Thermoelectric coolers utilizing the Peltier effect have dominated the field of solid-state cooling but their efficiency is hindered by material limitations.Alternative routes based on the Thomson and Nernst effects o...Thermoelectric coolers utilizing the Peltier effect have dominated the field of solid-state cooling but their efficiency is hindered by material limitations.Alternative routes based on the Thomson and Nernst effects offer new possibilities.Here,we present a comprehensive investigation of the thermoelectric properties of 1T-TiSe_(2),focusing on these effects around the charge density wave transition(≈200 K).The abrupt Fermi surface reconstruction associated with this transition leads to an exceptional peak in the Thomson coefficient of 450μVK^(-1) at 184 K,surpassing the Seebeck coefficient.Furthermore,1T-TiSe_(2) exhibits a remarkably broad temperature range(170-400 K)with a Thomson coefficient exceeding 190μV K^(-1),a characteristic highly desirable for the development of practical Thomson coolers with extended operational ranges.Additionally,the Nernst coefficient exhibits an unusual temperature dependence,increasing with temperature in the normal phase,which we attribute to bipolar conduction effects.The combination of solid-solid pure electronic phase transition to a semimetallic phase with bipolar transport is identified as responsible for the unusual Nernst trend and the unusually large Thomson coefficient over a broad temperature range.展开更多
This study investigates a strong magnetic field acting over an elastic rotator semiconductor medium.The Thomson effect due to the magnetic field during the photothermal transport process is studied,and the thermoelect...This study investigates a strong magnetic field acting over an elastic rotator semiconductor medium.The Thomson effect due to the magnetic field during the photothermal transport process is studied,and the thermoelectricity theory is used to explain the behavior of waves in the homogenous and isotropic medium under the effect of variable thermal conductivity.The variable thermal conductivity is considered as a linear function of the temperature.The two-dimensional deformation equations are used to describe the overlaps among plasma,electrical,thermal,and magneto-elastic waves.The charge density of inertia-particles is considered as a function of time for studying the induced electric current.The normal mode analysis is used to obtain the exact solutions of the physical field distributions as part of this phenomenon.To obtain the complete solutions of the physical field quantities,the certain mechanical loads,electromagnetic effects,thermal effects,and plasma recombination process are applied herein.The results of the physical distributions are graphically depicted and discussed in consideration of the internal heat source,rotation,and Peltier coefficient.展开更多
The present investigation deals with the 2-dimensional deformation in a homogeneous thermoelastic solid with voids subjected to inclined loads.The heat conduction equation is affected with the Thomson coefficient.The ...The present investigation deals with the 2-dimensional deformation in a homogeneous thermoelastic solid with voids subjected to inclined loads.The heat conduction equation is affected with the Thomson coefficient.The basic governing equations are modified by using Green-Naghdi theory of type-III.The normal mode analysis technique is used to obtain the components of stress,strain,temperature,induced magnetic field and change in volume fraction field.The variations of these quantities have been depicted graphically in the Green-Naghdi theories of type-II and III for an insulated boundary.From numerical calculations,the effect of Thomson parameter and angle of inclination on a homogeneous,isotropic,electro-magneto-thermoelastic material with voids is revealed and discussed.展开更多
In this paper,a one-dimensional thermodynamic model was developed to evaluate the device-level performance of thermoelectric cooler(TEC)with the Thomson effect,contact resistance,gap heat leakage,heat sink,and heat lo...In this paper,a one-dimensional thermodynamic model was developed to evaluate the device-level performance of thermoelectric cooler(TEC)with the Thomson effect,contact resistance,gap heat leakage,heat sink,and heat load taken into account.The model was generalized and simplified by introducing dimensionless parameters.Experimental measurements showed good agreement with analytical results.The parametric analysis indicated that the influence of the Thomson effect on cooling capacity continued to expand with increasing current,while the effect on COP hardly changed with current.Low thermal contact resistance was beneficial to obtain lower hot-junction temperature,which can even reduce 2 K compared with the electrical contact resistance in the case study.The gap heat leakage was a negative factor affecting the cooling performance.When the thermal resistance of the heat sink was small,the negative effect of heat leakage on performance would be further enlarged.The enhancement of heat load temperature would increase the cooling power of the TEC.For example,an increase of 5 K in heat load can increase the cooling capacity by about 4%.However,once the current exceeded the optimum value,the raising effect on the cooling power would be weakened.The research can provide an analytical approach for the designer to perform trade studies to optimize the TEC system.展开更多
