To objectively obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the projectile fuze proximity explosion when projectile intersects the head of missile target, we propose a dynamic seven photoelectric detection screen test ...To objectively obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the projectile fuze proximity explosion when projectile intersects the head of missile target, we propose a dynamic seven photoelectric detection screen test method, which is made up of six plane detection screens and a flash photoelectric dynamic detection screen. The three-dimensional coordinates calculation model of the projectile proximity explosion position based on seven plane detection screens with dynamic characteristics is established.According to the relation of the dynamic seven photoelectric detection screen planes and the time values,the analytical function of the projectile proximity explosion position parameters under non-linear motion is derived. The projectile signal filtering method based on discrete wavelet transform is explored in this work. Additionally, the projectile signal recognition algorithm using an improved particle swarm is proposed. Based on the characteristics of the time duration and the signal peak error for the projectile passing through the detection screen, the signals attribution of the same projectile passing through six detection screens are analyzed for obtaining precise time values of the same projectile passing through the detection screens. On the basis of the projectile fuze proximity explosion test, the linear motion model and the proposed non-linear motion model are used to calculate and compare the same group of projectiles proximity explosion position parameters. The comparison of test results verifies that the proposed test method and calculation model in this work accurately obtain the actual projectile proximity explosion position parameters.展开更多
A new three-dimensional fundamental solution to the Stokes flow was proposed by transforming the solid harmonic functions in Lamb's solution into expressions in terms Of the oblate spheroidal coordinates. These fu...A new three-dimensional fundamental solution to the Stokes flow was proposed by transforming the solid harmonic functions in Lamb's solution into expressions in terms Of the oblate spheroidal coordinates. These fundamental solutions are advantageous in treating flows past an arbitrary number of arbitrarily positioned and oriented oblate spheroids. The least squares technique was adopted herein so that the convergence difficulties often encountered in solving three-dimensional problems were completely avoided. The examples demonstrate that present approach is highly accurate, consistently stable and computationally efficient. The oblate spheroid may be used to model a variety of particle shapes between a circular disk and a sphere. For the first time, the effect of various geometric factors on the forces and torques exerted on two oblate spheroids were systematically studied by using the proposed fundamental solutions. The generality of this approach was illustrated by two problems of three spheroids.展开更多
The title coordination polymer including two crystallographically independent Co2＋ ions is hydrothermally synthesized, in which the Co（1） 2＋ ion is four-coordinated by two carboxylate oxygen atoms from two differe...The title coordination polymer including two crystallographically independent Co2＋ ions is hydrothermally synthesized, in which the Co（1） 2＋ ion is four-coordinated by two carboxylate oxygen atoms from two different 5-（benzoic acid-4-yldiazenyl）isophthalate （byip3-） anions and two nitrogen atoms from two distinct 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl） benzene （bix） ligands displaying a tetrahedral geometry. The Co（2） 2＋ ion is six-coordinated by two water molecules at the apical positions, and two carboxylate oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms at the equatorial positions, affording a slightly distorted octahedron. Two Co（1）2＋ and two Co（2）2＋ ions are linked together by four byip3- anions forming a 44-membered motif and these motifs are further arranged into a three-dimensional framework through bix ligands along the a axis with a larger channel （ca. 22.70×11.01）. Each individual network interpenetrates with the other identical network in a parallel fashion to generate a 2-fold interpenetrating array with the {62.84}{63}2{64.82}2 topology.展开更多
A novel coordination polymer [Zn2（BTA）2（TDC）]n（HBTA = benzotriazole, H2TDC = thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid） has been synthesized by the reaction of zinc（Ⅱ）, H2TDC and HBTA. This compound is fully structural...A novel coordination polymer [Zn2（BTA）2（TDC）]n（HBTA = benzotriazole, H2TDC = thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid） has been synthesized by the reaction of zinc（Ⅱ）, H2TDC and HBTA. This compound is fully structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The bulk new materials were further identified by X-ray powder diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pbcn, with a = 9.8825（8）, b = 9.4047（8）, c = 20.5567（17） , V = 1910.6（3） -3, C（18）H（10）N6O4SZn2, Mr = 537.12, Dc = 1.867 g/cm-3, μ（MoK α） = 2.662 mm-（-1）, F（000） = 1072, Z = 4, S = 1.058, the final R = 0.0201 and w R = 0.0530 for 1700 observed reflections（I 2σ（I））. Its compositional stability and photoluminescence properties were further investigated to establish the structure-property relationships. Structural analysis reveals that this compound is a 3D（4, 4）-connected framework with the（6-6）（6-4·8-2） topology.展开更多
