We investigate the dynamics of resonant Raman scattering in the course of the frequency de- tuning. The dephasing in the time domain makes the scattering fast when the photon energy is tuned from the absorption resona...We investigate the dynamics of resonant Raman scattering in the course of the frequency de- tuning. The dephasing in the time domain makes the scattering fast when the photon energy is tuned from the absorption resonance. This makes frequency detuning to act as a camera shutter with a regulated scattering duration and provides a practical tool of controlling the scattering time in ordinary stationary measurements. The theory is applied to resonant Raman spectra of a couple of few-mode model systems and to trans-1,3,5-hexatriene and guanine-cytosine （G-C） Watson-Crick base pairs （DNA） molecules. Besides some particular physical effects, the regime of fast scattering leads to a simplification of the spectrum as well as to the scattering theory itself. Strong overtones appear in the Raman spectra when the photon frequency is tuned in the resonant region, while in the mode of fast scattering, the overtones are gradually quenched when the photon frequency is tuned more than one vibra- tional quantum below the first absorption resonance. The detuning from the resonant region thus leads to a strong purification of the Raman spectrum from the contamination by higher overtones and soft modes and purifies the spectrum also in terms of avoidance of dissociation and interfering fluorescence decay of the resonant state. This makes frequency detuning a very useful practical tool in the analysis of the resonant Raman spectra of complex systems and considerably improves the prospects for using the Raman effect for detection of foreign substances at ultra-low concentrations.展开更多
The Cauchy problem for some parabolic fractional partial differential equation of higher orders and with time delays is considered. The existence and unique solution of this problem is studied. Some smoothness propert...The Cauchy problem for some parabolic fractional partial differential equation of higher orders and with time delays is considered. The existence and unique solution of this problem is studied. Some smoothness properties with respect to the parameters of these delay fractional differential equations are considered.展开更多
We study the early work scheduling problem on identical parallel machines in order to maximize the total early work,i.e.,the parts of non-preemptive jobs that are executed before a common due date.By preprocessing and...We study the early work scheduling problem on identical parallel machines in order to maximize the total early work,i.e.,the parts of non-preemptive jobs that are executed before a common due date.By preprocessing and constructing an auxiliary instance which has several good properties,for any desired accuracy,we propose an efficient polynomial time approximation scheme with running time O(f(1/ε)n),where n is the number of jobs and f(1/ε)is exponential in 1/ε,and a fully polynomial time approximation scheme with running time O(1/ε^(2m+1)+n)when the number of machines is fixed.展开更多
Nanowires with gate-all-around(GAA) structures are widely considered as the most promising candidate for 3-nm technology with the best ability of suppressing the short channel effects,and tunneling field effect transi...Nanowires with gate-all-around(GAA) structures are widely considered as the most promising candidate for 3-nm technology with the best ability of suppressing the short channel effects,and tunneling field effect transistors(TFETs)based on GAA structures also present improved performance.In this paper,a non-quasi-static(NQS) device model is developed for nanowire GAA TFETs.The model can predict the transient current and capacitance varying with operation frequency,which is beyond the ability of the quasi-static(QS) model published before.Excellent agreements between the model results and numerical simulations are obtained.Moreover,the NQS model is derived from the published QS model including the current-voltage(I-V) and capacitance-voltage(C-V) characteristics.Therefore,the NQS model is compatible with the QS model for giving comprehensive understanding of GAA TFETs and would be helpful for further study of TFET circuits based on nanowire GAA structure.展开更多
We sttidy the problem of scheduling n jobs on m parallel bounded batch machines to minimize the sum of squared machine loads. Each batch contains at most B jobs, and the processing time of a batch is equal to the long...We sttidy the problem of scheduling n jobs on m parallel bounded batch machines to minimize the sum of squared machine loads. Each batch contains at most B jobs, and the processing time of a batch is equal to the longest processing time of the jobs in this batch. We prove this problem to be NP-hard. Furthermore, we present a polynomial time approximation scheme （PTAS） and a fully polynomial time approximation scheme （FPTAS） for this problem.展开更多
