Introduction: Misconceptions are associated with the teething process in Nigeria and is often blamed for symptoms in infants. A horrendous incident occurred in Nigeria in 2008 which recorded 84 infant deaths due to co...Introduction: Misconceptions are associated with the teething process in Nigeria and is often blamed for symptoms in infants. A horrendous incident occurred in Nigeria in 2008 which recorded 84 infant deaths due to consumption of adulterated teething syrup to prevent teething problems. In the quest to engage the populace, particularly mothers, in health education to change this erroneous mindset about teething, it will be necessary and more cost effective to involve Traditional Birth Attendants (TBA’s) who can be invaluable in assisting to dispel myths associated teething as they live and work among the local populace and many times give counsel to mothers. Aim: To assess the attitude and beliefs of TBA’s in Ibadan, to teething in infants. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among TBA’s in Ibadan, Nigeria. A thirteen item interviewer administered questionnaire was distributed to all 163 TBA’s in the five urban local government areas who agreed to be part of the study. Results: Over half of the respondents (59.5%) and (55.8%) associated the teething process with fever and diarrhea respectively. Other beliefs included boils (49.1%), loss of appetite (48.5%), weight loss (44.2%), and sleeplessness (42.3%). A greater proportion of the older and less educated TBA’s associated teething with fever, diarrhea, boils, loss of appetite and weight loss. The respondents would advise analgesics (55.8%), teething powder (67.5%), antibiotics (12.3%), concoctions (4.3%) and sedatives (4.3%) as teething remedies. There was a greater tendency for less educated TBA’s to advise the use of concoctions?and antibiotics. Conclusion: The study reveals grave misconceptions among TBA’s who in developing countries like Nigeria give counsel to mothers in the various communities. There is an urgent need for health education to the TBA’s particularly the older and less educated ones.展开更多
“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging...“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging of the human brain is characterized by a progressive decline of its functional capacity;this decline however varies widely,and cognitive longevity differs substantially between individuals.展开更多
Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction...Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth;evaluation of the root surface,endodontic manipulation,and repair;and placement of the tooth back into its original socket.Case reports,case series,cohort studies,and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ITR in the retention of natural teeth that are untreatable or difficult to manage with root canal treatment or endodontic microsurgery.However,variations in clinical protocols for ITR exist due to the empirical nature of the original protocols and rapid advancements in the field of oral biology and dental materials.This heterogeneity in protocols may cause confusion among dental practitioners;therefore,guidelines and considerations for ITR should be explicated.This expert consensus discusses the biological foundation of ITR,the available clinical protocols and current status of ITR in treating teeth with refractory apical periodontitis or anatomical aberration,and the main complications of this treatment,aiming to refine the clinical management of ITR in accordance with the progress of basic research and clinical studies;the findings suggest that ITR may become a more consistent evidence-based option in dental treatment.展开更多
Percussion drilling technology can be used to increase the rate of penetration in deep shale reservoirs,but the interaction mechanism among impact loads,drilling teeth and rock has not been sufficiently investigated.F...Percussion drilling technology can be used to increase the rate of penetration in deep shale reservoirs,but the interaction mechanism among impact loads,drilling teeth and rock has not been sufficiently investigated.For this reason,shales with different bedding angles are used to carry out impact compression and tensile experiments as well as the rock-breaking experiments by single axe-shaped tooth,the variation of dynamic strengths,rock failure characteristics,fractal dimensions,and tensile/compression ratios under different load-bedding angles(α)are investigated.Then,the three-dimensional scanning device is used to measure the penetration depth and rock-breaking volume under different load-bedding angles.The results show that with the increase of load-bedding angle(0°-90°),the compressive strength decreases and then increases,with the lowest strength atα=45°and the highest strength atα=0°;the tensile strength decreases and then increases,with the lowest strength nearα=30°and the highest strength atα=90°.With the growing impact rate,the effect of load-bedding angle on dynamic compressive strength decreases,and the effect on dynamic tensile strength becomes more significant.When the impact velocity is high(≥8.0 m/s),the tensile-compressive ratio first decreases and then increases,and both reach a minimum at a load-bedding angle of 30°and a maximum at 60°.With the increasing of the load-bedding angle,the depth of tooth penetration increases and then decreases,and the highest depth of tooth penetration and the highest energy absorption efficiency are achieved atα=45°;the width of the impact pit increases and then decreases,and the maximum width value is achieved atα=30°,with the smallest value of the specific work value of the rock-breaking.The results have significant reference value for improving the rock-breaking efficiency of percussion drilling in deep anisotropic formations.展开更多