Two coordination polymers with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid（H2BDC） ligand, namely, [Tb3（BDC）（4.5）（H2O）（DMF）2]n （1） and [Tb2（BDC）3（H2O）2（DMF）2]n（2）, have been synthesized and characterized. Both com...Two coordination polymers with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid（H2BDC） ligand, namely, [Tb3（BDC）（4.5）（H2O）（DMF）2]n （1） and [Tb2（BDC）3（H2O）2（DMF）2]n（2）, have been synthesized and characterized. Both compounds crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P1. For compound 1, a = 10.8528（5）, b = 12.2516（5）, c = 16.9031（7） A, α = 104.462（1）, β = 93.659（1）, γ = 101.404（1）°, V = 2118.1（2） A^3, Z = 2, C（42）H（34）N2O（21）Tb3, Mr = 1379.47, Dc = 2.163 g/cm^3, μ = 5.045 mm^-1, F（000） = 1326, the final R = 0.0212 and wR = 0.0570 for 8592 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. For compound 2, a = 8.547（1）, b = 10.170（1）, c = 11.192（1）A？, α = 65.531（1）, β = 71.886（1）, γ = 78.796（1）°, V = 839.2（2） A^3, Z = 1, C（30）H（30）N2O（16）Tb2, Mr = 992.40, Dc = 1.964 g/cm^3, μ = 4.257 mm^-1, F（000） = 482, the final R = 0.0220 and wR = 0.0649 for 3626 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. The compounds exhibit different structural topologies depending on the nature of templating agents in the reactions though the templating agents are not incorporated in the final solids. Compound 1 exhibits a three-dimensional（3D） framework based on the rod-shaped terbium-carboxylate building blocks constructed from linear trinuclear Tb3 units. Compound 2 has a 3D framework containing two interpenetrating pcu topological networks based on the 6-connected dinuclear Tb2 secondary building units. Photoluminescence studies show both compounds exhibit typical Tb（Ⅲ） luminescence emissions. An efficient ligand-to-Tb（Ⅲ） energy transfer is observed in the emission spectra for both compounds.展开更多
A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Zn1.5（PDB）（bix）0.5（μ2-OH）]2n 1 （H2PDB = pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid, bix = 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl）-benzene） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structur...A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Zn1.5（PDB）（bix）0.5（μ2-OH）]2n 1 （H2PDB = pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid, bix = 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl）-benzene） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2/c with a = 7.411（2）, b = 7.848（3）, c = 25.048（8）, V = 1451.8（8）3, C28H22N6O10Zn3, Mr = 798.63, Dc = 1.827 g/cm3, μ（MoKα） = 2.529 mm-1, F（000） = 804, Z = 2, the final R = 0.0440 and wR = 0.1035 for 1952 observed reflections （I 2σ（I））. It exhibits a three-dimensional framework structure. Moreover, its luminescent property has been investigated in the solid state.展开更多
A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Ni2（NIPH）2（bimb）2.5（H2O）] n·3nH2O 1 （H2NIPH = 5-nitroisophthalic acid, bimb = 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-yl）-butane） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurall...A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Ni2（NIPH）2（bimb）2.5（H2O）] n·3nH2O 1 （H2NIPH = 5-nitroisophthalic acid, bimb = 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-yl）-butane） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title complex crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group P4（1）2（1）2 with a = 17.3533（16）, b = 17.3533（16）, c = 30.802（6）A, V= 9275（2）A^3, C41HagN12Ni2O16, Mr = 1083.34, Dc = 1.552 g/cm^3, p（MoKa） = 0.897 mm^-1, F（000） = 4504, Z = 8, the final R = 0.0383 and wR = 0.0952 for 7343 observed reflections （I〉 2σ（I））. It exhibits a three-dimensional network structure.展开更多
A new coordination polymer, [Zn2（m-bix）（p-bdc）2] （1）, was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions by a reaction of 1,3-bis（imidazol-l-ylmethyl）benzene （m-bix）, 1,3-benzene- dicarboxylic acid （H2p-bdc） an...A new coordination polymer, [Zn2（m-bix）（p-bdc）2] （1）, was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions by a reaction of 1,3-bis（imidazol-l-ylmethyl）benzene （m-bix）, 1,3-benzene- dicarboxylic acid （H2p-bdc） and Zn（NO3）2. The colorless block crystals of complex 1 （C30H22N408Zn2） belong to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 10.213（2）, b = 12.052（2）, c = 12.392（3） A, a = 82.97（3）, β = 76.04（3）, y = 78.02（3）°, V= 1443.8（5） A3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.604 g/cm3, Mr = 697.26, F（000） = 708, R = 0.0403 and wR = 0.0907 for 4886 observed reflections （1 〉 2σ（I））. In 1, the tetrahedral Zn11 cations are linked by [p-bdc]2- anions into 2D sql networks, which are further connected by bix ligands forming an interesting 2-fold 4,4-connected mog-type 3D network with a point symbol of {4·6^4·8}^2{4^2·6^2·8^2}. Complex 1 was characterized by elemental, IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractions and thermalgravimetric analysis. In addition, complex 1 exhibits coordination induced photoluminescent property.展开更多
Two three-dimensional lanthanide（Ⅲ） coordination polymers with the formula [Ln（PYDC）（NA）（H2O）]n [Ln=Gd（1）, Eu（2）, H2PYDC=pyridine-2,5-bicarboxylic acid, HNA=nicotinic acid] have been hydrothermally synthe...Two three-dimensional lanthanide（Ⅲ） coordination polymers with the formula [Ln（PYDC）（NA）（H2O）]n [Ln=Gd（1）, Eu（2）, H2PYDC=pyridine-2,5-bicarboxylic acid, HNA=nicotinic acid] have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The NA came from in situ decarboxylation of the part of PYDC. X-ray single crystal structural analyses reveal that complexes 1 and 2 are isomorphous, they possess the 43.63 topology assembled by Gd^3＋/Eu^3＋ and two different multidentate carboxylate ligands Magnetic measurements show that antiferromagnetic coupling exists between adjacent Gd^3＋ ions in complex 1. The complex 2 exhibits the corresponding characteristic luminescence in the visible region under an excitation at 305 nm.展开更多
A three-dimensional coordination polymer,[Ni（Hbyip2-）（bix）0.5（H2O）]n,has been hydrothermally synthesized.Each Ni2＋ ion is five-coordinated by three carboxylate O atoms from three different 5-（benzoic acid-4-yl...A three-dimensional coordination polymer,[Ni（Hbyip2-）（bix）0.5（H2O）]n,has been hydrothermally synthesized.Each Ni2＋ ion is five-coordinated by three carboxylate O atoms from three different 5-（benzoic acid-4-yldiazenyl）isophthalate（Hbyip2-） anions,one N atom from one 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl）benzene（bix） ligand and one O atom from an aqua ligand displaying a distorted square-pyramid.Each Ni atom is defined by three Hbyip2-anions and each Hbyip2-anion adopts a tris（mono-dentate） ligand coordinating to three Ni2＋ ions affording a 36-membered inorganic ring.These rings are further arranged into an undulated two-dimensional layer parallel to the（101） plane.Adjacent two-dimensional networks are linked by bix ligands into a three-dimensional {63,83}{63} framework with a large channel（ca.26.3 × 13.6） along the [100] direction.Each individual {63,83}{63} network interpenetrates with two others in a parallel fashion to generate a 3-fold interpenetrating network.展开更多
