Universal time(UT)1 is an alternative description of the Earth’s rotation angle and is one of the spatial parameters representing the Earth’s orientation that reflects subtle changes in its rotational speed.While ve...Universal time(UT)1 is an alternative description of the Earth’s rotation angle and is one of the spatial parameters representing the Earth’s orientation that reflects subtle changes in its rotational speed.While very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)has recently achieved high-precision measurements of UT1,its prohibitively high equipment costs and complex data processes make it difficult to meet the requirements of users in fields with stringent real-time data requirements,such as astronomical measurement and celestial navigation.Currently,the digital zenith telescope is one of the most accurate ground-based optical astronomical measurement instruments available.This study briefly introduces the digital zenith telescope measurement system and the basic principles of UT1 measurement and data processing.On the basis of more than 400 UT1 measurement experiments conducted at Luonan,Lijiang,and Delingha,the accuracy of UT1 measurements based on the digital zenith telescope is analyzed.The experimental results show that the internal consistency accuracy within 20 min can reach 10 ms and that the internal consistency accuracy of single-day observations can reach 0.05″.Compared with IERS 14C04,the mean absolute error of the UT1 measurements is approximately 3 ms.This indicates that optical astronomical observations based on the digital zenith telescope can be used as an effective regional autonomous monitoring method to supplement VLBI by providing highfrequency UT1,functioning in particular as an emergency backup when satellite navigation fails.展开更多
提出使用磁共振图像(MRI)超短回波时间(UTE)成像序列结合T2*映射技术,对耳软骨T2*值进行在体无创检测,探究既能对耳软骨进行非侵入性成像又能定量评估在体耳软骨生物成分的方法,为耳软骨再造和修复整形手术评价的标准化提供新思路。首先...提出使用磁共振图像(MRI)超短回波时间(UTE)成像序列结合T2*映射技术,对耳软骨T2*值进行在体无创检测,探究既能对耳软骨进行非侵入性成像又能定量评估在体耳软骨生物成分的方法,为耳软骨再造和修复整形手术评价的标准化提供新思路。首先,使用1个UTE和5个短回波时间(TE)的成像组合序列采集30名志愿者右侧外耳的MRI图像;然后,利用采集到的每名志愿者的图像进行组内刚性配准及手动分割耳软骨与外耳轮廓(包含耳软骨及周围组织,如皮肤、脂肪和其他软组织)的预处理;接下来,分别运用单指数和双指数衰减模型在分割出来的耳软骨和外耳区域进行T2*值测量;最后,分别使用这两种模型拟合耳软骨信号强度随回波时间变化的衰减曲线,并比较拟合模型的准确性。结果显示,在30例右耳的单成分分析(单指数模型)实验中,外耳的T2*m平均值为(49.269±16.979)ms,耳软骨的T2*m平均值为(23.799±9.629)ms。在双成分分析(双指数模型)中,外耳的短成分T2*s平均值为(11.713±3.111)ms,长成分T2*l平均值为(65.128±13.132)ms,耳软骨的短成分T2*s平均值为(5.577±1.830)ms,长成分T2*l平均值为(30.628±8.413)ms。统计分析显示,单成分分析计算得到的T2*m,和双成分分析计算得到的T2*s、T2*l,在外耳和耳软骨区域均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。在曲线拟合中,双指数模型优于单指数模型(R^2[bi]=0.999±0.001 vs R^2[mono]=0.905±0.014,P<0.05)。实验结果表明,超短回波时间成像序列结合T2*映射技术对在体耳软骨进行T2*值无创检测具备可行性,有望为软骨组织工程和3D生物打印技术制作的耳软骨-支架复合物应用在耳廓修复和再造中提供医学影像学的支撑,也为小耳畸形外科整形手术术后定量评估耳软骨提供一种可行性方案。展开更多
Efficient multi-machine cooperation and network dynamics still remain open that jeopardize great applications in largescale machine-to-machine(M2M) networks. Among all possible machine cooperation controls, to synchro...Efficient multi-machine cooperation and network dynamics still remain open that jeopardize great applications in largescale machine-to-machine(M2M) networks. Among all possible machine cooperation controls, to synchronize tremendous machines in a timing-efficient brings one of the greatest challenge and serves as the foundation for any other network control policies. In this paper, we propose a linear-time synchronization protocol in large M2M networks. Specifically, a closed-form of synchronization rate is provided by developing the statistical bounds of the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian matrix. These bounds enable the efficient control of network dynamics, facilitating the timing synchronization in networks. Through a practical study in Metropolis, simulation results confirm our theoretical analysis and provide effective selection of wireless technologies, including Zigbee, Wi-Fi, and cellular systems, with respect to the deployed density of machines. Therefore, this paper successfully demonstrates a practical timing synchronization, to make a breakthrough of network dynamic control in real-world machine systems, such as Internet of Things.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41704006,42204041,and 42374011)the Natural Science Foundation Outstanding Youth Fund Program of Henan Province(242300421150)the Key Laboratory of Smart Earth(SYS-ZX06-2024-01).
