BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that traditional antiepileptics, such as phenytoin, carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital, etc., can result in the decrease of thyroid hormone of epileptic patients. However, there is...BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that traditional antiepileptics, such as phenytoin, carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital, etc., can result in the decrease of thyroid hormone of epileptic patients. However, there is still no sufficient evidence for the studies about the effect of new-type antiepileptics, such as topiramate (TPM), on thyroid hormones. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of TPM and CBZ on the level of thyroid hormones in serum of adults with epilepsy. DESIGN: A comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 outpatients or inpatients newly diagnosed to have epilepsy were selected from the Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from July 2003 to August 2005, including 60 males and 40 females, aged 18-70 years. All the patients were accorded with the standard for the classification of epilepsy set by International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in 1981; Had been Informed and agreed with the detection; Had no history of thyroid gland disease; Had not taken any drugs could affect the thyroid function. Meanwhile, 40 adult healthy examinees were selected from our hospital as the control group, including 24 males and 16 females, aged 18-65 years. METHODS: ① The 100 epileptic patients were randomly divided into TPM group (n =50) and CBZ group (n =50), and they were treated with TPM (Xian-Janssen Pharmaceutical, Ltd.; Batch number: 03AS032, Norm: 25 mg/tablet) and CBZ (Shanghai Sunve Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Batch number: 030201, Norm: 100 mg/tablet) respectively. The initial dosage of TPM was 25 mg per day, increased by 25 mg every week, the objective dosage of 100-200 mg per day was maintained when the symptoms were satisfactorily controlled. The dosage of CBZ was 6-8 mg/kg per day. All the patients were administrated for 1 year. ② The serum levels of total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the epileptic patients were detected by means of chemiluminescence before treatment and at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment respectively. ③Standards for judging curative effects: Controlled by without seizure, the frequency of seizure reduced by ≥ 75% was taken as significant effect, reduced by 50%-74% as effect, and reduced by < 49% as invalid, whereas increased by more than 20% was taken as aggravation. ④ The intergroup and intragroup differences of the measurement data were compared by the analysis of variance and paired t test respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of thyroid hormones before treatment and at different time points after treatment of TPM and CBZ. RESULTS: All the 100 epileptic patients and 40 healthy subjects were involved in the analysis of results. ① Changes of serum levels of thyroid hormones: The serum levels of TT3, TT4, FT3, FT4 and TSH were close between the epileptic patients and normal subjects before treatment (P > 0.05). In the CBZ group, the serum levels of FT4 at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment [(16.87±3.77), (16.34±3.98) , (16.97±3.95) pmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(18.00±3.54) pmol/L, t =2.74, 3.50, 2.26, P < 0.05]; The levels of TT3 at 3, 6 and 12 months [(2.09±0.54), (1.99±0.49), (1.84±0.47) nmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(2.22±0.63) nmol/L, t =2.73, 2.78, 5.18, P < 0.05]. The levels of TT3 at 6 and 12 months [(109.65±23.98), (107.72±23.90) nmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(118.98±28.48) nmol/L, t =3.11, 3.30, P < 0.05]. TT4 level in serum at 3 months and the levels of FT3 and TSH at each time point after CBZ treatment had no obvious changes as compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05). In the TPM group, the levels of thyroid hormones at each time point had no obvious changes as compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05). ② Curative effects: Of the 100 epileptic patients, it was controlled in 12 cases, significantly effective in 30 cases, effective in 39 cases and invalid in 19 cases, the total effective rate was 81% (81/100). CONCLUSION: CBZ treatment can lead to the decreases of thyroid hormones in adult epileptic patients. Epilepsy itself and TPM treatment cannot change the thyroid hormones in adult epileptic patients, which suggests that TPM treatment is safer for the thyroid function of adult epileptic patients.展开更多
