To address the challenges of high energy consumption and prominent costs in the traditional three-columns distillation process for cellulosic fuel ethanol,a distillation–molecular sieve coupling separation process is...To address the challenges of high energy consumption and prominent costs in the traditional three-columns distillation process for cellulosic fuel ethanol,a distillation–molecular sieve coupling separation process is proposed.This process integrates a three-column(crude distillation column,first distillation column,second distillation column)system with a 3A molecular sieve adsorption deep dehydration unit.A thermal coupling network is constructed via differential pressure design(steam from medium/high-pressure columns as mutual heat sources,reboiler liquid waste heat for feed preheating),and molecular sieve adsorption conditions are optimized.The study first performs a thermodynamic consistency test on the ethanol–water system,determines optimal non-random two-liquid(NRTL)model binary interaction parameters via experimental data regression for Aspen Plus simulation.Aiming at minimum total annual cost(TAC),Aspen Plus is used to optimize process parameters(theoretical tray number,feed location,reflux ratio,side-draw position,etc.).Economic analysis shows this process reduces CO_(2) emission costs by 27.56%,TAC by 15.58%(to 5.123×10^(6) USD·a^(−1)),and increases ethanol purity to>99.6%,providing an effective solution for green,efficient separation.展开更多
Purpose:The most popular surgical approach to manage Lisfranc fracture-dislocations is the double-incision approach,which frequently causes a variety of complications,such as skin necrosis,rotational malreduction of t...Purpose:The most popular surgical approach to manage Lisfranc fracture-dislocations is the double-incision approach,which frequently causes a variety of complications,such as skin necrosis,rotational malreduction of the first tarsometatarsal joint(TMTJ)and lateral column dorsoplantar malreduction of the TMTJ.We introduce a three-incision approach to treat Lisfranc fracture-dislocations with only minor postoperative complications and good foot function.Methods:We prospectively selected 30 previously healthy patients,ranging from 18 to 60 years of age,but only 23 patients completed the follow-up and thus were finally included,with an average age of 38.1±12.9 years.All patients have sustained Lisfranc fracture-dislocations involving all three-column;13.0%(3/23)were Myerson classification type A(medial),47.8%(11/23)were type A(lateral),and 39.1%(9/23)were type C2.All patients were treated via a three-incision approach:a long incision made along the lateral border of the second ray was used as a working incision to visualize and reduce the first three TMTJs,as well as to apply internal fixation instrumentation;a 2 cm medial incision was made at the medial side of the first TMTJ as an inspecting incision,ensuring good reduction of the first TMTJ in medial and plantar view;another 1 cm inspecting incision was made at the dorsal side of the fourth/fifth TMTJ to prevent sagittal subluxation of the lateral column.Mean±SD was used for quantitative data such as operation time,follow-up time and foot function scores.Postoperative complications were documented,and foot function was evaluated using the American orthopaedic foot&ankle society score,foot function index and Maryland foot score at follow-up.The foot function of the injured foot and contralateral foot of the same patient was at the end of follow-up,and independent samplet-test was used for statistical analysis.Results:The median operation time was 117.9±14.6 min(range 93-142 min).All complications occurred within three months after the operation,and included delayed wound healing(17.4%),superficial infection(8.7%),complex regional pain syndrome(4.3%)and neuroma(4.3%).There was no case of postoperative skin necrosis or malreduction.At the end of follow-up of 14.1±1.2 months(range 12-16 months),the median American orthopaedic foot&ankle society score of the operated foot was 89.7±5.7,the median foot function index was 21.7±9.9,and the median Maryland foot score was 88.7±4.8.There were no significant differences between the operated and contralateral sides,in terms of foot function,at the end of followup(p>0.05).Conclusion:The three-incision approach can provide adequate visualization of all TMTJs to ensure anatomical reduction and offer sufficient working space to apply internal fixation instrumentation,which is effective in treating three-column Lisfranc fracture-dislocations with minor soft tissue complications and satisfactory functional recovery.展开更多
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2106300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42177400).
文摘To address the challenges of high energy consumption and prominent costs in the traditional three-columns distillation process for cellulosic fuel ethanol,a distillation–molecular sieve coupling separation process is proposed.This process integrates a three-column(crude distillation column,first distillation column,second distillation column)system with a 3A molecular sieve adsorption deep dehydration unit.A thermal coupling network is constructed via differential pressure design(steam from medium/high-pressure columns as mutual heat sources,reboiler liquid waste heat for feed preheating),and molecular sieve adsorption conditions are optimized.The study first performs a thermodynamic consistency test on the ethanol–water system,determines optimal non-random two-liquid(NRTL)model binary interaction parameters via experimental data regression for Aspen Plus simulation.Aiming at minimum total annual cost(TAC),Aspen Plus is used to optimize process parameters(theoretical tray number,feed location,reflux ratio,side-draw position,etc.).Economic analysis shows this process reduces CO_(2) emission costs by 27.56%,TAC by 15.58%(to 5.123×10^(6) USD·a^(−1)),and increases ethanol purity to>99.6%,providing an effective solution for green,efficient separation.
文摘Purpose:The most popular surgical approach to manage Lisfranc fracture-dislocations is the double-incision approach,which frequently causes a variety of complications,such as skin necrosis,rotational malreduction of the first tarsometatarsal joint(TMTJ)and lateral column dorsoplantar malreduction of the TMTJ.We introduce a three-incision approach to treat Lisfranc fracture-dislocations with only minor postoperative complications and good foot function.Methods:We prospectively selected 30 previously healthy patients,ranging from 18 to 60 years of age,but only 23 patients completed the follow-up and thus were finally included,with an average age of 38.1±12.9 years.All patients have sustained Lisfranc fracture-dislocations involving all three-column;13.0%(3/23)were Myerson classification type A(medial),47.8%(11/23)were type A(lateral),and 39.1%(9/23)were type C2.All patients were treated via a three-incision approach:a long incision made along the lateral border of the second ray was used as a working incision to visualize and reduce the first three TMTJs,as well as to apply internal fixation instrumentation;a 2 cm medial incision was made at the medial side of the first TMTJ as an inspecting incision,ensuring good reduction of the first TMTJ in medial and plantar view;another 1 cm inspecting incision was made at the dorsal side of the fourth/fifth TMTJ to prevent sagittal subluxation of the lateral column.Mean±SD was used for quantitative data such as operation time,follow-up time and foot function scores.Postoperative complications were documented,and foot function was evaluated using the American orthopaedic foot&ankle society score,foot function index and Maryland foot score at follow-up.The foot function of the injured foot and contralateral foot of the same patient was at the end of follow-up,and independent samplet-test was used for statistical analysis.Results:The median operation time was 117.9±14.6 min(range 93-142 min).All complications occurred within three months after the operation,and included delayed wound healing(17.4%),superficial infection(8.7%),complex regional pain syndrome(4.3%)and neuroma(4.3%).There was no case of postoperative skin necrosis or malreduction.At the end of follow-up of 14.1±1.2 months(range 12-16 months),the median American orthopaedic foot&ankle society score of the operated foot was 89.7±5.7,the median foot function index was 21.7±9.9,and the median Maryland foot score was 88.7±4.8.There were no significant differences between the operated and contralateral sides,in terms of foot function,at the end of followup(p>0.05).Conclusion:The three-incision approach can provide adequate visualization of all TMTJs to ensure anatomical reduction and offer sufficient working space to apply internal fixation instrumentation,which is effective in treating three-column Lisfranc fracture-dislocations with minor soft tissue complications and satisfactory functional recovery.