The instance segmentation of impacted teeth in the oral panoramic X-ray images is hotly researched.However,due to the complex structure,low contrast,and complex background of teeth in panoramic X-ray images,the task o...The instance segmentation of impacted teeth in the oral panoramic X-ray images is hotly researched.However,due to the complex structure,low contrast,and complex background of teeth in panoramic X-ray images,the task of instance segmentation is technically tricky.In this study,the contrast between impacted Teeth and periodontal tissues such as gingiva,periodontalmembrane,and alveolar bone is low,resulting in fuzzy boundaries of impacted teeth.Amodel based on Teeth YOLACT is proposed to provide amore efficient and accurate solution for the segmentation of impacted teeth in oral panoramic X-ray films.Firstly,a Multi-scale Res-Transformer Module(MRTM)is designed.In the module,depthwise separable convolutions with different receptive fields are used to enhance the sensitivity of the model to lesion size.Additionally,the Vision Transformer is integrated to improve the model’s ability to perceive global features.Secondly,the Context Interaction-awareness Module(CIaM)is designed to fuse deep and shallow features.The deep semantic features guide the shallow spatial features.Then,the shallow spatial features are embedded into the deep semantic features,and the cross-weighted attention mechanism is used to aggregate the deep and shallow features efficiently,and richer context information is obtained.Thirdly,the Edge-preserving perceptionModule(E2PM)is designed to enhance the teeth edge features.The first-order differential operator is used to get the tooth edge weight,and the perception ability of tooth edge features is improved.The shallow spatial feature is fused by linear mapping,weight concatenation,and matrix multiplication operations to preserve the tooth edge information.Finally,comparison experiments and ablation experiments are conducted on the oral panoramic X-ray image datasets.The results show that the APdet,APseg,ARdet,ARseg,mAPdet,and mAPseg indicators of the proposed model are 89.9%,91.9%,77.4%,77.6%,72.8%,and 73.5%,respectively.This study further verifies the application potential of the method combining multi-scale feature extraction,multi-scale feature fusion,and edge perception enhancement in medical image segmentation,which provides a valuable reference for future related research.展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical effect of improved incision in the extraction of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth.Methods:160 patients who were treated in our hospital from October,2024 to April,2025 and had their m...Objective:To explore the clinical effect of improved incision in the extraction of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth.Methods:160 patients who were treated in our hospital from October,2024 to April,2025 and had their mandibular impacted wisdom teeth removed according to the doctor’s advice were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The observation group used modified incision,while the control group used traditional triangular incision.The operation time,intraoperative visual analogue scale(VAS)pain score,pain VAS score on the 1st,2nd and 3rd day after operation,facial swelling on the 2nd day after operation,mouth opening limitation on the 2nd day after operation and the incidence of dry socket after operation were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in operation time between the two groups(p>0.05).The VAS score of pain in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group at each time point during and after operation(p<0.05).On the second day after operation,the facial swelling and mouth opening limitation in the observation group were significantly lighter than those in the control group(p<0.05).The incidence of dry socket in the observation group was 1.25%(1/80),which was significantly lower than that in the control group(8.75%,7/80),and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusion:The application of modified triangular incision in the extraction of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth can effectively relieve the pain during and after operation,reduce postoperative facial swelling and mouth opening limitation,and reduce the incidence of dry socket.展开更多
