The probabilistic real-time automaton （PRTA） is a representation of dynamic processes arising in the sciences and industry. Currently, the induction of automata is divided into two steps： the creation of the prefix...The probabilistic real-time automaton （PRTA） is a representation of dynamic processes arising in the sciences and industry. Currently, the induction of automata is divided into two steps： the creation of the prefix tree acceptor （PTA） and the merge procedure based on clustering of the states. These two steps can be very time intensive when a PRTA is to be induced for massive or even unbounded datasets. The latter one can be efficiently processed, as there exist scalable online clustering algorithms. However, the creation of the PTA still can be very time consuming. To overcome this problem, we propose a genuine online PRTA induction approach that incorporates new instances by first collapsing them and then using a maximum frequent pattern based clustering. The approach is tested against a predefined synthetic automaton and real world datasets, for which the approach is scalable and stable. Moreover, we present a broad evaluation on a real world disease group dataset that shows the applicability of such a model to the analysis of medical processes.展开更多
In order to solve the problem of artificial generation and low efficiency of test sequences for zone controller (ZC), a model-based automatic generation method of test sequence is proposed. Firstly, the timed automata...In order to solve the problem of artificial generation and low efficiency of test sequences for zone controller (ZC), a model-based automatic generation method of test sequence is proposed. Firstly, the timed automata model is established based on function analysis of the zone controller, and the correctness of the model is verified by UPPAAL. Then by parsing the timed automata model files, state information and transition conditions can be extracted to generate test case sets. Finally, according to the serialization conditions of test cases, the test cases are serialized into test sequences by using the improved depth first search algorithm. A case, the ZC controls the train running within its jurisdiction, shows that the method is correct and can effectively improve the efficiency of test sequence generation.展开更多
Based on analysis of the syntax structure and semantics model of the metric interval temporal logic （MITL） formulas, it is shown how to transform a formula written in the real-time temporal logic MITL formula into a...Based on analysis of the syntax structure and semantics model of the metric interval temporal logic （MITL） formulas, it is shown how to transform a formula written in the real-time temporal logic MITL formula into a fair timed automaton （TA） that recognizes its satisfying models with prototype verification system （PVS） in this paper. Both the tabular construction＇s principles and the PVS implementation details are given for the different type of MITL formula according to the corresponding semantics interpretations. After this transformation procedure, specifications expressed with MITL formula can be verified formally in the timed automata framework developed previously.展开更多
In this work, we propose an approach for the verification of the AADL architecture. This approach is based on Model Driven Engineering (MDE) and assisted by a toolchain. Indeed, we define a source meta-model for AADL ...In this work, we propose an approach for the verification of the AADL architecture. This approach is based on Model Driven Engineering (MDE) and assisted by a toolchain. Indeed, we define a source meta-model for AADL and a target meta-model for the timed automata formalism;we define a transformation process in two steps: the first is a Model2 Model transformation which takes an AADL Model and produces the corresponding timed automata model. The second transformation is a Model2 Text transformation which takes a timed automata model and generates a text in ta-format code. This code is accepted by the Uppaal toolbox. A case study has been developed to show the feasibility and validity of the proposed approach.展开更多
A multi-agent based transport system is modeled by timed automata model extended with clock variables. The correctness properties of safety and liveness of this model are verified by timed automata based UPPAAL. Agent...A multi-agent based transport system is modeled by timed automata model extended with clock variables. The correctness properties of safety and liveness of this model are verified by timed automata based UPPAAL. Agents have a degree of control on their own actions, have their own threads of control, and under some circumstances they are also able to take decisions. Therefore they are autonomous. The multi-agent system is modeled as a network of timed automata based agents supported by clock variables. The representation of agent requirements based on mathematics is helpful in precise and unambiguous specifications, thereby ensuring correctness. This formal representation of requirements provides a way for logical reasoning about the artifacts produced. We can be systematic and precise in assessing correctness by rigorously specifying the functional requirements.展开更多
Complex event processing (CEP) can extract meaningful events for real-time locating system (RTLS) applications. To identify complex event accurately in RTLS, we propose a new RFID complex event processing method GEEP,...Complex event processing (CEP) can extract meaningful events for real-time locating system (RTLS) applications. To identify complex event accurately in RTLS, we propose a new RFID complex event processing method GEEP, which is based on the timed automata (TA) theory. By devising RFID locating application into complex events, we model the timing diagram of RFID data streams based on the TA. We optimize the constraint of the event streams and propose a novel method to derive the constraint between objects, as well as the constraint between object and location. Experiments prove the proposed method reduces the cost of RFID complex event processing, and improves the efficiency of the RTLS.展开更多
