Construction of LNG receiving terminals The scale of receiving terminals is expanding rapidly At the end of 1999,the state approved the Guangdong LNG Pilot Project,which opened the prelude to the construction of LNG r...Construction of LNG receiving terminals The scale of receiving terminals is expanding rapidly At the end of 1999,the state approved the Guangdong LNG Pilot Project,which opened the prelude to the construction of LNG receiving terminals.In 2006,China's first LNG receiving terminal,namely Dapeng LNG Receiving Terminal in Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,was put into operation,marking the beginning of the use of overseas natural gas in China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children ...BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children with enterostomies.METHODS One hundred twenty children with enterostomies and their caregivers in a children's hospital in Beijing were divided into a control group and a study group.The control group(60 cases)received traditional telephone follow-up for continuity of care,while the study group(60 cases)used a visualization mobile terminal-based care model.The incidence of stoma-related complications,caregiver burden scale,and competence scores of children with stoma were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The primary caregiver burden score in the study group(37.22±3.17)was significantly lower than that in the control group(80.00±4.47),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Additionally,the caregiving ability score of the study group(172.08±3.49)was significantly higher than that of the control group(117.55±4.28;P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the study group(11.7%,7/60)was significantly lower compared to the control group(33.3%,20/60;χ2=8.086,P=0.004).CONCLUSION The visual mobile terminal-based care model reduces caregiver burden,improves home care ability,lowers the incidence of complications and readmission rates,and supports successful second-stage reduction surgery for children with enterostomies.展开更多
Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene g...Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic nerves.We have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor recovery.Furthermore,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target muscles.In this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic nerve.Young adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of PEG.Compound action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury site.The success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days postoperatively.At 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase.PEG-fusion repair reestablished axonal continuity.Compared to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal areas.Unexpectedly,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repair.This central reorganization may contribute to the improved behavioral recovery seen after PEG-fusion repair,supporting the use of this novel repair methodology over currently available treatments.展开更多
Carotenoids are the largest group of natural pigments responsible for the yellow,orange,and red colors in plant kernels,fruits,and leaves(Gupta and Hirschberg,2021).In plants,carotenoids are involved in manybiological...Carotenoids are the largest group of natural pigments responsible for the yellow,orange,and red colors in plant kernels,fruits,and leaves(Gupta and Hirschberg,2021).In plants,carotenoids are involved in manybiological processes,such as acting as accessory light-harvesting pigments in photosynthesis,participating in photoprotection,and serving as precursors for the hormones abscisic acid(ABA)and strigolactones(Ruiz-Sola and Rodriguez-Concepcion,2012).展开更多
Benzotriazole(BTA)-based A_(2)-A_1-D-A_1-A_(2)type wide-bandgap(WBG)non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have shown promising potential in indoor photovoltaic,and in-depth investigation of their structure-property relationshi...Benzotriazole(BTA)-based A_(2)-A_1-D-A_1-A_(2)type wide-bandgap(WBG)non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have shown promising potential in indoor photovoltaic,and in-depth investigation of their structure-property relationship is of great significance.Herein,we explored the chlorination effect of the side chain on the terminals.We introduced Cl atoms into the benzyl side chains in parent BTA5 to synthesize two NFAs,BTA5-Cl with mono-chlorinated benzyl groups and BTA5-2Cl containing bi-chlorinated benzyl groups.We chose D18-Cl with deep-energy levels and strong crystallinity to pair with these three acceptors,affording high photovoltage and photocurrent.With the stepwise chlorination,the open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))values decrease from 1.28,1.22,to 1.20 V,while the corresponding power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)improve from 5.07%,9.15%,to 10.96%.Compared with BTA5-based OSCs,introducing Cl atoms downshifts the energy levels and slightly increases the non-radiative energy loss(0.14<0.17<0.19 e V),resulting in a sequential decrease in VO C.However,more chlorine atom replacements produce more effective exciton dissociation,higher charge transfer,and balanced carrier mobility in the blend films,ultimately achieving better PCEs.This work indicates that chlorination of the benzyl group on the terminals can improve the device's performance,implying good application potential in indoor photovoltaics.展开更多
By comparing price plans offered by several retail energy firms,end users with smart meters and controllers may optimize their energy use cost portfolios,due to the growth of deregulated retail power markets.To help s...By comparing price plans offered by several retail energy firms,end users with smart meters and controllers may optimize their energy use cost portfolios,due to the growth of deregulated retail power markets.To help smart grid end-users decrease power payment and usage unhappiness,this article suggests a decision system based on reinforcement learning to aid with electricity price plan selection.An enhanced state-based Markov decision process(MDP)without transition probabilities simulates the decision issue.A Kernel approximate-integrated batch Q-learning approach is used to tackle the given issue.Several adjustments to the sampling and data representation are made to increase the computational and prediction performance.Using a continuous high-dimensional state space,the suggested approach can uncover the underlying characteristics of time-varying pricing schemes.Without knowing anything regarding the market environment in advance,the best decision-making policy may be learned via case studies that use data from actual historical price plans.Experiments show that the suggested decision approach may reduce cost and energy usage dissatisfaction by using user data to build an accurate prediction strategy.In this research,we look at how smart city energy planners rely on precise load forecasts.It presents a hybrid method that extracts associated characteristics to improve accuracy in residential power consumption forecasts using machine learning(ML).It is possible to measure the precision of forecasts with the use of loss functions with the RMSE.This research presents a methodology for estimating smart home energy usage in response to the growing interest in explainable artificial intelligence(XAI).Using Shapley Additive explanations(SHAP)approaches,this strategy makes it easy for consumers to comprehend their energy use trends.To predict future energy use,the study employs gradient boosting in conjunction with long short-term memory neural networks.展开更多