Tooth cracks may occur in spiral bevel gear transmission system of the aerospace equipment.In this study,an accurate and efficient loaded tooth contact analysis(LTCA)model is developed to predict the contact behavior ...Tooth cracks may occur in spiral bevel gear transmission system of the aerospace equipment.In this study,an accurate and efficient loaded tooth contact analysis(LTCA)model is developed to predict the contact behavior and time-varying meshing stiffness(TVMS)of spiral bevel gear pair with cracked tooth.The tooth is sliced,and the contact points on slices are computed using roll angle surfaces.Considering the geometric complexity of crack surface,a set of procedures is formulated to generate spatial crack and determine crack parameters for contact points.According to the positional relationship between contact point and crack path,each sliced tooth is modeled as a non-uniform cantilever beam with varying reduced effective load-bearing tooth thickness.Then the compliance model of the cracked tooth is established to perform contact analysis,along with TVMS calculations utilizing three different models.By employing spiral bevel gear pairs with distinct types of cracks as examples,the accuracy and efficiency of the developed approach are validated via comparative analyses with finite element analysis(FEA)outcomes.Furthermore,the investigation on effects of cracks shows that tooth cracks can induce alterations in meshing performance of both entire gear pair and individual tooth pairs,including not only cracked tooth pair but also adjacent non-cracked tooth pairs.Hence,the proposed model can serve as a useful tool for analyzing the variations in contact behavior and meshing stiffness of spiral bevel gears due to different cracks.展开更多
The connection efficiency of composite pre-tightened multi-tooth joint is low because of uneven load distribution and single load transmission path.In this paper,based on the principle of bio-tooth(suture)structure,co...The connection efficiency of composite pre-tightened multi-tooth joint is low because of uneven load distribution and single load transmission path.In this paper,based on the principle of bio-tooth(suture)structure,combining soft material with fractal,a composite pre-tightened multi-hierarchy tooth joint is proposed,and the bearing performance and failure process of the joint through experiments and finite element method under tensile load.First,the ultimate bearing capacity,load distribution ratio,and failure process of different hierarchies of teeth joints are studied through experiments.Then,the progressive damage models of different hierarchies of tooth joints are established,and experiments verify the validity of the finite element model.Finally,the effects of soft material and increasing tooth hierarchy on the failure process and bearing capacity of composite pre-tightened tooth joints are analyzed by the finite element method.The following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The embedding of soft materials changed the failure process of the joint.Increasing the tooth hierarchy can give the joint more load transfer paths,but the failure process of the joint is complicated.(2)Embedding soft materials and increasing the tooth hierarchy simultaneously can effectively improve the bearing capacity of composite pre-tightened tooth joints,which is 87.8%higher than that of traditional three-tooth joints.展开更多
This paper deeply discusses the causes of gear howling noise,the identification and analysis of multi-source excitation,the transmission path of dynamic noise,simulation and experimental research,case analysis,optimiz...This paper deeply discusses the causes of gear howling noise,the identification and analysis of multi-source excitation,the transmission path of dynamic noise,simulation and experimental research,case analysis,optimization effect,etc.,aiming to better provide a certain guideline and reference for relevant researchers.展开更多
Three eusauropod teeth(SDUST-V1064,PMOL-AD00176,PMOL-ADt0005)are reported from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Ningcheng,southeastern Inner Mongolia,China.Two of them(SDUST-V1064,PMOL-AD00176)are assigned to ...Three eusauropod teeth(SDUST-V1064,PMOL-AD00176,PMOL-ADt0005)are reported from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Ningcheng,southeastern Inner Mongolia,China.Two of them(SDUST-V1064,PMOL-AD00176)are assigned to early-diverging titanosauriforms in having slightly mesiodistal expansion at the base of the tooth crown,a slenderness index value>2.0 and<4.0,and D-shaped cross section.Furthermore,SDUST-V1064 and PMOL-AD00176 are referred as an Euhelopus-like titanosauriform on the basis of having a sub-circular boss on the lingual surface and an asymmetrical crown-root margin which slants apically,respectively.CT scan data of SDUST-V1064 reveals new dental information of early-diverging titanosauriforms,for example,the enamel on the labial side thicker than that on the lingual side,an enamel/dentine ratio of 0.26 and a boss present on the lingual side of the dentine of the crown.展开更多
BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral h...BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral health status of pregnant women.AIM To investigate whether personalized oral hygiene management enhances the oral health status of pregnant women.METHODS A total of 114 pregnant women who were examined at Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were divided into four groups:High-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≥2;received personalized oral hygiene management training),low-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≤1;received oral health education),high-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≥2),and low-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≤1).No hygiene intervention was provided to control groups.CAT scores at different times were compared using independent samples t-test and least significant difference t-test.RESULTS No significant difference in baseline CAT scores was observed between the experimental and control groups,either in the high-risk or low-risk groups.CAT scores were reduced significantly after 3(1.74±0.47 vs 2.50±0.38,P<0.0001)and 6 months(0.53±0.50 vs 2.45±0.42,P<0.0001)of personalized oral hygiene management intervention but not after oral health education alone(0.43±0.39 vs 0.46±0.33,P>0.05 and 0.45±0.36 vs 0.57±0.32,P>0.05,respectively).Within groups,the decrease in CAT scores was significant(2.43±0.44 vs 1.74±0.47 vs 0.53±0.50,P<0.0001)for only the high-risk experimental group.CONCLUSION Personalized oral hygiene management is effective in improving the oral health of pregnant women and can improve pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the general population.展开更多
