The exponential growth of audio data shared over the internet and communication channels has raised significant concerns about the security and privacy of transmitted information.Due to high processing requirements,tr...The exponential growth of audio data shared over the internet and communication channels has raised significant concerns about the security and privacy of transmitted information.Due to high processing requirements,traditional encryption algorithms demand considerable computational effort for real-time audio encryption.To address these challenges,this paper presents a permutation for secure audio encryption using a combination of Tent and 1D logistic maps.The audio data is first shuffled using Tent map for the random permutation.The high random secret key with a length equal to the size of the audio data is then generated using a 1D logistic map.Finally,the Exclusive OR(XOR)operation is applied between the generated key and the shuffled audio to yield the cipher audio.The experimental results prove that the proposed method surpassed the other techniques by encrypting two types of audio files,as mono and stereo audio files with large sizes up to 122 MB,different sample rates 22,050,44,100,48,000,and 96,000 for WAV and 44,100 sample rates for MP3 of size 11 MB.The results show high Mean Square Error(MSE),low Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR),spectral distortion,100%Number of Sample Change Rate(NSCR),high Percent Residual Deviation(PRD),low Correlation Coefficient(CC),large key space 2^(616),high sensitivity to a slight change in the secret key and that it can counter several attacks,namely brute force attack,statistical attack,differential attack,and noise attack.展开更多
为探究tent5c/fam46c基因(Family with sequence similarity 46c,家族序列相似性46 c)在斑马鱼(Danio rerio)肌间刺发育中的作用,选取11种鱼类分析tent5c系统演化特征,采用原位杂交技术和qRT-PCR分析tent5c基因在斑马鱼发育中的时空表...为探究tent5c/fam46c基因(Family with sequence similarity 46c,家族序列相似性46 c)在斑马鱼(Danio rerio)肌间刺发育中的作用,选取11种鱼类分析tent5c系统演化特征,采用原位杂交技术和qRT-PCR分析tent5c基因在斑马鱼发育中的时空表达特征,并利用CRISPR/Cas9建立了斑马鱼tent5c基因敲除纯合突变系(tent5c^(-/-)),对其骨骼表型和肌肉转录组进行分析。结果显示,tent5c编码TENT5C氨基酸在不同鱼类中具有高度的保守性,但在无肌间刺鱼类里发生了相同的氨基酸替换;tent5c基因在48hpf(Hours post fertilization)斑马鱼的眼睛和肌隔表达,在60dpf(Days post fertilization)斑马鱼的脊椎和肌间刺特异高表达。与野生型斑马鱼相比,tent5c^(-/-)斑马鱼肌间刺表现为生长减缓,矿化程度降低以及数量减少。比较转录组结果表明,在tent5c基因敲除之后,斑马鱼肌肉组织有112个基因表达下调,118个基因表达上调。差异基因主要富集于肌肉收缩和骨骼发育等相关通路,由此推测tent5c可能是通过调控这些肌肉和骨骼相关通路来对肌间刺发育产生影响。研究初步表明了tent5c基因在斑马鱼肌间刺发育中的作用,为进一步研究鱼类肌间刺等骨骼发育的分子调控机制提供了科学依据。展开更多
文摘The exponential growth of audio data shared over the internet and communication channels has raised significant concerns about the security and privacy of transmitted information.Due to high processing requirements,traditional encryption algorithms demand considerable computational effort for real-time audio encryption.To address these challenges,this paper presents a permutation for secure audio encryption using a combination of Tent and 1D logistic maps.The audio data is first shuffled using Tent map for the random permutation.The high random secret key with a length equal to the size of the audio data is then generated using a 1D logistic map.Finally,the Exclusive OR(XOR)operation is applied between the generated key and the shuffled audio to yield the cipher audio.The experimental results prove that the proposed method surpassed the other techniques by encrypting two types of audio files,as mono and stereo audio files with large sizes up to 122 MB,different sample rates 22,050,44,100,48,000,and 96,000 for WAV and 44,100 sample rates for MP3 of size 11 MB.The results show high Mean Square Error(MSE),low Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR),spectral distortion,100%Number of Sample Change Rate(NSCR),high Percent Residual Deviation(PRD),low Correlation Coefficient(CC),large key space 2^(616),high sensitivity to a slight change in the secret key and that it can counter several attacks,namely brute force attack,statistical attack,differential attack,and noise attack.
文摘为探究tent5c/fam46c基因(Family with sequence similarity 46c,家族序列相似性46 c)在斑马鱼(Danio rerio)肌间刺发育中的作用,选取11种鱼类分析tent5c系统演化特征,采用原位杂交技术和qRT-PCR分析tent5c基因在斑马鱼发育中的时空表达特征,并利用CRISPR/Cas9建立了斑马鱼tent5c基因敲除纯合突变系(tent5c^(-/-)),对其骨骼表型和肌肉转录组进行分析。结果显示,tent5c编码TENT5C氨基酸在不同鱼类中具有高度的保守性,但在无肌间刺鱼类里发生了相同的氨基酸替换;tent5c基因在48hpf(Hours post fertilization)斑马鱼的眼睛和肌隔表达,在60dpf(Days post fertilization)斑马鱼的脊椎和肌间刺特异高表达。与野生型斑马鱼相比,tent5c^(-/-)斑马鱼肌间刺表现为生长减缓,矿化程度降低以及数量减少。比较转录组结果表明,在tent5c基因敲除之后,斑马鱼肌肉组织有112个基因表达下调,118个基因表达上调。差异基因主要富集于肌肉收缩和骨骼发育等相关通路,由此推测tent5c可能是通过调控这些肌肉和骨骼相关通路来对肌间刺发育产生影响。研究初步表明了tent5c基因在斑马鱼肌间刺发育中的作用,为进一步研究鱼类肌间刺等骨骼发育的分子调控机制提供了科学依据。
文摘万有引力搜索算法(gravitational search algorithm,GSA)相比于传统的优化算法具有收敛速度快、开拓性能强等特点,但GSA易陷入早熟收敛和局部最优,搜索能力较弱.为此,提出一种基于改进的Tent混沌万有引力搜索算法(gravitational search algorithm based on improved tent chaos,ITC-GSA).首先,改进Tent混沌映射来初始化种群,利用Tent混沌序列随机性、遍历性和规律性的特性使得初始种群随机性和遍历性在可行域内,具有加强算法的全局搜索能力;其次,引入引力常数G的动态调整策略提高算法的收敛速度和收敛精度;再次,设计成熟度指标判断种群成熟度,并使用Tent混沌搜索有效抑制算法早熟收敛,帮助种群跳出局部最优;最后,对10个基准函数进行仿真实验,结果表明所提算法能够有效克服GSA易陷入早熟收敛和局部最优的缺点,提高算法的收敛速度和寻优精度.
