Tensor canonical decomposition （shorted as CANDECOMP/PARAFAC or CP） decomposes a tensor as a sum of rank-one tensors, which finds numerous applications in signal processing, hypergraph analysis, data analysis, etc. ...Tensor canonical decomposition （shorted as CANDECOMP/PARAFAC or CP） decomposes a tensor as a sum of rank-one tensors, which finds numerous applications in signal processing, hypergraph analysis, data analysis, etc. Alternating least-squares （ALS） is one of the most popular numerical algorithms for solving it. While there have been lots of efforts for enhancing its efficiency, in general its convergence can not been guaranteed. In this paper, we cooperate the ALS and the trust-region technique from optimization field to generate a trust-region-based alternating least-squares （TRALS） method for CP. Under mild assumptions, we prove that the whole iterative sequence generated by TRALS converges to a stationary point of CP. This thus provides a reasonable way to alleviate the swamps, the notorious phenomena of ALS that slow down the speed of the algorithm. Moreover, the trust region itself, in contrast to the regularization alternating least-squares （RALS） method, provides a self-adaptive way in choosing the parameter, which is essential for the efficiency of the algorithm. Our theoretical result is thus stronger than that of RALS in [26], which only proved the cluster point of the iterative sequence generated by RALS is a stationary point. In order to accelerate the new algorithm, we adopt an extrapolation scheme. We apply our algorithm to the amino acid fluorescence data decomposition from chemometrics, BCM decomposition and rank-（Lr, Lr, 1） decomposition arising from signal processing, and compare it with ALS and RALS. The numerical results show that TRALS is superior to ALS and RALS, both from the number of iterations and CPU time perspectives.展开更多
The era of big data brings new challenges for information network systems(INS),simultaneously offering unprecedented opportunities for advancing intelligent intrusion detection systems.In this work,we propose a data-d...The era of big data brings new challenges for information network systems(INS),simultaneously offering unprecedented opportunities for advancing intelligent intrusion detection systems.In this work,we propose a data-driven intrusion detection system for Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attack detection.The system focuses on intrusion detection from a big data perceptive.As intelligent information processing methods,big data and artificial intelligence have been widely used in information systems.The INS system is an important information system in cyberspace.In advanced INS systems,the network architectures have become more complex.And the smart devices in INS systems collect a large scale of network data.How to improve the performance of a complex intrusion detection system with big data and artificial intelligence is a big challenge.To address the problem,we design a novel intrusion detection system(IDS)from a big data perspective.The IDS system uses tensors to represent large-scale and complex multi-source network data in a unified tensor.Then,a novel tensor decomposition(TD)method is developed to complete big data mining.The TD method seamlessly collaborates with the XGBoost(eXtreme Gradient Boosting)method to complete the intrusion detection.To verify the proposed IDS system,a series of experiments is conducted on two real network datasets.The results revealed that the proposed IDS system attained an impressive accuracy rate over 98%.Additionally,by altering the scale of the datasets,the proposed IDS system still maintains excellent detection performance,which demonstrates the proposed IDS system’s robustness.展开更多
Heterogeneous graphs generally refer to graphs with different types of nodes and edges.A common approach for extracting useful information from heterogeneous graphs is to use meta-graphs,which can be seen as a special...Heterogeneous graphs generally refer to graphs with different types of nodes and edges.A common approach for extracting useful information from heterogeneous graphs is to use meta-graphs,which can be seen as a special kind of directed acyclic graph with same node and edge types as the heterogeneous graph.However,how to design proper metagraphs is challenging.Recently,there have been many works on learning suitable metagraphs from a heterogeneous graph.Existing methods generally introduce continuous weights for edges that are independent of each other,which ignores the topological structures of meta-graphs and can be ineffective.To address this issue,the authors propose a new viewpoint from tensor on learning meta-graphs.Such a viewpoint not only helps interpret the limitation of existing works by CANDECOMP/PARAFAC(CP)decomposition,but also inspires us to propose a topology-aware tensor decomposition,called TENSUS,that reflects the structure of DAGs.The proposed topology-aware tensor decomposition is easy to use and simple to implement,and it can be taken as a plug-in part to upgrade many existing works,including node classification and recommendation on heterogeneous graphs.Experimental results on different tasks demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve the state-of-the-arts for all these tasks.展开更多
When plants respond to drought stress,dynamic cellular changes occur,accompanied by alterations in gene expression,which often act through trans-regulation.However,the detection of trans-acting genetic variants and ne...When plants respond to drought stress,dynamic cellular changes occur,accompanied by alterations in gene expression,which often act through trans-regulation.However,the detection of trans-acting genetic variants and networks of genes is challenged by the large number of genes and markers.Using a tensor decomposition method,we identify trans-acting expression quantitative trait loci(trans-eQTLs)linked to gene modules,rather than individual genes,which were associated with maize drought response.Module-to-trait association analysis demonstrates that half of the modules are relevant to drought-related traits.Genome-wide association studies of the expression patterns of each module identify 286 trans-eQTLs linked to drought-responsive modules,the majority of which cannot be detected based on individual gene expression.Notably,the trans-eQTLs located in the regions selected during maize improvement tend towards relatively strong selection.We further prioritize the genes that affect the transcriptional regulation of multiple genes in trans,as exemplified by two transcription factor genes.Our analyses highlight that multidimensional reduction could facilitate the identification of trans-acting variations in gene expression in response to dynamic environments and serve as a promising technique for high-order data processing in future crop breeding.展开更多