BACKGROUND Tooth defects can cause elongation of occlusal teeth,leading to insufficient repair space.The combination of dental implant restoration and orthodontic treatment of oblique adjacent teeth has a significant ...BACKGROUND Tooth defects can cause elongation of occlusal teeth,leading to insufficient repair space.The combination of dental implant restoration and orthodontic treatment of oblique adjacent teeth has a significant therapeutic effect.AIM To explore clinical efficacy,bone density,and follow-up of implant and orthodontic treatment for patients with inclined adjacent teeth.METHODS In total,98 patients with oblique adjacent teeth were randomly assigned to implant restoration combined with orthodontic treatment(group A,n=49)or to receive implant restoration alone(group B,n=49).Changes in alveolar ridge bone density and apical bone density were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.Changes in chewing function and language function were compared between the two groups of patients.Follow-up lasted for 12 mo after repair to observe any adverse reactions in the oral cavity.RESULTS The clinical effective rates of group A and group B were 97.96%and 85.71%,respectively,with group A having a higher clinical effective rate than group B.After treatment,the bone density of the alveolar ridge and apical bone in both groups decreased compared to before treatment,while the chewing and language functions improved.The changes in various indicators in group A were more significant.After treatment,the satisfaction rate of group A(97.96%)was higher than that of group B(79.59%).The incidence of adverse reactions in group A(2.04%)was lower than that in group B(24.49%).CONCLUSION The amalgamation of implant restoration and orthodontic treatment for adjacent tilted teeth demonstrates notable clinical efficacy,diminishes alveolar bone resorption,and fosters patient functional rehabilitation while exhibiting negligible adverse reactions.展开更多
Background: Taurodontism is one of the most significant deviations from the normal tooth morphology affecting the molars in both primary and permanent dentition. Taurodontism refers to the Enlargement of the pulp cham...Background: Taurodontism is one of the most significant deviations from the normal tooth morphology affecting the molars in both primary and permanent dentition. Taurodontism refers to the Enlargement of the pulp chamber, resulting in its bifurcation pushed toward the apex of a tooth’s root. This study evaluated the prevalence of Taurodontism from radiographs taken at the University of Ghana Dental School Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, panoramic and periapical radiographs of 1000 randomly selected patients who visited the Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Radiographs were evaluated for apically displaced pulp chamber. Data was statistically evaluated, and the chi-square test was employed to assess the prevalence of taurodontism in the upper and lower jaws (p Results: Taurodontism was found in 171 radiographs giving it a prevalence of 17.1% of which 57% (98 radiographs) were from females and 43% (73 radiographs) were from males. This finding was not significant (p > 0.05). Taurodontism occurred more in the maxilla (289 teeth, 80.7%) compared to the mandible molars (186 teeth, 64.3%) giving it a ratio of 1.6:1. This finding was highly significant (p Conclusion: Taurodontism is relatively common in the Ghanaian population affecting more females compared to males according to this study. Further studies using a large sample need to be carried out to determine its incidence in the general community.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Dental anomalies are variations from the established well-known general anatomy and morphology of the tooth as a result of disturbances during tooth formation. They can be developmental, congenital, or acq...BACKGROUND: Dental anomalies are variations from the established well-known general anatomy and morphology of the tooth as a result of disturbances during tooth formation. They can be developmental, congenital, or acquired and may be localized to a single tooth or involve systemic conditions. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in patients who report to the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) dental clinics. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a sample size of 92 patients aged 18 or older, obtained through convenience sampling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. RESULTS: The study included 92 patients aged 18 to 72 years, with 47.8% males and 52.2% females. Dental anomalies were observed in 51.1% of participants, with a higher prevalence in females (55.3%). The most common anomalies were diastema (48.3%), impacted teeth (22.0%), dilaceration (11.9%), and peg-shaped lateral teeth (6.8%). CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of conducting thorough dental examinations to identify and address dental anomalies, which may have implications for treatment. Early detection and correction of these anomalies are crucial to prevent future complications.展开更多