This study explores the quasi-real time inversion principle and precision estimation of three-dimensional coordinates of the epicenter, trigger time and magnitude of earthquakes with the aim to improve traditional met...This study explores the quasi-real time inversion principle and precision estimation of three-dimensional coordinates of the epicenter, trigger time and magnitude of earthquakes with the aim to improve traditional methods, which are flawed due to missing information or distortion in the seismograph records. The epicenter, trigger time and magnitude from the Lushan earthquake are inverted and analyzed based on high-frequency GNSS data. The inversion results achieved a high precision, which are consistent with the data published by the China Earthquake Administration. Moreover, it has been proven that the inversion method has good theoretical value and excellent application prospects.展开更多
A new 3D copper（Ⅱ） coordination polymer, {[Cu_2（tbip）_2（1,3,5-tib）]×2H_2O}n（1, H_2 tbip = 5-tert-butyl isophthalic acid, 1,3,5-tib = 1,3,5-tris（1-imidazolyl）benzene）, has been synthesized by hydrotherm...A new 3D copper（Ⅱ） coordination polymer, {[Cu_2（tbip）_2（1,3,5-tib）]×2H_2O}n（1, H_2 tbip = 5-tert-butyl isophthalic acid, 1,3,5-tib = 1,3,5-tris（1-imidazolyl）benzene）, has been synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of Cu（OAc）_2·4H_2O, H_2 tbip and 1,3,5-tib. It has been structurally characterized by element analysis, IR and magnetic measurement. X-ray single-crystal analysis was carried out for 1, which crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 7.822（3）, b = 15.854（6）, c = 17.553（6） ？, a = 113.033（4）, β = 90.694（4）, g = 101.006（4）°, V = 1957.3（12） ？~3, Z = 1, D_c = 1.493 g/cm^3, M_r = 1759.70, F（000） = 908, R = 0.0721 and w R = 0.1978 with I 〉 2s（I）. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that compound 1 exhibits 2D [Cu（tbip）] layers which are further pillared by 1,3,5-tib ancillary ligand with terminal tridentate coordination mode to generate the final 3D structure. Magnetic susceptibility data for 1 have been measured in the range of 2~300 K. There are antiferromagnetic interactions between copper ions of the compound.展开更多
A three-dimensional coordination polymer [Mn2（μ1.3-N3）4（μ-PP）2]n （PP = 3-（pyrazin-2-yloxy）-pyridine） has been synthesized with 3-（pyrazin-2-yloxy）-pyridine and azide anion as mixed bridge ligand, and its c...A three-dimensional coordination polymer [Mn2（μ1.3-N3）4（μ-PP）2]n （PP = 3-（pyrazin-2-yloxy）-pyridine） has been synthesized with 3-（pyrazin-2-yloxy）-pyridine and azide anion as mixed bridge ligand, and its crystal structure was determined by X-ray crystallography. The crystal data： triclinic system, space group P1, with a = 6.794（4）, b = 9.885（6）, c = 9.947（6） A, α = 64.170（6）, β= 84.190（8）, γ= 85.319（8）°, V = 597.7（6）A^3, Z = 1, C18H14Mn2N18O2, Mr = 624.35, Dc = 1.735 g/cm^3, F（000） = 314 and μ = 1.117 mm^-1. In the crystal, the azide anion acts as a bridge ligand and makes adjacent Mn（Ⅱ） ions connect into a two-dimensional sheet on the ab plane, then 3-（pyrazin-2-yloxy）-pyridine serves as a bidentate bridge ligand to connect neighboring sheets along展开更多
To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D lea...To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D leader-following cooperative interception guidance law.First,in the LOS direction of the leader,an impact time-controlled guidance law is derived based on the fixed-time stability theory,which enables the leader to complete the interception task at a prespecified impact time.Next,in the LOS direction of the followers,by introducing a time consensus tracking error function,a fixed-time consensus tracking guidance law is investigated to guarantee the consensus tracking convergence of the time-to-go.Then,in the direction normal to the LOS,by combining the designed global integral sliding mode surface and the second-order Sliding Mode Control(SMC)theory,an innovative 3D LOS-angle-constrained interception guidance law is developed,which eliminates the reaching phase in the traditional sliding mode guidance laws and effectively saves energy consumption.Moreover,it effectively suppresses the chattering phenomenon while avoiding the singularity issue,and compensates for unknown interference caused by target maneuvering online,making it convenient for practical engineering applications.Finally,theoretical proof analysis and multiple sets of numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness,superiority,and robustness of the investigated guidance law.展开更多
A novel Ni（II） coordination polymer [Ni（dtba）（4,4′-bpy）] （1, H2dtba = 2,2′-dithio- bisbenzoic acid, 4,4′-bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine） has been synthesized by H2dtba and Ni（CH3COO）2·4H2O with exo-bidentate...A novel Ni（II） coordination polymer [Ni（dtba）（4,4′-bpy）] （1, H2dtba = 2,2′-dithio- bisbenzoic acid, 4,4′-bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine） has been synthesized by H2dtba and Ni（CH3COO）2·4H2O with exo-bidentate rigid ligand 4,4′-bpy by using hydrothermal method, and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray crystal structure analysis reveals that complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group Cc with a = 11.7624（9）, b = 18.7933（19）, c = 10.3071（11）, β = 97.6510（10）°, V = 2258.2（4）3, Z = 4, C24H16N2NiO4S2, Mr = 519.22, Dc = 1.527 g/cm3, μ = 1.079 mm-1 and F（000） = 1064. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined to R = 0.0434 and wR = 0.1000 for 3281 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The coordination environment of Ni（II） is a distorted octahedron, and a three-dimensional structure was formed with the coordination effect of dtba2- and 4,4′-bpy ligands. The topological analysis reveals that the whole framework of 1 is a 2-nodal net of （52.6）（53.64.72.8） topology. The thermal stability and XRD pattern of 1 were also investigated展开更多