With regard to brain acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine and serum triiodothyronine(T_3) and thyroxine(T_4)profiles,a biphasic response pattern was elicited in Channa punctatus chroni- cally exposed to nonlethal do...With regard to brain acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine and serum triiodothyronine(T_3) and thyroxine(T_4)profiles,a biphasic response pattern was elicited in Channa punctatus chroni- cally exposed to nonlethal doses of locally used pesticides,namely,Metacid-50 and Carbaryl. Data revealed that these xenobiotics caused significant inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase activity and a decrease in thyroxine level accompanied by a concurrent increase in acetylcholine accumulation and T_3 level.It is surmised that Metacid-50 and Carbaryl influence both neural and hormonal functions.1989 Academic Press.Inc.展开更多
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding is one of the common Gynaecological issues. There are several causes. Some of the women presented with these issues found to have underling thyroid abnormality which was not discovered earlier...Heavy Menstrual Bleeding is one of the common Gynaecological issues. There are several causes. Some of the women presented with these issues found to have underling thyroid abnormality which was not discovered earlier. This research tries to find the prevalence of the Thyroid Disorder among the women present with Heavy menstrual bleeding in Sri Lankan women.展开更多
Rationale: Levothyroxine is the most commonly used agent in thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Although there are many hypothyroid patients who use levothyroxine as a treatment, high level of thyroid stimulating hor...Rationale: Levothyroxine is the most commonly used agent in thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Although there are many hypothyroid patients who use levothyroxine as a treatment, high level of thyroid stimulating hormone is found in a limited number of levothyroxine overdose cases worldwide.Patient concern: A 34-year-old male patient taking 4.5 mg levothyroxine for suicide. Diagnosis: Overdose of levothyroxine. Interventions: The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit for follow-up treatment. Cardiac rithym and vital parameters of patient were closely monitored. Outcomes: The patient discharged without any life-threatening complications. Lessons: Patient with initial high thyroid stimulating hormone levels may not be in hyperthyroidism crisis by levothyroxine poisoning.展开更多
Background: The thyroid status is evaluated by two clinical diagnostic tests which are thyroid ultrasonography and thyroid function tests. The objective of this research is to critically analyze the age and gender bas...Background: The thyroid status is evaluated by two clinical diagnostic tests which are thyroid ultrasonography and thyroid function tests. The objective of this research is to critically analyze the age and gender based variations of thyroid volume and thyroid hormone levels in the hospital based euthyroid subjects. Methodology: A total of 221 euthyroid subjects aged 1 - 86 years were selected to observe the normal thyroid size by ultrasonography at Department of Radiology and the thyroid function test values (FT3, FT4 and TSH) of 2413 euthyroid subjects aged (Results: The best fitted equations with significant correlation coefficients and p Conclusion: The thyroid size first increases and then decreases whereas the thyroxin level first decreases and then increases with aging. Left lobe volume is almost same for both genders and right lobe volume is higher in males. The thyroid size in menarche and menopause periods of females is larger than that of males. Such age- and gender-specific changes recommend the new refer-ence ranges for the normal thyroid functions.展开更多
Since the efficiency of treatment of thyroid disorder depends on the risk of malignancy, indeterminate follicular neoplasm (FN) images should be classified. The diagnosis process has been done by visual interpretation...Since the efficiency of treatment of thyroid disorder depends on the risk of malignancy, indeterminate follicular neoplasm (FN) images should be classified. The diagnosis process has been done by visual interpretation of experienced pathologists. However, it is difficult to separate the favor benign from borderline types. Thus, this paper presents a classification approach based on 3D nuclei model to classify favor benign and borderline types of follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) in cytological specimens. The proposed method utilized 3D gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and random forest classifier. It was applied to 22 data sets of FN images. Furthermore, the use of 3D GLCM was compared with 2D GLCM to evaluate the classification results. From experimental results, the proposed system achieved 95.45% of the classification. The use of 3D GLCM was better than 2D GLCM according to the accuracy of classification. Consequently, the proposed method probably helps a pathologist as a prescreening tool.展开更多