To enhance the inference efficiency of convolutional neural network(CNN),tensor parallelism is employed to improve the parallelism within operators.However,existing methods are customized to specific networks and hard...To enhance the inference efficiency of convolutional neural network(CNN),tensor parallelism is employed to improve the parallelism within operators.However,existing methods are customized to specific networks and hardware,limiting their generalizability.This paper proposes an approach called resource-adaptive tensor decomposition(RATD)for CNN operators,which aims to achieve an optimal match between computational resources and parallel computing tasks.Firstly,CNN is represented with fine-grained tensors at the lower graph level,thereby decoupling tensors that can be computed in parallel within operators.Secondly,the convolution and pooling operators are fused,and the decoupled tensor blocks are scheduled in parallel.Finally,a cost model is constructed,based on runtime and resource utilization,to iteratively refine the process of tensor block decomposition and automatically determine the optimal tensor decomposition.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RATD improves the accuracy of the model by 11%.Compared with CUDA(compute unified device architecture)deep neural network library(cuDNN),RATD achieves an average speedup ratio of 1.21 times in inference time across various convolution kernels,along with a 12%increase in computational resource utilization.展开更多
Neutron-induced fission is an important research object in basic science.Moreover,its product yield data are an indispensable nuclear data basis in nuclear engineering and technology.The fission yield tensor decomposi...Neutron-induced fission is an important research object in basic science.Moreover,its product yield data are an indispensable nuclear data basis in nuclear engineering and technology.The fission yield tensor decomposition(FYTD)model has been developed and used to evaluate the independent fission product yield.In general,fission yield data are verified by the direct comparison of experimental and evaluated data.However,such direct comparison cannot reflect the impact of the evaluated data on application scenarios,such as reactor transport-burnup simulation.Therefore,this study applies the evaluated fission yield data in transport-burnup simulation to verify their accuracy and possibility of application.Herein,the evaluated yield data of235U and239Pu are applied in the transport-burnup simulation of a pressurized water reactor(PWR)and sodium-cooled fast reactor(SFR)for verification.During the reactor operation stage,the errors in pin-cell reactivity caused by the evaluated fission yield do not exceed 500 and 200 pcm for the PWR and SFR,respectively.The errors in decay heat and135Xe and149Sm concentrations during the short-term shutdown of the PWR are all less than 1%;the errors in decay heat and activity of the spent fuel of the PWR and SFR during the temporary storage stage are all less than 2%.For the PWR,the errors in important nuclide concentrations in spent fuel,such as90Sr,137Cs,85Kr,and99Tc,are all less than 6%,and a larger error of 37%is observed on129I.For the SFR,the concentration errors of ten important nuclides in spent fuel are all less than 16%.A comparison of various aspects reveals that the transport-burnup simulation results using the FYTD model evaluation have little difference compared with the reference results using ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 data.This proves that the evaluation of the FYTD model may have application value in reactor physical analysis.展开更多
Multichannel audio signal is more difficult to be compressed than mono and stereo ones.A novel multichannel audio signal compression method based on tensor representation and decomposition is proposed in this paper.Th...Multichannel audio signal is more difficult to be compressed than mono and stereo ones.A novel multichannel audio signal compression method based on tensor representation and decomposition is proposed in this paper.The multichannel audio is represented with 3-order tensor space and is decomposed into core tensor with three factor matrices in the way of channel,time and frequency.Only the truncated core tensor is transmitted which will be multiplied by the pre-trained factor matrices to reconstruct the original tensor space.Objective and subjective experiments have been done to show a very noticeable compression capability with an acceptable output quality.The novelty of the proposed compression method is that it enables both high compression capability and backward compatibility with limited signal distortion to the hearing.展开更多
In air traffic and airport management,experience gained from past operations is crucial in designing appropriate strategies when facing a new scenario.Therefore,this paper uses massive spatiotemporal flight data to id...In air traffic and airport management,experience gained from past operations is crucial in designing appropriate strategies when facing a new scenario.Therefore,this paper uses massive spatiotemporal flight data to identify similar traffic and delay patterns,which become critical for gaining a better understanding of the aviation system and relevant decision-making.However,as the datasets imply complex dependence and higher-order interactions between space and time,retrieving significant features and patterns can be very challenging.In this paper,we propose a probabilistic framework for highdimensional historical flight data.We apply a latent class model and demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework using air traffic data from 224 airports in China during 2014–2017.We find that profiles of each dimension can be clearly divided into various patterns representing different regular operations.To prove the effectiveness of these patterns,we then create an estimation model that provides preliminary judgment on the airport delay level.The outcomes of this study can help airport operators and air traffic managers better understand air traffic and delay patterns according to the experience gained from historical scenarios.展开更多
Purpose:We propose In Par Ten2,a multi-aspect parallel factor analysis three-dimensional tensor decomposition algorithm based on the Apache Spark framework.The proposed method reduces re-decomposition cost and can han...Purpose:We propose In Par Ten2,a multi-aspect parallel factor analysis three-dimensional tensor decomposition algorithm based on the Apache Spark framework.The proposed method reduces re-decomposition cost and can handle large tensors.Design/methodology/approach:Considering that tensor addition increases the size of a given tensor along all axes,the proposed method decomposes incoming tensors using existing decomposition results without generating sub-tensors.Additionally,In Par Ten2 avoids the calculation of Khari–Rao products and minimizes shuffling by using the Apache Spark platform.Findings:The performance of In Par Ten2 is evaluated by comparing its execution time and accuracy with those of existing distributed tensor decomposition methods on various datasets.The results confirm that In Par Ten2 can process large tensors and reduce the re-calculation cost of tensor decomposition.Consequently,the proposed method is faster than existing tensor decomposition algorithms and can significantly reduce re-decomposition cost.Research limitations:There are several Hadoop-based distributed tensor decomposition algorithms as well as MATLAB-based decomposition methods.However,the former require longer iteration time,and therefore their execution time cannot be compared with that of Spark-based algorithms,whereas the latter run on a single machine,thus limiting their ability to handle large data.Practical implications:The proposed algorithm can reduce re-decomposition cost when tensors are added to a given tensor by decomposing them based on existing decomposition results without re-decomposing the entire tensor.Originality/value:The proposed method can handle large tensors and is fast within the limited-memory framework of Apache Spark.Moreover,In Par Ten2 can handle static as well as incremental tensor decomposition.展开更多
