Analysis of 3D measurements of 13 landmarks on 72 Yuanmou Hominoid lower molars and some comparative samples, using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA), show that the 3D morphometric features of Yuanmou Homi noi...Analysis of 3D measurements of 13 landmarks on 72 Yuanmou Hominoid lower molars and some comparative samples, using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA), show that the 3D morphometric features of Yuanmou Homi noid lower molars largely resemble those of Lufengpithecus. Compared with extant great apes and humans, both Yuanmou Hominoid and Lufengpithecus differ markedly from humans, whereas they show much resemblance to apes. The two Chinese hominoids and extant great apes are different from humans in many of the same ways. Moreover, 3D morphometric features of Yuanmou Hominoid lower molars differ from those of each of the three extant great apes in similar ways. Of the three, the orangutan is the closest match to Yuanmou Hominoid in tooth morphology. However, the exact implications of these similarities and differences remain to be determined.展开更多
AIM: To describe a three-dimensional model(3DM) to accurately reconstruct anatomic relationships of centrally located hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs).METHODS: From March 2013 to July 2014, reconstructions and visual s...AIM: To describe a three-dimensional model(3DM) to accurately reconstruct anatomic relationships of centrally located hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs).METHODS: From March 2013 to July 2014, reconstructions and visual simulations of centrally located HCCs were performed in 39 patients using a 3D subject-based computed tomography(CT) model with customdeveloped software. CT images were used for the 3D reconstruction of Couinaud's pedicles and hepatic veins, and the calculation of corresponding tumor territories and hepatic segments was performed using Yorktal DMIT software. The respective volume, surgical margin, and simulated virtual resection of tumors were also estimated by this model preoperatively. All patients were treated surgically and the results were retrospectively assessed. Clinical characteristics, imaging data, procedure variables, pathologic features, and postoperative data were recorded and compared to determine the reliability of the model.RESULTS: 3D reconstruction allowed stereoscopic identification of the spatial relationships between physiologic and pathologic structures, and offered quantifiable liver resection proposals based on individualized liver anatomy. The predicted values were consistent with the actual values for tumor mass volume(82.4 ± 109.1 m L vs 84.1 ± 108.9 m L, P = 0.910), surgical margin(10.1 ± 6.2 mm vs 9.1 ± 5.9 mm, P = 0.488), and maximum tumor diameter(4.61 ± 2.16 cm vs 4.53 ± 2.14 cm, P = 0.871). In addition,the number and extent of portal venous ramifications, as well as their relation to hepatic veins, were visualized. Preoperative planning based on simulated resection facilitated complete resection of large tumors located in the confluence of major vessels. And most of the predicted data were correlated with intraoperative findings.CONCLUSION: This 3DM provides quantitative morphometry of tumor masses and a stereo-relationship with adjacent structures, thus providing a promising technique for the management of centrally located HCCs.展开更多
Under the strategic framework of rural revitalization and agricultural modernization, Xinjiashan Specialty Coffee Base, located in Zaotang Village, Lujiang Town, Longyang District, Baoshan City, has been proactively i...Under the strategic framework of rural revitalization and agricultural modernization, Xinjiashan Specialty Coffee Base, located in Zaotang Village, Lujiang Town, Longyang District, Baoshan City, has been proactively investigating innovative models for agricultural development. Through extensive communication and collaboration, this base has established close partnerships with research institutions including Kunming University of Science and Technology, Baoshan University, and Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with a commitment to thoroughly exploring the potential for resource recycling and ecological complementarity. An innovative four-in-one three-dimensional integrated planting system incorporating "coffee, bananas, green manure, and bees" has been implemented. Concurrently, technological and digital management strategies have been comprehensively integrated to improve planting efficiency. Under this model, the proportion of specialty coffee attains 71%, and the per-unit yield is 17% greater than that of the conventional planting model. This approach not only substantially enhances economic returns but also promotes the integrated development of ecological and social benefits, offering a valuable practical example and experiential reference for the specialty and sustainable advancement of the coffee industry in comparable regions.展开更多
Aerial surveys are dynamic and continuous processes,and there are different height distributions of the ground in the measurement area,which leads to problems such as overlapping measurement areas and inaccurate altit...Aerial surveys are dynamic and continuous processes,and there are different height distributions of the ground in the measurement area,which leads to problems such as overlapping measurement areas and inaccurate altitude correction during the survey process.Commonly used terrain correction methods are based on the concept of finite elementization of ground surface radioactive sources,using GPS coordinates,radar altitude,and ground elevation distribution information from aerial surveys,combined with the sourceless efficiency calibration method to construct a response matrix,which is then inverted for surface nuclide content.However,most of the sourceless efficiency calibration methods used are numerical calculations that consider the body detector as a point detector and do not consider the changes in intrinsic detection efficiency under different incident directions of gamma rays.Therefore,when the altitude of the measurement area varies significantly or the flight altitude of the aerial survey is relatively low,such sourceless efficiency calibration method calculations tend to have a large bias,which affects the accuracy of the terrain correction.To address the above problems,this study employs a novel sourceless efficiency calibration method based on the Boolean operation of the ray deposition process and simplifies the traditional body source measurement model to a surface source measurement model to achieve fast and accurate efficiency calibration.Then,through the discretization of the measurement process,the static measurement process is superposed as equivalent to the dynamic measurement process,and the dynamic measurement response matrix is built and optimized based on the calibration method.Finally,the PSO-MLEM algorithm was used to solve the dynamic measurement response matrix to achieve dynamic terrain correction of aerial survey data.Analysis of the Baiyun'ebo test area revealed that,after applying dynamic terrain correction,the inverted anomalies in uranium(eU),thorium(eTh),and potassium(K)concentrations were closer to ground measurements(within 5.72%-30.79%)and exhibited clearer anomaly boundaries compared to traditional height-based corrections.However,owing to the inherent statistical fluctuations and characteristics of matrix inversion,higher measurement values tend to absorb lower ones,potentially enlarging the anomalous regions.Nevertheless,the highanomaly regions after inversion largely coincided with the ground truth validation,demonstrating that the proposed method can effectively correct airborne gamma spectrometry data.展开更多
