虎乳灵芝是珍稀食药用真菌,被认为是最具有开发前景的药用真菌之一。文章综述虎乳灵芝分类地位演变、生物学特性、栽培技术、活性成分及药理作用的相关研究进展:虎乳灵芝隶属于担子菌门伞菌纲多孔菌目多孔菌科核生柄孔菌属,具有丰富的...虎乳灵芝是珍稀食药用真菌,被认为是最具有开发前景的药用真菌之一。文章综述虎乳灵芝分类地位演变、生物学特性、栽培技术、活性成分及药理作用的相关研究进展:虎乳灵芝隶属于担子菌门伞菌纲多孔菌目多孔菌科核生柄孔菌属,具有丰富的物种多样性,现已发现7个物种,主要分布在亚洲和非洲的热带地区;在我国,虎乳灵芝仅分布在海南省,目前发现有2个种,即孤苓核生柄孔菌[Lignosus rhinocerus(Cooke) Ryvarden]和海南核生柄孔菌(Lignosus hainanensis B. K. Cui);虎乳灵芝的主要形态特征为担子果一年生,具中生柄,菌柄从菌核上生出,呈木栓质,菌盖呈浅黄褐色且表面光滑或具细微绒毛,常具同心环带,孔口圆形且表面白色到浅黄色,担孢子圆柱形至椭圆形,无色,薄壁,光滑,无拟糊精反应和淀粉质反应;目前已栽培的虎乳灵芝有4种,最常见报道的为孤苓核生柄孔菌,其他3种分别为虎乳核生柄孔菌(Lignosus tigris Chon S. Tan)、金马伦核生柄孔菌(Lignosus cameronensis Chon S. Tan)和海南核生柄孔菌,自20世纪90年代末我国开始虎乳灵芝人工驯化,用于生产的种类主要是孤苓核生柄孔菌,2024年本课题组首次成功驯化海南核生柄孔菌,虎乳灵芝在我国的栽培区主要是海南省,以林下栽培为主,产业规模近年逐年扩增,形成具有广阔发展潜力的林下经济健康产业,产生了较高的经济价值和社会效益;虎乳灵芝富含多糖、活性蛋白、氨基酸、矿物质、维生素等活性物质,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、改善呼吸、免疫调节、抗氧化等多种药理作用,近年来对虎乳灵芝生理活性成分和药理作用的研究已取得较大进展,但虎乳灵芝的生产规模还远不能满足社会需求,其人工培养技术相对滞后。最后文章提出今后研究重点,包括虎乳灵芝种质资源系统评价、品种选育、临床试验及产品精深加工等,为虎乳灵芝资源发掘、研究及开发利用提供参考。展开更多
Lignosus rhinocerus is one of the most valuable medicinal fungi used throughout South East Asia,and South China.The polypore is characterized by a stipitate basidiomata with orbicular pileus,and an underground sclerot...Lignosus rhinocerus is one of the most valuable medicinal fungi used throughout South East Asia,and South China.The polypore is characterized by a stipitate basidiomata with orbicular pileus,and an underground sclerotium,a trimitic hyphal system bearing generative hyphae with clamp connections,and globose to subglobose basidiospores.Basidiomata,including the sclerotia of L.rhinocerus are used to treat various ailments.L.rhinocerus is rarely encountered in the wild and has a very restricted geographic distribution.Because of its rarity and importance,domestication and commercial cultivation of the fungus has been attempted.During study of the polyporoid fungi in forests of Kerala State,India,some interesting specimens were collected.Detailed taxonomic study of the collected specimens identified them as L.rhinocerus,with a distribution record new to India.Taxonomic account of the species is presented.展开更多
文摘虎乳灵芝是珍稀食药用真菌,被认为是最具有开发前景的药用真菌之一。文章综述虎乳灵芝分类地位演变、生物学特性、栽培技术、活性成分及药理作用的相关研究进展:虎乳灵芝隶属于担子菌门伞菌纲多孔菌目多孔菌科核生柄孔菌属,具有丰富的物种多样性,现已发现7个物种,主要分布在亚洲和非洲的热带地区;在我国,虎乳灵芝仅分布在海南省,目前发现有2个种,即孤苓核生柄孔菌[Lignosus rhinocerus(Cooke) Ryvarden]和海南核生柄孔菌(Lignosus hainanensis B. K. Cui);虎乳灵芝的主要形态特征为担子果一年生,具中生柄,菌柄从菌核上生出,呈木栓质,菌盖呈浅黄褐色且表面光滑或具细微绒毛,常具同心环带,孔口圆形且表面白色到浅黄色,担孢子圆柱形至椭圆形,无色,薄壁,光滑,无拟糊精反应和淀粉质反应;目前已栽培的虎乳灵芝有4种,最常见报道的为孤苓核生柄孔菌,其他3种分别为虎乳核生柄孔菌(Lignosus tigris Chon S. Tan)、金马伦核生柄孔菌(Lignosus cameronensis Chon S. Tan)和海南核生柄孔菌,自20世纪90年代末我国开始虎乳灵芝人工驯化,用于生产的种类主要是孤苓核生柄孔菌,2024年本课题组首次成功驯化海南核生柄孔菌,虎乳灵芝在我国的栽培区主要是海南省,以林下栽培为主,产业规模近年逐年扩增,形成具有广阔发展潜力的林下经济健康产业,产生了较高的经济价值和社会效益;虎乳灵芝富含多糖、活性蛋白、氨基酸、矿物质、维生素等活性物质,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、改善呼吸、免疫调节、抗氧化等多种药理作用,近年来对虎乳灵芝生理活性成分和药理作用的研究已取得较大进展,但虎乳灵芝的生产规模还远不能满足社会需求,其人工培养技术相对滞后。最后文章提出今后研究重点,包括虎乳灵芝种质资源系统评价、品种选育、临床试验及产品精深加工等,为虎乳灵芝资源发掘、研究及开发利用提供参考。
文摘Lignosus rhinocerus is one of the most valuable medicinal fungi used throughout South East Asia,and South China.The polypore is characterized by a stipitate basidiomata with orbicular pileus,and an underground sclerotium,a trimitic hyphal system bearing generative hyphae with clamp connections,and globose to subglobose basidiospores.Basidiomata,including the sclerotia of L.rhinocerus are used to treat various ailments.L.rhinocerus is rarely encountered in the wild and has a very restricted geographic distribution.Because of its rarity and importance,domestication and commercial cultivation of the fungus has been attempted.During study of the polyporoid fungi in forests of Kerala State,India,some interesting specimens were collected.Detailed taxonomic study of the collected specimens identified them as L.rhinocerus,with a distribution record new to India.Taxonomic account of the species is presented.