Previous studies suggest that there are three different jam phases in the cellular automata automaton model with a slow-to-start rule under open boundaries.In the present paper,the dynamics of each free-flow-jam phase...Previous studies suggest that there are three different jam phases in the cellular automata automaton model with a slow-to-start rule under open boundaries.In the present paper,the dynamics of each free-flow-jam phase transition is studied.By analysing the microscopic behaviour of the traffic flow,we obtain analytical results on the phase transition dynamics.Our results can describe the detailed time evolution of the system during phase transition,while they provide good approximation for the numerical simulation data.These findings can perfectly explain the microscopic mechanism and details of the boundary-triggered phase transition dynamics.展开更多
Rigorous modeling could ensure correctness and could verify a reduced cost in embedded real-time system development for models. Software methods are needed for rigorous modeling of embedded real-time systems. PVS is a...Rigorous modeling could ensure correctness and could verify a reduced cost in embedded real-time system development for models. Software methods are needed for rigorous modeling of embedded real-time systems. PVS is a formal method with precise syntax and semantics defined. System modeled by PVS specification could be verified by tools. Combining the widely used UML with PVS, this paper provides a novel modeling and verification approach for embedded real-time systems. In this approach, we provide 1) a time-extended UML statechart for modeling dynamic behavior of an embedded real-time system; 2) an approach to capture timed automata based semantics from a timed statechart; and 3) an algorithm to generate a finite state model expressed in PVS specification for model checking. The benefits of our approach include flexibility and user friendliness in modeling, extendability in formalization and verification content, and better performance. Time constraints are modeled and verified and is a highlight of this paper.展开更多
Rigorous modeling could improve the correctness and reduce cost in embedded real-time system development for models could be verified. Tools are needed for rigorous modeling of embedded real-time system. UML is an ind...Rigorous modeling could improve the correctness and reduce cost in embedded real-time system development for models could be verified. Tools are needed for rigorous modeling of embedded real-time system. UML is an industrial standard modeling language which provides a powerful expressi-veness, intuitive and easy to use interface to model. UML is widely accepted by software developer. However, for lack of precisely defined semantics, especially on the dynamic diagrams, UML model is hard to be verified. PVS is a general formal method which provides a high-order logic specification language and integrated with model checking and theorem proving tools. Combining the widely used UML with PVS, this paper provides a novel modeling and verification approach for embedded real-time system. In this approach, we provide 1) a timed extended UML statechart for modeling dynamic behavior of an embedded real-time system; 2) an approach to capture timed automata based semantics from timed statechart; and 3) an algorithm to generate a finite state model expressed in PVS specification for model checking. The benefits of our approach include flexible and friendly in modeling, extendable in forma-lization and verification content, and better performance. Time constraints are modeled and verified and it’s a highlight of this paper.展开更多
文摘The probabilistic real-time automaton （PRTA） is a representation of dynamic processes arising in the sciences and industry. Currently, the induction of automata is divided into two steps： the creation of the prefix tree acceptor （PTA） and the merge procedure based on clustering of the states. These two steps can be very time intensive when a PRTA is to be induced for massive or even unbounded datasets. The latter one can be efficiently processed, as there exist scalable online clustering algorithms. However, the creation of the PTA still can be very time consuming. To overcome this problem, we propose a genuine online PRTA induction approach that incorporates new instances by first collapsing them and then using a maximum frequent pattern based clustering. The approach is tested against a predefined synthetic automaton and real world datasets, for which the approach is scalable and stable. Moreover, we present a broad evaluation on a real world disease group dataset that shows the applicability of such a model to the analysis of medical processes.
文摘In order to solve the problem of artificial generation and low efficiency of test sequences for zone controller (ZC), a model-based automatic generation method of test sequence is proposed. Firstly, the timed automata model is established based on function analysis of the zone controller, and the correctness of the model is verified by UPPAAL. Then by parsing the timed automata model files, state information and transition conditions can be extracted to generate test case sets. Finally, according to the serialization conditions of test cases, the test cases are serialized into test sequences by using the improved depth first search algorithm. A case, the ZC controls the train running within its jurisdiction, shows that the method is correct and can effectively improve the efficiency of test sequence generation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos.60373072, 60673115）, the National Basic Research Program of China （Grant No.2002CB312001）, and the National High-Technology Research and Development Program of China （Grant No.2007AA012144）
文摘Based on analysis of the syntax structure and semantics model of the metric interval temporal logic （MITL） formulas, it is shown how to transform a formula written in the real-time temporal logic MITL formula into a fair timed automaton （TA） that recognizes its satisfying models with prototype verification system （PVS） in this paper. Both the tabular construction＇s principles and the PVS implementation details are given for the different type of MITL formula according to the corresponding semantics interpretations. After this transformation procedure, specifications expressed with MITL formula can be verified formally in the timed automata framework developed previously.