The transitional zone between the Sub-Himalaya and the Lesser Himalaya is delineated by the Main Boundary Thrust(MBT)to the north and the Himalayan Frontal Thrust(HFT)to the south.The MBT acts as a major topographic b...The transitional zone between the Sub-Himalaya and the Lesser Himalaya is delineated by the Main Boundary Thrust(MBT)to the north and the Himalayan Frontal Thrust(HFT)to the south.The MBT acts as a major topographic barrier that exerts significant control over longitudinal river valleys and sediment dispersal patterns.This region exhibits pronounced fluvial responses shaped by the interplay of tectonic activity and climatic processes.The present study addresses the need for detailed micro-scale morphometric analysis in this zone to better understand ongoing landscape deformation and neotectonic signatures.A multidisciplinary approach integrating geospatial morphometric techniques with field-based evidence has been employed to investigate terrain evolution.Quantitative morphometric assessments were conducted for 16 sub-basins within an active segment of the MBT,bounded by the Jakhan River to the east and the Giri River to the west.Dimensional changes driven by tectonic uplift and accelerated erosion/incision were evaluated using the hypsometric integral(HI),with most values falling below 0.50,indicating that the drainage basins are in an equilibrium stage.Basin shape(Bs)values range from 0.88 to 6.79,supporting the occurrence of accelerated erosional processes.The stream length gradient index(SL)exhibits values between 86 and 816,suggesting rapid uplift and incision.Similarly,computed values of the Chi(χ)coefficient(479-3706)and the steepness index(Ksn;63-214)reflect differential erosion and strong tectonic control on drainage network evolution.The spatial distribution of tectonic deformation was statistically evaluated using a correlation matrix based on the Relative Index of Active Tectonics(RIAT).The results reveal that approximately 50.33%and 16.25%of the study area fall into high and moderate activity zones,respectively,which is corroborated by historical earthquake records and geomorphic evidence.Neotectonic signatures are preserved in the landscape as river terraces,displaced or tilted strata,V-shaped valleys,river offsets,knickpoints,hanging valleys,and channel migration along the strike of the MBT.These findings underscore the significant role of neotectonics in landform evolution and offer valuable insights for geohazard assessment and mitigation strategies in the rapidly developing foothill regions of the Himalaya.展开更多
According to the Mindlin plate theory and the first-order piston theory,this work obtains accurate closed-form eigensolutions for the flutter problem of three-dimensional(3D)rectangular laminated panels.The governing ...According to the Mindlin plate theory and the first-order piston theory,this work obtains accurate closed-form eigensolutions for the flutter problem of three-dimensional(3D)rectangular laminated panels.The governing differential equations are derived by the Hamilton's variational principle,and then solved by the iterative Separation-of-Variable(i SOV)method,which are applicable to arbitrary combinations of homogeneous Boundary Conditions(BCs).However,only the simply-support,clamped and cantilever panels are considered in this work for the sake of clarity.With the closed-form eigensolutions,the flutter frequency,flutter mode and flutter boundary are presented,and the effect of shear deformation and aerodynamic damping on flutter frequencies is investigated.Besides,the relation between panel energy and the work of aerodynamic load is discussed.The numerical comparisons reveal the following.(A)The flutter eigenvalues obtained by the present method are accurate,validated by the Finite Element Method(FEM)and the Galerkin method.(B)When the span-chord ratio is larger than 3,simplifying a 3D panel to 2D(two-dimensional)panel is reasonable and the relative differences of the flutter points predicted by the two models are less than one percent.(C)The reciprocal relationship between the mechanical energy of the panel and the work done by aerodynamic load is verified by using the present flutter eigenvalues and modes,further indicating the high accuracy of the present solutions.(D)The coupling of shear deformation and aerodynamic damping prevents frequency coalescing.展开更多
To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D lea...To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D leader-following cooperative interception guidance law.First,in the LOS direction of the leader,an impact time-controlled guidance law is derived based on the fixed-time stability theory,which enables the leader to complete the interception task at a prespecified impact time.Next,in the LOS direction of the followers,by introducing a time consensus tracking error function,a fixed-time consensus tracking guidance law is investigated to guarantee the consensus tracking convergence of the time-to-go.Then,in the direction normal to the LOS,by combining the designed global integral sliding mode surface and the second-order Sliding Mode Control(SMC)theory,an innovative 3D LOS-angle-constrained interception guidance law is developed,which eliminates the reaching phase in the traditional sliding mode guidance laws and effectively saves energy consumption.Moreover,it effectively suppresses the chattering phenomenon while avoiding the singularity issue,and compensates for unknown interference caused by target maneuvering online,making it convenient for practical engineering applications.Finally,theoretical proof analysis and multiple sets of numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness,superiority,and robustness of the investigated guidance law.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)urban structures play a critical role in informing climate mitigation strategies aimed at the built environment and facilitating sustainable urban development.Regrettably,there exists a significan...Three-dimensional(3D)urban structures play a critical role in informing climate mitigation strategies aimed at the built environment and facilitating sustainable urban development.Regrettably,there exists a significant gap in detailed and consistent data on 3D building space structures with global coverage due to the challenges inherent in the data collection and model calibration processes.In this study,we constructed a global urban structure(GUS-3D)dataset,including building volume,height,and footprint information,at a 500 m spatial resolution using extensive satellite observation products and numerous reference building samples.Our analysis indicated that the total volume of buildings worldwide in2015 exceeded 1×10^(12)m^(3).Over the 1985 to 2015 period,we observed a slight increase in the magnitude of 3D building volume growth(i.e.,it increased from 166.02 km3 during the 1985–2000 period to 175.08km3 during the 2000–2015 period),while the expansion magnitudes of the two-dimensional(2D)building footprint(22.51×10^(3) vs 13.29×10^(3)km^(2))and urban extent(157×10^(3) vs 133.8×10^(3)km^(2))notably decreased.This trend highlights the significant increase in intensive vertical utilization of urban land.Furthermore,we identified significant heterogeneity in building space provision and inequality across cities worldwide.This inequality is particularly pronounced in many populous Asian cities,which has been overlooked in previous studies on economic inequality.The GUS-3D dataset shows great potential to deepen our understanding of the urban environment and creates new horizons for numerous 3D urban studies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are ne...BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are necessary.However,due to differences in race and sex,people’s body shapes vary.According to European guidelines,the patch should measure 10 cm×15 cm.If any part of the MPO is dissected,injury to the nerves,vascular network,or organs may occur during surgery,thereby leading to inguinal discomfort,pain,and seroma formation after surgery.Therefore,accurate localization and measurement of the boundary of the MPO are crucial for selecting the optimal patch for inguinal hernia repair.AIM To compare the size of the MPO measured on three-dimensional multislice spiral computed tomography(CT)with that measured via laparoscopy and explore the relevant factors influencing the size of the MPO.METHODS Clinical data from 74 patients who underwent laparoscopic tension-free inguinal hernia repair at the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology between September 2022 and July 2024 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Transabdominal preperitoneal was performed.Sixty-four males and 10 females,with an average age of 58.30±12.32 years,were included.The clinical data of the patients were collected.The boundary of the MPO was measured on three-dimensional CT images before surgery and then again during transabdominal preperitoneal.All the preoperative and intraoperative data were analyzed via paired t-tests.A t-test was used for comparisons of age,body mass index,and sex between the groups.In the comparative analysis,a P value less than 0.05 indicated a significant difference.RESULTS The boundaries of the MPO on 3-dimensional CT images measured 7.05±0.47 cm and 6.27±0.61 cm,and the area of the MPO was 19.54±3.33 cm^(2).The boundaries of the MPO during surgery were 7.18±0.51 cm and 6.17±0.40 cm.The errors were not statistically significant.However,the intraoperative BD(the width of the MPO,P=0.024,P<0.05)and preoperative AC(the length of the MPO,P=0.045,P<0.05)significantly differed according to sex.The AC and BD measurements before and during surgery were not significantly different according to age,body mass index,hernia side or hernia type(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of this technology can aid in determining the most appropriate dissection range and patch size.展开更多