In dentistry, panoramic X-ray images are extensively used by dentists for tooth structure analysis and disease diagnosis. However, the manual analysis of these images is time-consuming and prone to misdiagnosis or ove...In dentistry, panoramic X-ray images are extensively used by dentists for tooth structure analysis and disease diagnosis. However, the manual analysis of these images is time-consuming and prone to misdiagnosis or overlooked. While deep learning techniques have been employed to segment teeth in panoramic X-ray images, accurate segmentation of individual teeth remains an underexplored area. In this study, we propose an end-to-end deep learning method that effectively addresses this challenge by employing an improved combinatorial loss function to separate the boundaries of adjacent teeth, enabling precise segmentation of individual teeth in panoramic X-ray images. We validate the feasibility of our approach using a challenging dataset. By training our segmentation network on 115 panoramic X-ray images, we achieve an intersection over union (IoU) of 86.56% for tooth segmentation and an accuracy of 65.52% in tooth counting on 87 test set images. Experimental results demonstrate the significant improvement of our proposed method in single tooth segmentation compared to existing methods.展开更多
The health of your teeth and gums affects your whole body.You should brush your teeth in the morning and before bed.Brushing them after you eat is also good.Remember to floss your teeth,too.Then your mouth will be cle...The health of your teeth and gums affects your whole body.You should brush your teeth in the morning and before bed.Brushing them after you eat is also good.Remember to floss your teeth,too.Then your mouth will be clean,and your breath will be fresh!Since you use your toothbrush so often,be sure to get a new one every three months.展开更多
Objective:To observe the effectiveness and safety of one-time endodontics in the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in pediatric deciduous teeth.Methods:109 cases of children with chronic apica...Objective:To observe the effectiveness and safety of one-time endodontics in the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in pediatric deciduous teeth.Methods:109 cases of children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in the deciduous teeth treated in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and grouped by the randomized numerical table method,with 54 cases in the experimental group and 55 cases in the control group.The experimental group was treated with one-time endodontics and the control group was treated with conventional endodontics.Results:After the treatment,the total effective rate of treatment was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse events was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the satisfaction of the children's family members was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the pain duration was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the experimental group,children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract of the deciduous teeth were given one-time endodontic treatment,and the results of its implementation were relatively good.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of primary method root canal treatment(ORCT)and multiple root canal treatment(MRCT)for dental cryptocleidosis with endodontic lesions.Methods:88 patients with fissured te...Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of primary method root canal treatment(ORCT)and multiple root canal treatment(MRCT)for dental cryptocleidosis with endodontic lesions.Methods:88 patients with fissured teeth with endodontic lesions who were admitted to the hospital between November 2021 and November 2023 were selected,and after randomized numerical table grouping,44 cases in the experimental group were included in the ORCT treatment,and 44 cases in the reference group were included in the MRCT treatment,and the total effective rate,root canal filling rate,visual analog scale(VAS)score,periodontal indexes,and the complication rate were compared.Results:The total effective rate and root canal filling rate of the experimental group were higher than that of the reference group;after treatment,the VAS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the reference group,and the periodontal indexes were lower than that of the reference group;and the complication rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:ORCT can improve the overall efficacy of patients with fissured teeth with endodontic lesions,ensure the filling rate of root canals,significantly reduce pain symptoms,improve a number of periodontal indicators,have high endodontic safety,and have more therapeutic advantages than MRCT.