We report a type-Ⅱ InAs/GaSb superlattice three-color infrared detector for mid-wave （MW）, long-wave （LW）, and very long-wave （VLW） detections. The detector structure consists of three contacts of NIPIN archite...We report a type-Ⅱ InAs/GaSb superlattice three-color infrared detector for mid-wave （MW）, long-wave （LW）, and very long-wave （VLW） detections. The detector structure consists of three contacts of NIPIN architecture for MW and LW detections, and hetero-junction NIP architecture for VLW detection. It is found that the spectral crosstalks can be significantly reduced by controlling the minority carriers transport via doping beryllium in the two active regions of NIPIN section. The crosstalk detection at MW, LW, and VLW signals are achieved by selecting the bias voltages on the device. At 77K, the cutoff wavelengths of the three-color detection are 5.3μm （at OmV）, 141μm （at 300mV） and 19μm （at -20mV） with the detectivities of 4.6xlO11 cm.Hzl/ZW-1, 2.3×10^10 cm.Hzl/2W-1, and 1.0×10^10cm.Hzl/2W-1 for MW, LW and VLW. The crosstalks of the MW channel, LW channel, and VLW channel are almost 0, 0.25, and 0.6, respectively.展开更多
We theoretically investigate high-order harmonic and attosecond pulse generation from helium atom in a three-color laser field, which is synthesized by 10 fs/800 nm Ti-sapphire laser and a two-color field consisting o...We theoretically investigate high-order harmonic and attosecond pulse generation from helium atom in a three-color laser field, which is synthesized by 10 fs/800 nm Ti-sapphire laser and a two-color field consisting of 30 fs/532 nm and 30 fs/1330 nm pulses. Compared with harmonic spectrum generated by a monochromatic field, the harmonics generated from the synthesized three-color field show a supercontinuum spectrum with a bandwidth of 235 eV, ranging from the 154th to the 306th order harmonic. This phenomenon can be attributed to the fact that the ionization of atoms as well as motion of ionized electron can be effectively controlled in the three-color field. Therefore, an isolated 46-as pulse can be generated by superposing supercontinuum from the 160th to the 210th order harmonics.展开更多
Background: The roll-out of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was certainly among the fastest in medical history. Vaccination campaigns around the world began a year after t...Background: The roll-out of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was certainly among the fastest in medical history. Vaccination campaigns around the world began a year after the outbreak in 2019. When Austria started vaccinating the population in 2020, we took the opportunity to collect data from the first sets of patients receiving the vaccine in our study region of East Tyrol. Purpose: Many studies have been conducted examining the immunogenicity of the new vaccines using classic serological test methods in combination with an IFN-γ ELISpot. Undeniable disadvantages of using IFN-γ to characterize the status of the cellular immunity are that 1) being an acute phase cytokine, IFN-γ loses signal strength in the long run and 2) IFN-γ does not provide information about the involvement of T helper 2 (Th2) cells in the immune process. This implies that it can affect false negative data about the cell-mediated immune status. Method: Therefore, in addition to a chemiluminescent immunoassay and the enzymatic IFN-γ ELISpot, this study included a fluorescent ELISpot assay using precoated human SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ/IL-2/IL-5 ELISpot kits to show a more holistic overview on the involvement of T helper 1 (Th1) cells as signal senders of IL-2 and Th2 cells as senders of IL-5. Results and Conclusion: Our study confirms good immunogenicity of Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 (Comirnaty) with strong Th1 and vanishingly small Th2 participation. The fluorescent three color iSpot can improve the diagnostic results’ significance for the individual, especially when the infection has been longer in the past and the IFN-γ signal diminishes.展开更多
Amplifying the attosecond pulse by the chirp pulse amplification method is impossible. Furthermore, the intensity of attosecond pulse is low in the interaction of laser pulse and underdense plasma. This motivates us t...Amplifying the attosecond pulse by the chirp pulse amplification method is impossible. Furthermore, the intensity of attosecond pulse is low in the interaction of laser pulse and underdense plasma. This motivates us to propose using a multi-color pulse to produce the high intense attosecond pulse. In the present study, the relativistic interaction of a three-color linearly-polarized laser-pulse with highly overdense plasma is studied. We show that the combination of ω1, ω2 and ω3 frequencies decreases the instance full width at half maximum reflected attosecond pulse train from the overdense plasma surface. Moreover, we show that the three-color pulse increases the intensity of generated harmonics, which is explained by the relativistic oscillating mirror model. The obtained results demonstrate that if the three-color laser pulse interacts with overdense plasma, it will enhance two orders of magnitude of intensity of ultra short attosecond pulses in comparison with monochromatic pulse.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2014CB643903,2013CB932904,2012CB932701 and 2011CB922201the National Special Funds for the Development of Major Research Equipment and Instruments of China under Grant No 2012YQ140005+7 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No XDB01010200the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation-funded Project under Grant No 2014M561029the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University under Grant No NCET-10-0066the National High-Technology Research and Development Program of China under Grant No 2013AA031502the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Harbin City under Grant No2011RFLXG006the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61274013,U1037602,61306013,51202046,and 61290303the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant Nos 2012M510144 and 2013T60366the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant Nos HIT.NSRIF.2013006 and HIT.BRETIII.201403