As transparent electrodes,patterned silver nanowire(AgNW)networks suffer from noticeable pattern visibility,which is an unsettled issue for practical applications such as display.Here,we introduce a Gibbs-Thomson effe...As transparent electrodes,patterned silver nanowire(AgNW)networks suffer from noticeable pattern visibility,which is an unsettled issue for practical applications such as display.Here,we introduce a Gibbs-Thomson effect(GTE)-based patterning method to effectively reduce pattern visibility.Unlike conventional top-down and bottom-up strategies that rely on selective etching,removal,or deposition of AgNWs,our approach focuses on fragmenting nanowires primarily at the junctions through the GTE.This is realized by modifying AgNWs with a compound of diphenyliodonium nitrate and silver nitrate,which aggregates into nanoparticles at the junctions of AgNWs.These nanoparticles can boost the fragmentation of nanowires at the junctions under an ultralow temperature(75℃),allow pattern transfer through a photolithographic masking operation,and enhance plasmonic welding during UV exposure.The resultant patterned electrodes have trivial differences in transmittance(ΔT=1.4%)and haze(ΔH=0.3%)between conductive and insulative regions,with high-resolution patterning size down to 10μm.To demonstrate the practicality of this novel method,we constructed a highly transparent,optoelectrical interactive tactile e-skin using the patterned AgNW electrodes.展开更多
Collective Thomson scattering is theoretically investigated with the inclusion of the relativistic correction of （v/c）2. The correction is rather small for the plasma parameters inferred from the spectra of the ther...Collective Thomson scattering is theoretically investigated with the inclusion of the relativistic correction of （v/c）2. The correction is rather small for the plasma parameters inferred from the spectra of the thermal electron plasma waves in the plasma. Since the full formula of the corrected result is rather complicated, a simplified one is derived for practical use, which is shown to be in good agreement with the un-simplified one.展开更多
基金S.A.and M.Z.acknowledge support by NSF,grant number 2230352S.S.D.acknowledges support from the UVA Research Innovation AwardK.S.D.and D.L.work on TMDs has been supported by National Science Foundation Grant No.221949.
文摘Thermoelectric coolers utilizing the Peltier effect have dominated the field of solid-state cooling but their efficiency is hindered by material limitations.Alternative routes based on the Thomson and Nernst effects offer new possibilities.Here,we present a comprehensive investigation of the thermoelectric properties of 1T-TiSe_(2),focusing on these effects around the charge density wave transition(≈200 K).The abrupt Fermi surface reconstruction associated with this transition leads to an exceptional peak in the Thomson coefficient of 450μVK^(-1) at 184 K,surpassing the Seebeck coefficient.Furthermore,1T-TiSe_(2) exhibits a remarkably broad temperature range(170-400 K)with a Thomson coefficient exceeding 190μV K^(-1),a characteristic highly desirable for the development of practical Thomson coolers with extended operational ranges.Additionally,the Nernst coefficient exhibits an unusual temperature dependence,increasing with temperature in the normal phase,which we attribute to bipolar conduction effects.The combination of solid-solid pure electronic phase transition to a semimetallic phase with bipolar transport is identified as responsible for the unusual Nernst trend and the unusually large Thomson coefficient over a broad temperature range.
文摘This study investigates a strong magnetic field acting over an elastic rotator semiconductor medium.The Thomson effect due to the magnetic field during the photothermal transport process is studied,and the thermoelectricity theory is used to explain the behavior of waves in the homogenous and isotropic medium under the effect of variable thermal conductivity.The variable thermal conductivity is considered as a linear function of the temperature.The two-dimensional deformation equations are used to describe the overlaps among plasma,electrical,thermal,and magneto-elastic waves.The charge density of inertia-particles is considered as a function of time for studying the induced electric current.The normal mode analysis is used to obtain the exact solutions of the physical field distributions as part of this phenomenon.To obtain the complete solutions of the physical field quantities,the certain mechanical loads,electromagnetic effects,thermal effects,and plasma recombination process are applied herein.The results of the physical distributions are graphically depicted and discussed in consideration of the internal heat source,rotation,and Peltier coefficient.