In this paper, a grid-based distributed hydrological model BTOPMC （Block-wise use of TOPMODEL） is introduced, which was developed from the original TOPMODEL. In order to broaden the model＇s application to arid regi...In this paper, a grid-based distributed hydrological model BTOPMC （Block-wise use of TOPMODEL） is introduced, which was developed from the original TOPMODEL. In order to broaden the model＇s application to arid regions, improvement methodology is also implemented. The canopy interception and soil infiltration processes were incorporated into the original BTOPMC to model event-based runoff simulation in large arid regions. One designed infiltration model with application of time compression approximation method is emphasized and validated for improving model＇s performance for event hydrological simulations with a case study of Lushi River basin.展开更多
We consider several uniform parallel-machine scheduling problems in which the processing time of a job is a linear increasing function of its starting time.The objectives are to minimize the total completion time of a...We consider several uniform parallel-machine scheduling problems in which the processing time of a job is a linear increasing function of its starting time.The objectives are to minimize the total completion time of all jobs and the total load on all machines.We show that the problems are polynomially solvable when the increasing rates are identical for all jobs;we propose a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme for the standard linear deteriorating function,where the objective function is to minimize the total load on all machines.We also consider the problem in which the processing time of a job is a simple linear increasing function of its starting time and each job has a delivery time.The objective is to find a schedule which minimizes the time by which all jobs are delivered,and we propose a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme to solve this problem.展开更多
The aim of the article is to construct exact solutions for the time fractional coupled Boussinesq-Burger and approximate long water wave equations by using the generalized Kudryashov method.The fractional differential...The aim of the article is to construct exact solutions for the time fractional coupled Boussinesq-Burger and approximate long water wave equations by using the generalized Kudryashov method.The fractional differential equation is converted into ordinary differential equations with the help of fractional complex transform and the modified Riemann-Liouville derivative sense.Applying the generalized Kudryashov method through with symbolic computer maple package,numerous new exact solutions are successfully obtained.All calculations in this study have been established and verified back with the aid of the Maple package program.The executed method is powerful,effective and straightforward for solving nonlinear partial differential equations to obtain more and new solutions with the integer and fractional order.展开更多
This paper presents a 6-bit 20-MS/s high spurious-free dynamic range（SFDR） and low power successive approximation register analog to digital converter（SAR ADC） for the radio-frequency（RF） transceiver frontend, e...This paper presents a 6-bit 20-MS/s high spurious-free dynamic range（SFDR） and low power successive approximation register analog to digital converter（SAR ADC） for the radio-frequency（RF） transceiver frontend, especially for wireless sensor network（WSN） applications.This ADC adopts the modified common-centroid symmetry layout and the successive approximation register reset circuit to improve the linearity and dynamic range. Prototyped in a 0.18-μm 1P6M CMOS technology,the ADC performs a peak SFDR of 55.32 dB and effective number of bits（ENOB） of 5.1 bit for 10 MS/s.At the sample rate of 20 MS/s and the Nyquist input frequency,the 47.39-dB SFDR and 4.6-ENOB are achieved.The differential nonlinearity（DNL） is less than 0.83 LSB and the integral nonlinearity（INL） is less than 0.82 LSB.The experimental results indicate that this SAR ADC consumes a total of 522μW power and occupies 0.98 mm^2.展开更多
In cancer clinical trials and other medical studies, both longitudinal measurements and data on a time to an event(survival time) are often collected from the same patients. Joint analyses of these data would improve ...In cancer clinical trials and other medical studies, both longitudinal measurements and data on a time to an event(survival time) are often collected from the same patients. Joint analyses of these data would improve the efficiency of the statistical inferences. We propose a new joint model for the longitudinal proportional measurements which are restricted in a finite interval and survival times with a potential cure fraction. A penalized joint likelihood is derived based on the Laplace approximation and a semiparametric procedure based on this likelihood is developed to estimate the parameters in the joint model. A simulation study is performed to evaluate the statistical properties of the proposed procedures. The proposed model is applied to data from a clinical trial on early breast cancer.展开更多