This paper introduces a novel chattering-free terminal sliding mode control(SMC)strategy to address chaotic behavior in permanent magnet synchronous generators(PMSG)for offshore wind turbine systems.By integrating an ...This paper introduces a novel chattering-free terminal sliding mode control(SMC)strategy to address chaotic behavior in permanent magnet synchronous generators(PMSG)for offshore wind turbine systems.By integrating an adaptive exponential reaching law with a continuous barrier function,the proposed approach eliminates chattering and ensures robust performance under model uncertainties.The methodology combines adaptive SMC with dynamic switching to estimate and compensates for unknown uncertainties,providing smooth and stable control.Finally,the performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach are compared with those of a previous study.展开更多
Terminals and their access represent a vulnerable aspect in the security framework of 5G-railway(5G-R)system.To enhance the control of 5G-R terminals and their access to applications,this paper analyzes the applicatio...Terminals and their access represent a vulnerable aspect in the security framework of 5G-railway(5G-R)system.To enhance the control of 5G-R terminals and their access to applications,this paper analyzes the application scenarios,operational modes,services supported by 5G-R terminals,and the data paths between these terminals and the connected railway application service systems.Further analysis concentrates on the security risks posed by the characteristics of intelligent 5G-R handheld terminals,lightweight Internet of Things(IoT)communication terminals,and onboard integrated wireless transmission equipment with public-private convergence.In light of the risks above,this paper presents the terminal security control requirements.Furthermore,based on the planned architecture of the 5G-R system and security technologies such as terminal identity authentication and behavior auditing,the paper proposes a solution package for the 5G-R terminal security control system,including the overall architecture,functional implementation,and interface configuration.These solutions aim to achieve unified control over the admission and access of 5G-R handheld terminals,IoT communication terminals,and onboard integrated wireless communication equipment to railway application systems.Additionally,they enable the security control and analysis of terminal behaviors and application data,facilitate the security management of terminals,and ensure the secure release,download,and installation of mobile applications.展开更多
Considering the challenges posed by external disturbances on carrier-based aircraft land-ing control,higher demands are required for the precision and convergence of the carrier landingcontrol system.First,this paper ...Considering the challenges posed by external disturbances on carrier-based aircraft land-ing control,higher demands are required for the precision and convergence of the carrier landingcontrol system.First,this paper proposes an Adaptive Terminal Sliding Combined Super TwistingControl(ATS-STC)method to address the issues of low precision,slow convergence,and poor dis-turbance rejection capability resulting from external disturbances,such as carrier air-wake and deckmotion.By introducing a nonlinear term into the sliding surface and employing an integralapproach,the proposed ATS-STC method can ensure finite-time convergence and mitigate the chat-tering problem.An adaptive law is also utilized to estimate the external disturbances,therebyenhancing the anti-disturbance performance.Then,the stability and convergence time analysis ofthe designed controller are conducted.Based on the proposed method,an Automatic Carrier Land-ing System(ACLS)is developed to perform the carrier landing control task.Furthermore,a multi-dimensional validation is carried out.For the numerical simulation test,the Terminal Sliding ModeControl(TSMC)method and Proportion Integration Differentiation(PID)method are introducedas comparison,the quantitative assessment results show that the tracking error of TSMC and PIDcan reach 1.5 times and 2 times that of the proposed method.Finally,the Hardware-in-the-Loop(HIL)test and real flight test are conducted.All the experimental results demonstrate that the pro-posed control method is more effective and precise.展开更多
BACKGROUND Appendiceal signet-ring cell carcinoma(SRCC)with terminal ileum metastasis is extremely rare.There have been no reported cases in domestic and foreign literature.CASE SUMMARY In this case report,we present ...BACKGROUND Appendiceal signet-ring cell carcinoma(SRCC)with terminal ileum metastasis is extremely rare.There have been no reported cases in domestic and foreign literature.CASE SUMMARY In this case report,we present an 88-year-old man with appendiceal SRCC with terminal ileum metastasis.The tumour stage was stage pT4bN2M1bG3 IVB,and the Tumour,Node,Metastasis staging system was used.The patient was admitted to our hospital on 12 July,2022 and underwent laparoscopic appendectomy under general anaesthesia after the examination.The pathological examination that took place 1 week after the operation showed that SRCC of the appendix invaded the whole layer,vessels and nerves of the appendix wall.It was suggested that the primary appendix should be considered after excluding metastasis.Based on the postoperative pathology findings,the patient underwent a secondary surgery on 2 August,2022.The second pathological examination showed residual SRCC in the appendiceal area of the ileocecal region,which infiltrated the serosal fibres and adipose tissue of the ileocecal region to the surface mesothelium.The tumour infiltrated the whole layer of the ileum wall,serosa fibres,adipose tissue and the surface mesothelium.Postoperative follow-up showed no signs of tumour recurrence or metastasis.CONCLUSION In clinical practice,a heightened awareness of rare diseases,coupled with thorough intraoperative exploration and rapid pathological examination,enables more accurate judgments,potentially sparing patients from unnecessary secondary surgery and ensuring optimal treatment.展开更多
This article investigates the anti-disturbance and stabilization problems for the nonlinear uncertain permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)with stator voltage saturation and unknown load.A smooth switching mechanis...This article investigates the anti-disturbance and stabilization problems for the nonlinear uncertain permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)with stator voltage saturation and unknown load.A smooth switching mechanism is presented to structure the adaptive integral terminal sliding mode control(SMC)strategy.The control design consists of compensation control and nominal control,which improves the rapidity and accuracy of trajectory tracking.The smooth saturation model based on the error function is applied to approximate the voltage saturation phenomenon.Additionally,to deal with the adverse effects of various unknown disturbances,including model parameter uncertainties and unknown external load disturbances,an improved disturbance observer(DO)is proposed.This observer effectively suppresses the fluctuations caused by fixed gain during the starting period of the system.Finally,the experimental results under different conditions show that the proposed strategy has good tracking and disturbance suppression performances.展开更多