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of the guided bone regeneration(GBR)technique combined with temporary bridgework-guided gingival contouring in treating upper anterior tooth loss with labial bone defects.M...Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of the guided bone regeneration(GBR)technique combined with temporary bridgework-guided gingival contouring in treating upper anterior tooth loss with labial bone defects.Methods:From July 2023 to April 2024,80 patients with upper anterior tooth loss and labial bone defects were admitted to the hospital and selected as evaluation samples.They were divided into an observation group(n=40)and a control group(n=40)using a numerical table lottery scheme.The control group received treatment with the GBR technique,while the observation group received treatment with the GBR technique combined with temporary bridges to guide gingival contouring.The two groups were compared in terms of clinical red aesthetic scores(PES),labial alveolar bone density,labial bone wall thickness,gingival papillae,gingival margin levels,and patient satisfaction.Results:The PES scores of patients in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after surgery(P<0.05).The bone density of the labial alveolar bone and the thickness of the labial bone wall in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.The levels of gingival papillae and gingival margins were lower in the observation group after surgery(P<0.05).Additionally,patient satisfaction in the observation group was higher than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The GBR technique combined with temporary bridge-guided gingival contouring for treating upper anterior tooth loss with labial bone defects can improve the aesthetic effect of gingival soft tissue,increase alveolar bone density and the thickness of the labial bone wall,and enhance patient satisfaction.This approach is suitable for widespread application in healthcare institutions.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Misconceptions are associated with the teething process in Nigeria and is often blamed for symptoms in infants. A horrendous incident occurred in Nigeria in 2008 which recorded 84 infant deaths due to consumption of adulterated teething syrup to prevent teething problems. In the quest to engage the populace, particularly mothers, in health education to change this erroneous mindset about teething, it will be necessary and more cost effective to involve Traditional Birth Attendants (TBA’s) who can be invaluable in assisting to dispel myths associated teething as they live and work among the local populace and many times give counsel to mothers. Aim: To assess the attitude and beliefs of TBA’s in Ibadan, to teething in infants. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among TBA’s in Ibadan, Nigeria. A thirteen item interviewer administered questionnaire was distributed to all 163 TBA’s in the five urban local government areas who agreed to be part of the study. Results: Over half of the respondents (59.5%) and (55.8%) associated the teething process with fever and diarrhea respectively. Other beliefs included boils (49.1%), loss of appetite (48.5%), weight loss (44.2%), and sleeplessness (42.3%). A greater proportion of the older and less educated TBA’s associated teething with fever, diarrhea, boils, loss of appetite and weight loss. The respondents would advise analgesics (55.8%), teething powder (67.5%), antibiotics (12.3%), concoctions (4.3%) and sedatives (4.3%) as teething remedies. There was a greater tendency for less educated TBA’s to advise the use of concoctions?and antibiotics. Conclusion: The study reveals grave misconceptions among TBA’s who in developing countries like Nigeria give counsel to mothers in the various communities. There is an urgent need for health education to the TBA’s particularly the older and less educated ones.
文摘“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging of the human brain is characterized by a progressive decline of its functional capacity;this decline however varies widely,and cognitive longevity differs substantially between individuals.
文摘Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth;evaluation of the root surface,endodontic manipulation,and repair;and placement of the tooth back into its original socket.Case reports,case series,cohort studies,and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ITR in the retention of natural teeth that are untreatable or difficult to manage with root canal treatment or endodontic microsurgery.However,variations in clinical protocols for ITR exist due to the empirical nature of the original protocols and rapid advancements in the field of oral biology and dental materials.This heterogeneity in protocols may cause confusion among dental practitioners;therefore,guidelines and considerations for ITR should be explicated.This expert consensus discusses the biological foundation of ITR,the available clinical protocols and current status of ITR in treating teeth with refractory apical periodontitis or anatomical aberration,and the main complications of this treatment,aiming to refine the clinical management of ITR in accordance with the progress of basic research and clinical studies;the findings suggest that ITR may become a more consistent evidence-based option in dental treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52374001,52104001).
