南方红壤丘陵区不同用材林下土壤侵蚀特征及其对有机碳(SOC)含量的影响与机制尚不明确。应用137Cs示踪技术,以桂北低山丘陵区的杂木林、马尾松林和桉树林为研究对象,研究不同林型和坡位下土壤侵蚀特征及其对SOC含量的影响。结果表明,土...南方红壤丘陵区不同用材林下土壤侵蚀特征及其对有机碳(SOC)含量的影响与机制尚不明确。应用137Cs示踪技术,以桂北低山丘陵区的杂木林、马尾松林和桉树林为研究对象,研究不同林型和坡位下土壤侵蚀特征及其对SOC含量的影响。结果表明,土壤侵蚀模数的范围为-3009.29—7472.95 t km^(-2)a^(-1),不同林型间表现为桉树林(4659.56 t km^(-2)a^(-1))>马尾松(938.99 t km^(-2)a^(-1))>杂木林(-1476.90 t km^(-2)a^(-1)),不同坡位为上坡(3416.71 t km^(-2)a^(-1))>中坡(621.80 t km^(-2)a^(-1))>下坡(83.14 t km^(-2)a^(-1))。与背景值相比,3个林地的上坡位均发生了土壤侵蚀,下坡位均发生了土壤沉积,桉树人工林的土壤侵蚀量较大。SOC和粘粒含量分别在不同林型和坡位上具有一致的分布规律,其平均值在不同林型间表现为桉树林<马尾松林<杂木林,不同坡位间表现为上坡<中坡<下坡。土壤侵蚀模数与SOC、粘粒含量均呈显著负相关,与粉粒含量呈显著正相关。结构方程模型表明,土壤侵蚀通过降低土壤粘粒含量从而减小SOC含量。在土壤侵蚀最大的上坡位,应注意防风固土措施的选择,如营造混交林。加强对人工林林下凋落物的保留与林下植被的恢复措施,以减少土壤侵蚀和增加土壤碳固存,充分发挥人工林在水土保持中的作用。展开更多
We evaluated,for the first time in Turkey,the productivity of a feller buncher during clear-cut operations of two Brutian pine stands located in Canakkale,northwestern Turkey with different diameter classes and terrai...We evaluated,for the first time in Turkey,the productivity of a feller buncher during clear-cut operations of two Brutian pine stands located in Canakkale,northwestern Turkey with different diameter classes and terrain conditions.In the first stand with 24.6 cm average DBH,the feller buncher cut full trees and moved them to roadside.In the second stand with 34.3 cm average DBH,the feller buncher cut trees in two stages due to their larger diameters and the relatively steep and rough terrain conditions of the site.The effects of specific stand features,DBH and tree height measurements were assessed through statistical analysis in relation to productivity.The results indicate that the average productivity for the first stand was about 118 m^3h^-1,while it was about 80 m3h-1 in the second stand.Even though tree diameter and volume were higher in the second stand,productivity decreased by32.3%due to extra time spent on the two-stage cutting operation.The results revealed that harvesting operations should be planned carefully and the right equipment selected by accounting for different tree sizes,terrain conditions and machine specifications in order to better understand their effects on production.展开更多
文摘南方红壤丘陵区不同用材林下土壤侵蚀特征及其对有机碳(SOC)含量的影响与机制尚不明确。应用137Cs示踪技术,以桂北低山丘陵区的杂木林、马尾松林和桉树林为研究对象,研究不同林型和坡位下土壤侵蚀特征及其对SOC含量的影响。结果表明,土壤侵蚀模数的范围为-3009.29—7472.95 t km^(-2)a^(-1),不同林型间表现为桉树林(4659.56 t km^(-2)a^(-1))>马尾松(938.99 t km^(-2)a^(-1))>杂木林(-1476.90 t km^(-2)a^(-1)),不同坡位为上坡(3416.71 t km^(-2)a^(-1))>中坡(621.80 t km^(-2)a^(-1))>下坡(83.14 t km^(-2)a^(-1))。与背景值相比,3个林地的上坡位均发生了土壤侵蚀,下坡位均发生了土壤沉积,桉树人工林的土壤侵蚀量较大。SOC和粘粒含量分别在不同林型和坡位上具有一致的分布规律,其平均值在不同林型间表现为桉树林<马尾松林<杂木林,不同坡位间表现为上坡<中坡<下坡。土壤侵蚀模数与SOC、粘粒含量均呈显著负相关,与粉粒含量呈显著正相关。结构方程模型表明,土壤侵蚀通过降低土壤粘粒含量从而减小SOC含量。在土壤侵蚀最大的上坡位,应注意防风固土措施的选择,如营造混交林。加强对人工林林下凋落物的保留与林下植被的恢复措施,以减少土壤侵蚀和增加土壤碳固存,充分发挥人工林在水土保持中的作用。
文摘We evaluated,for the first time in Turkey,the productivity of a feller buncher during clear-cut operations of two Brutian pine stands located in Canakkale,northwestern Turkey with different diameter classes and terrain conditions.In the first stand with 24.6 cm average DBH,the feller buncher cut full trees and moved them to roadside.In the second stand with 34.3 cm average DBH,the feller buncher cut trees in two stages due to their larger diameters and the relatively steep and rough terrain conditions of the site.The effects of specific stand features,DBH and tree height measurements were assessed through statistical analysis in relation to productivity.The results indicate that the average productivity for the first stand was about 118 m^3h^-1,while it was about 80 m3h-1 in the second stand.Even though tree diameter and volume were higher in the second stand,productivity decreased by32.3%due to extra time spent on the two-stage cutting operation.The results revealed that harvesting operations should be planned carefully and the right equipment selected by accounting for different tree sizes,terrain conditions and machine specifications in order to better understand their effects on production.