文摘The present investigation deals with the 2-dimensional deformation in a homogeneous thermoelastic solid with voids subjected to inclined loads.The heat conduction equation is affected with the Thomson coefficient.The basic governing equations are modified by using Green-Naghdi theory of type-III.The normal mode analysis technique is used to obtain the components of stress,strain,temperature,induced magnetic field and change in volume fraction field.The variations of these quantities have been depicted graphically in the Green-Naghdi theories of type-II and III for an insulated boundary.From numerical calculations,the effect of Thomson parameter and angle of inclination on a homogeneous,isotropic,electro-magneto-thermoelastic material with voids is revealed and discussed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.52106032)the Science Challenge Program(Grant No.TZ2018003)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51778511)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2018CFA029)the Key Project of ESI Discipline Development of Wuhan University of Technology(WUT Grant No.2017001)。
文摘In this paper,a one-dimensional thermodynamic model was developed to evaluate the device-level performance of thermoelectric cooler(TEC)with the Thomson effect,contact resistance,gap heat leakage,heat sink,and heat load taken into account.The model was generalized and simplified by introducing dimensionless parameters.Experimental measurements showed good agreement with analytical results.The parametric analysis indicated that the influence of the Thomson effect on cooling capacity continued to expand with increasing current,while the effect on COP hardly changed with current.Low thermal contact resistance was beneficial to obtain lower hot-junction temperature,which can even reduce 2 K compared with the electrical contact resistance in the case study.The gap heat leakage was a negative factor affecting the cooling performance.When the thermal resistance of the heat sink was small,the negative effect of heat leakage on performance would be further enlarged.The enhancement of heat load temperature would increase the cooling power of the TEC.For example,an increase of 5 K in heat load can increase the cooling capacity by about 4%.However,once the current exceeded the optimum value,the raising effect on the cooling power would be weakened.The research can provide an analytical approach for the designer to perform trade studies to optimize the TEC system.
基金supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024A1515030155,2022A1515010272,2024A1515012609,2023A1515011459)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61904067,62475101,62175094,62275109)+2 种基金open funding from the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies(Sun Yat-Sen University,OEMT-2022-KF-08)National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program For Undergraduate(202410559004)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(11621405).
文摘As transparent electrodes,patterned silver nanowire(AgNW)networks suffer from noticeable pattern visibility,which is an unsettled issue for practical applications such as display.Here,we introduce a Gibbs-Thomson effect(GTE)-based patterning method to effectively reduce pattern visibility.Unlike conventional top-down and bottom-up strategies that rely on selective etching,removal,or deposition of AgNWs,our approach focuses on fragmenting nanowires primarily at the junctions through the GTE.This is realized by modifying AgNWs with a compound of diphenyliodonium nitrate and silver nitrate,which aggregates into nanoparticles at the junctions of AgNWs.These nanoparticles can boost the fragmentation of nanowires at the junctions under an ultralow temperature(75℃),allow pattern transfer through a photolithographic masking operation,and enhance plasmonic welding during UV exposure.The resultant patterned electrodes have trivial differences in transmittance(ΔT=1.4%)and haze(ΔH=0.3%)between conductive and insulative regions,with high-resolution patterning size down to 10μm.To demonstrate the practicality of this novel method,we constructed a highly transparent,optoelectrical interactive tactile e-skin using the patterned AgNW electrodes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10625523 and 11005112)the Innovative Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.KJCX2-YW-N36)
文摘Collective Thomson scattering is theoretically investigated with the inclusion of the relativistic correction of （v/c）2. The correction is rather small for the plasma parameters inferred from the spectra of the thermal electron plasma waves in the plasma. Since the full formula of the corrected result is rather complicated, a simplified one is derived for practical use, which is shown to be in good agreement with the un-simplified one.