The traditional method of doing business has been disrupted by socialmedia. In order to develop the enterprise, it is essential to forecast the level ofinteraction that a new post would receive from social media users...The traditional method of doing business has been disrupted by socialmedia. In order to develop the enterprise, it is essential to forecast the level ofinteraction that a new post would receive from social media users. It is possiblefor the user’s interest in any one social media post to be impacted by external factors or to dwindle as a result of changes in his behaviour. The popularity detectionstrategies that are user-based or population-based are unable to keep up with theseshifts, which leads to inaccurate forecasts. This work makes a prediction abouthow popular the post will be and addresses any anomalies caused by factors outside of the study. A novel improved PARAFAC (A-PARAFAC) method that istensor factorization-based has been presented in order to cope with the user criteria that will be used in the future to rate any project. We consolidated the information on the historically popular content, and we accelerated the computation bychoosing the top contents that were most like each other. The tensor is factorisedwith the application of the Adam optimization. It has been modified such that thebias is now included in the gradient function of A-PARAFAC, and the value ofthe bias is updated after each iteration. The prediction accuracy is improved by32.25% with this strategy compared to other state of the art methods.展开更多
Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) have gained significant attention in practical applications, especially the low-altitude aerial(LAA) object detection imposes stringent requirements on recognition accuracy and computati...Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) have gained significant attention in practical applications, especially the low-altitude aerial(LAA) object detection imposes stringent requirements on recognition accuracy and computational resources. In this paper, the LAA images-oriented tensor decomposition and knowledge distillation-based network(TDKD-Net) is proposed,where the TT-format TD(tensor decomposition) and equalweighted response-based KD(knowledge distillation) methods are designed to minimize redundant parameters while ensuring comparable performance. Moreover, some robust network structures are developed, including the small object detection head and the dual-domain attention mechanism, which enable the model to leverage the learned knowledge from small-scale targets and selectively focus on salient features. Considering the imbalance of bounding box regression samples and the inaccuracy of regression geometric factors, the focal and efficient IoU(intersection of union) loss with optimal transport assignment(F-EIoU-OTA)mechanism is proposed to improve the detection accuracy. The proposed TDKD-Net is comprehensively evaluated through extensive experiments, and the results have demonstrated the effectiveness and superiority of the developed methods in comparison to other advanced detection algorithms, which also present high generalization and strong robustness. As a resource-efficient precise network, the complex detection of small and occluded LAA objects is also well addressed by TDKD-Net, which provides useful insights on handling imbalanced issues and realizing domain adaptation.展开更多
A multi spectral image compression and encryption algorithm that combines Karhunen-Loeve(KL) transform,tensor decomposition and chaos is proposed for solving the security problem of multi-spectral image compression an...A multi spectral image compression and encryption algorithm that combines Karhunen-Loeve(KL) transform,tensor decomposition and chaos is proposed for solving the security problem of multi-spectral image compression and transmission.Firstly,in order to eliminate residual spatial redundancy and most of the spectral redundancy,the image is performed by KL transform.Secondly,to further eliminate spatial redundancy and reduce block effects in the compression process,two-dimensional discrete 9/7 wavelet transform is performed,and then Arnold transform and encryption processing on the transformed coefficients are performed.Subsequently,the tensor is decomposed to keep its intrinsic structure intact and eliminate residual space redundancy.Finally,differential pulse filters are used to encode the coefficients,and Tent mapping is used to implement confusion diffusion encryption on the code stream.The experimental results show that the method has high signal-to-noise ratio,fast calculation speed,and large key space,and it is sensitive to keys and plaintexts with a positive effect in spectrum assurance at the same time.展开更多
The hardness of tensor decomposition problem has many achievements, but limited applications in cryptography, and the tensor decomposition problem has been considered to have the potential to resist quantum computing....The hardness of tensor decomposition problem has many achievements, but limited applications in cryptography, and the tensor decomposition problem has been considered to have the potential to resist quantum computing. In this paper, we firstly proposed a new variant of tensor decomposition problem, then two one-way functions are proposed based on the hard problem. Secondly we propose a key exchange protocol based on the one-way functions, then the security analysis, efficiency, recommended parameters and etc. are also given. The analyses show that our scheme has the following characteristics: easy to implement in software and hardware, security can be reduced to hard problems, and it has the potential to resist quantum computing.Besides the new key exchange can be as an alternative comparing with other classical key protocols.展开更多
Recommender system is an effective tool to solve the problems of information overload.The traditional recommender systems,especially the collaborative filtering ones,only consider the two factors of users and items.Wh...Recommender system is an effective tool to solve the problems of information overload.The traditional recommender systems,especially the collaborative filtering ones,only consider the two factors of users and items.While social networks contain abundant social information,such as tags,places and times.Researches show that the social information has a great impact on recommendation results.Tags not only describe the characteristics of items,but also reflect the interests and characteristics of users.Since the traditional recommender systems cannot parse multi-dimensional information,in this paper,a tensor decomposition model based on tag regularization is proposed which incorporates social information to benefit recommender systems.The original Singular Value Decomposition(SVD)model is optimized by mining the co-occurrence and mutual exclusion of tags,and their features are constrained by the relationship between tags.Experiments on real dataset show that the proposed algorithm achieves superior performance to existing algorithms.展开更多