This paper presents a robust finite-time visual servo control strategy for the tracking problem of omni-directional mobile manipulators(OMMs)subject to mismatched disturbances.First,the nonlinear kinematic model of vi...This paper presents a robust finite-time visual servo control strategy for the tracking problem of omni-directional mobile manipulators(OMMs)subject to mismatched disturbances.First,the nonlinear kinematic model of visual servoing for OMMs with mismatched disturbances is explicitly presented to solve the whole-body inverse kinematic problem.Second,a sliding mode observer augmented with an integral terminal sliding mode controller is proposed to handle these uncertainties and ensure that the system converges to a small region around the equilibrium point.The boundary layer technique is employed to mitigate the chattering phenomenon.Furthermore,a strict finite-time Lyapunov stability analysis is conducted.An experimental comparison between the proposed algorithm and a traditional position-based visual servo controller is carried out,and the results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed control algorithm.展开更多
Automated guided vehicles(AGVs)are key equipment in automated container terminals(ACTs),and their operational efficiency can be impacted by conflicts and battery swapping.Additionally,AGVs have bidirectional transport...Automated guided vehicles(AGVs)are key equipment in automated container terminals(ACTs),and their operational efficiency can be impacted by conflicts and battery swapping.Additionally,AGVs have bidirectional transportation capabilities,allowing them tomove in the opposite directionwithout turning around,which helps reduce transportation time.This paper aims at the problem of AGV scheduling and bidirectional conflict-free routing with battery swapping in automated terminals.A bi-level mixed integer programming(MIP)model is proposed,taking into account task assignment,bidirectional conflict-free routing,and battery swapping.The upper model focuses on container task assignment and AGV battery swapping planning,while the lower model ensures conflict-free movement of AGVs.A double-threshold battery swapping strategy is introduced,allowing AGVs to utilize waiting time for loading for battery swapping.An improved differential evolution variable neighborhood search(IDE-VNS)algorithm is developed to solve the bi-level MIP model,aiming to minimize the completion time of all jobs.Experimental results demonstrate that compared to the differential evolution(DE)algorithm and the genetic algorithm(GA),the IDEVNS algorithmreduces fitness values by 44.49% and 45.22%,though it does increase computation time by 56.28% and 62.03%,respectively.Bidirectional transportation reduces the fitness value by an average of 10.97% when the container scale is small.As the container scale increases,the fitness value of bidirectional transportation gradually approaches that of unidirectional transportation.The results further show that the double-threshold battery swapping strategy enhances AGV utilization and reduces the fitness value.展开更多
Missile acceleration saturation in a practical terminal guidance process may significantly reduce the interception performance.To solve this problem,this paper presents an anti-saturation guidance law with finite-time...Missile acceleration saturation in a practical terminal guidance process may significantly reduce the interception performance.To solve this problem,this paper presents an anti-saturation guidance law with finite-time convergence for a three dimensional maneuvering interception.The finite time boundedness(FTB)theory and the input-output finite time stability(IO-FTS)theory are used,as well as the long short-term memory(LSTM)network.A sufficient condition for FTB and IO-FTS of a class of nonlinear systems is given.Then,an anti-acceleration saturation missile terminal guidance law based on LSTM,namely LSTM-ASGL,is designed.It can effectively suppress the effect of acceleration saturation to track the maneuvering target more accurately in the complex dynamic environment.The excellent performance of LSTM-ASGL in different maneuvering target scenarios is verified by simulation.The simulation results show that the guidance law successfully prevents acceleration saturation and improves the tracking ability of the missile system to the maneuvering target.It is also shown that LSTM-ASGL has good generalization and anti-jamming performance,and consumes less energy than the anti-acceleration saturation terminal guidance law.展开更多
In the context of the diversity of smart terminals,the unity of the root of trust becomes complicated,which not only affects the efficiency of trust propagation,but also poses a challenge to the security of the whole ...In the context of the diversity of smart terminals,the unity of the root of trust becomes complicated,which not only affects the efficiency of trust propagation,but also poses a challenge to the security of the whole system.In particular,the solidification of the root of trust in non-volatile memory(NVM)restricts the system’s dynamic updating capability,which is an obvious disadvantage in a rapidly changing security environment.To address this issue,this study proposes a novel approach to generate root security parameters using static random access memory(SRAM)physical unclonable functions(PUFs).SRAM PUFs,as a security primitive,show great potential in lightweight security solutions due to their inherent physical properties,low cost and scalability.However,the stability of SRAM PUFs in harsh environments is a key issue.These environmental conditions include extreme temperatures,high humidity,and strong electromagnetic radiation,all of which can affect the performance of SRAM PUFs.In order to ensure the stability of root safety parameters under these conditions,this study proposes an integrated approach that covers not only the acquisition of entropy sources,but also the implementation of algorithms and configuration management.In addition,this study develops a series of reliability-enhancing algorithms,including adaptive parameter selection,data preprocessing,auxiliary data generation,and error correction,which are essential for improving the performance of SRAM PUFs in harsh environments.Based on these techniques,this study establishes six types of secure parameter generation mechanisms,which not only improve the security of the system,but also enhance its adaptability in variable environments.Through a series of experiments,we verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.Under 10 different environmental conditions,our method is able to achieve full recovery of security data with an error rate of less than 25%,which proves the robustness and reliability of our method.These results not only provide strong evidence for the stability of SRAM PUFs in practical applications,but also provide a new direction for future research in the field of smart terminal security.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to evaluate attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients and identify the associated factors among community nurses in Shanghai.Methods:The study was conducted among community nurses...Objectives:This study aimed to evaluate attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients and identify the associated factors among community nurses in Shanghai.Methods:The study was conducted among community nurses using convenience sampling in Shanghai between August and November 2023.The demographic questionnaire,the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale-B(FATCOD-B),and the Coping with Death Scale(CDS)were used for data collection.Data analysis was conducted using independent sample t-test,one-way analysis of variance,and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:A total of 1,396 community nurses participated in this study.The overall FATCOD-B score among community nurses was 102.27±10.23,the attitude toward caring for the dying person’s family dimension scored the highest(4.03±0.53),whereas the attitude toward the communication dimension scored the lowest(2.86±0.52).The overall CDS score was 130.78±20.25.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that death coping ability and blended death education accounted for 13.7%of the variance in community nurses’attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients.Conclusions:Community nurses in Shanghai exhibit moderate attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients.Nurses with greater death coping ability and those who participated in blended death education tended to have more positive attitudes toward terminally ill patients.These findingsunderscore the potential of blended death education as a practical strategy to enhance hospice care quality in community health service centers.展开更多
Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal ballistics.We evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression mode...Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal ballistics.We evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression models,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector regression(SVR),and Gaussian process regression(GP),on two common terminal ballistics’ problems:(a)predicting the V50ballistic limit of monolithic metallic armour impacted by small and medium calibre projectiles and fragments,and(b) predicting the depth to which a projectile will penetrate a target of semi-infinite thickness.To achieve this we utilise two datasets,each consisting of approximately 1000samples,collated from public release sources.We demonstrate that all four model types provide similarly excellent agreement when interpolating within the training data and diverge when extrapolating outside this range.Although extrapolation is not advisable for ML-based regression models,for applications such as lethality/survivability analysis,such capability is required.To circumvent this,we implement expert knowledge and physics-based models via enforced monotonicity,as a Gaussian prior mean,and through a modified loss function.The physics-informed models demonstrate improved performance over both classical physics-based models and the basic ML regression models,providing an ability to accurately fit experimental data when it is available and then revert to the physics-based model when not.The resulting models demonstrate high levels of predictive accuracy over a very wide range of projectile types,target materials and thicknesses,and impact conditions significantly more diverse than that achievable from any existing analytical approach.Compared with numerical analysis tools such as finite element solvers the ML models run orders of magnitude faster.We provide some general guidelines throughout for the development,application,and reporting of ML models in terminal ballistics problems.展开更多
Background:Acute suppurative terminal cholangitis(ASTC)is rarer than acute obstructive cholangitis and is not well studied.To explore this subtype of acute cholangitis,we described our clinical experience with ASTC.Me...Background:Acute suppurative terminal cholangitis(ASTC)is rarer than acute obstructive cholangitis and is not well studied.To explore this subtype of acute cholangitis,we described our clinical experience with ASTC.Methods:We performed a retrospective review of patients with ASTC admitted to our center from September 2014 to August 2020.We analyzed their clinical characteristics,including etiology,clinical manifestations,imaging features,treatment and prognosis.Results:A total of 32 ASTC patients were included in the analysis.The majority of the patients had a history of biliary operations,and clinical manifestations were occult and atypical.The positive rate of bacterial culture was 46.9%.All the patients had typical imaging features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.Treatment with effective antibiotics was provided as soon as diagnosis was established.After treatment,most patients had a good outcome.Elevated levels of total bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase,procalcitonin and gamma-glutamyltransferase were the characteristics of critically ill patients and were associated with relatively poor prognosis.Conclusions:Our results demonstrated that ASTC should be recognized as a new subtype of acute cholangitis,and that earlier diagnosis and more personalized treatments are needed.展开更多
Focusing on the non-concave trajectory constraint,a sliding-mode-based nonsingular feedback fast fixed-time three-dimensional terminal guidance of rotor unmanned aerial vehicle landing,planetary landing and spacecraft...Focusing on the non-concave trajectory constraint,a sliding-mode-based nonsingular feedback fast fixed-time three-dimensional terminal guidance of rotor unmanned aerial vehicle landing,planetary landing and spacecraft rendezvous and docking terminal phase with external disturbance is investigated in this paper.Firstly,a fixed-time observer based on real-time differentiator is developed to compensate for the external disturbance,whose estimation error can converge to zero after a time independent of the initial state.Then,a sliding surface ensuring fixed-time convergence is presented.This sliding surface can guarantee that the vehicle achieves a non-concave trajectory,which is better for avoiding collision and maintaining the visibility of the landing site or docking port.Next,the nonsingular guidance ensuring the fixed-time convergence of the sliding surface is proposed,which is continuous and chatter free.At last,three numerical simulations of Mars landing are performed to validate the effectiveness and correctness of the designed scheme.展开更多
The low efficiency and high cost of fresh agricultural product terminal distribution directly restrict the operation of the entire supply network.To reduce costs and optimize the distribution network,we construct a mi...The low efficiency and high cost of fresh agricultural product terminal distribution directly restrict the operation of the entire supply network.To reduce costs and optimize the distribution network,we construct a mixed integer programmingmodel that comprehensively considers tominimize fixed,transportation,fresh-keeping,time,carbon emissions,and performance incentive costs.We analyzed the performance of traditional rider distribution and robot distribution modes in detail.In addition,the uncertainty of the actual market demand poses a huge threat to the stability of the terminal distribution network.In order to resist uncertain interference,we further extend the model to a robust counterpart form.The results of the simulation show that the instability of random parameters will lead to an increase in the cost.Compared with the traditional rider distribution mode,the robot distribution mode can save 12.7%on logistics costs,and the distribution efficiency is higher.Our research can provide support for the design of planning schemes for transportation enterprise managers.展开更多
文摘Construction of LNG receiving terminals The scale of receiving terminals is expanding rapidly At the end of 1999,the state approved the Guangdong LNG Pilot Project,which opened the prelude to the construction of LNG receiving terminals.In 2006,China's first LNG receiving terminal,namely Dapeng LNG Receiving Terminal in Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,was put into operation,marking the beginning of the use of overseas natural gas in China.