目的本研究旨在调查鄂尔多斯市2024年8~10岁学龄儿童碘营养水平,为科学开展重点人群的碘补充工作提供依据。方法依照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案(2016版)》的要求开展抽样调查,分别检测食盐中的碘含量、学龄儿童尿碘水平,并评估其甲状腺肿...目的本研究旨在调查鄂尔多斯市2024年8~10岁学龄儿童碘营养水平,为科学开展重点人群的碘补充工作提供依据。方法依照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案(2016版)》的要求开展抽样调查,分别检测食盐中的碘含量、学龄儿童尿碘水平,并评估其甲状腺肿大发生情况。采用百分比及中位数描述盐碘和尿碘水平,尿碘中位数的组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验,构成比和率之间的差异采用χ^(2)检验。结果2024年鄂尔多斯市8~10岁儿童总碘盐覆盖率为98.16%,碘盐合格率达到97.96%,合格碘盐食用率为96.16%。尿碘中位数为200.80μg/L,其中68.83%的儿童尿碘浓度处于100~299μg/L的适宜范围。在分地区比较中,不同城区儿童尿碘水平差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.953,P=0.030);分年龄段分析显示,8~10岁儿童间尿碘水平差异亦有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.329,P=0.012)。全市儿童甲状腺容积中位数为2.87 m L,甲状腺肿大率为2.33%。不同年龄组(H=44.631,P<0.001)及不同地区(H=7.897,P=0.019)儿童的甲状腺容积差异均具有统计学意义。结论鄂尔多斯市学龄儿童的碘营养总体处于适宜水平。但地区间和年龄段间存在一定差异,建议持续关注重点地区和特定年龄段儿童的碘营养状况,实施差异化干预策略,以保障儿童碘营养均衡和甲状腺健康。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that traditional antiepileptics, such as phenytoin, carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital, etc., can result in the decrease of thyroid hormone of epileptic patients. However, there is still no sufficient evidence for the studies about the effect of new-type antiepileptics, such as topiramate (TPM), on thyroid hormones. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of TPM and CBZ on the level of thyroid hormones in serum of adults with epilepsy. DESIGN: A comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 outpatients or inpatients newly diagnosed to have epilepsy were selected from the Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from July 2003 to August 2005, including 60 males and 40 females, aged 18-70 years. All the patients were accorded with the standard for the classification of epilepsy set by International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in 1981; Had been Informed and agreed with the detection; Had no history of thyroid gland disease; Had not taken any drugs could affect the thyroid function. Meanwhile, 40 adult healthy examinees were selected from our hospital as the control group, including 24 males and 16 females, aged 18-65 years. METHODS: ① The 100 epileptic patients were randomly divided into TPM group (n =50) and CBZ group (n =50), and they were treated with TPM (Xian-Janssen Pharmaceutical, Ltd.; Batch number: 03AS032, Norm: 25 mg/tablet) and CBZ (Shanghai Sunve Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Batch number: 030201, Norm: 100 mg/tablet) respectively. The initial dosage of TPM was 25 mg per day, increased by 25 mg every week, the objective dosage of 100-200 mg per day was maintained when the symptoms were satisfactorily controlled. The dosage of CBZ was 6-8 mg/kg per day. All the patients were administrated for 1 year. ② The serum levels of total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the epileptic patients were detected by means of chemiluminescence before treatment and at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment respectively. ③Standards for judging curative effects: Controlled by without seizure, the frequency of seizure reduced by ≥ 75% was taken as significant effect, reduced by 50%-74% as effect, and reduced by < 49% as invalid, whereas increased by more than 20% was taken as aggravation. ④ The intergroup and intragroup differences of the measurement data were compared by the analysis of variance and paired t test respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of thyroid hormones before treatment and at different time points after treatment of TPM and CBZ. RESULTS: All the 100 epileptic patients and 40 healthy subjects were involved in the analysis of results. ① Changes of serum levels of thyroid hormones: The serum levels of TT3, TT4, FT3, FT4 and TSH were close between the epileptic patients and normal subjects before treatment (P > 0.05). In the CBZ group, the serum levels of FT4 at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment [(16.87±3.77), (16.34±3.98) , (16.97±3.95) pmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(18.00±3.54) pmol/L, t =2.74, 3.50, 2.26, P < 0.05]; The levels of TT3 at 3, 6 and 12 months [(2.09±0.54), (1.99±0.49), (1.84±0.47) nmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(2.22±0.63) nmol/L, t =2.73, 2.78, 5.18, P < 0.05]. The levels of TT3 at 6 and 12 months [(109.65±23.98), (107.72±23.90) nmol/L] were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment [(118.98±28.48) nmol/L, t =3.11, 3.30, P < 0.05]. TT4 level in serum at 3 months and the levels of FT3 and TSH at each time point after CBZ treatment had no obvious changes as compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05). In the TPM group, the levels of thyroid hormones at each time point had no obvious changes as compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05). ② Curative effects: Of the 100 epileptic patients, it was controlled in 12 cases, significantly effective in 30 cases, effective in 39 cases and invalid in 19 cases, the total effective rate was 81% (81/100). CONCLUSION: CBZ treatment can lead to the decreases of thyroid hormones in adult epileptic patients. Epilepsy itself and TPM treatment cannot change the thyroid hormones in adult epileptic patients, which suggests that TPM treatment is safer for the thyroid function of adult epileptic patients.