A cobalt coordination polymer, {[Co2（tdc）2（bimm）2]·（3 DMF）}n, was synthesized based on 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid（H2 tdc） and bis（imidazol-1-yl）methane（bimm） mixed ligands. The asymmetric unit of ...A cobalt coordination polymer, {[Co2（tdc）2（bimm）2]·（3 DMF）}n, was synthesized based on 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid（H2 tdc） and bis（imidazol-1-yl）methane（bimm） mixed ligands. The asymmetric unit of the complex contains two Co2＋） cations, two tdc2-dianions, two neutral bimm ligands, and three free DMF molecules. In the complex, deprotonated tdc2-dianions alternately bridge the adjacent Co2＋ cations to generate chains, which are further connected by the flexible bimm ligands to form a 3 D structure containing adamantanoid-like subunits. In topology, the structure of 1 represents a 4-connected uninodal two-fold interpenetrated dia（66） topology. Moreover, the solid UV-Vis absorption spectra of the complex have also been investigated.展开更多
Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma ...Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma pathobiology.Conventional cell culture-based research(2D cell culture)is still playing a pivotal role,while several shortcomings have been recently under discussion.In vivo,mouse models are usually adopted for pre-clinical analyses with expectations to overcome the issues of 2D cell culture.However,they do not fully recapitulate human dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DDLPS)characteristics.Therefore,three-dimensional(3D)culture systems have been the recent research focus in the cell biology field with the expectation to overcome at the same time the disadvantages of 2D cell culture and in vivo animal models and fill in the gap between them.Given the liposarcoma rarity,we believe that 3D cell culture techniques,including 3D cell cultures/co-cultures,and Patient-Derived tumor Organoids(PDOs),represent a promising approach to facilitate liposarcoma investigation and elucidate its molecular mechanisms and effective therapy development.In this review,we first provide a general overview of 3D cell cultures compared to 2D cell cultures.We then focus on one of the recent 3D cell culture applications,Patient-Derived Organoids(PDOs),summarizing and discussing several PDO methodologies.Finally,we discuss the current and future applications of PDOs to sarcoma,particularly in the field of liposarcoma.展开更多
The title Mn（Ⅱ） coordination polymer,poly{[heptaaqua-（μ4-bi-phenyl-3,3？,5,5？-tetracarboxylate）-bimanganese（Ⅱ）] pentahydrate},[Mn_2（bpta）（H_2O）_7]_n·5n H_2O（I）,is crystallized from a mixture of bi...The title Mn（Ⅱ） coordination polymer,poly{[heptaaqua-（μ4-bi-phenyl-3,3？,5,5？-tetracarboxylate）-bimanganese（Ⅱ）] pentahydrate},[Mn_2（bpta）（H_2O）_7]_n·5n H_2O（I）,is crystallized from a mixture of biphenyl-3,3？,5,5？-tetracarboxylic acid（H_4bpta） and MnCl_2·4H_2O in waterethanol under room temperature. Its asymmetric unit consists of one and two halves of crystallographically independent Mn（Ⅱ） cations,one fully deprotonated H4 bpta ligand,seven coordinated water molecules and five solvent water as vip molecules. In I,each Mn（Ⅱ） atom is octahedrally coordinated by six oxygen atoms from bpta^（4-） anions and coordinated water molecules. In the Mn（Ⅱ） cations,one half Mn（Ⅱ） ion of them located at a 2-fold axis generating a trinuclear [Mn_3（H_2O）_2（RCOO）_2] linker by μ1,1-O（water） and μ1,3-O,O？（carboxylate） bridges and another half Mn（Ⅱ） ion with an inversion is a mononuclear linker. These neighbouring trinuclear and mononuclear Mn（Ⅱ） cations are linked together by biphenyl-3,3？,5,5？-tetracarboxylates to form a three-dimensional framework with a（42.84） topology of a（4,4）-connected net,in which the positions of the trinuclear [Mn_3（H_2O）_2（R-COO）_2] linker as a 4-connector linking four bpta^（4-） ligands in I reproduce an eagle-shaped arrangement. The polymeric structure exhibits a water channel with an accessible void of 797.1 ？~3,amounting to 15.7% of the total unit-cell volume. Each of the cavities in the network is occupied by solvent water molecules.展开更多
The three-dimensional particle electrode system exhibits significant potential for application in the treatment of wastewater.Nonetheless,the advancement of effective granular electrodes characterized by elevated cata...The three-dimensional particle electrode system exhibits significant potential for application in the treatment of wastewater.Nonetheless,the advancement of effective granular electrodes characterized by elevated catalytic activity and minimal energy consumption continues to pose a significant challenge.In this research,Fluorine-doped copper-carbon(F/Cu-GAC)particle electrodes were effectively synthesized through an impregnationcalcination technique,utilizing granular activated carbon as the carrier and fluorinedoped modified copper oxides as the catalytic agents.The particle electrodes were subsequently utilized to promote the degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol(2,4,6-TCP)in a threedimensional electrocatalytic reactor(3DER).The F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes were polarized under the action of electric field,which promoted the heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction in which H2O2 generated by two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e-ORR)of O_(2) was catalytically decomposed to·OH.The 3DER equipped with F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes showed 100%removal of 2,4,6-TCP and 79.24%removal of TOC with a specific energy consumption(EC)of approximately 0.019 kWh/g·COD after 2 h of operation.The F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes exhibited an overpotential of 0.38 V and an electrochemically active surface area(ECSA)of 715 cm^(2),as determined through linear sweep voltammetry(LSV)and cyclic voltammetry(CV)assessments.These findings suggest a high level of electrocatalytic performance.Furthermore,the catalytic mechanism of the 3DER equipped with F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes was elucidated through the application of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),electron spin resonance(ESR),and active species capture experiments.This investigation offers a novel approach for the effective degradation of 2,4,6-TCP.展开更多