文摘We report a type-Ⅱ InAs/GaSb superlattice three-color infrared detector for mid-wave （MW）, long-wave （LW）, and very long-wave （VLW） detections. The detector structure consists of three contacts of NIPIN architecture for MW and LW detections, and hetero-junction NIP architecture for VLW detection. It is found that the spectral crosstalks can be significantly reduced by controlling the minority carriers transport via doping beryllium in the two active regions of NIPIN section. The crosstalk detection at MW, LW, and VLW signals are achieved by selecting the bias voltages on the device. At 77K, the cutoff wavelengths of the three-color detection are 5.3μm （at OmV）, 141μm （at 300mV） and 19μm （at -20mV） with the detectivities of 4.6xlO11 cm.Hzl/ZW-1, 2.3×10^10 cm.Hzl/2W-1, and 1.0×10^10cm.Hzl/2W-1 for MW, LW and VLW. The crosstalks of the MW channel, LW channel, and VLW channel are almost 0, 0.25, and 0.6, respectively.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB922200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11274141,11034003,and 11204020)+1 种基金the Research Foundation for Basic Research of Jilin Province,China(Grant Nos.20130101012JC and 20140101168JC)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20130061110021)
文摘We theoretically investigate high-order harmonic and attosecond pulse generation from helium atom in a three-color laser field, which is synthesized by 10 fs/800 nm Ti-sapphire laser and a two-color field consisting of 30 fs/532 nm and 30 fs/1330 nm pulses. Compared with harmonic spectrum generated by a monochromatic field, the harmonics generated from the synthesized three-color field show a supercontinuum spectrum with a bandwidth of 235 eV, ranging from the 154th to the 306th order harmonic. This phenomenon can be attributed to the fact that the ionization of atoms as well as motion of ionized electron can be effectively controlled in the three-color field. Therefore, an isolated 46-as pulse can be generated by superposing supercontinuum from the 160th to the 210th order harmonics.
文摘Background: The roll-out of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was certainly among the fastest in medical history. Vaccination campaigns around the world began a year after the outbreak in 2019. When Austria started vaccinating the population in 2020, we took the opportunity to collect data from the first sets of patients receiving the vaccine in our study region of East Tyrol. Purpose: Many studies have been conducted examining the immunogenicity of the new vaccines using classic serological test methods in combination with an IFN-γ ELISpot. Undeniable disadvantages of using IFN-γ to characterize the status of the cellular immunity are that 1) being an acute phase cytokine, IFN-γ loses signal strength in the long run and 2) IFN-γ does not provide information about the involvement of T helper 2 (Th2) cells in the immune process. This implies that it can affect false negative data about the cell-mediated immune status. Method: Therefore, in addition to a chemiluminescent immunoassay and the enzymatic IFN-γ ELISpot, this study included a fluorescent ELISpot assay using precoated human SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ/IL-2/IL-5 ELISpot kits to show a more holistic overview on the involvement of T helper 1 (Th1) cells as signal senders of IL-2 and Th2 cells as senders of IL-5. Results and Conclusion: Our study confirms good immunogenicity of Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 (Comirnaty) with strong Th1 and vanishingly small Th2 participation. The fluorescent three color iSpot can improve the diagnostic results’ significance for the individual, especially when the infection has been longer in the past and the IFN-γ signal diminishes.
文摘Amplifying the attosecond pulse by the chirp pulse amplification method is impossible. Furthermore, the intensity of attosecond pulse is low in the interaction of laser pulse and underdense plasma. This motivates us to propose using a multi-color pulse to produce the high intense attosecond pulse. In the present study, the relativistic interaction of a three-color linearly-polarized laser-pulse with highly overdense plasma is studied. We show that the combination of ω1, ω2 and ω3 frequencies decreases the instance full width at half maximum reflected attosecond pulse train from the overdense plasma surface. Moreover, we show that the three-color pulse increases the intensity of generated harmonics, which is explained by the relativistic oscillating mirror model. The obtained results demonstrate that if the three-color laser pulse interacts with overdense plasma, it will enhance two orders of magnitude of intensity of ultra short attosecond pulses in comparison with monochromatic pulse.