With the development of Internet technology and the enhancement of people’s concept of the rule of law,online legal consultation has become an important means for the general public to conduct legal consultation.Howe...With the development of Internet technology and the enhancement of people’s concept of the rule of law,online legal consultation has become an important means for the general public to conduct legal consultation.However,different people have different language expressions and legal professional backgrounds.This phenomenon may lead to the phenomenon of different descriptions of the same legal consultation.How to accurately understand the true intentions behind different users’legal consulting statements is an important issue that needs to be solved urgently in the field of legal consulting services.Traditional intent understanding algorithms rely heavily on the lexical and semantic information between the original data,and are not scalable,and often require taxing manual annotation work.This article proposes a new approach TdBrnn which is based on the normalized tensor decomposition method and Bi-LSTM to learn users’intention to legal consulting.First,we present the users’legal consulting statements as a tensor.And then we use the normalized tensor decomposition layer proposed by this article to extract the tensor elements and structural information of the original tensor which can best represent users’intention of legal consultation,namely the core tensor.The core tensor relies less on the lexical and semantic information of the original users’legal consulting statements data,it reduces the dimension of the original tensor,and greatly reduces the computational complexity of the subsequent Bi-LSTM algorithm.Furthermore,we use a large number of core tensors obtained by the tensor decomposition layer with users’legal consulting statements tensors as inputs to continuously train Bi-LSTM,and finally derive the users’legal consultation intention classification model which can comprehensively understand the user’s legal consultation intention.Experiments show that our method has faster convergence speed and higher accuracy than traditional recurrent neural networks.展开更多
An effective method via tensor decomposition is proposed to deal with the joint direction-of-departure(DOD)and direction-of-arrival(DOA)estimation of noncircular sources in colocated coprime MIMO radar.By decomposing ...An effective method via tensor decomposition is proposed to deal with the joint direction-of-departure(DOD)and direction-of-arrival(DOA)estimation of noncircular sources in colocated coprime MIMO radar.By decomposing the transmitter and receiver into two sparse subarrays,noncircular property of source can be used to construct new extended received signal model for two sparse subarrays.The new received model can double the virtual array aperture due to the elliptic covariance of imping sources is nonzero.To further exploit the multidimensional structure of the noncircular received model,we stack the subarray output and its conjugation according to mode-1 unfolding and mode-2 unfolding of a third-order tensor,respectively.Thus,the corresponding extended tensor model consisted of noncircular information for DOA and DOD can be obtained.Then,the higher-order singular value decomposition technique is utilized to estimate the accurate signal subspace and angular parameter can be automatically paired via the rotational invariance relationship.Specifically,the ambiguous angle can be eliminated and the true targets can be achieved with the aid of the coprime property.Furthermore,a closed-form expression for the deterministic CRB under the NC sources scenario is also derived.Simulation results verify the superiority of the proposed estimator.展开更多
In many wireless scenarios,e.g.,wireless communications,radars,remote sensing,direc-tion-of-arrival(DOA)is of great significance.In this paper,by making use of electromagnetic vec-tor sensors(EVS)array,we settle the i...In many wireless scenarios,e.g.,wireless communications,radars,remote sensing,direc-tion-of-arrival(DOA)is of great significance.In this paper,by making use of electromagnetic vec-tor sensors(EVS)array,we settle the issue of two-dimensional(2D)DOA,and propose a covari-ance tensor-based estimator.First of all,a fourth-order covariance tensor is used to formulate the array covariance measurement.Then an enhanced signal subspace is obtained by utilizing the high-er-order singular value decomposition(HOSVD).Afterwards,by exploiting the rotation invariant property of the uniform array,we can acquire the elevation angles.Subsequently,we can take ad-vantage of vector cross-product technique to estimate the azimuth angles.Finally,the polarization parameters estimation can be easily completed via least squares,which may make contributions to identifying polarization state of the weak signal.Our tensor covariance algorithm can be adapted to spatially colored noise scenes,suggesting that it is more flexible than the most advanced algorithms.Numerical experiments can prove the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
The existing randomized algorithms need an initial estimation of the tubal rank to compute a tensor singular value decomposition.This paper proposes a new randomized fixed-precision algorithm which for a given third-o...The existing randomized algorithms need an initial estimation of the tubal rank to compute a tensor singular value decomposition.This paper proposes a new randomized fixed-precision algorithm which for a given third-order tensor and a prescribed approximation error bound,it automatically finds the tubal rank and corresponding low tubal rank approximation.The algorithm is based on the random projection technique and equipped with the power iteration method for achieving better accuracy.We conduct simulations on synthetic and real-world datasets to show the efficiency and performance of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
T-wave alternans(TWA)refers to the periodic beat-to-beat variation in the amplitude of T-wave in the electrocardiogram(ECG)signal in an ABAB-pattern.TWA has been proven to be a very important indicator of malignant ar...T-wave alternans(TWA)refers to the periodic beat-to-beat variation in the amplitude of T-wave in the electrocardiogram(ECG)signal in an ABAB-pattern.TWA has been proven to be a very important indicator of malignant arrhythmia risk stratification.A new method to detect TWA by combining fractional Fourier transform(FRFT)and tensor decomposition is proposed.First,the T-wave vector is extracted from the ECG of each heartbeat,and its FRFT amplitudes at multiple orders are arranged to form a T-wave matrix.Then,a third-order tensor is composed of T-wave matrices of several consecutive heart beats.After tensor decomposition,projection matrices are obtained in three dimensions.The complexity of the projection matrix is measured by Shannon entropy to obtain feature vector to detect the presence of TWA.Results show that the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the algorithm on the MIT-BIH database are 91.16%,94.25%,and 92.68%,respectively.This method effectively utilizes the fractional domain information of ECG,and shows the promising potential of the FRFT in ECG signal processing.展开更多