In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring t...In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring the scientific development trend and research hotspots in this field.The results show that the number of published documents shows a fluctuating upward trend,and the significant growth rate reflects the role of policy orientation in promoting the concept of compact city.The co-occurrence analysis of keywords reveals the research hotspots of“compact city”,“recreation space”and“urban park”,while the emergence of new keywords such as“vertical city”and“spatial justice”indicates the new trend of recent research.The cluster analysis and timeline map further show the evolution of research themes,with“compact city”being the largest cluster and having rich connections with other themes such as“urban design”and“urban park”.展开更多
基金supported by Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62073256, 61773305)the Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province (No.2020GY-125)Xi’an Science and Technology Innovation talent service enterprise project (No.2020KJRC0041)。
文摘To objectively obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the projectile fuze proximity explosion when projectile intersects the head of missile target, we propose a dynamic seven photoelectric detection screen test method, which is made up of six plane detection screens and a flash photoelectric dynamic detection screen. The three-dimensional coordinates calculation model of the projectile proximity explosion position based on seven plane detection screens with dynamic characteristics is established.According to the relation of the dynamic seven photoelectric detection screen planes and the time values,the analytical function of the projectile proximity explosion position parameters under non-linear motion is derived. The projectile signal filtering method based on discrete wavelet transform is explored in this work. Additionally, the projectile signal recognition algorithm using an improved particle swarm is proposed. Based on the characteristics of the time duration and the signal peak error for the projectile passing through the detection screen, the signals attribution of the same projectile passing through six detection screens are analyzed for obtaining precise time values of the same projectile passing through the detection screens. On the basis of the projectile fuze proximity explosion test, the linear motion model and the proposed non-linear motion model are used to calculate and compare the same group of projectiles proximity explosion position parameters. The comparison of test results verifies that the proposed test method and calculation model in this work accurately obtain the actual projectile proximity explosion position parameters.
文摘A new three-dimensional fundamental solution to the Stokes flow was proposed by transforming the solid harmonic functions in Lamb's solution into expressions in terms Of the oblate spheroidal coordinates. These fundamental solutions are advantageous in treating flows past an arbitrary number of arbitrarily positioned and oriented oblate spheroids. The least squares technique was adopted herein so that the convergence difficulties often encountered in solving three-dimensional problems were completely avoided. The examples demonstrate that present approach is highly accurate, consistently stable and computationally efficient. The oblate spheroid may be used to model a variety of particle shapes between a circular disk and a sphere. For the first time, the effect of various geometric factors on the forces and torques exerted on two oblate spheroids were systematically studied by using the proposed fundamental solutions. The generality of this approach was illustrated by two problems of three spheroids.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (No. 102300410021 and 102300410093)
文摘The title coordination polymer including two crystallographically independent Co2＋ ions is hydrothermally synthesized, in which the Co（1） 2＋ ion is four-coordinated by two carboxylate oxygen atoms from two different 5-（benzoic acid-4-yldiazenyl）isophthalate （byip3-） anions and two nitrogen atoms from two distinct 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl） benzene （bix） ligands displaying a tetrahedral geometry. The Co（2） 2＋ ion is six-coordinated by two water molecules at the apical positions, and two carboxylate oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms at the equatorial positions, affording a slightly distorted octahedron. Two Co（1）2＋ and two Co（2）2＋ ions are linked together by four byip3- anions forming a 44-membered motif and these motifs are further arranged into a three-dimensional framework through bix ligands along the a axis with a larger channel （ca. 22.70×11.01）. Each individual network interpenetrates with the other identical network in a parallel fashion to generate a 2-fold interpenetrating array with the {62.84}{63}2{64.82}2 topology.
基金Supported by the Science and technology development plan of Jilin province(20150520006JH)Science and technology research project of Education Department of Jilin province(2016219)
文摘A novel coordination polymer [Zn2（BTA）2（TDC）]n（HBTA = benzotriazole, H2TDC = thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid） has been synthesized by the reaction of zinc（Ⅱ）, H2TDC and HBTA. This compound is fully structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The bulk new materials were further identified by X-ray powder diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pbcn, with a = 9.8825（8）, b = 9.4047（8）, c = 20.5567（17） , V = 1910.6（3） -3, C（18）H（10）N6O4SZn2, Mr = 537.12, Dc = 1.867 g/cm-3, μ（MoK α） = 2.662 mm-（-1）, F（000） = 1072, Z = 4, S = 1.058, the final R = 0.0201 and w R = 0.0530 for 1700 observed reflections（I 2σ（I））. Its compositional stability and photoluminescence properties were further investigated to establish the structure-property relationships. Structural analysis reveals that this compound is a 3D（4, 4）-connected framework with the（6-6）（6-4·8-2） topology.