The development of efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is of great significance for the practical application of water splitting in alkaline electrolytes.Transitio...The development of efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is of great significance for the practical application of water splitting in alkaline electrolytes.Transition metal sulfide electrocatalysts have been widely recognized as efficient catalysts for water splitting in alkaline media.In this work,an original and efficient synthesis strategy is proposed for the fabrication of asymmetric anode(N-(Co-Cu)S_(x))and cathode(N-CoS/Cu_(2)S).Impressively,these electrodes exhibit superior performance,benefiting from the construction of three-dimensional(3D)structures and the electronic structure adjustment caused by N-doping with increased active sites,improved mass/charge transport and enhanced evolution and release of gas bubbles.Hence,N-(Co-Cu)S_(x)anode exhibits excellent OER performance with only 217 mV overpotential at 10 mA·cm^(-2),while N-CoS/Cu_(2)S cathode possesses excellent HER performance with only 67 mV overpotential at 10 mA·cm^(-2).N-(Co-Cu)S_(x)||N-CoS/Cu_(2)S electrolyzer presents a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA·cm^(-2)toward overall water splitting,which is superior to most recently reported transition metal sulfide-based catalysts.展开更多
An inventory of Rhynchophorus species was carried out to determine their diversity, biogeographical variability and morphometrics. A shotgun trapping method was used at nine sites in three districts over a four-month ...An inventory of Rhynchophorus species was carried out to determine their diversity, biogeographical variability and morphometrics. A shotgun trapping method was used at nine sites in three districts over a four-month period, identifying three species: R. quadrangulus, R. phoenicis, R. ferrugineus and a probable variant of R. phoenicis. Of these species, R. phoenicis stands out as the most widespread palm weevil, while the probable variant of R. phoenicis is considered the rarest subspecies in the Maniema region. The color of the head and elytra is a criterion for distinguishing the different species of Rhynchophorus spp. Morphological criteria indicate that the probable subspecies of R. phoenicis is the largest palm weevil in the Maniema region and even globally. It is followed by R. quadrangulus and, by far, by R. phoenicis. The smallest palm weevil in Maniema is R. ferrugineus. Moreover, these criteria reveal that, for all three species identified, the female is generally larger than the male. This study has the merit of extending the distribution of R. ferrugineus from the Maghreb to the central East of the DRC, and highlighting a subspecies of R. phoenicis. Recognition of the sexes on the basis of the shape of the tip of the abdomen (oval in the male and flat in the female) is an additional contribution.展开更多
It is of great importance to obtain precise trace data,as traces are frequently the sole visible and measurable parameter in most outcrops.The manual recognition and detection of traces on high-resolution three-dimens...It is of great importance to obtain precise trace data,as traces are frequently the sole visible and measurable parameter in most outcrops.The manual recognition and detection of traces on high-resolution three-dimensional(3D)models are relatively straightforward but time-consuming.One potential solution to enhance this process is to use machine learning algorithms to detect the 3D traces.In this study,a unique pixel-wise texture mapper algorithm generates a dense point cloud representation of an outcrop with the precise resolution of the original textured 3D model.A virtual digital image rendering was then employed to capture virtual images of selected regions.This technique helps to overcome limitations caused by the surface morphology of the rock mass,such as restricted access,lighting conditions,and shading effects.After AI-powered trace detection on two-dimensional(2D)images,a 3D data structuring technique was applied to the selected trace pixels.In the 3D data structuring,the trace data were structured through 2D thinning,3D reprojection,clustering,segmentation,and segment linking.Finally,the linked segments were exported as 3D polylines,with each polyline in the output corresponding to a trace.The efficacy of the proposed method was assessed using a 3D model of a real-world case study,which was used to compare the results of artificial intelligence(AI)-aided and human intelligence trace detection.Rosette diagrams,which visualize the distribution of trace orientations,confirmed the high similarity between the automatically and manually generated trace maps.In conclusion,the proposed semi-automatic method was easy to use,fast,and accurate in detecting the dominant jointing system of the rock mass.展开更多
Currently,there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions,despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D)braided composites into rotating blade compone...Currently,there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions,despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D)braided composites into rotating blade components.In this paper,a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established.Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions,the displacement variables of the plate are expressed.By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites,the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained.The effects of the speeds,braiding directions,and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion,respectively,are investigated.This paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions.It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of non-isotropic material plates in various applications.展开更多
This paper proposes an attitude control strategy for a flexible satellite equipped with an orthogonal cluster of three-dimensional(3D)magnetically suspended wheels(MSWs).The mathematical model for the satellite incorp...This paper proposes an attitude control strategy for a flexible satellite equipped with an orthogonal cluster of three-dimensional(3D)magnetically suspended wheels(MSWs).The mathematical model for the satellite incorporating flexible appendages and an orthogonal cluster of magnetically suspended reaction wheel actuators is initially developed.After that,an adaptive attitude controller is designed with a switching surface of variable structure,an adaptive law for estimating inertia matrix uncertainty,and a fuzzy disturbance observer for estimating disturbance torques.Additionally,a Moore-Penrose-based steering law is proposed to derive the tilt angle commands of the orthogonal configuration of the 3D MSW to follow the designed control signal.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma ...Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma pathobiology.Conventional cell culture-based research(2D cell culture)is still playing a pivotal role,while several shortcomings have been recently under discussion.In vivo,mouse models are usually adopted for pre-clinical analyses with expectations to overcome the issues of 2D cell culture.However,they do not fully recapitulate human dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DDLPS)characteristics.Therefore,three-dimensional(3D)culture systems have been the recent research focus in the cell biology field with the expectation to overcome at the same time the disadvantages of 2D cell culture and in vivo animal models and fill in the gap between them.Given the liposarcoma rarity,we believe that 3D cell culture techniques,including 3D cell cultures/co-cultures,and Patient-Derived tumor Organoids(PDOs),represent a promising approach to facilitate liposarcoma investigation and elucidate its molecular mechanisms and effective therapy development.In this review,we first provide a general overview of 3D cell cultures compared to 2D cell cultures.We then focus on one of the recent 3D cell culture applications,Patient-Derived Organoids(PDOs),summarizing and discussing several PDO methodologies.Finally,we discuss the current and future applications of PDOs to sarcoma,particularly in the field of liposarcoma.展开更多