Recently, Mao, Zhang, Wu et al. constructed two key exchange(KE) protocols based on tensor ergodic problem(TEP). Although they conjectured that these constructions can potentially resist quantum computing attack, they...Recently, Mao, Zhang, Wu et al. constructed two key exchange(KE) protocols based on tensor ergodic problem(TEP). Although they conjectured that these constructions can potentially resist quantum computing attack, they did not provide a rigorous security proof for their KE protocols. In this paper, applying the properties of ergodic matrix, we first present a polynomial time algorithm to solve the TEP problem using O(n^6) arithmetic operations in the finite field, where n is the security parameter. Then, applying this polynomial time algorithm, we generate a common shared key for two TEP-based KE constructions, respectively. In addition, we also provide a polynomial time algorithm with O(n^6) arithmetic operations that directly recovers the plaintext from a ciphertext for the KE-based encryption scheme. Thus, the TEP-based KE protocols and their corresponding encryption schemes are insecure.展开更多
文摘Tensor canonical decomposition （shorted as CANDECOMP/PARAFAC or CP） decomposes a tensor as a sum of rank-one tensors, which finds numerous applications in signal processing, hypergraph analysis, data analysis, etc. Alternating least-squares （ALS） is one of the most popular numerical algorithms for solving it. While there have been lots of efforts for enhancing its efficiency, in general its convergence can not been guaranteed. In this paper, we cooperate the ALS and the trust-region technique from optimization field to generate a trust-region-based alternating least-squares （TRALS） method for CP. Under mild assumptions, we prove that the whole iterative sequence generated by TRALS converges to a stationary point of CP. This thus provides a reasonable way to alleviate the swamps, the notorious phenomena of ALS that slow down the speed of the algorithm. Moreover, the trust region itself, in contrast to the regularization alternating least-squares （RALS） method, provides a self-adaptive way in choosing the parameter, which is essential for the efficiency of the algorithm. Our theoretical result is thus stronger than that of RALS in [26], which only proved the cluster point of the iterative sequence generated by RALS is a stationary point. In order to accelerate the new algorithm, we adopt an extrapolation scheme. We apply our algorithm to the amino acid fluorescence data decomposition from chemometrics, BCM decomposition and rank-（Lr, Lr, 1） decomposition arising from signal processing, and compare it with ALS and RALS. The numerical results show that TRALS is superior to ALS and RALS, both from the number of iterations and CPU time perspectives.
基金supported in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Project 62166047in part by the Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Natural Rubber Intelligent Monitor and Digital Applications under Grant 202403AP140001in part by the Xingdian Talent Support Program under Grant YNWR-QNBJ-2019-270.
文摘The era of big data brings new challenges for information network systems(INS),simultaneously offering unprecedented opportunities for advancing intelligent intrusion detection systems.In this work,we propose a data-driven intrusion detection system for Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attack detection.The system focuses on intrusion detection from a big data perceptive.As intelligent information processing methods,big data and artificial intelligence have been widely used in information systems.The INS system is an important information system in cyberspace.In advanced INS systems,the network architectures have become more complex.And the smart devices in INS systems collect a large scale of network data.How to improve the performance of a complex intrusion detection system with big data and artificial intelligence is a big challenge.To address the problem,we design a novel intrusion detection system(IDS)from a big data perspective.The IDS system uses tensors to represent large-scale and complex multi-source network data in a unified tensor.Then,a novel tensor decomposition(TD)method is developed to complete big data mining.The TD method seamlessly collaborates with the XGBoost(eXtreme Gradient Boosting)method to complete the intrusion detection.To verify the proposed IDS system,a series of experiments is conducted on two real network datasets.The results revealed that the proposed IDS system attained an impressive accuracy rate over 98%.Additionally,by altering the scale of the datasets,the proposed IDS system still maintains excellent detection performance,which demonstrates the proposed IDS system’s robustness.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2023YFB2903904。
文摘Heterogeneous graphs generally refer to graphs with different types of nodes and edges.A common approach for extracting useful information from heterogeneous graphs is to use meta-graphs,which can be seen as a special kind of directed acyclic graph with same node and edge types as the heterogeneous graph.However,how to design proper metagraphs is challenging.Recently,there have been many works on learning suitable metagraphs from a heterogeneous graph.Existing methods generally introduce continuous weights for edges that are independent of each other,which ignores the topological structures of meta-graphs and can be ineffective.To address this issue,the authors propose a new viewpoint from tensor on learning meta-graphs.Such a viewpoint not only helps interpret the limitation of existing works by CANDECOMP/PARAFAC(CP)decomposition,but also inspires us to propose a topology-aware tensor decomposition,called TENSUS,that reflects the structure of DAGs.The proposed topology-aware tensor decomposition is easy to use and simple to implement,and it can be taken as a plug-in part to upgrade many existing works,including node classification and recommendation on heterogeneous graphs.Experimental results on different tasks demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve the state-of-the-arts for all these tasks.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04076)the Guangxi Key Research and Development Projects of China(GuikeAB21238004)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program.
文摘When plants respond to drought stress,dynamic cellular changes occur,accompanied by alterations in gene expression,which often act through trans-regulation.However,the detection of trans-acting genetic variants and networks of genes is challenged by the large number of genes and markers.Using a tensor decomposition method,we identify trans-acting expression quantitative trait loci(trans-eQTLs)linked to gene modules,rather than individual genes,which were associated with maize drought response.Module-to-trait association analysis demonstrates that half of the modules are relevant to drought-related traits.Genome-wide association studies of the expression patterns of each module identify 286 trans-eQTLs linked to drought-responsive modules,the majority of which cannot be detected based on individual gene expression.Notably,the trans-eQTLs located in the regions selected during maize improvement tend towards relatively strong selection.We further prioritize the genes that affect the transcriptional regulation of multiple genes in trans,as exemplified by two transcription factor genes.Our analyses highlight that multidimensional reduction could facilitate the identification of trans-acting variations in gene expression in response to dynamic environments and serve as a promising technique for high-order data processing in future crop breeding.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2022ZD0119003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61834005).