文摘With regard to brain acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine and serum triiodothyronine(T_3) and thyroxine(T_4)profiles,a biphasic response pattern was elicited in Channa punctatus chroni- cally exposed to nonlethal doses of locally used pesticides,namely,Metacid-50 and Carbaryl. Data revealed that these xenobiotics caused significant inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase activity and a decrease in thyroxine level accompanied by a concurrent increase in acetylcholine accumulation and T_3 level.It is surmised that Metacid-50 and Carbaryl influence both neural and hormonal functions.1989 Academic Press.Inc.
文摘Heavy Menstrual Bleeding is one of the common Gynaecological issues. There are several causes. Some of the women presented with these issues found to have underling thyroid abnormality which was not discovered earlier. This research tries to find the prevalence of the Thyroid Disorder among the women present with Heavy menstrual bleeding in Sri Lankan women.
文摘Rationale: Levothyroxine is the most commonly used agent in thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Although there are many hypothyroid patients who use levothyroxine as a treatment, high level of thyroid stimulating hormone is found in a limited number of levothyroxine overdose cases worldwide.Patient concern: A 34-year-old male patient taking 4.5 mg levothyroxine for suicide. Diagnosis: Overdose of levothyroxine. Interventions: The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit for follow-up treatment. Cardiac rithym and vital parameters of patient were closely monitored. Outcomes: The patient discharged without any life-threatening complications. Lessons: Patient with initial high thyroid stimulating hormone levels may not be in hyperthyroidism crisis by levothyroxine poisoning.
文摘Background: The thyroid status is evaluated by two clinical diagnostic tests which are thyroid ultrasonography and thyroid function tests. The objective of this research is to critically analyze the age and gender based variations of thyroid volume and thyroid hormone levels in the hospital based euthyroid subjects. Methodology: A total of 221 euthyroid subjects aged 1 - 86 years were selected to observe the normal thyroid size by ultrasonography at Department of Radiology and the thyroid function test values (FT3, FT4 and TSH) of 2413 euthyroid subjects aged (Results: The best fitted equations with significant correlation coefficients and p Conclusion: The thyroid size first increases and then decreases whereas the thyroxin level first decreases and then increases with aging. Left lobe volume is almost same for both genders and right lobe volume is higher in males. The thyroid size in menarche and menopause periods of females is larger than that of males. Such age- and gender-specific changes recommend the new refer-ence ranges for the normal thyroid functions.
文摘Since the efficiency of treatment of thyroid disorder depends on the risk of malignancy, indeterminate follicular neoplasm (FN) images should be classified. The diagnosis process has been done by visual interpretation of experienced pathologists. However, it is difficult to separate the favor benign from borderline types. Thus, this paper presents a classification approach based on 3D nuclei model to classify favor benign and borderline types of follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) in cytological specimens. The proposed method utilized 3D gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and random forest classifier. It was applied to 22 data sets of FN images. Furthermore, the use of 3D GLCM was compared with 2D GLCM to evaluate the classification results. From experimental results, the proposed system achieved 95.45% of the classification. The use of 3D GLCM was better than 2D GLCM according to the accuracy of classification. Consequently, the proposed method probably helps a pathologist as a prescreening tool.
文摘目的本研究旨在调查鄂尔多斯市2024年8~10岁学龄儿童碘营养水平,为科学开展重点人群的碘补充工作提供依据。方法依照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案(2016版)》的要求开展抽样调查,分别检测食盐中的碘含量、学龄儿童尿碘水平,并评估其甲状腺肿大发生情况。采用百分比及中位数描述盐碘和尿碘水平,尿碘中位数的组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验,构成比和率之间的差异采用χ^(2)检验。结果2024年鄂尔多斯市8~10岁儿童总碘盐覆盖率为98.16%,碘盐合格率达到97.96%,合格碘盐食用率为96.16%。尿碘中位数为200.80μg/L,其中68.83%的儿童尿碘浓度处于100~299μg/L的适宜范围。在分地区比较中,不同城区儿童尿碘水平差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.953,P=0.030);分年龄段分析显示,8~10岁儿童间尿碘水平差异亦有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.329,P=0.012)。全市儿童甲状腺容积中位数为2.87 m L,甲状腺肿大率为2.33%。不同年龄组(H=44.631,P<0.001)及不同地区(H=7.897,P=0.019)儿童的甲状腺容积差异均具有统计学意义。结论鄂尔多斯市学龄儿童的碘营养总体处于适宜水平。但地区间和年龄段间存在一定差异,建议持续关注重点地区和特定年龄段儿童的碘营养状况,实施差异化干预策略,以保障儿童碘营养均衡和甲状腺健康。