The development of minimally invasive surgery has transformed the management of gastrointestinal cancer.Notably,three-dimensional visualization systems have increased surgical precision.This editorial discusses a rece...The development of minimally invasive surgery has transformed the management of gastrointestinal cancer.Notably,three-dimensional visualization systems have increased surgical precision.This editorial discusses a recent study by Shen and Zhang,which compared the clinical applications of naked-eye threedimensional laparoscopic systems vs traditional optical systems in radical surgery for gastric and colorectal cancer.Both systems appeared to yield comparable surgical and oncological outcomes in terms of safety parameters,operating times,and quality of lymph node dissection.However,the spectacle-free system’s technical and logistical limitations hindered its effects on the surgical team’s overall competency.This editorial examines the authors’findings within the broader context of the evolution of oncologic laparoscopy,discusses the relevance of the results in light of the current literature,and proposes future research directions focused on multicenter validation,comprehensive ergonomic analysis,and technological advancements aimed at enhancing intraoperative collaboration.As technology continues to evolve,clinical implementation of new methods must be supported by robust scientific evidence and standardized criteria,to ensure tangible improvements in efficiency,safety,and oncologic outcomes.展开更多
The Uludağ Range of northwest Türkiye forms a key tectonic boundary between the North Anatolian Fault Zone and the Western Anatolia Extensional Region, where active deformation is expressed across a network of st...The Uludağ Range of northwest Türkiye forms a key tectonic boundary between the North Anatolian Fault Zone and the Western Anatolia Extensional Region, where active deformation is expressed across a network of strike-slip and normal faults. To investigate how fault segmentation and kinematics control landscape evolution in this complex orogen, we integrate high-resolution morphometric analysis with paleoseismological data. We extracted key morphometric indices-including Δ-relief, Δ-elevation, Δ-gradient, Δχ, hypsometric integral, channel concavity(m/n), normalized channel steepness(ksn), and knickpoint distribution-from 10-meter DEMs using open-source geomorphic toolkits. Our results demonstrate pronounced spatial variability in geomorphic signatures and tectonic activity across four divide segments(DS). DS01, associated with the right-lateral Ulubat Fault, exhibits exceptional morphometric stability and minimal disequilibrium, in line with long earthquake recurrence intervals and low Holocene slip rates. In contrast, DS02 and DS03-bounded by the Bursa and Soğukpınar faults-display χ-based divide migration and subtle landscape adjustment. DS04, influenced by the İnegöl and Oylat faults, is characterized by elevated channel steepness, dense knickpoint clustering, and southward divide migration, collectively indicating ongoing uplift and transient drainage adjustment. The strong correspondence between morphometric disequilibrium and documented earthquake recurrence patterns highlights the critical value of integrating geomorphic and paleoseismological datasets. Our findings demonstrate that only through the convergence and cross-validation of multiple independent metrics can the segmented imprint of active deformation be reliably detected-particularly where landscape response is temporally offset from fault activity. The methodological framework developed here provides a robust template for quantifying active structures and their geomorphic consequences and can be widely applied to other tectonically complex mountain belts for seismic hazard assessment and landscape evolution studies.展开更多
The three-dimensional particle electrode system exhibits significant potential for application in the treatment of wastewater.Nonetheless,the advancement of effective granular electrodes characterized by elevated cata...The three-dimensional particle electrode system exhibits significant potential for application in the treatment of wastewater.Nonetheless,the advancement of effective granular electrodes characterized by elevated catalytic activity and minimal energy consumption continues to pose a significant challenge.In this research,Fluorine-doped copper-carbon(F/Cu-GAC)particle electrodes were effectively synthesized through an impregnationcalcination technique,utilizing granular activated carbon as the carrier and fluorinedoped modified copper oxides as the catalytic agents.The particle electrodes were subsequently utilized to promote the degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol(2,4,6-TCP)in a threedimensional electrocatalytic reactor(3DER).The F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes were polarized under the action of electric field,which promoted the heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction in which H2O2 generated by two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e-ORR)of O_(2) was catalytically decomposed to·OH.The 3DER equipped with F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes showed 100%removal of 2,4,6-TCP and 79.24%removal of TOC with a specific energy consumption(EC)of approximately 0.019 kWh/g·COD after 2 h of operation.The F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes exhibited an overpotential of 0.38 V and an electrochemically active surface area(ECSA)of 715 cm^(2),as determined through linear sweep voltammetry(LSV)and cyclic voltammetry(CV)assessments.These findings suggest a high level of electrocatalytic performance.Furthermore,the catalytic mechanism of the 3DER equipped with F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes was elucidated through the application of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),electron spin resonance(ESR),and active species capture experiments.This investigation offers a novel approach for the effective degradation of 2,4,6-TCP.展开更多
In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring t...In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring the scientific development trend and research hotspots in this field.The results show that the number of published documents shows a fluctuating upward trend,and the significant growth rate reflects the role of policy orientation in promoting the concept of compact city.The co-occurrence analysis of keywords reveals the research hotspots of“compact city”,“recreation space”and“urban park”,while the emergence of new keywords such as“vertical city”and“spatial justice”indicates the new trend of recent research.The cluster analysis and timeline map further show the evolution of research themes,with“compact city”being the largest cluster and having rich connections with other themes such as“urban design”and“urban park”.展开更多
This paper focuses on the utilization of quartz optical fibers as a foundational material for the miniaturizationand integration of various optical paths and components into a single fiber,aiming to construct function...This paper focuses on the utilization of quartz optical fibers as a foundational material for the miniaturizationand integration of various optical paths and components into a single fiber,aiming to construct functionalthree-dimensional optical devices.It outlines the fundamental concepts and methodologies involved in creating suchfiber-based integrated systems.Key technologies and implementation strategies for realizing three-dimensionaloptical devices are systematically reviewed.Furthermore,the paper elaborates on approaches to enhance the functionalityof these fiber devices through laser microprocessing and material integration techniques.These advancementsoffer compact and integrated solutions for applications in optical fiber communication and sensing.Finally,from the perspective of facilitating scientific experiments on the light-matter interaction,the infinite possibilities ofconstructing"lab on/in optical fiber"were prospected.From the perspective of health and medical applicationdemands,the clinical value and development potential of the new multifunctional optical fiber in the field of minimallyinvasive interventional surgery were explored.展开更多
文摘Analysis of 3D measurements of 13 landmarks on 72 Yuanmou Hominoid lower molars and some comparative samples, using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA), show that the 3D morphometric features of Yuanmou Homi noid lower molars largely resemble those of Lufengpithecus. Compared with extant great apes and humans, both Yuanmou Hominoid and Lufengpithecus differ markedly from humans, whereas they show much resemblance to apes. The two Chinese hominoids and extant great apes are different from humans in many of the same ways. Moreover, 3D morphometric features of Yuanmou Hominoid lower molars differ from those of each of the three extant great apes in similar ways. Of the three, the orangutan is the closest match to Yuanmou Hominoid in tooth morphology. However, the exact implications of these similarities and differences remain to be determined.