文摘To enhance the inference efficiency of convolutional neural network(CNN),tensor parallelism is employed to improve the parallelism within operators.However,existing methods are customized to specific networks and hardware,limiting their generalizability.This paper proposes an approach called resource-adaptive tensor decomposition(RATD)for CNN operators,which aims to achieve an optimal match between computational resources and parallel computing tasks.Firstly,CNN is represented with fine-grained tensors at the lower graph level,thereby decoupling tensors that can be computed in parallel within operators.Secondly,the convolution and pooling operators are fused,and the decoupled tensor blocks are scheduled in parallel.Finally,a cost model is constructed,based on runtime and resource utilization,to iteratively refine the process of tensor block decomposition and automatically determine the optimal tensor decomposition.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RATD improves the accuracy of the model by 11%.Compared with CUDA(compute unified device architecture)deep neural network library(cuDNN),RATD achieves an average speedup ratio of 1.21 times in inference time across various convolution kernels,along with a 12%increase in computational resource utilization.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11875328,12075327 and 12105170)the Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data foundation(No.JCKY2022201C157)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University(No.22lgqb39)the Open Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Technology(No.NLK2020-02).
文摘Neutron-induced fission is an important research object in basic science.Moreover,its product yield data are an indispensable nuclear data basis in nuclear engineering and technology.The fission yield tensor decomposition(FYTD)model has been developed and used to evaluate the independent fission product yield.In general,fission yield data are verified by the direct comparison of experimental and evaluated data.However,such direct comparison cannot reflect the impact of the evaluated data on application scenarios,such as reactor transport-burnup simulation.Therefore,this study applies the evaluated fission yield data in transport-burnup simulation to verify their accuracy and possibility of application.Herein,the evaluated yield data of235U and239Pu are applied in the transport-burnup simulation of a pressurized water reactor(PWR)and sodium-cooled fast reactor(SFR)for verification.During the reactor operation stage,the errors in pin-cell reactivity caused by the evaluated fission yield do not exceed 500 and 200 pcm for the PWR and SFR,respectively.The errors in decay heat and135Xe and149Sm concentrations during the short-term shutdown of the PWR are all less than 1%;the errors in decay heat and activity of the spent fuel of the PWR and SFR during the temporary storage stage are all less than 2%.For the PWR,the errors in important nuclide concentrations in spent fuel,such as90Sr,137Cs,85Kr,and99Tc,are all less than 6%,and a larger error of 37%is observed on129I.For the SFR,the concentration errors of ten important nuclides in spent fuel are all less than 16%.A comparison of various aspects reveals that the transport-burnup simulation results using the FYTD model evaluation have little difference compared with the reference results using ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 data.This proves that the evaluation of the FYTD model may have application value in reactor physical analysis.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.11161140319,No.61001188，the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant No.20101101110020，the Fund for Basic Research from Beijing Institute of Technology under Grant No.20120542011，the Fund for Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project under Grant No.YETP1202
文摘Multichannel audio signal is more difficult to be compressed than mono and stereo ones.A novel multichannel audio signal compression method based on tensor representation and decomposition is proposed in this paper.The multichannel audio is represented with 3-order tensor space and is decomposed into core tensor with three factor matrices in the way of channel,time and frequency.Only the truncated core tensor is transmitted which will be multiplied by the pre-trained factor matrices to reconstruct the original tensor space.Objective and subjective experiments have been done to show a very noticeable compression capability with an acceptable output quality.The novelty of the proposed compression method is that it enables both high compression capability and backward compatibility with limited signal distortion to the hearing.
基金This paper is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFF0301400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61671031,61722102,and 61961146005).
文摘In air traffic and airport management,experience gained from past operations is crucial in designing appropriate strategies when facing a new scenario.Therefore,this paper uses massive spatiotemporal flight data to identify similar traffic and delay patterns,which become critical for gaining a better understanding of the aviation system and relevant decision-making.However,as the datasets imply complex dependence and higher-order interactions between space and time,retrieving significant features and patterns can be very challenging.In this paper,we propose a probabilistic framework for highdimensional historical flight data.We apply a latent class model and demonstrate the effectiveness of this framework using air traffic data from 224 airports in China during 2014–2017.We find that profiles of each dimension can be clearly divided into various patterns representing different regular operations.To prove the effectiveness of these patterns,we then create an estimation model that provides preliminary judgment on the airport delay level.The outcomes of this study can help airport operators and air traffic managers better understand air traffic and delay patterns according to the experience gained from historical scenarios.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2016R1D1A1B03931529)。
文摘Purpose:We propose In Par Ten2,a multi-aspect parallel factor analysis three-dimensional tensor decomposition algorithm based on the Apache Spark framework.The proposed method reduces re-decomposition cost and can handle large tensors.Design/methodology/approach:Considering that tensor addition increases the size of a given tensor along all axes,the proposed method decomposes incoming tensors using existing decomposition results without generating sub-tensors.Additionally,In Par Ten2 avoids the calculation of Khari–Rao products and minimizes shuffling by using the Apache Spark platform.Findings:The performance of In Par Ten2 is evaluated by comparing its execution time and accuracy with those of existing distributed tensor decomposition methods on various datasets.The results confirm that In Par Ten2 can process large tensors and reduce the re-calculation cost of tensor decomposition.Consequently,the proposed method is faster than existing tensor decomposition algorithms and can significantly reduce re-decomposition cost.Research limitations:There are several Hadoop-based distributed tensor decomposition algorithms as well as MATLAB-based decomposition methods.However,the former require longer iteration time,and therefore their execution time cannot be compared with that of Spark-based algorithms,whereas the latter run on a single machine,thus limiting their ability to handle large data.Practical implications:The proposed algorithm can reduce re-decomposition cost when tensors are added to a given tensor by decomposing them based on existing decomposition results without re-decomposing the entire tensor.Originality/value:The proposed method can handle large tensors and is fast within the limited-memory framework of Apache Spark.Moreover,In Par Ten2 can handle static as well as incremental tensor decomposition.