基金Supported by the NNSFC(21361011)the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi(20151BAB203002)+1 种基金the Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(GJJ14235)the Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule,Ministry of Education,Jiangxi Normal University(KLFS-KF-201412)
文摘Two coordination polymers with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid（H2BDC） ligand, namely, [Tb3（BDC）（4.5）（H2O）（DMF）2]n （1） and [Tb2（BDC）3（H2O）2（DMF）2]n（2）, have been synthesized and characterized. Both compounds crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P1. For compound 1, a = 10.8528（5）, b = 12.2516（5）, c = 16.9031（7） A, α = 104.462（1）, β = 93.659（1）, γ = 101.404（1）°, V = 2118.1（2） A^3, Z = 2, C（42）H（34）N2O（21）Tb3, Mr = 1379.47, Dc = 2.163 g/cm^3, μ = 5.045 mm^-1, F（000） = 1326, the final R = 0.0212 and wR = 0.0570 for 8592 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. For compound 2, a = 8.547（1）, b = 10.170（1）, c = 11.192（1）A？, α = 65.531（1）, β = 71.886（1）, γ = 78.796（1）°, V = 839.2（2） A^3, Z = 1, C（30）H（30）N2O（16）Tb2, Mr = 992.40, Dc = 1.964 g/cm^3, μ = 4.257 mm^-1, F（000） = 482, the final R = 0.0220 and wR = 0.0649 for 3626 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. The compounds exhibit different structural topologies depending on the nature of templating agents in the reactions though the templating agents are not incorporated in the final solids. Compound 1 exhibits a three-dimensional（3D） framework based on the rod-shaped terbium-carboxylate building blocks constructed from linear trinuclear Tb3 units. Compound 2 has a 3D framework containing two interpenetrating pcu topological networks based on the 6-connected dinuclear Tb2 secondary building units. Photoluminescence studies show both compounds exhibit typical Tb（Ⅲ） luminescence emissions. An efficient ligand-to-Tb（Ⅲ） energy transfer is observed in the emission spectra for both compounds.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Provincial Science&Technology Department(201205080)the Science and Technology Research Projects of the Education Department of Jilin Province(2012.358)
文摘A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Zn1.5（PDB）（bix）0.5（μ2-OH）]2n 1 （H2PDB = pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid, bix = 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl）-benzene） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2/c with a = 7.411（2）, b = 7.848（3）, c = 25.048（8）, V = 1451.8（8）3, C28H22N6O10Zn3, Mr = 798.63, Dc = 1.827 g/cm3, μ（MoKα） = 2.529 mm-1, F（000） = 804, Z = 2, the final R = 0.0440 and wR = 0.1035 for 1952 observed reflections （I 2σ（I））. It exhibits a three-dimensional framework structure. Moreover, its luminescent property has been investigated in the solid state.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Provincial Science & Technology Department (201205080)
文摘A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Ni2（NIPH）2（bimb）2.5（H2O）] n·3nH2O 1 （H2NIPH = 5-nitroisophthalic acid, bimb = 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-yl）-butane） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title complex crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group P4（1）2（1）2 with a = 17.3533（16）, b = 17.3533（16）, c = 30.802（6）A, V= 9275（2）A^3, C41HagN12Ni2O16, Mr = 1083.34, Dc = 1.552 g/cm^3, p（MoKa） = 0.897 mm^-1, F（000） = 4504, Z = 8, the final R = 0.0383 and wR = 0.0952 for 7343 observed reflections （I〉 2σ（I））. It exhibits a three-dimensional network structure.
基金Support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21371052)
文摘A new coordination polymer, [Zn2（m-bix）（p-bdc）2] （1）, was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions by a reaction of 1,3-bis（imidazol-l-ylmethyl）benzene （m-bix）, 1,3-benzene- dicarboxylic acid （H2p-bdc） and Zn（NO3）2. The colorless block crystals of complex 1 （C30H22N408Zn2） belong to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 10.213（2）, b = 12.052（2）, c = 12.392（3） A, a = 82.97（3）, β = 76.04（3）, y = 78.02（3）°, V= 1443.8（5） A3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.604 g/cm3, Mr = 697.26, F（000） = 708, R = 0.0403 and wR = 0.0907 for 4886 observed reflections （1 〉 2σ（I））. In 1, the tetrahedral Zn11 cations are linked by [p-bdc]2- anions into 2D sql networks, which are further connected by bix ligands forming an interesting 2-fold 4,4-connected mog-type 3D network with a point symbol of {4·6^4·8}^2{4^2·6^2·8^2}. Complex 1 was characterized by elemental, IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractions and thermalgravimetric analysis. In addition, complex 1 exhibits coordination induced photoluminescent property.
基金Supported by the Education Department Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2008581)the Doctor Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.20071016)+1 种基金SRF for ROCS,SEM(No.200908)Liaoning BaiQian Wan Talents Program
文摘Two three-dimensional lanthanide（Ⅲ） coordination polymers with the formula [Ln（PYDC）（NA）（H2O）]n [Ln=Gd（1）, Eu（2）, H2PYDC=pyridine-2,5-bicarboxylic acid, HNA=nicotinic acid] have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The NA came from in situ decarboxylation of the part of PYDC. X-ray single crystal structural analyses reveal that complexes 1 and 2 are isomorphous, they possess the 43.63 topology assembled by Gd^3＋/Eu^3＋ and two different multidentate carboxylate ligands Magnetic measurements show that antiferromagnetic coupling exists between adjacent Gd^3＋ ions in complex 1. The complex 2 exhibits the corresponding characteristic luminescence in the visible region under an excitation at 305 nm.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.092300410119 and 102300410093)
文摘A three-dimensional coordination polymer,[Ni（Hbyip2-）（bix）0.5（H2O）]n,has been hydrothermally synthesized.Each Ni2＋ ion is five-coordinated by three carboxylate O atoms from three different 5-（benzoic acid-4-yldiazenyl）isophthalate（Hbyip2-） anions,one N atom from one 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl）benzene（bix） ligand and one O atom from an aqua ligand displaying a distorted square-pyramid.Each Ni atom is defined by three Hbyip2-anions and each Hbyip2-anion adopts a tris（mono-dentate） ligand coordinating to three Ni2＋ ions affording a 36-membered inorganic ring.These rings are further arranged into an undulated two-dimensional layer parallel to the（101） plane.Adjacent two-dimensional networks are linked by bix ligands into a three-dimensional {63,83}{63} framework with a large channel（ca.26.3 × 13.6） along the [100] direction.Each individual {63,83}{63} network interpenetrates with two others in a parallel fashion to generate a 3-fold interpenetrating network.
