Gas foil bearing faces severe and complex thermal-fluid–solid coupling issues when in ultra-high speed and miniaturized impeller machineries.In this study,a Thermo-Elasto-Hydrodynamic(TEHD)analysis of a specific mult...Gas foil bearing faces severe and complex thermal-fluid–solid coupling issues when in ultra-high speed and miniaturized impeller machineries.In this study,a Thermo-Elasto-Hydrodynamic(TEHD)analysis of a specific multi-layer gas foil thrust bearing on the continuous loading process within a steady rotational speed is numerically investigated by a three-dimensional thermal-fluid–solid coupling method.Results indicate that the multi-layer foil exhibits nonlinear overall stiffness,with the thrust bottom foil serving as the primary elastic deformation structure,while the thrust top foil maintains a well-defined aerodynamic shape during a loading process,which helps reduce frictional damage and achieve an adequate loading capacity.For low loads,the fluctuation of the gas film is extremely sensitive,and it weakens dramatically as the load increases.The viscous heating and friction torque exhibit a linear relationship with an increasing bearing load after a rapid growth.Depending on the exact stacking sequence and contact position of the multi-layer gas foil,the overlapping configuration allows for efficient transfer of viscous-shearing heat accumulated at the smallest air film through thermal conduction while providing elastic support.Due to the strong inhomogeneity of the viscous heat under varying loads,the temperature distribution on the top foil surface shows pronounced variations,while the difference between the peak and average temperatures of the thrust plate and top foil surfaces widens substantially with an increasing load.展开更多
By taking a 2.3 MW double-fed asynchronous generator as an example,a new method for fast simulation analysis of ventilation cooling system inside generator is proposed based on the one-dimensional simulation software ...By taking a 2.3 MW double-fed asynchronous generator as an example,a new method for fast simulation analysis of ventilation cooling system inside generator is proposed based on the one-dimensional simulation software FLOWMASTER.The thermal-fluid coupling simulation model of ventilation cooling system inside generator is established.Under the stable running state of the generator,the flow velocity distribution and temperature rise of the key parts of the generator are analyzed.The results prove that the ventilation structure design of the generator meets the temperature rise limit.The simulation results are compared with the theoretical calculation results and the experimental results,which verify the correctness of the thermal-fluid coupling simulation method proposed in this paper.展开更多
Modeling and simulation of thermal-fluid systems are very important in industrial numerical simulation and play key roles in their design and control. In this paper, the modeling and simplification method of one-dimen...Modeling and simulation of thermal-fluid systems are very important in industrial numerical simulation and play key roles in their design and control. In this paper, the modeling and simplification method of one-dimensional thermal-fluid network with variable-property are presented, including matrix representation of the network, simplification algorithm for series/parallel connection based on matrix operation and generation of flow equations based on system topology. This simplification is suitable for the simulation of thermal-fluid systems with arbitrary topological structure. The method to treat reflux during iteration is proposed. The outstanding features of the simplification algorithm are the significant reduction in the thermal-fluid network and therefore the number of the related governing equations, as well as the computation burden. The example in this paper shows that the number of the governing equations for flow is reduced by about 45% and the calculation time of flow calculation is reduced by an average of 32% after the simplification.展开更多
长兴陨石于1964年10月17日降落在上海市长兴岛。本文利用上海天文馆馆藏的第一手样品,在重新界定其分类的基础上,研究了长兴陨石经历的热变质和流体交代作用,并探讨了其中富铝球粒(简称ARC)的成因。长兴陨石是一块H5型普通球粒陨石,金...长兴陨石于1964年10月17日降落在上海市长兴岛。本文利用上海天文馆馆藏的第一手样品,在重新界定其分类的基础上,研究了长兴陨石经历的热变质和流体交代作用,并探讨了其中富铝球粒(简称ARC)的成因。长兴陨石是一块H5型普通球粒陨石,金属相丰度高达15.1vol%,橄榄石和辉石的成分均一(Fa_(17.9±0.6),Fs_(16.1±0.8),相对平均偏差PMD<5%),基质经历了明显重结晶。长兴陨石的热变质过程伴随着流体交代作用,导致了斜长石的钠长石化、球粒中微孔结构和氧化物微晶的形成、以及氯磷灰石的形成等。与前人的报道不同,长兴陨石中斜长石的成分并不均一(An_(72-9)),说明H群母体上流体交代反应的条件很可能与L和LL群母体并无显著差异。长兴陨石中共发现12个富铝球粒,平均全岩Al_(2)O_(3)含量为14.8%,平均直径(0.30±0.17mm)与富镁铁质球粒(简称FMC,0.41±0.16mm)接近;全岩SiO_(2)、FeO和CaO含量与普通球粒陨石的II型FMC相似,Ca/Al质量比(0.18~0.58)低于宇宙值(1.10;Ahrens and Von Michaelis,1968)。ARC中橄榄石、辉石的TiO_(2)和Al_(2)O_(3)含量以及斜长石的An指数均明显高于FMC。岩相学、矿物学和全岩化学结果表明长兴陨石中的ARC形成于与FMC相似的高温过程,同一类型球粒陨石中的ARC和FMC很可能形成于原行星盘中的相同或相近区域。ARC的前体物质相对于FMC富集Al、Ti等难熔元素可能是太阳星云中气-固交换反应的结果。展开更多