文摘The traditional method of doing business has been disrupted by socialmedia. In order to develop the enterprise, it is essential to forecast the level ofinteraction that a new post would receive from social media users. It is possiblefor the user’s interest in any one social media post to be impacted by external factors or to dwindle as a result of changes in his behaviour. The popularity detectionstrategies that are user-based or population-based are unable to keep up with theseshifts, which leads to inaccurate forecasts. This work makes a prediction abouthow popular the post will be and addresses any anomalies caused by factors outside of the study. A novel improved PARAFAC (A-PARAFAC) method that istensor factorization-based has been presented in order to cope with the user criteria that will be used in the future to rate any project. We consolidated the information on the historically popular content, and we accelerated the computation bychoosing the top contents that were most like each other. The tensor is factorisedwith the application of the Adam optimization. It has been modified such that thebias is now included in the gradient function of A-PARAFAC, and the value ofthe bias is updated after each iteration. The prediction accuracy is improved by32.25% with this strategy compared to other state of the art methods.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62073271)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of the Fujian Province of China (2023J06010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(20720220076)。
文摘Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) have gained significant attention in practical applications, especially the low-altitude aerial(LAA) object detection imposes stringent requirements on recognition accuracy and computational resources. In this paper, the LAA images-oriented tensor decomposition and knowledge distillation-based network(TDKD-Net) is proposed,where the TT-format TD(tensor decomposition) and equalweighted response-based KD(knowledge distillation) methods are designed to minimize redundant parameters while ensuring comparable performance. Moreover, some robust network structures are developed, including the small object detection head and the dual-domain attention mechanism, which enable the model to leverage the learned knowledge from small-scale targets and selectively focus on salient features. Considering the imbalance of bounding box regression samples and the inaccuracy of regression geometric factors, the focal and efficient IoU(intersection of union) loss with optimal transport assignment(F-EIoU-OTA)mechanism is proposed to improve the detection accuracy. The proposed TDKD-Net is comprehensively evaluated through extensive experiments, and the results have demonstrated the effectiveness and superiority of the developed methods in comparison to other advanced detection algorithms, which also present high generalization and strong robustness. As a resource-efficient precise network, the complex detection of small and occluded LAA objects is also well addressed by TDKD-Net, which provides useful insights on handling imbalanced issues and realizing domain adaptation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61801455)。
文摘A multi spectral image compression and encryption algorithm that combines Karhunen-Loeve(KL) transform,tensor decomposition and chaos is proposed for solving the security problem of multi-spectral image compression and transmission.Firstly,in order to eliminate residual spatial redundancy and most of the spectral redundancy,the image is performed by KL transform.Secondly,to further eliminate spatial redundancy and reduce block effects in the compression process,two-dimensional discrete 9/7 wavelet transform is performed,and then Arnold transform and encryption processing on the transformed coefficients are performed.Subsequently,the tensor is decomposed to keep its intrinsic structure intact and eliminate residual space redundancy.Finally,differential pulse filters are used to encode the coefficients,and Tent mapping is used to implement confusion diffusion encryption on the code stream.The experimental results show that the method has high signal-to-noise ratio,fast calculation speed,and large key space,and it is sensitive to keys and plaintexts with a positive effect in spectrum assurance at the same time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61303212,61170080,61202386)the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(Grant Nos.61332019,U1135004)+2 种基金the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91018008)Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program)(No.2014CB340600)the Hubei Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2011CDB453,2014CFB440)
文摘The hardness of tensor decomposition problem has many achievements, but limited applications in cryptography, and the tensor decomposition problem has been considered to have the potential to resist quantum computing. In this paper, we firstly proposed a new variant of tensor decomposition problem, then two one-way functions are proposed based on the hard problem. Secondly we propose a key exchange protocol based on the one-way functions, then the security analysis, efficiency, recommended parameters and etc. are also given. The analyses show that our scheme has the following characteristics: easy to implement in software and hardware, security can be reduced to hard problems, and it has the potential to resist quantum computing.Besides the new key exchange can be as an alternative comparing with other classical key protocols.
基金the following grants:The National Key Research andDevelopment Program of China(No.2019YFB1404602,X.D.Zhang)The Natural Science Foundationof the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.17KJB520017,Z.B.Sun)+2 种基金The YoungTeachers Training Project of Nanjing Audit University(No.19QNPY017,Z.B.Sun)The OpeningProject of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Data Science and Smart Software(No.2018DS301,H.F.Guo,Jinling Institute of Technology)Funded by Government Audit Research Foundation of Nanjing Audit University.
文摘Recommender system is an effective tool to solve the problems of information overload.The traditional recommender systems,especially the collaborative filtering ones,only consider the two factors of users and items.While social networks contain abundant social information,such as tags,places and times.Researches show that the social information has a great impact on recommendation results.Tags not only describe the characteristics of items,but also reflect the interests and characteristics of users.Since the traditional recommender systems cannot parse multi-dimensional information,in this paper,a tensor decomposition model based on tag regularization is proposed which incorporates social information to benefit recommender systems.The original Singular Value Decomposition(SVD)model is optimized by mining the co-occurrence and mutual exclusion of tags,and their features are constrained by the relationship between tags.Experiments on real dataset show that the proposed algorithm achieves superior performance to existing algorithms.
基金This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0830602,2016QY03D0501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61872111).