基金National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.51574201Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection(Chengdu University of Technology)under Grant No.SKLGP2016K017+2 种基金Open Research Fund by Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Emergency Mapping&Disaster Reduction under Grant No.K2015B008The State Administration of Work Safety under Grant No.2014_3335Soft Science Research Projects in Sichuan Province under Grant No.2015zr0049
文摘This study explores the quasi-real time inversion principle and precision estimation of three-dimensional coordinates of the epicenter, trigger time and magnitude of earthquakes with the aim to improve traditional methods, which are flawed due to missing information or distortion in the seismograph records. The epicenter, trigger time and magnitude from the Lushan earthquake are inverted and analyzed based on high-frequency GNSS data. The inversion results achieved a high precision, which are consistent with the data published by the China Earthquake Administration. Moreover, it has been proven that the inversion method has good theoretical value and excellent application prospects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21271098 and 21371089)Science and Technology Research Key Project of the Education Department of Henan Province(No.14B150034)
文摘A new 3D copper（Ⅱ） coordination polymer, {[Cu_2（tbip）_2（1,3,5-tib）]×2H_2O}n（1, H_2 tbip = 5-tert-butyl isophthalic acid, 1,3,5-tib = 1,3,5-tris（1-imidazolyl）benzene）, has been synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of Cu（OAc）_2·4H_2O, H_2 tbip and 1,3,5-tib. It has been structurally characterized by element analysis, IR and magnetic measurement. X-ray single-crystal analysis was carried out for 1, which crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 7.822（3）, b = 15.854（6）, c = 17.553（6） ？, a = 113.033（4）, β = 90.694（4）, g = 101.006（4）°, V = 1957.3（12） ？~3, Z = 1, D_c = 1.493 g/cm^3, M_r = 1759.70, F（000） = 908, R = 0.0721 and w R = 0.1978 with I 〉 2s（I）. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that compound 1 exhibits 2D [Cu（tbip）] layers which are further pillared by 1,3,5-tib ancillary ligand with terminal tridentate coordination mode to generate the final 3D structure. Magnetic susceptibility data for 1 have been measured in the range of 2~300 K. There are antiferromagnetic interactions between copper ions of the compound.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20271043)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Y2007B26)
文摘A three-dimensional coordination polymer [Mn2（μ1.3-N3）4（μ-PP）2]n （PP = 3-（pyrazin-2-yloxy）-pyridine） has been synthesized with 3-（pyrazin-2-yloxy）-pyridine and azide anion as mixed bridge ligand, and its crystal structure was determined by X-ray crystallography. The crystal data： triclinic system, space group P1, with a = 6.794（4）, b = 9.885（6）, c = 9.947（6） A, α = 64.170（6）, β= 84.190（8）, γ= 85.319（8）°, V = 597.7（6）A^3, Z = 1, C18H14Mn2N18O2, Mr = 624.35, Dc = 1.735 g/cm^3, F（000） = 314 and μ = 1.117 mm^-1. In the crystal, the azide anion acts as a bridge ligand and makes adjacent Mn（Ⅱ） ions connect into a two-dimensional sheet on the ab plane, then 3-（pyrazin-2-yloxy）-pyridine serves as a bidentate bridge ligand to connect neighboring sheets along
文摘To address the problem of multi-missile cooperative interception against maneuvering targets at a prespecified impact time and desired Line-of-Sight(LOS)angles in ThreeDimensional(3D)space,this paper proposes a 3D leader-following cooperative interception guidance law.First,in the LOS direction of the leader,an impact time-controlled guidance law is derived based on the fixed-time stability theory,which enables the leader to complete the interception task at a prespecified impact time.Next,in the LOS direction of the followers,by introducing a time consensus tracking error function,a fixed-time consensus tracking guidance law is investigated to guarantee the consensus tracking convergence of the time-to-go.Then,in the direction normal to the LOS,by combining the designed global integral sliding mode surface and the second-order Sliding Mode Control(SMC)theory,an innovative 3D LOS-angle-constrained interception guidance law is developed,which eliminates the reaching phase in the traditional sliding mode guidance laws and effectively saves energy consumption.Moreover,it effectively suppresses the chattering phenomenon while avoiding the singularity issue,and compensates for unknown interference caused by target maneuvering online,making it convenient for practical engineering applications.Finally,theoretical proof analysis and multiple sets of numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness,superiority,and robustness of the investigated guidance law.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20771006, 20901004 and 20801025)
文摘A novel Ni（II） coordination polymer [Ni（dtba）（4,4′-bpy）] （1, H2dtba = 2,2′-dithio- bisbenzoic acid, 4,4′-bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine） has been synthesized by H2dtba and Ni（CH3COO）2·4H2O with exo-bidentate rigid ligand 4,4′-bpy by using hydrothermal method, and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray crystal structure analysis reveals that complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group Cc with a = 11.7624（9）, b = 18.7933（19）, c = 10.3071（11）, β = 97.6510（10）°, V = 2258.2（4）3, Z = 4, C24H16N2NiO4S2, Mr = 519.22, Dc = 1.527 g/cm3, μ = 1.079 mm-1 and F（000） = 1064. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined to R = 0.0434 and wR = 0.1000 for 3281 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The coordination environment of Ni（II） is a distorted octahedron, and a three-dimensional structure was formed with the coordination effect of dtba2- and 4,4′-bpy ligands. The topological analysis reveals that the whole framework of 1 is a 2-nodal net of （52.6）（53.64.72.8） topology. The thermal stability and XRD pattern of 1 were also investigated
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(172102310333)
文摘A cobalt coordination polymer, {[Co2（tdc）2（bimm）2]·（3 DMF）}n, was synthesized based on 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid（H2 tdc） and bis（imidazol-1-yl）methane（bimm） mixed ligands. The asymmetric unit of the complex contains two Co2＋） cations, two tdc2-dianions, two neutral bimm ligands, and three free DMF molecules. In the complex, deprotonated tdc2-dianions alternately bridge the adjacent Co2＋ cations to generate chains, which are further connected by the flexible bimm ligands to form a 3 D structure containing adamantanoid-like subunits. In topology, the structure of 1 represents a 4-connected uninodal two-fold interpenetrated dia（66） topology. Moreover, the solid UV-Vis absorption spectra of the complex have also been investigated.