文摘AIM: To describe a three-dimensional model(3DM) to accurately reconstruct anatomic relationships of centrally located hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs).METHODS: From March 2013 to July 2014, reconstructions and visual simulations of centrally located HCCs were performed in 39 patients using a 3D subject-based computed tomography(CT) model with customdeveloped software. CT images were used for the 3D reconstruction of Couinaud's pedicles and hepatic veins, and the calculation of corresponding tumor territories and hepatic segments was performed using Yorktal DMIT software. The respective volume, surgical margin, and simulated virtual resection of tumors were also estimated by this model preoperatively. All patients were treated surgically and the results were retrospectively assessed. Clinical characteristics, imaging data, procedure variables, pathologic features, and postoperative data were recorded and compared to determine the reliability of the model.RESULTS: 3D reconstruction allowed stereoscopic identification of the spatial relationships between physiologic and pathologic structures, and offered quantifiable liver resection proposals based on individualized liver anatomy. The predicted values were consistent with the actual values for tumor mass volume(82.4 ± 109.1 m L vs 84.1 ± 108.9 m L, P = 0.910), surgical margin(10.1 ± 6.2 mm vs 9.1 ± 5.9 mm, P = 0.488), and maximum tumor diameter(4.61 ± 2.16 cm vs 4.53 ± 2.14 cm, P = 0.871). In addition,the number and extent of portal venous ramifications, as well as their relation to hepatic veins, were visualized. Preoperative planning based on simulated resection facilitated complete resection of large tumors located in the confluence of major vessels. And most of the predicted data were correlated with intraoperative findings.CONCLUSION: This 3DM provides quantitative morphometry of tumor masses and a stereo-relationship with adjacent structures, thus providing a promising technique for the management of centrally located HCCs.
文摘Under the strategic framework of rural revitalization and agricultural modernization, Xinjiashan Specialty Coffee Base, located in Zaotang Village, Lujiang Town, Longyang District, Baoshan City, has been proactively investigating innovative models for agricultural development. Through extensive communication and collaboration, this base has established close partnerships with research institutions including Kunming University of Science and Technology, Baoshan University, and Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with a commitment to thoroughly exploring the potential for resource recycling and ecological complementarity. An innovative four-in-one three-dimensional integrated planting system incorporating "coffee, bananas, green manure, and bees" has been implemented. Concurrently, technological and digital management strategies have been comprehensively integrated to improve planting efficiency. Under this model, the proportion of specialty coffee attains 71%, and the per-unit yield is 17% greater than that of the conventional planting model. This approach not only substantially enhances economic returns but also promotes the integrated development of ecological and social benefits, offering a valuable practical example and experiential reference for the specialty and sustainable advancement of the coffee industry in comparable regions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2022YFC2807400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12265003 and 12205044)。
文摘Aerial surveys are dynamic and continuous processes,and there are different height distributions of the ground in the measurement area,which leads to problems such as overlapping measurement areas and inaccurate altitude correction during the survey process.Commonly used terrain correction methods are based on the concept of finite elementization of ground surface radioactive sources,using GPS coordinates,radar altitude,and ground elevation distribution information from aerial surveys,combined with the sourceless efficiency calibration method to construct a response matrix,which is then inverted for surface nuclide content.However,most of the sourceless efficiency calibration methods used are numerical calculations that consider the body detector as a point detector and do not consider the changes in intrinsic detection efficiency under different incident directions of gamma rays.Therefore,when the altitude of the measurement area varies significantly or the flight altitude of the aerial survey is relatively low,such sourceless efficiency calibration method calculations tend to have a large bias,which affects the accuracy of the terrain correction.To address the above problems,this study employs a novel sourceless efficiency calibration method based on the Boolean operation of the ray deposition process and simplifies the traditional body source measurement model to a surface source measurement model to achieve fast and accurate efficiency calibration.Then,through the discretization of the measurement process,the static measurement process is superposed as equivalent to the dynamic measurement process,and the dynamic measurement response matrix is built and optimized based on the calibration method.Finally,the PSO-MLEM algorithm was used to solve the dynamic measurement response matrix to achieve dynamic terrain correction of aerial survey data.Analysis of the Baiyun'ebo test area revealed that,after applying dynamic terrain correction,the inverted anomalies in uranium(eU),thorium(eTh),and potassium(K)concentrations were closer to ground measurements(within 5.72%-30.79%)and exhibited clearer anomaly boundaries compared to traditional height-based corrections.However,owing to the inherent statistical fluctuations and characteristics of matrix inversion,higher measurement values tend to absorb lower ones,potentially enlarging the anomalous regions.Nevertheless,the highanomaly regions after inversion largely coincided with the ground truth validation,demonstrating that the proposed method can effectively correct airborne gamma spectrometry data.
基金Department of Petroleum Engineering and Earth Sciences,UPES,for supporting this researchR&D,UPES,for providing a PhD scholarship and contingency to support geological fieldworkDST-ANRF Grant no CRG/2023/000555 for partial financial support for this research.