文摘Percussion drilling technology can be used to increase the rate of penetration in deep shale reservoirs,but the interaction mechanism among impact loads,drilling teeth and rock has not been sufficiently investigated.For this reason,shales with different bedding angles are used to carry out impact compression and tensile experiments as well as the rock-breaking experiments by single axe-shaped tooth,the variation of dynamic strengths,rock failure characteristics,fractal dimensions,and tensile/compression ratios under different load-bedding angles(α)are investigated.Then,the three-dimensional scanning device is used to measure the penetration depth and rock-breaking volume under different load-bedding angles.The results show that with the increase of load-bedding angle(0°-90°),the compressive strength decreases and then increases,with the lowest strength atα=45°and the highest strength atα=0°;the tensile strength decreases and then increases,with the lowest strength nearα=30°and the highest strength atα=90°.With the growing impact rate,the effect of load-bedding angle on dynamic compressive strength decreases,and the effect on dynamic tensile strength becomes more significant.When the impact velocity is high(≥8.0 m/s),the tensile-compressive ratio first decreases and then increases,and both reach a minimum at a load-bedding angle of 30°and a maximum at 60°.With the increasing of the load-bedding angle,the depth of tooth penetration increases and then decreases,and the highest depth of tooth penetration and the highest energy absorption efficiency are achieved atα=45°;the width of the impact pit increases and then decreases,and the maximum width value is achieved atα=30°,with the smallest value of the specific work value of the rock-breaking.The results have significant reference value for improving the rock-breaking efficiency of percussion drilling in deep anisotropic formations.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62062003)Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia(Grant No.2023AAC03293).
文摘The instance segmentation of impacted teeth in the oral panoramic X-ray images is hotly researched.However,due to the complex structure,low contrast,and complex background of teeth in panoramic X-ray images,the task of instance segmentation is technically tricky.In this study,the contrast between impacted Teeth and periodontal tissues such as gingiva,periodontalmembrane,and alveolar bone is low,resulting in fuzzy boundaries of impacted teeth.Amodel based on Teeth YOLACT is proposed to provide amore efficient and accurate solution for the segmentation of impacted teeth in oral panoramic X-ray films.Firstly,a Multi-scale Res-Transformer Module(MRTM)is designed.In the module,depthwise separable convolutions with different receptive fields are used to enhance the sensitivity of the model to lesion size.Additionally,the Vision Transformer is integrated to improve the model’s ability to perceive global features.Secondly,the Context Interaction-awareness Module(CIaM)is designed to fuse deep and shallow features.The deep semantic features guide the shallow spatial features.Then,the shallow spatial features are embedded into the deep semantic features,and the cross-weighted attention mechanism is used to aggregate the deep and shallow features efficiently,and richer context information is obtained.Thirdly,the Edge-preserving perceptionModule(E2PM)is designed to enhance the teeth edge features.The first-order differential operator is used to get the tooth edge weight,and the perception ability of tooth edge features is improved.The shallow spatial feature is fused by linear mapping,weight concatenation,and matrix multiplication operations to preserve the tooth edge information.Finally,comparison experiments and ablation experiments are conducted on the oral panoramic X-ray image datasets.The results show that the APdet,APseg,ARdet,ARseg,mAPdet,and mAPseg indicators of the proposed model are 89.9%,91.9%,77.4%,77.6%,72.8%,and 73.5%,respectively.This study further verifies the application potential of the method combining multi-scale feature extraction,multi-scale feature fusion,and edge perception enhancement in medical image segmentation,which provides a valuable reference for future related research.
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical effect of improved incision in the extraction of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth.Methods:160 patients who were treated in our hospital from October,2024 to April,2025 and had their mandibular impacted wisdom teeth removed according to the doctor’s advice were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The observation group used modified incision,while the control group used traditional triangular incision.The operation time,intraoperative visual analogue scale(VAS)pain score,pain VAS score on the 1st,2nd and 3rd day after operation,facial swelling on the 2nd day after operation,mouth opening limitation on the 2nd day after operation and the incidence of dry socket after operation were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in operation time between the two groups(p>0.05).The VAS score of pain in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group at each time point during and after operation(p<0.05).On the second day after operation,the facial swelling and mouth opening limitation in the observation group were significantly lighter than those in the control group(p<0.05).The incidence of dry socket in the observation group was 1.25%(1/80),which was significantly lower than that in the control group(8.75%,7/80),and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusion:The application of modified triangular incision in the extraction of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth can effectively relieve the pain during and after operation,reduce postoperative facial swelling and mouth opening limitation,and reduce the incidence of dry socket.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52175104)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (No. GZC20233008)
文摘Tooth cracks may occur in spiral bevel gear transmission system of the aerospace equipment.In this study,an accurate and efficient loaded tooth contact analysis(LTCA)model is developed to predict the contact behavior and time-varying meshing stiffness(TVMS)of spiral bevel gear pair with cracked tooth.The tooth is sliced,and the contact points on slices are computed using roll angle surfaces.Considering the geometric complexity of crack surface,a set of procedures is formulated to generate spatial crack and determine crack parameters for contact points.According to the positional relationship between contact point and crack path,each sliced tooth is modeled as a non-uniform cantilever beam with varying reduced effective load-bearing tooth thickness.Then the compliance model of the cracked tooth is established to perform contact analysis,along with TVMS calculations utilizing three different models.By employing spiral bevel gear pairs with distinct types of cracks as examples,the accuracy and efficiency of the developed approach are validated via comparative analyses with finite element analysis(FEA)outcomes.Furthermore,the investigation on effects of cracks shows that tooth cracks can induce alterations in meshing performance of both entire gear pair and individual tooth pairs,including not only cracked tooth pair but also adjacent non-cracked tooth pairs.Hence,the proposed model can serve as a useful tool for analyzing the variations in contact behavior and meshing stiffness of spiral bevel gears due to different cracks.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52478138).