文摘Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma pathobiology.Conventional cell culture-based research(2D cell culture)is still playing a pivotal role,while several shortcomings have been recently under discussion.In vivo,mouse models are usually adopted for pre-clinical analyses with expectations to overcome the issues of 2D cell culture.However,they do not fully recapitulate human dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DDLPS)characteristics.Therefore,three-dimensional(3D)culture systems have been the recent research focus in the cell biology field with the expectation to overcome at the same time the disadvantages of 2D cell culture and in vivo animal models and fill in the gap between them.Given the liposarcoma rarity,we believe that 3D cell culture techniques,including 3D cell cultures/co-cultures,and Patient-Derived tumor Organoids(PDOs),represent a promising approach to facilitate liposarcoma investigation and elucidate its molecular mechanisms and effective therapy development.In this review,we first provide a general overview of 3D cell cultures compared to 2D cell cultures.We then focus on one of the recent 3D cell culture applications,Patient-Derived Organoids(PDOs),summarizing and discussing several PDO methodologies.Finally,we discuss the current and future applications of PDOs to sarcoma,particularly in the field of liposarcoma.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21571118)
文摘The title Mn（Ⅱ） coordination polymer,poly{[heptaaqua-（μ4-bi-phenyl-3,3？,5,5？-tetracarboxylate）-bimanganese（Ⅱ）] pentahydrate},[Mn_2（bpta）（H_2O）_7]_n·5n H_2O（I）,is crystallized from a mixture of biphenyl-3,3？,5,5？-tetracarboxylic acid（H_4bpta） and MnCl_2·4H_2O in waterethanol under room temperature. Its asymmetric unit consists of one and two halves of crystallographically independent Mn（Ⅱ） cations,one fully deprotonated H4 bpta ligand,seven coordinated water molecules and five solvent water as vip molecules. In I,each Mn（Ⅱ） atom is octahedrally coordinated by six oxygen atoms from bpta^（4-） anions and coordinated water molecules. In the Mn（Ⅱ） cations,one half Mn（Ⅱ） ion of them located at a 2-fold axis generating a trinuclear [Mn_3（H_2O）_2（RCOO）_2] linker by μ1,1-O（water） and μ1,3-O,O？（carboxylate） bridges and another half Mn（Ⅱ） ion with an inversion is a mononuclear linker. These neighbouring trinuclear and mononuclear Mn（Ⅱ） cations are linked together by biphenyl-3,3？,5,5？-tetracarboxylates to form a three-dimensional framework with a（42.84） topology of a（4,4）-connected net,in which the positions of the trinuclear [Mn_3（H_2O）_2（R-COO）_2] linker as a 4-connector linking four bpta^（4-） ligands in I reproduce an eagle-shaped arrangement. The polymeric structure exhibits a water channel with an accessible void of 797.1 ？~3,amounting to 15.7% of the total unit-cell volume. Each of the cavities in the network is occupied by solvent water molecules.
基金supported by Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(No.AA23073008)Hubei Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction(Wuhan University)(No.2023–05)Nanning Innovation and Entrepreneur Leading Talent Project(No.2021001).
文摘The three-dimensional particle electrode system exhibits significant potential for application in the treatment of wastewater.Nonetheless,the advancement of effective granular electrodes characterized by elevated catalytic activity and minimal energy consumption continues to pose a significant challenge.In this research,Fluorine-doped copper-carbon(F/Cu-GAC)particle electrodes were effectively synthesized through an impregnationcalcination technique,utilizing granular activated carbon as the carrier and fluorinedoped modified copper oxides as the catalytic agents.The particle electrodes were subsequently utilized to promote the degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol(2,4,6-TCP)in a threedimensional electrocatalytic reactor(3DER).The F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes were polarized under the action of electric field,which promoted the heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction in which H2O2 generated by two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e-ORR)of O_(2) was catalytically decomposed to·OH.The 3DER equipped with F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes showed 100%removal of 2,4,6-TCP and 79.24%removal of TOC with a specific energy consumption(EC)of approximately 0.019 kWh/g·COD after 2 h of operation.The F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes exhibited an overpotential of 0.38 V and an electrochemically active surface area(ECSA)of 715 cm^(2),as determined through linear sweep voltammetry(LSV)and cyclic voltammetry(CV)assessments.These findings suggest a high level of electrocatalytic performance.Furthermore,the catalytic mechanism of the 3DER equipped with F/Cu-GAC particle electrodes was elucidated through the application of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),electron spin resonance(ESR),and active species capture experiments.This investigation offers a novel approach for the effective degradation of 2,4,6-TCP.
基金Sponsored by the Project of Sichuan Landscape and Recreation Research Center(JGYQ2020037).
文摘In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring the scientific development trend and research hotspots in this field.The results show that the number of published documents shows a fluctuating upward trend,and the significant growth rate reflects the role of policy orientation in promoting the concept of compact city.The co-occurrence analysis of keywords reveals the research hotspots of“compact city”,“recreation space”and“urban park”,while the emergence of new keywords such as“vertical city”and“spatial justice”indicates the new trend of recent research.The cluster analysis and timeline map further show the evolution of research themes,with“compact city”being the largest cluster and having rich connections with other themes such as“urban design”and“urban park”.