文摘The transitional zone between the Sub-Himalaya and the Lesser Himalaya is delineated by the Main Boundary Thrust(MBT)to the north and the Himalayan Frontal Thrust(HFT)to the south.The MBT acts as a major topographic barrier that exerts significant control over longitudinal river valleys and sediment dispersal patterns.This region exhibits pronounced fluvial responses shaped by the interplay of tectonic activity and climatic processes.The present study addresses the need for detailed micro-scale morphometric analysis in this zone to better understand ongoing landscape deformation and neotectonic signatures.A multidisciplinary approach integrating geospatial morphometric techniques with field-based evidence has been employed to investigate terrain evolution.Quantitative morphometric assessments were conducted for 16 sub-basins within an active segment of the MBT,bounded by the Jakhan River to the east and the Giri River to the west.Dimensional changes driven by tectonic uplift and accelerated erosion/incision were evaluated using the hypsometric integral(HI),with most values falling below 0.50,indicating that the drainage basins are in an equilibrium stage.Basin shape(Bs)values range from 0.88 to 6.79,supporting the occurrence of accelerated erosional processes.The stream length gradient index(SL)exhibits values between 86 and 816,suggesting rapid uplift and incision.Similarly,computed values of the Chi(χ)coefficient(479-3706)and the steepness index(Ksn;63-214)reflect differential erosion and strong tectonic control on drainage network evolution.The spatial distribution of tectonic deformation was statistically evaluated using a correlation matrix based on the Relative Index of Active Tectonics(RIAT).The results reveal that approximately 50.33%and 16.25%of the study area fall into high and moderate activity zones,respectively,which is corroborated by historical earthquake records and geomorphic evidence.Neotectonic signatures are preserved in the landscape as river terraces,displaced or tilted strata,V-shaped valleys,river offsets,knickpoints,hanging valleys,and channel migration along the strike of the MBT.These findings underscore the significant role of neotectonics in landform evolution and offer valuable insights for geohazard assessment and mitigation strategies in the rapidly developing foothill regions of the Himalaya.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12172023)。
文摘According to the Mindlin plate theory and the first-order piston theory,this work obtains accurate closed-form eigensolutions for the flutter problem of three-dimensional(3D)rectangular laminated panels.The governing differential equations are derived by the Hamilton's variational principle,and then solved by the iterative Separation-of-Variable(i SOV)method,which are applicable to arbitrary combinations of homogeneous Boundary Conditions(BCs).However,only the simply-support,clamped and cantilever panels are considered in this work for the sake of clarity.With the closed-form eigensolutions,the flutter frequency,flutter mode and flutter boundary are presented,and the effect of shear deformation and aerodynamic damping on flutter frequencies is investigated.Besides,the relation between panel energy and the work of aerodynamic load is discussed.The numerical comparisons reveal the following.(A)The flutter eigenvalues obtained by the present method are accurate,validated by the Finite Element Method(FEM)and the Galerkin method.(B)When the span-chord ratio is larger than 3,simplifying a 3D panel to 2D(two-dimensional)panel is reasonable and the relative differences of the flutter points predicted by the two models are less than one percent.(C)The reciprocal relationship between the mechanical energy of the panel and the work done by aerodynamic load is verified by using the present flutter eigenvalues and modes,further indicating the high accuracy of the present solutions.(D)The coupling of shear deformation and aerodynamic damping prevents frequency coalescing.
文摘To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D leader-following cooperative interception guidance law.First,in the LOS direction of the leader,an impact time-controlled guidance law is derived based on the fixed-time stability theory,which enables the leader to complete the interception task at a prespecified impact time.Next,in the LOS direction of the followers,by introducing a time consensus tracking error function,a fixed-time consensus tracking guidance law is investigated to guarantee the consensus tracking convergence of the time-to-go.Then,in the direction normal to the LOS,by combining the designed global integral sliding mode surface and the second-order Sliding Mode Control(SMC)theory,an innovative 3D LOS-angle-constrained interception guidance law is developed,which eliminates the reaching phase in the traditional sliding mode guidance laws and effectively saves energy consumption.Moreover,it effectively suppresses the chattering phenomenon while avoiding the singularity issue,and compensates for unknown interference caused by target maneuvering online,making it convenient for practical engineering applications.Finally,theoretical proof analysis and multiple sets of numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness,superiority,and robustness of the investigated guidance law.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(42225107)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42001326,42371414,42171409,and 42271419)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(2022A1515012207)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Project of Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning(202201011539)。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)urban structures play a critical role in informing climate mitigation strategies aimed at the built environment and facilitating sustainable urban development.Regrettably,there exists a significant gap in detailed and consistent data on 3D building space structures with global coverage due to the challenges inherent in the data collection and model calibration processes.In this study,we constructed a global urban structure(GUS-3D)dataset,including building volume,height,and footprint information,at a 500 m spatial resolution using extensive satellite observation products and numerous reference building samples.Our analysis indicated that the total volume of buildings worldwide in2015 exceeded 1×10^(12)m^(3).Over the 1985 to 2015 period,we observed a slight increase in the magnitude of 3D building volume growth(i.e.,it increased from 166.02 km3 during the 1985–2000 period to 175.08km3 during the 2000–2015 period),while the expansion magnitudes of the two-dimensional(2D)building footprint(22.51×10^(3) vs 13.29×10^(3)km^(2))and urban extent(157×10^(3) vs 133.8×10^(3)km^(2))notably decreased.This trend highlights the significant increase in intensive vertical utilization of urban land.Furthermore,we identified significant heterogeneity in building space provision and inequality across cities worldwide.This inequality is particularly pronounced in many populous Asian cities,which has been overlooked in previous studies on economic inequality.The GUS-3D dataset shows great potential to deepen our understanding of the urban environment and creates new horizons for numerous 3D urban studies.
基金Supported by the 2022 Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Higher Education Institutions,No.2022sx031the 2023 Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Higher Education Institutions,No.2023jyxm1071.
文摘BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are necessary.However,due to differences in race and sex,people’s body shapes vary.According to European guidelines,the patch should measure 10 cm×15 cm.If any part of the MPO is dissected,injury to the nerves,vascular network,or organs may occur during surgery,thereby leading to inguinal discomfort,pain,and seroma formation after surgery.Therefore,accurate localization and measurement of the boundary of the MPO are crucial for selecting the optimal patch for inguinal hernia repair.AIM To compare the size of the MPO measured on three-dimensional multislice spiral computed tomography(CT)with that measured via laparoscopy and explore the relevant factors influencing the size of the MPO.METHODS Clinical data from 74 patients who underwent laparoscopic tension-free inguinal hernia repair at the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology between September 2022 and July 2024 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Transabdominal preperitoneal was performed.Sixty-four males and 10 females,with an average age of 58.30±12.32 years,were included.The clinical data of the patients were collected.The boundary of the MPO was measured on three-dimensional CT images before surgery and then again during transabdominal preperitoneal.All the preoperative and intraoperative data were analyzed via paired t-tests.A t-test was used for comparisons of age,body mass index,and sex between the groups.In the comparative analysis,a P value less than 0.05 indicated a significant difference.RESULTS The boundaries of the MPO on 3-dimensional CT images measured 7.05±0.47 cm and 6.27±0.61 cm,and the area of the MPO was 19.54±3.33 cm^(2).The boundaries of the MPO during surgery were 7.18±0.51 cm and 6.17±0.40 cm.The errors were not statistically significant.However,the intraoperative BD(the width of the MPO,P=0.024,P<0.05)and preoperative AC(the length of the MPO,P=0.045,P<0.05)significantly differed according to sex.The AC and BD measurements before and during surgery were not significantly different according to age,body mass index,hernia side or hernia type(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of this technology can aid in determining the most appropriate dissection range and patch size.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Southwest Petroleum University(No.2021JBGS03)the Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects Guided by the Central Government of China(No.2021ZYD0060)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22209143 and 52371241)Guangdong High-level Innovation Institute Project(Nos.2021B0909050001 and 2021CX02L365)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023B1515120095).