基金the financial supports provided by the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BK20200448)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2020TQ0143)。
文摘Gas foil bearing faces severe and complex thermal-fluid–solid coupling issues when in ultra-high speed and miniaturized impeller machineries.In this study,a Thermo-Elasto-Hydrodynamic(TEHD)analysis of a specific multi-layer gas foil thrust bearing on the continuous loading process within a steady rotational speed is numerically investigated by a three-dimensional thermal-fluid–solid coupling method.Results indicate that the multi-layer foil exhibits nonlinear overall stiffness,with the thrust bottom foil serving as the primary elastic deformation structure,while the thrust top foil maintains a well-defined aerodynamic shape during a loading process,which helps reduce frictional damage and achieve an adequate loading capacity.For low loads,the fluctuation of the gas film is extremely sensitive,and it weakens dramatically as the load increases.The viscous heating and friction torque exhibit a linear relationship with an increasing bearing load after a rapid growth.Depending on the exact stacking sequence and contact position of the multi-layer gas foil,the overlapping configuration allows for efficient transfer of viscous-shearing heat accumulated at the smallest air film through thermal conduction while providing elastic support.Due to the strong inhomogeneity of the viscous heat under varying loads,the temperature distribution on the top foil surface shows pronounced variations,while the difference between the peak and average temperatures of the thrust plate and top foil surfaces widens substantially with an increasing load.
文摘By taking a 2.3 MW double-fed asynchronous generator as an example,a new method for fast simulation analysis of ventilation cooling system inside generator is proposed based on the one-dimensional simulation software FLOWMASTER.The thermal-fluid coupling simulation model of ventilation cooling system inside generator is established.Under the stable running state of the generator,the flow velocity distribution and temperature rise of the key parts of the generator are analyzed.The results prove that the ventilation structure design of the generator meets the temperature rise limit.The simulation results are compared with the theoretical calculation results and the experimental results,which verify the correctness of the thermal-fluid coupling simulation method proposed in this paper.
文摘Modeling and simulation of thermal-fluid systems are very important in industrial numerical simulation and play key roles in their design and control. In this paper, the modeling and simplification method of one-dimensional thermal-fluid network with variable-property are presented, including matrix representation of the network, simplification algorithm for series/parallel connection based on matrix operation and generation of flow equations based on system topology. This simplification is suitable for the simulation of thermal-fluid systems with arbitrary topological structure. The method to treat reflux during iteration is proposed. The outstanding features of the simplification algorithm are the significant reduction in the thermal-fluid network and therefore the number of the related governing equations, as well as the computation burden. The example in this paper shows that the number of the governing equations for flow is reduced by about 45% and the calculation time of flow calculation is reduced by an average of 32% after the simplification.
基金ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China （Nos.11161002 and 41001320）, Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi province （No.20114BAB201016）. Thanks for the useful advices of the editors and the reviewers.
文摘长兴陨石于1964年10月17日降落在上海市长兴岛。本文利用上海天文馆馆藏的第一手样品,在重新界定其分类的基础上,研究了长兴陨石经历的热变质和流体交代作用,并探讨了其中富铝球粒(简称ARC)的成因。长兴陨石是一块H5型普通球粒陨石,金属相丰度高达15.1vol%,橄榄石和辉石的成分均一(Fa_(17.9±0.6),Fs_(16.1±0.8),相对平均偏差PMD<5%),基质经历了明显重结晶。长兴陨石的热变质过程伴随着流体交代作用,导致了斜长石的钠长石化、球粒中微孔结构和氧化物微晶的形成、以及氯磷灰石的形成等。与前人的报道不同,长兴陨石中斜长石的成分并不均一(An_(72-9)),说明H群母体上流体交代反应的条件很可能与L和LL群母体并无显著差异。长兴陨石中共发现12个富铝球粒,平均全岩Al_(2)O_(3)含量为14.8%,平均直径(0.30±0.17mm)与富镁铁质球粒(简称FMC,0.41±0.16mm)接近;全岩SiO_(2)、FeO和CaO含量与普通球粒陨石的II型FMC相似,Ca/Al质量比(0.18~0.58)低于宇宙值(1.10;Ahrens and Von Michaelis,1968)。ARC中橄榄石、辉石的TiO_(2)和Al_(2)O_(3)含量以及斜长石的An指数均明显高于FMC。岩相学、矿物学和全岩化学结果表明长兴陨石中的ARC形成于与FMC相似的高温过程,同一类型球粒陨石中的ARC和FMC很可能形成于原行星盘中的相同或相近区域。ARC的前体物质相对于FMC富集Al、Ti等难熔元素可能是太阳星云中气-固交换反应的结果。