文摘Universal time(UT)1 is an alternative description of the Earth’s rotation angle and is one of the spatial parameters representing the Earth’s orientation that reflects subtle changes in its rotational speed.While very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)has recently achieved high-precision measurements of UT1,its prohibitively high equipment costs and complex data processes make it difficult to meet the requirements of users in fields with stringent real-time data requirements,such as astronomical measurement and celestial navigation.Currently,the digital zenith telescope is one of the most accurate ground-based optical astronomical measurement instruments available.This study briefly introduces the digital zenith telescope measurement system and the basic principles of UT1 measurement and data processing.On the basis of more than 400 UT1 measurement experiments conducted at Luonan,Lijiang,and Delingha,the accuracy of UT1 measurements based on the digital zenith telescope is analyzed.The experimental results show that the internal consistency accuracy within 20 min can reach 10 ms and that the internal consistency accuracy of single-day observations can reach 0.05″.Compared with IERS 14C04,the mean absolute error of the UT1 measurements is approximately 3 ms.This indicates that optical astronomical observations based on the digital zenith telescope can be used as an effective regional autonomous monitoring method to supplement VLBI by providing highfrequency UT1,functioning in particular as an emergency backup when satellite navigation fails.
文摘提出使用磁共振图像(MRI)超短回波时间(UTE)成像序列结合T2*映射技术,对耳软骨T2*值进行在体无创检测,探究既能对耳软骨进行非侵入性成像又能定量评估在体耳软骨生物成分的方法,为耳软骨再造和修复整形手术评价的标准化提供新思路。首先,使用1个UTE和5个短回波时间(TE)的成像组合序列采集30名志愿者右侧外耳的MRI图像;然后,利用采集到的每名志愿者的图像进行组内刚性配准及手动分割耳软骨与外耳轮廓(包含耳软骨及周围组织,如皮肤、脂肪和其他软组织)的预处理;接下来,分别运用单指数和双指数衰减模型在分割出来的耳软骨和外耳区域进行T2*值测量;最后,分别使用这两种模型拟合耳软骨信号强度随回波时间变化的衰减曲线,并比较拟合模型的准确性。结果显示,在30例右耳的单成分分析(单指数模型)实验中,外耳的T2*m平均值为(49.269±16.979)ms,耳软骨的T2*m平均值为(23.799±9.629)ms。在双成分分析(双指数模型)中,外耳的短成分T2*s平均值为(11.713±3.111)ms,长成分T2*l平均值为(65.128±13.132)ms,耳软骨的短成分T2*s平均值为(5.577±1.830)ms,长成分T2*l平均值为(30.628±8.413)ms。统计分析显示,单成分分析计算得到的T2*m,和双成分分析计算得到的T2*s、T2*l,在外耳和耳软骨区域均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。在曲线拟合中,双指数模型优于单指数模型(R^2[bi]=0.999±0.001 vs R^2[mono]=0.905±0.014,P<0.05)。实验结果表明,超短回波时间成像序列结合T2*映射技术对在体耳软骨进行T2*值无创检测具备可行性,有望为软骨组织工程和3D生物打印技术制作的耳软骨-支架复合物应用在耳廓修复和再造中提供医学影像学的支撑,也为小耳畸形外科整形手术术后定量评估耳软骨提供一种可行性方案。
基金supported by the Major Research plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China 9118008National Key Technology R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology 2014BAC16B01
文摘Efficient multi-machine cooperation and network dynamics still remain open that jeopardize great applications in largescale machine-to-machine(M2M) networks. Among all possible machine cooperation controls, to synchronize tremendous machines in a timing-efficient brings one of the greatest challenge and serves as the foundation for any other network control policies. In this paper, we propose a linear-time synchronization protocol in large M2M networks. Specifically, a closed-form of synchronization rate is provided by developing the statistical bounds of the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian matrix. These bounds enable the efficient control of network dynamics, facilitating the timing synchronization in networks. Through a practical study in Metropolis, simulation results confirm our theoretical analysis and provide effective selection of wireless technologies, including Zigbee, Wi-Fi, and cellular systems, with respect to the deployed density of machines. Therefore, this paper successfully demonstrates a practical timing synchronization, to make a breakthrough of network dynamic control in real-world machine systems, such as Internet of Things.