In this paper,we consider the single-machine scheduling with step-deteriorating jobs and rejection.Each job is either rejected by paying a rejection penalty,or accepted and processed on the single machine,and the actu...In this paper,we consider the single-machine scheduling with step-deteriorating jobs and rejection.Each job is either rejected by paying a rejection penalty,or accepted and processed on the single machine,and the actual processing time of each accepted job is a step function of its starting time and the common deteriorating date.The objective is to minimize the makespan of the accepted jobs plus the total penalty of the rejected jobs.For the case of common deteriorating penalty,we first show that the problem is NP-hard in the ordinary sense.Then we present two pseudo-polynomial algorithms and a 2-approximation algorithm.Furthermore,we propose a fully polynomial time approximation scheme.For the case of common normal processing time,we present two pseudo-polynomial time algorithms,a 2-approximation algorithm and a fully polynomial time approximation scheme.展开更多
This paper deals with the study of transient waves in a homogeneous isotropic,solid halfspace with a permeating substance in the context of the theory of generalized elasto-thermodiffusion.The halfspace is assumed to ...This paper deals with the study of transient waves in a homogeneous isotropic,solid halfspace with a permeating substance in the context of the theory of generalized elasto-thermodiffusion.The halfspace is assumed to be disturbed due to mechanical loads acting on its boundary.The model comprising of basic governing differential equations and boundary conditions has been solved by employing Laplace transform technique.Noting that the second sound effects are short lived,the small time approximations of solution for various physical quantities have been obtained and the results are discussed on the possible wave fronts.In case of continuous and periodic loads acting at the boundary,the displacement is found to be continuous at each wave front while it is discontinuous in case of impulsive load.The temperature and concentration fields are found to be discontinuous at all the wave fronts.The displacement,temperature change and concentration deviation due to impulsive,continuous and periodic mechanical loads have also been evaluated in the physical domain at all times by employing numerical inversion technique of integral transform.The computer simulated numerical results have been presented graphically in respect of displacement,temperature change and concentration deviation for brass.A significant effect of mass diffusion has been observed on the behaviour of mechanical and thermal waves.展开更多
In this work we establish an existence theorem of regulated solutions for a class of Stieltjes equations which involve generalized fuemann kind of integrals. The general method spplied consists in considering the cont...In this work we establish an existence theorem of regulated solutions for a class of Stieltjes equations which involve generalized fuemann kind of integrals. The general method spplied consists in considering the continuous-time Stieltjes equation as limit of discrete processes. This approach will prove fruitful in the study of the controllability of Stieltjes systems, because it will be possible to get properties on the continuous time equation by transferring properties of the discrete ones.展开更多
文摘We investigate the dynamics of resonant Raman scattering in the course of the frequency de- tuning. The dephasing in the time domain makes the scattering fast when the photon energy is tuned from the absorption resonance. This makes frequency detuning to act as a camera shutter with a regulated scattering duration and provides a practical tool of controlling the scattering time in ordinary stationary measurements. The theory is applied to resonant Raman spectra of a couple of few-mode model systems and to trans-1,3,5-hexatriene and guanine-cytosine （G-C） Watson-Crick base pairs （DNA） molecules. Besides some particular physical effects, the regime of fast scattering leads to a simplification of the spectrum as well as to the scattering theory itself. Strong overtones appear in the Raman spectra when the photon frequency is tuned in the resonant region, while in the mode of fast scattering, the overtones are gradually quenched when the photon frequency is tuned more than one vibra- tional quantum below the first absorption resonance. The detuning from the resonant region thus leads to a strong purification of the Raman spectrum from the contamination by higher overtones and soft modes and purifies the spectrum also in terms of avoidance of dissociation and interfering fluorescence decay of the resonant state. This makes frequency detuning a very useful practical tool in the analysis of the resonant Raman spectra of complex systems and considerably improves the prospects for using the Raman effect for detection of foreign substances at ultra-low concentrations.