文摘In this work, we propose an approach for the verification of the AADL architecture. This approach is based on Model Driven Engineering (MDE) and assisted by a toolchain. Indeed, we define a source meta-model for AADL and a target meta-model for the timed automata formalism;we define a transformation process in two steps: the first is a Model2 Model transformation which takes an AADL Model and produces the corresponding timed automata model. The second transformation is a Model2 Text transformation which takes a timed automata model and generates a text in ta-format code. This code is accepted by the Uppaal toolbox. A case study has been developed to show the feasibility and validity of the proposed approach.
文摘A multi-agent based transport system is modeled by timed automata model extended with clock variables. The correctness properties of safety and liveness of this model are verified by timed automata based UPPAAL. Agents have a degree of control on their own actions, have their own threads of control, and under some circumstances they are also able to take decisions. Therefore they are autonomous. The multi-agent system is modeled as a network of timed automata based agents supported by clock variables. The representation of agent requirements based on mathematics is helpful in precise and unambiguous specifications, thereby ensuring correctness. This formal representation of requirements provides a way for logical reasoning about the artifacts produced. We can be systematic and precise in assessing correctness by rigorously specifying the functional requirements.
文摘Complex event processing (CEP) can extract meaningful events for real-time locating system (RTLS) applications. To identify complex event accurately in RTLS, we propose a new RFID complex event processing method GEEP, which is based on the timed automata (TA) theory. By devising RFID locating application into complex events, we model the timing diagram of RFID data streams based on the TA. We optimize the constraint of the event streams and propose a novel method to derive the constraint between objects, as well as the constraint between object and location. Experiments prove the proposed method reduces the cost of RFID complex event processing, and improves the efficiency of the RTLS.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 70971094 and 50908155)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT)
文摘Previous studies suggest that there are three different jam phases in the cellular automata automaton model with a slow-to-start rule under open boundaries.In the present paper,the dynamics of each free-flow-jam phase transition is studied.By analysing the microscopic behaviour of the traffic flow,we obtain analytical results on the phase transition dynamics.Our results can describe the detailed time evolution of the system during phase transition,while they provide good approximation for the numerical simulation data.These findings can perfectly explain the microscopic mechanism and details of the boundary-triggered phase transition dynamics.
文摘Rigorous modeling could ensure correctness and could verify a reduced cost in embedded real-time system development for models. Software methods are needed for rigorous modeling of embedded real-time systems. PVS is a formal method with precise syntax and semantics defined. System modeled by PVS specification could be verified by tools. Combining the widely used UML with PVS, this paper provides a novel modeling and verification approach for embedded real-time systems. In this approach, we provide 1) a time-extended UML statechart for modeling dynamic behavior of an embedded real-time system; 2) an approach to capture timed automata based semantics from a timed statechart; and 3) an algorithm to generate a finite state model expressed in PVS specification for model checking. The benefits of our approach include flexibility and user friendliness in modeling, extendability in formalization and verification content, and better performance. Time constraints are modeled and verified and is a highlight of this paper.
文摘Rigorous modeling could improve the correctness and reduce cost in embedded real-time system development for models could be verified. Tools are needed for rigorous modeling of embedded real-time system. UML is an industrial standard modeling language which provides a powerful expressi-veness, intuitive and easy to use interface to model. UML is widely accepted by software developer. However, for lack of precisely defined semantics, especially on the dynamic diagrams, UML model is hard to be verified. PVS is a general formal method which provides a high-order logic specification language and integrated with model checking and theorem proving tools. Combining the widely used UML with PVS, this paper provides a novel modeling and verification approach for embedded real-time system. In this approach, we provide 1) a timed extended UML statechart for modeling dynamic behavior of an embedded real-time system; 2) an approach to capture timed automata based semantics from timed statechart; and 3) an algorithm to generate a finite state model expressed in PVS specification for model checking. The benefits of our approach include flexible and friendly in modeling, extendable in forma-lization and verification content, and better performance. Time constraints are modeled and verified and it’s a highlight of this paper.