文摘The development of efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is of great significance for the practical application of water splitting in alkaline electrolytes.Transition metal sulfide electrocatalysts have been widely recognized as efficient catalysts for water splitting in alkaline media.In this work,an original and efficient synthesis strategy is proposed for the fabrication of asymmetric anode(N-(Co-Cu)S_(x))and cathode(N-CoS/Cu_(2)S).Impressively,these electrodes exhibit superior performance,benefiting from the construction of three-dimensional(3D)structures and the electronic structure adjustment caused by N-doping with increased active sites,improved mass/charge transport and enhanced evolution and release of gas bubbles.Hence,N-(Co-Cu)S_(x)anode exhibits excellent OER performance with only 217 mV overpotential at 10 mA·cm^(-2),while N-CoS/Cu_(2)S cathode possesses excellent HER performance with only 67 mV overpotential at 10 mA·cm^(-2).N-(Co-Cu)S_(x)||N-CoS/Cu_(2)S electrolyzer presents a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA·cm^(-2)toward overall water splitting,which is superior to most recently reported transition metal sulfide-based catalysts.
文摘An inventory of Rhynchophorus species was carried out to determine their diversity, biogeographical variability and morphometrics. A shotgun trapping method was used at nine sites in three districts over a four-month period, identifying three species: R. quadrangulus, R. phoenicis, R. ferrugineus and a probable variant of R. phoenicis. Of these species, R. phoenicis stands out as the most widespread palm weevil, while the probable variant of R. phoenicis is considered the rarest subspecies in the Maniema region. The color of the head and elytra is a criterion for distinguishing the different species of Rhynchophorus spp. Morphological criteria indicate that the probable subspecies of R. phoenicis is the largest palm weevil in the Maniema region and even globally. It is followed by R. quadrangulus and, by far, by R. phoenicis. The smallest palm weevil in Maniema is R. ferrugineus. Moreover, these criteria reveal that, for all three species identified, the female is generally larger than the male. This study has the merit of extending the distribution of R. ferrugineus from the Maghreb to the central East of the DRC, and highlighting a subspecies of R. phoenicis. Recognition of the sexes on the basis of the shape of the tip of the abdomen (oval in the male and flat in the female) is an additional contribution.
基金supported by grants from the Human Resources Development program (Grant No.20204010600250)the Training Program of CCUS for the Green Growth (Grant No.20214000000500)by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry,and Energy of the Korean Government (MOTIE).
文摘It is of great importance to obtain precise trace data,as traces are frequently the sole visible and measurable parameter in most outcrops.The manual recognition and detection of traces on high-resolution three-dimensional(3D)models are relatively straightforward but time-consuming.One potential solution to enhance this process is to use machine learning algorithms to detect the 3D traces.In this study,a unique pixel-wise texture mapper algorithm generates a dense point cloud representation of an outcrop with the precise resolution of the original textured 3D model.A virtual digital image rendering was then employed to capture virtual images of selected regions.This technique helps to overcome limitations caused by the surface morphology of the rock mass,such as restricted access,lighting conditions,and shading effects.After AI-powered trace detection on two-dimensional(2D)images,a 3D data structuring technique was applied to the selected trace pixels.In the 3D data structuring,the trace data were structured through 2D thinning,3D reprojection,clustering,segmentation,and segment linking.Finally,the linked segments were exported as 3D polylines,with each polyline in the output corresponding to a trace.The efficacy of the proposed method was assessed using a 3D model of a real-world case study,which was used to compare the results of artificial intelligence(AI)-aided and human intelligence trace detection.Rosette diagrams,which visualize the distribution of trace orientations,confirmed the high similarity between the automatically and manually generated trace maps.In conclusion,the proposed semi-automatic method was easy to use,fast,and accurate in detecting the dominant jointing system of the rock mass.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12372071 and 12372070)the Aeronautical Science Fund of China(No.2022Z055052001)the Foundation of China Scholarship Council(No.202306830079)。
文摘Currently,there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions,despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D)braided composites into rotating blade components.In this paper,a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established.Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions,the displacement variables of the plate are expressed.By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites,the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained.The effects of the speeds,braiding directions,and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion,respectively,are investigated.This paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions.It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of non-isotropic material plates in various applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.W2433004 and 12472015)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)(No.MCMS-I-0122K01).
文摘This paper proposes an attitude control strategy for a flexible satellite equipped with an orthogonal cluster of three-dimensional(3D)magnetically suspended wheels(MSWs).The mathematical model for the satellite incorporating flexible appendages and an orthogonal cluster of magnetically suspended reaction wheel actuators is initially developed.After that,an adaptive attitude controller is designed with a switching surface of variable structure,an adaptive law for estimating inertia matrix uncertainty,and a fuzzy disturbance observer for estimating disturbance torques.Additionally,a Moore-Penrose-based steering law is proposed to derive the tilt angle commands of the orthogonal configuration of the 3D MSW to follow the designed control signal.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
文摘Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma pathobiology.Conventional cell culture-based research(2D cell culture)is still playing a pivotal role,while several shortcomings have been recently under discussion.In vivo,mouse models are usually adopted for pre-clinical analyses with expectations to overcome the issues of 2D cell culture.However,they do not fully recapitulate human dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DDLPS)characteristics.Therefore,three-dimensional(3D)culture systems have been the recent research focus in the cell biology field with the expectation to overcome at the same time the disadvantages of 2D cell culture and in vivo animal models and fill in the gap between them.Given the liposarcoma rarity,we believe that 3D cell culture techniques,including 3D cell cultures/co-cultures,and Patient-Derived tumor Organoids(PDOs),represent a promising approach to facilitate liposarcoma investigation and elucidate its molecular mechanisms and effective therapy development.In this review,we first provide a general overview of 3D cell cultures compared to 2D cell cultures.We then focus on one of the recent 3D cell culture applications,Patient-Derived Organoids(PDOs),summarizing and discussing several PDO methodologies.Finally,we discuss the current and future applications of PDOs to sarcoma,particularly in the field of liposarcoma.