文摘With the development of Internet technology and the enhancement of people’s concept of the rule of law,online legal consultation has become an important means for the general public to conduct legal consultation.However,different people have different language expressions and legal professional backgrounds.This phenomenon may lead to the phenomenon of different descriptions of the same legal consultation.How to accurately understand the true intentions behind different users’legal consulting statements is an important issue that needs to be solved urgently in the field of legal consulting services.Traditional intent understanding algorithms rely heavily on the lexical and semantic information between the original data,and are not scalable,and often require taxing manual annotation work.This article proposes a new approach TdBrnn which is based on the normalized tensor decomposition method and Bi-LSTM to learn users’intention to legal consulting.First,we present the users’legal consulting statements as a tensor.And then we use the normalized tensor decomposition layer proposed by this article to extract the tensor elements and structural information of the original tensor which can best represent users’intention of legal consultation,namely the core tensor.The core tensor relies less on the lexical and semantic information of the original users’legal consulting statements data,it reduces the dimension of the original tensor,and greatly reduces the computational complexity of the subsequent Bi-LSTM algorithm.Furthermore,we use a large number of core tensors obtained by the tensor decomposition layer with users’legal consulting statements tensors as inputs to continuously train Bi-LSTM,and finally derive the users’legal consultation intention classification model which can comprehensively understand the user’s legal consultation intention.Experiments show that our method has faster convergence speed and higher accuracy than traditional recurrent neural networks.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61701507,61890542,and 61890540).
文摘An effective method via tensor decomposition is proposed to deal with the joint direction-of-departure(DOD)and direction-of-arrival(DOA)estimation of noncircular sources in colocated coprime MIMO radar.By decomposing the transmitter and receiver into two sparse subarrays,noncircular property of source can be used to construct new extended received signal model for two sparse subarrays.The new received model can double the virtual array aperture due to the elliptic covariance of imping sources is nonzero.To further exploit the multidimensional structure of the noncircular received model,we stack the subarray output and its conjugation according to mode-1 unfolding and mode-2 unfolding of a third-order tensor,respectively.Thus,the corresponding extended tensor model consisted of noncircular information for DOA and DOD can be obtained.Then,the higher-order singular value decomposition technique is utilized to estimate the accurate signal subspace and angular parameter can be automatically paired via the rotational invariance relationship.Specifically,the ambiguous angle can be eliminated and the true targets can be achieved with the aid of the coprime property.Furthermore,a closed-form expression for the deterministic CRB under the NC sources scenario is also derived.Simulation results verify the superiority of the proposed estimator.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61701046,61871218 and 62071476).
文摘In many wireless scenarios,e.g.,wireless communications,radars,remote sensing,direc-tion-of-arrival(DOA)is of great significance.In this paper,by making use of electromagnetic vec-tor sensors(EVS)array,we settle the issue of two-dimensional(2D)DOA,and propose a covari-ance tensor-based estimator.First of all,a fourth-order covariance tensor is used to formulate the array covariance measurement.Then an enhanced signal subspace is obtained by utilizing the high-er-order singular value decomposition(HOSVD).Afterwards,by exploiting the rotation invariant property of the uniform array,we can acquire the elevation angles.Subsequently,we can take ad-vantage of vector cross-product technique to estimate the azimuth angles.Finally,the polarization parameters estimation can be easily completed via least squares,which may make contributions to identifying polarization state of the weak signal.Our tensor covariance algorithm can be adapted to spatially colored noise scenes,suggesting that it is more flexible than the most advanced algorithms.Numerical experiments can prove the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation(Grant 075.10.2021.068).
文摘The existing randomized algorithms need an initial estimation of the tubal rank to compute a tensor singular value decomposition.This paper proposes a new randomized fixed-precision algorithm which for a given third-order tensor and a prescribed approximation error bound,it automatically finds the tubal rank and corresponding low tubal rank approximation.The algorithm is based on the random projection technique and equipped with the power iteration method for achieving better accuracy.We conduct simulations on synthetic and real-world datasets to show the efficiency and performance of the proposed algorithm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Found-ation of China(No.61701028).
文摘T-wave alternans(TWA)refers to the periodic beat-to-beat variation in the amplitude of T-wave in the electrocardiogram(ECG)signal in an ABAB-pattern.TWA has been proven to be a very important indicator of malignant arrhythmia risk stratification.A new method to detect TWA by combining fractional Fourier transform(FRFT)and tensor decomposition is proposed.First,the T-wave vector is extracted from the ECG of each heartbeat,and its FRFT amplitudes at multiple orders are arranged to form a T-wave matrix.Then,a third-order tensor is composed of T-wave matrices of several consecutive heart beats.After tensor decomposition,projection matrices are obtained in three dimensions.The complexity of the projection matrix is measured by Shannon entropy to obtain feature vector to detect the presence of TWA.Results show that the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the algorithm on the MIT-BIH database are 91.16%,94.25%,and 92.68%,respectively.This method effectively utilizes the fractional domain information of ECG,and shows the promising potential of the FRFT in ECG signal processing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61672270,61602216,61702236)the Qing Lan Project for Young Researchers of Jiangsu Province of China(No.KYQ14004)+1 种基金the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Information Security,Institute of Information Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2015-MSB-10)Jiangsu Overseas Research&Training Program for University Prominent Young&Middle-aged Teachers and Presidents,Changzhou Sci&Tech Program,(Grant No.CJ20179027)
文摘Recently, Mao, Zhang, Wu et al. constructed two key exchange(KE) protocols based on tensor ergodic problem(TEP). Although they conjectured that these constructions can potentially resist quantum computing attack, they did not provide a rigorous security proof for their KE protocols. In this paper, applying the properties of ergodic matrix, we first present a polynomial time algorithm to solve the TEP problem using O(n^6) arithmetic operations in the finite field, where n is the security parameter. Then, applying this polynomial time algorithm, we generate a common shared key for two TEP-based KE constructions, respectively. In addition, we also provide a polynomial time algorithm with O(n^6) arithmetic operations that directly recovers the plaintext from a ciphertext for the KE-based encryption scheme. Thus, the TEP-based KE protocols and their corresponding encryption schemes are insecure.