基金Supported by Project of the Health Bureau of the Logistics and Security Department of the Central Military Commission,No.145BHQ090003076XMilitary Family Planning Special Fund,No.21JSZ18.
文摘BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children with enterostomies.METHODS One hundred twenty children with enterostomies and their caregivers in a children's hospital in Beijing were divided into a control group and a study group.The control group(60 cases)received traditional telephone follow-up for continuity of care,while the study group(60 cases)used a visualization mobile terminal-based care model.The incidence of stoma-related complications,caregiver burden scale,and competence scores of children with stoma were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The primary caregiver burden score in the study group(37.22±3.17)was significantly lower than that in the control group(80.00±4.47),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Additionally,the caregiving ability score of the study group(172.08±3.49)was significantly higher than that of the control group(117.55±4.28;P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the study group(11.7%,7/60)was significantly lower compared to the control group(33.3%,20/60;χ2=8.086,P=0.004).CONCLUSION The visual mobile terminal-based care model reduces caregiver burden,improves home care ability,lowers the incidence of complications and readmission rates,and supports successful second-stage reduction surgery for children with enterostomies.
基金supported by the Department of Defense AFIRMⅢW81XWH-20-2-0029 grant subcontractLone Star Paralysis gift,UT POC19-1774-13 grant+1 种基金Neuraptive Therapeutics Inc.26-7724-56 grantNational Institutes of Health R01-NS128086(all to GDB)。
文摘Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic nerves.We have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor recovery.Furthermore,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target muscles.In this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic nerve.Young adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of PEG.Compound action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury site.The success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days postoperatively.At 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase.PEG-fusion repair reestablished axonal continuity.Compared to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal areas.Unexpectedly,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repair.This central reorganization may contribute to the improved behavioral recovery seen after PEG-fusion repair,supporting the use of this novel repair methodology over currently available treatments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200704-3)Crop Varietal Improvement and Insect Pests Control by Nuclear Radiation,the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Program(2022NSFSC0018,2021YFYZ0011,2020YJ0249,MZGC20230108)the Biological Breeding Program of State Key of Sichuan Agricultural University(SKL-ZY202234).
文摘Carotenoids are the largest group of natural pigments responsible for the yellow,orange,and red colors in plant kernels,fruits,and leaves(Gupta and Hirschberg,2021).In plants,carotenoids are involved in manybiological processes,such as acting as accessory light-harvesting pigments in photosynthesis,participating in photoprotection,and serving as precursors for the hormones abscisic acid(ABA)and strigolactones(Ruiz-Sola and Rodriguez-Concepcion,2012).
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373176,52073067)。
文摘Benzotriazole(BTA)-based A_(2)-A_1-D-A_1-A_(2)type wide-bandgap(WBG)non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have shown promising potential in indoor photovoltaic,and in-depth investigation of their structure-property relationship is of great significance.Herein,we explored the chlorination effect of the side chain on the terminals.We introduced Cl atoms into the benzyl side chains in parent BTA5 to synthesize two NFAs,BTA5-Cl with mono-chlorinated benzyl groups and BTA5-2Cl containing bi-chlorinated benzyl groups.We chose D18-Cl with deep-energy levels and strong crystallinity to pair with these three acceptors,affording high photovoltage and photocurrent.With the stepwise chlorination,the open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))values decrease from 1.28,1.22,to 1.20 V,while the corresponding power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)improve from 5.07%,9.15%,to 10.96%.Compared with BTA5-based OSCs,introducing Cl atoms downshifts the energy levels and slightly increases the non-radiative energy loss(0.14<0.17<0.19 e V),resulting in a sequential decrease in VO C.However,more chlorine atom replacements produce more effective exciton dissociation,higher charge transfer,and balanced carrier mobility in the blend films,ultimately achieving better PCEs.This work indicates that chlorination of the benzyl group on the terminals can improve the device's performance,implying good application potential in indoor photovoltaics.
