes has proven to be a more economical and low-risk approach.For obese patients,whether daily caloric intake can be reasonably restricted is recognized as an important strategy for solving their problem.In the past few years,intermittent fasting(IF),especially time-restricted feeding(TRF),has shown good clinical weight loss effect(>5%loss from baseline)(5).Moreover,people who participate in IF or TRF can often show good compliance,because compared with traditional dieting,IF or TRF does not require participants to record the specific calories of each meal in detail,participants only need to eat within the specified time period and not have any caloric intake at any other time.