文摘The Cauchy problem for some parabolic fractional partial differential equation of higher orders and with time delays is considered. The existence and unique solution of this problem is studied. Some smoothness properties with respect to the parameters of these delay fractional differential equations are considered.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12071417)the Project for Innovation Team(Cultivation)of Yunnan Province.
文摘We study the early work scheduling problem on identical parallel machines in order to maximize the total early work,i.e.,the parts of non-preemptive jobs that are executed before a common due date.By preprocessing and constructing an auxiliary instance which has several good properties,for any desired accuracy,we propose an efficient polynomial time approximation scheme with running time O(f(1/ε)n),where n is the number of jobs and f(1/ε)is exponential in 1/ε,and a fully polynomial time approximation scheme with running time O(1/ε^(2m+1)+n)when the number of machines is fixed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62004119 and 62201332)the Applied Basic Research Plan of Shanxi Province, China (Grant Nos. 20210302124647 and 20210302124028)。
文摘Nanowires with gate-all-around(GAA) structures are widely considered as the most promising candidate for 3-nm technology with the best ability of suppressing the short channel effects,and tunneling field effect transistors(TFETs)based on GAA structures also present improved performance.In this paper,a non-quasi-static(NQS) device model is developed for nanowire GAA TFETs.The model can predict the transient current and capacitance varying with operation frequency,which is beyond the ability of the quasi-static(QS) model published before.Excellent agreements between the model results and numerical simulations are obtained.Moreover,the NQS model is derived from the published QS model including the current-voltage(I-V) and capacitance-voltage(C-V) characteristics.Therefore,the NQS model is compatible with the QS model for giving comprehensive understanding of GAA TFETs and would be helpful for further study of TFET circuits based on nanowire GAA structure.
文摘We sttidy the problem of scheduling n jobs on m parallel bounded batch machines to minimize the sum of squared machine loads. Each batch contains at most B jobs, and the processing time of a batch is equal to the longest processing time of the jobs in this batch. We prove this problem to be NP-hard. Furthermore, we present a polynomial time approximation scheme （PTAS） and a fully polynomial time approximation scheme （FPTAS） for this problem.
基金21st Century Center Of Excellence (COE) Program supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
文摘In this paper, a grid-based distributed hydrological model BTOPMC （Block-wise use of TOPMODEL） is introduced, which was developed from the original TOPMODEL. In order to broaden the model＇s application to arid regions, improvement methodology is also implemented. The canopy interception and soil infiltration processes were incorporated into the original BTOPMC to model event-based runoff simulation in large arid regions. One designed infiltration model with application of time compression approximation method is emphasized and validated for improving model＇s performance for event hydrological simulations with a case study of Lushi River basin.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11071142,11201259)the Natural Science Foundation of Shan Dong Province(No.ZR2010AM034)+1 种基金the Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education(No.20123705120001)We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful and detailed comments on an earlier version of our paper.
文摘We consider several uniform parallel-machine scheduling problems in which the processing time of a job is a linear increasing function of its starting time.The objectives are to minimize the total completion time of all jobs and the total load on all machines.We show that the problems are polynomially solvable when the increasing rates are identical for all jobs;we propose a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme for the standard linear deteriorating function,where the objective function is to minimize the total load on all machines.We also consider the problem in which the processing time of a job is a simple linear increasing function of its starting time and each job has a delivery time.The objective is to find a schedule which minimizes the time by which all jobs are delivered,and we propose a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme to solve this problem.
文摘The aim of the article is to construct exact solutions for the time fractional coupled Boussinesq-Burger and approximate long water wave equations by using the generalized Kudryashov method.The fractional differential equation is converted into ordinary differential equations with the help of fractional complex transform and the modified Riemann-Liouville derivative sense.Applying the generalized Kudryashov method through with symbolic computer maple package,numerous new exact solutions are successfully obtained.All calculations in this study have been established and verified back with the aid of the Maple package program.The executed method is powerful,effective and straightforward for solving nonlinear partial differential equations to obtain more and new solutions with the integer and fractional order.