文摘By comparing price plans offered by several retail energy firms,end users with smart meters and controllers may optimize their energy use cost portfolios,due to the growth of deregulated retail power markets.To help smart grid end-users decrease power payment and usage unhappiness,this article suggests a decision system based on reinforcement learning to aid with electricity price plan selection.An enhanced state-based Markov decision process(MDP)without transition probabilities simulates the decision issue.A Kernel approximate-integrated batch Q-learning approach is used to tackle the given issue.Several adjustments to the sampling and data representation are made to increase the computational and prediction performance.Using a continuous high-dimensional state space,the suggested approach can uncover the underlying characteristics of time-varying pricing schemes.Without knowing anything regarding the market environment in advance,the best decision-making policy may be learned via case studies that use data from actual historical price plans.Experiments show that the suggested decision approach may reduce cost and energy usage dissatisfaction by using user data to build an accurate prediction strategy.In this research,we look at how smart city energy planners rely on precise load forecasts.It presents a hybrid method that extracts associated characteristics to improve accuracy in residential power consumption forecasts using machine learning(ML).It is possible to measure the precision of forecasts with the use of loss functions with the RMSE.This research presents a methodology for estimating smart home energy usage in response to the growing interest in explainable artificial intelligence(XAI).Using Shapley Additive explanations(SHAP)approaches,this strategy makes it easy for consumers to comprehend their energy use trends.To predict future energy use,the study employs gradient boosting in conjunction with long short-term memory neural networks.
文摘This paper introduces a novel chattering-free terminal sliding mode control(SMC)strategy to address chaotic behavior in permanent magnet synchronous generators(PMSG)for offshore wind turbine systems.By integrating an adaptive exponential reaching law with a continuous barrier function,the proposed approach eliminates chattering and ensures robust performance under model uncertainties.The methodology combines adaptive SMC with dynamic switching to estimate and compensates for unknown uncertainties,providing smooth and stable control.Finally,the performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach are compared with those of a previous study.
文摘Terminals and their access represent a vulnerable aspect in the security framework of 5G-railway(5G-R)system.To enhance the control of 5G-R terminals and their access to applications,this paper analyzes the application scenarios,operational modes,services supported by 5G-R terminals,and the data paths between these terminals and the connected railway application service systems.Further analysis concentrates on the security risks posed by the characteristics of intelligent 5G-R handheld terminals,lightweight Internet of Things(IoT)communication terminals,and onboard integrated wireless transmission equipment with public-private convergence.In light of the risks above,this paper presents the terminal security control requirements.Furthermore,based on the planned architecture of the 5G-R system and security technologies such as terminal identity authentication and behavior auditing,the paper proposes a solution package for the 5G-R terminal security control system,including the overall architecture,functional implementation,and interface configuration.These solutions aim to achieve unified control over the admission and access of 5G-R handheld terminals,IoT communication terminals,and onboard integrated wireless communication equipment to railway application systems.Additionally,they enable the security control and analysis of terminal behaviors and application data,facilitate the security management of terminals,and ensure the secure release,download,and installation of mobile applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.T2288101)the National Key Research and Development Project,China(No.2020YFC1512500)the Academic Excellence Foundation of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(BUAA)。
文摘Considering the challenges posed by external disturbances on carrier-based aircraft land-ing control,higher demands are required for the precision and convergence of the carrier landingcontrol system.First,this paper proposes an Adaptive Terminal Sliding Combined Super TwistingControl(ATS-STC)method to address the issues of low precision,slow convergence,and poor dis-turbance rejection capability resulting from external disturbances,such as carrier air-wake and deckmotion.By introducing a nonlinear term into the sliding surface and employing an integralapproach,the proposed ATS-STC method can ensure finite-time convergence and mitigate the chat-tering problem.An adaptive law is also utilized to estimate the external disturbances,therebyenhancing the anti-disturbance performance.Then,the stability and convergence time analysis ofthe designed controller are conducted.Based on the proposed method,an Automatic Carrier Land-ing System(ACLS)is developed to perform the carrier landing control task.Furthermore,a multi-dimensional validation is carried out.For the numerical simulation test,the Terminal Sliding ModeControl(TSMC)method and Proportion Integration Differentiation(PID)method are introducedas comparison,the quantitative assessment results show that the tracking error of TSMC and PIDcan reach 1.5 times and 2 times that of the proposed method.Finally,the Hardware-in-the-Loop(HIL)test and real flight test are conducted.All the experimental results demonstrate that the pro-posed control method is more effective and precise.
文摘BACKGROUND Appendiceal signet-ring cell carcinoma(SRCC)with terminal ileum metastasis is extremely rare.There have been no reported cases in domestic and foreign literature.CASE SUMMARY In this case report,we present an 88-year-old man with appendiceal SRCC with terminal ileum metastasis.The tumour stage was stage pT4bN2M1bG3 IVB,and the Tumour,Node,Metastasis staging system was used.The patient was admitted to our hospital on 12 July,2022 and underwent laparoscopic appendectomy under general anaesthesia after the examination.The pathological examination that took place 1 week after the operation showed that SRCC of the appendix invaded the whole layer,vessels and nerves of the appendix wall.It was suggested that the primary appendix should be considered after excluding metastasis.Based on the postoperative pathology findings,the patient underwent a secondary surgery on 2 August,2022.The second pathological examination showed residual SRCC in the appendiceal area of the ileocecal region,which infiltrated the serosal fibres and adipose tissue of the ileocecal region to the surface mesothelium.The tumour infiltrated the whole layer of the ileum wall,serosa fibres,adipose tissue and the surface mesothelium.Postoperative follow-up showed no signs of tumour recurrence or metastasis.CONCLUSION In clinical practice,a heightened awareness of rare diseases,coupled with thorough intraoperative exploration and rapid pathological examination,enables more accurate judgments,potentially sparing patients from unnecessary secondary surgery and ensuring optimal treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant 62273189the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation under Grant ZR2021MF005Systems Science Plus Joint Research Program of Qingdao University under Grant XT2024201 of China supporting this research work.