文摘The development of minimally invasive surgery has transformed the management of gastrointestinal cancer.Notably,three-dimensional visualization systems have increased surgical precision.This editorial discusses a recent study by Shen and Zhang,which compared the clinical applications of naked-eye threedimensional laparoscopic systems vs traditional optical systems in radical surgery for gastric and colorectal cancer.Both systems appeared to yield comparable surgical and oncological outcomes in terms of safety parameters,operating times,and quality of lymph node dissection.However,the spectacle-free system’s technical and logistical limitations hindered its effects on the surgical team’s overall competency.This editorial examines the authors’findings within the broader context of the evolution of oncologic laparoscopy,discusses the relevance of the results in light of the current literature,and proposes future research directions focused on multicenter validation,comprehensive ergonomic analysis,and technological advancements aimed at enhancing intraoperative collaboration.As technology continues to evolve,clinical implementation of new methods must be supported by robust scientific evidence and standardized criteria,to ensure tangible improvements in efficiency,safety,and oncologic outcomes.
基金supported by the Disaster and Emergency Management Authority of Türkiye(AFAD)under the project code UDAP-G-18-01。
文摘The Uludağ Range of northwest Türkiye forms a key tectonic boundary between the North Anatolian Fault Zone and the Western Anatolia Extensional Region, where active deformation is expressed across a network of strike-slip and normal faults. To investigate how fault segmentation and kinematics control landscape evolution in this complex orogen, we integrate high-resolution morphometric analysis with paleoseismological data. We extracted key morphometric indices-including Δ-relief, Δ-elevation, Δ-gradient, Δχ, hypsometric integral, channel concavity(m/n), normalized channel steepness(ksn), and knickpoint distribution-from 10-meter DEMs using open-source geomorphic toolkits. Our results demonstrate pronounced spatial variability in geomorphic signatures and tectonic activity across four divide segments(DS). DS01, associated with the right-lateral Ulubat Fault, exhibits exceptional morphometric stability and minimal disequilibrium, in line with long earthquake recurrence intervals and low Holocene slip rates. In contrast, DS02 and DS03-bounded by the Bursa and Soğukpınar faults-display χ-based divide migration and subtle landscape adjustment. DS04, influenced by the İnegöl and Oylat faults, is characterized by elevated channel steepness, dense knickpoint clustering, and southward divide migration, collectively indicating ongoing uplift and transient drainage adjustment. The strong correspondence between morphometric disequilibrium and documented earthquake recurrence patterns highlights the critical value of integrating geomorphic and paleoseismological datasets. Our findings demonstrate that only through the convergence and cross-validation of multiple independent metrics can the segmented imprint of active deformation be reliably detected-particularly where landscape response is temporally offset from fault activity. The methodological framework developed here provides a robust template for quantifying active structures and their geomorphic consequences and can be widely applied to other tectonically complex mountain belts for seismic hazard assessment and landscape evolution studies.
基金supported by Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(No.AA23073008)Hubei Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction(Wuhan University)(No.2023–05)Nanning Innovation and Entrepreneur Leading Talent Project(No.2021001).
文摘The three-dimensional particle electrode system exhibits significant potential for application in the treatment of wastewater.Nonetheless,the advancement of effective granular electrodes characterized by elevated catalytic activity and minimal energy consumption continues to pose a significant challenge.In this research,Fluorine-doped copper-carbon(F/Cu-GAC)particle electrodes were effectively synthesized through an impregnationcalcination technique,utilizing granular activated carbon as the carrier and fluorinedoped modified copper oxides as the catalytic agents.The particle electrodes were subsequently utilized to promote the degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol(2,4,6-TCP)in a threedimensional electrocatalytic reactor(3DER).The F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes were polarized under the action of electric field,which promoted the heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction in which H2O2 generated by two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e-ORR)of O_(2) was catalytically decomposed to·OH.The 3DER equipped with F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes showed 100%removal of 2,4,6-TCP and 79.24%removal of TOC with a specific energy consumption(EC)of approximately 0.019 kWh/g·COD after 2 h of operation.The F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes exhibited an overpotential of 0.38 V and an electrochemically active surface area(ECSA)of 715 cm^(2),as determined through linear sweep voltammetry(LSV)and cyclic voltammetry(CV)assessments.These findings suggest a high level of electrocatalytic performance.Furthermore,the catalytic mechanism of the 3DER equipped with F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes was elucidated through the application of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),electron spin resonance(ESR),and active species capture experiments.This investigation offers a novel approach for the effective degradation of 2,4,6-TCP.
基金Sponsored by the Project of Sichuan Landscape and Recreation Research Center(JGYQ2020037).
文摘In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring the scientific development trend and research hotspots in this field.The results show that the number of published documents shows a fluctuating upward trend,and the significant growth rate reflects the role of policy orientation in promoting the concept of compact city.The co-occurrence analysis of keywords reveals the research hotspots of“compact city”,“recreation space”and“urban park”,while the emergence of new keywords such as“vertical city”and“spatial justice”indicates the new trend of recent research.The cluster analysis and timeline map further show the evolution of research themes,with“compact city”being the largest cluster and having rich connections with other themes such as“urban design”and“urban park”.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20373,62305231)Natural Science Foundation of Top Talent of SZTU(GDRC202317).
文摘This paper focuses on the utilization of quartz optical fibers as a foundational material for the miniaturizationand integration of various optical paths and components into a single fiber,aiming to construct functionalthree-dimensional optical devices.It outlines the fundamental concepts and methodologies involved in creating suchfiber-based integrated systems.Key technologies and implementation strategies for realizing three-dimensionaloptical devices are systematically reviewed.Furthermore,the paper elaborates on approaches to enhance the functionalityof these fiber devices through laser microprocessing and material integration techniques.These advancementsoffer compact and integrated solutions for applications in optical fiber communication and sensing.Finally,from the perspective of facilitating scientific experiments on the light-matter interaction,the infinite possibilities ofconstructing"lab on/in optical fiber"were prospected.From the perspective of health and medical applicationdemands,the clinical value and development potential of the new multifunctional optical fiber in the field of minimallyinvasive interventional surgery were explored.