基金supported by the PhD Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China(No.20111011315)the National Science and Technology Important Project of China(No.2010ZX03006-003-01)
文摘This paper presents a 6-bit 20-MS/s high spurious-free dynamic range（SFDR） and low power successive approximation register analog to digital converter（SAR ADC） for the radio-frequency（RF） transceiver frontend, especially for wireless sensor network（WSN） applications.This ADC adopts the modified common-centroid symmetry layout and the successive approximation register reset circuit to improve the linearity and dynamic range. Prototyped in a 0.18-μm 1P6M CMOS technology,the ADC performs a peak SFDR of 55.32 dB and effective number of bits（ENOB） of 5.1 bit for 10 MS/s.At the sample rate of 20 MS/s and the Nyquist input frequency,the 47.39-dB SFDR and 4.6-ENOB are achieved.The differential nonlinearity（DNL） is less than 0.83 LSB and the integral nonlinearity（INL） is less than 0.82 LSB.The experimental results indicate that this SAR ADC consumes a total of 522μW power and occupies 0.98 mm^2.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11601060)+1 种基金Dalian High Level Talent Innovation Programme (Grant No.2015R051)Research Grants from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
文摘In cancer clinical trials and other medical studies, both longitudinal measurements and data on a time to an event(survival time) are often collected from the same patients. Joint analyses of these data would improve the efficiency of the statistical inferences. We propose a new joint model for the longitudinal proportional measurements which are restricted in a finite interval and survival times with a potential cure fraction. A penalized joint likelihood is derived based on the Laplace approximation and a semiparametric procedure based on this likelihood is developed to estimate the parameters in the joint model. A simulation study is performed to evaluate the statistical properties of the proposed procedures. The proposed model is applied to data from a clinical trial on early breast cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12271295 and 12001313)the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(No.ZR2022MA019).
文摘In this paper,we consider the single-machine scheduling with step-deteriorating jobs and rejection.Each job is either rejected by paying a rejection penalty,or accepted and processed on the single machine,and the actual processing time of each accepted job is a step function of its starting time and the common deteriorating date.The objective is to minimize the makespan of the accepted jobs plus the total penalty of the rejected jobs.For the case of common deteriorating penalty,we first show that the problem is NP-hard in the ordinary sense.Then we present two pseudo-polynomial algorithms and a 2-approximation algorithm.Furthermore,we propose a fully polynomial time approximation scheme.For the case of common normal processing time,we present two pseudo-polynomial time algorithms,a 2-approximation algorithm and a fully polynomial time approximation scheme.
文摘This paper deals with the study of transient waves in a homogeneous isotropic,solid halfspace with a permeating substance in the context of the theory of generalized elasto-thermodiffusion.The halfspace is assumed to be disturbed due to mechanical loads acting on its boundary.The model comprising of basic governing differential equations and boundary conditions has been solved by employing Laplace transform technique.Noting that the second sound effects are short lived,the small time approximations of solution for various physical quantities have been obtained and the results are discussed on the possible wave fronts.In case of continuous and periodic loads acting at the boundary,the displacement is found to be continuous at each wave front while it is discontinuous in case of impulsive load.The temperature and concentration fields are found to be discontinuous at all the wave fronts.The displacement,temperature change and concentration deviation due to impulsive,continuous and periodic mechanical loads have also been evaluated in the physical domain at all times by employing numerical inversion technique of integral transform.The computer simulated numerical results have been presented graphically in respect of displacement,temperature change and concentration deviation for brass.A significant effect of mass diffusion has been observed on the behaviour of mechanical and thermal waves.
基金This work was developed at the Institute of Mathematics of the Czech Republic Academy of Sciences atPraha, with financial supp
文摘In this work we establish an existence theorem of regulated solutions for a class of Stieltjes equations which involve generalized fuemann kind of integrals. The general method spplied consists in considering the continuous-time Stieltjes equation as limit of discrete processes. This approach will prove fruitful in the study of the controllability of Stieltjes systems, because it will be possible to get properties on the continuous time equation by transferring properties of the discrete ones.