文摘This article investigates the anti-disturbance and stabilization problems for the nonlinear uncertain permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)with stator voltage saturation and unknown load.A smooth switching mechanism is presented to structure the adaptive integral terminal sliding mode control(SMC)strategy.The control design consists of compensation control and nominal control,which improves the rapidity and accuracy of trajectory tracking.The smooth saturation model based on the error function is applied to approximate the voltage saturation phenomenon.Additionally,to deal with the adverse effects of various unknown disturbances,including model parameter uncertainties and unknown external load disturbances,an improved disturbance observer(DO)is proposed.This observer effectively suppresses the fluctuations caused by fixed gain during the starting period of the system.Finally,the experimental results under different conditions show that the proposed strategy has good tracking and disturbance suppression performances.
基金supported by the Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Development Special Fund of Shanghai(No.2019RGZN01041)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92048205).
文摘This paper presents a robust finite-time visual servo control strategy for the tracking problem of omni-directional mobile manipulators(OMMs)subject to mismatched disturbances.First,the nonlinear kinematic model of visual servoing for OMMs with mismatched disturbances is explicitly presented to solve the whole-body inverse kinematic problem.Second,a sliding mode observer augmented with an integral terminal sliding mode controller is proposed to handle these uncertainties and ensure that the system converges to a small region around the equilibrium point.The boundary layer technique is employed to mitigate the chattering phenomenon.Furthermore,a strict finite-time Lyapunov stability analysis is conducted.An experimental comparison between the proposed algorithm and a traditional position-based visual servo controller is carried out,and the results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed control algorithm.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62073212)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(No.23ZR1426600).
文摘Automated guided vehicles(AGVs)are key equipment in automated container terminals(ACTs),and their operational efficiency can be impacted by conflicts and battery swapping.Additionally,AGVs have bidirectional transportation capabilities,allowing them tomove in the opposite directionwithout turning around,which helps reduce transportation time.This paper aims at the problem of AGV scheduling and bidirectional conflict-free routing with battery swapping in automated terminals.A bi-level mixed integer programming(MIP)model is proposed,taking into account task assignment,bidirectional conflict-free routing,and battery swapping.The upper model focuses on container task assignment and AGV battery swapping planning,while the lower model ensures conflict-free movement of AGVs.A double-threshold battery swapping strategy is introduced,allowing AGVs to utilize waiting time for loading for battery swapping.An improved differential evolution variable neighborhood search(IDE-VNS)algorithm is developed to solve the bi-level MIP model,aiming to minimize the completion time of all jobs.Experimental results demonstrate that compared to the differential evolution(DE)algorithm and the genetic algorithm(GA),the IDEVNS algorithmreduces fitness values by 44.49% and 45.22%,though it does increase computation time by 56.28% and 62.03%,respectively.Bidirectional transportation reduces the fitness value by an average of 10.97% when the container scale is small.As the container scale increases,the fitness value of bidirectional transportation gradually approaches that of unidirectional transportation.The results further show that the double-threshold battery swapping strategy enhances AGV utilization and reduces the fitness value.
文摘Missile acceleration saturation in a practical terminal guidance process may significantly reduce the interception performance.To solve this problem,this paper presents an anti-saturation guidance law with finite-time convergence for a three dimensional maneuvering interception.The finite time boundedness(FTB)theory and the input-output finite time stability(IO-FTS)theory are used,as well as the long short-term memory(LSTM)network.A sufficient condition for FTB and IO-FTS of a class of nonlinear systems is given.Then,an anti-acceleration saturation missile terminal guidance law based on LSTM,namely LSTM-ASGL,is designed.It can effectively suppress the effect of acceleration saturation to track the maneuvering target more accurately in the complex dynamic environment.The excellent performance of LSTM-ASGL in different maneuvering target scenarios is verified by simulation.The simulation results show that the guidance law successfully prevents acceleration saturation and improves the tracking ability of the missile system to the maneuvering target.It is also shown that LSTM-ASGL has good generalization and anti-jamming performance,and consumes less energy than the anti-acceleration saturation terminal guidance law.
基金supported by National key Research and Development Program“Security Protection Technology for Critical Information Infrastructure of Distribution Network”(2022YFB3105100).
文摘In the context of the diversity of smart terminals,the unity of the root of trust becomes complicated,which not only affects the efficiency of trust propagation,but also poses a challenge to the security of the whole system.In particular,the solidification of the root of trust in non-volatile memory(NVM)restricts the system’s dynamic updating capability,which is an obvious disadvantage in a rapidly changing security environment.To address this issue,this study proposes a novel approach to generate root security parameters using static random access memory(SRAM)physical unclonable functions(PUFs).SRAM PUFs,as a security primitive,show great potential in lightweight security solutions due to their inherent physical properties,low cost and scalability.However,the stability of SRAM PUFs in harsh environments is a key issue.These environmental conditions include extreme temperatures,high humidity,and strong electromagnetic radiation,all of which can affect the performance of SRAM PUFs.In order to ensure the stability of root safety parameters under these conditions,this study proposes an integrated approach that covers not only the acquisition of entropy sources,but also the implementation of algorithms and configuration management.In addition,this study develops a series of reliability-enhancing algorithms,including adaptive parameter selection,data preprocessing,auxiliary data generation,and error correction,which are essential for improving the performance of SRAM PUFs in harsh environments.Based on these techniques,this study establishes six types of secure parameter generation mechanisms,which not only improve the security of the system,but also enhance its adaptability in variable environments.Through a series of experiments,we verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.Under 10 different environmental conditions,our method is able to achieve full recovery of security data with an error rate of less than 25%,which proves the robustness and reliability of our method.These results not only provide strong evidence for the stability of SRAM PUFs in practical applications,but also provide a new direction for future research in the field of smart terminal security.
基金supported by the“Climbing Plan”for Outstanding Young Teachers at Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences(A3-0200-21-311008)Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project(23YJC630002).
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to evaluate attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients and identify the associated factors among community nurses in Shanghai.Methods:The study was conducted among community nurses using convenience sampling in Shanghai between August and November 2023.The demographic questionnaire,the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale-B(FATCOD-B),and the Coping with Death Scale(CDS)were used for data collection.Data analysis was conducted using independent sample t-test,one-way analysis of variance,and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:A total of 1,396 community nurses participated in this study.The overall FATCOD-B score among community nurses was 102.27±10.23,the attitude toward caring for the dying person’s family dimension scored the highest(4.03±0.53),whereas the attitude toward the communication dimension scored the lowest(2.86±0.52).The overall CDS score was 130.78±20.25.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that death coping ability and blended death education accounted for 13.7%of the variance in community nurses’attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients.Conclusions:Community nurses in Shanghai exhibit moderate attitudes toward caring for terminally ill patients.Nurses with greater death coping ability and those who participated in blended death education tended to have more positive attitudes toward terminally ill patients.These findingsunderscore the potential of blended death education as a practical strategy to enhance hospice care quality in community health service centers.
文摘Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal ballistics.We evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression models,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector regression(SVR),and Gaussian process regression(GP),on two common terminal ballistics’ problems:(a)predicting the V50ballistic limit of monolithic metallic armour impacted by small and medium calibre projectiles and fragments,and(b) predicting the depth to which a projectile will penetrate a target of semi-infinite thickness.To achieve this we utilise two datasets,each consisting of approximately 1000samples,collated from public release sources.We demonstrate that all four model types provide similarly excellent agreement when interpolating within the training data and diverge when extrapolating outside this range.Although extrapolation is not advisable for ML-based regression models,for applications such as lethality/survivability analysis,such capability is required.To circumvent this,we implement expert knowledge and physics-based models via enforced monotonicity,as a Gaussian prior mean,and through a modified loss function.The physics-informed models demonstrate improved performance over both classical physics-based models and the basic ML regression models,providing an ability to accurately fit experimental data when it is available and then revert to the physics-based model when not.The resulting models demonstrate high levels of predictive accuracy over a very wide range of projectile types,target materials and thicknesses,and impact conditions significantly more diverse than that achievable from any existing analytical approach.Compared with numerical analysis tools such as finite element solvers the ML models run orders of magnitude faster.We provide some general guidelines throughout for the development,application,and reporting of ML models in terminal ballistics problems.
基金This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81870457).
文摘Background:Acute suppurative terminal cholangitis(ASTC)is rarer than acute obstructive cholangitis and is not well studied.To explore this subtype of acute cholangitis,we described our clinical experience with ASTC.Methods:We performed a retrospective review of patients with ASTC admitted to our center from September 2014 to August 2020.We analyzed their clinical characteristics,including etiology,clinical manifestations,imaging features,treatment and prognosis.Results:A total of 32 ASTC patients were included in the analysis.The majority of the patients had a history of biliary operations,and clinical manifestations were occult and atypical.The positive rate of bacterial culture was 46.9%.All the patients had typical imaging features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.Treatment with effective antibiotics was provided as soon as diagnosis was established.After treatment,most patients had a good outcome.Elevated levels of total bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase,procalcitonin and gamma-glutamyltransferase were the characteristics of critically ill patients and were associated with relatively poor prognosis.Conclusions:Our results demonstrated that ASTC should be recognized as a new subtype of acute cholangitis,and that earlier diagnosis and more personalized treatments are needed.
基金co-supported by the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Project,China(No.JCKY2020903B002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61973100,62273118 and 12150008)。
文摘Focusing on the non-concave trajectory constraint,a sliding-mode-based nonsingular feedback fast fixed-time three-dimensional terminal guidance of rotor unmanned aerial vehicle landing,planetary landing and spacecraft rendezvous and docking terminal phase with external disturbance is investigated in this paper.Firstly,a fixed-time observer based on real-time differentiator is developed to compensate for the external disturbance,whose estimation error can converge to zero after a time independent of the initial state.Then,a sliding surface ensuring fixed-time convergence is presented.This sliding surface can guarantee that the vehicle achieves a non-concave trajectory,which is better for avoiding collision and maintaining the visibility of the landing site or docking port.Next,the nonsingular guidance ensuring the fixed-time convergence of the sliding surface is proposed,which is continuous and chatter free.At last,three numerical simulations of Mars landing are performed to validate the effectiveness and correctness of the designed scheme.
文摘The low efficiency and high cost of fresh agricultural product terminal distribution directly restrict the operation of the entire supply network.To reduce costs and optimize the distribution network,we construct a mixed integer programmingmodel that comprehensively considers tominimize fixed,transportation,fresh-keeping,time,carbon emissions,and performance incentive costs.We analyzed the performance of traditional rider distribution and robot distribution modes in detail.In addition,the uncertainty of the actual market demand poses a huge threat to the stability of the terminal distribution network.In order to resist uncertain interference,we further extend the model to a robust counterpart form.The results of the simulation show that the instability of random parameters will lead to an increase in the cost.Compared with the traditional rider distribution mode,the robot distribution mode can save 12.7%on logistics costs,and the distribution efficiency is higher.Our research can provide support for the design of planning schemes for transportation enterprise managers.