文摘The connection efficiency of composite pre-tightened multi-tooth joint is low because of uneven load distribution and single load transmission path.In this paper,based on the principle of bio-tooth(suture)structure,combining soft material with fractal,a composite pre-tightened multi-hierarchy tooth joint is proposed,and the bearing performance and failure process of the joint through experiments and finite element method under tensile load.First,the ultimate bearing capacity,load distribution ratio,and failure process of different hierarchies of teeth joints are studied through experiments.Then,the progressive damage models of different hierarchies of tooth joints are established,and experiments verify the validity of the finite element model.Finally,the effects of soft material and increasing tooth hierarchy on the failure process and bearing capacity of composite pre-tightened tooth joints are analyzed by the finite element method.The following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The embedding of soft materials changed the failure process of the joint.Increasing the tooth hierarchy can give the joint more load transfer paths,but the failure process of the joint is complicated.(2)Embedding soft materials and increasing the tooth hierarchy simultaneously can effectively improve the bearing capacity of composite pre-tightened tooth joints,which is 87.8%higher than that of traditional three-tooth joints.
文摘This paper deeply discusses the causes of gear howling noise,the identification and analysis of multi-source excitation,the transmission path of dynamic noise,simulation and experimental research,case analysis,optimization effect,etc.,aiming to better provide a certain guideline and reference for relevant researchers.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Shenyang Normal University(Grant No.BS202207)Program for Innovative Research Team of Excellent Talents in University of Shandong Province(Grant No.2019KJH004)+3 种基金Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province(Grant No.tsqn201812070)Educational Department of Liaoning Province(Grant No.JYTQN2023422)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2017MD031)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41972025,41688103,42161134003).
文摘Three eusauropod teeth(SDUST-V1064,PMOL-AD00176,PMOL-ADt0005)are reported from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Ningcheng,southeastern Inner Mongolia,China.Two of them(SDUST-V1064,PMOL-AD00176)are assigned to early-diverging titanosauriforms in having slightly mesiodistal expansion at the base of the tooth crown,a slenderness index value>2.0 and<4.0,and D-shaped cross section.Furthermore,SDUST-V1064 and PMOL-AD00176 are referred as an Euhelopus-like titanosauriform on the basis of having a sub-circular boss on the lingual surface and an asymmetrical crown-root margin which slants apically,respectively.CT scan data of SDUST-V1064 reveals new dental information of early-diverging titanosauriforms,for example,the enamel on the labial side thicker than that on the lingual side,an enamel/dentine ratio of 0.26 and a boss present on the lingual side of the dentine of the crown.
基金Dalian Science and Technology Plan Project,No 2022080102.
文摘BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral health status of pregnant women.AIM To investigate whether personalized oral hygiene management enhances the oral health status of pregnant women.METHODS A total of 114 pregnant women who were examined at Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were divided into four groups:High-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≥2;received personalized oral hygiene management training),low-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≤1;received oral health education),high-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≥2),and low-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≤1).No hygiene intervention was provided to control groups.CAT scores at different times were compared using independent samples t-test and least significant difference t-test.RESULTS No significant difference in baseline CAT scores was observed between the experimental and control groups,either in the high-risk or low-risk groups.CAT scores were reduced significantly after 3(1.74±0.47 vs 2.50±0.38,P<0.0001)and 6 months(0.53±0.50 vs 2.45±0.42,P<0.0001)of personalized oral hygiene management intervention but not after oral health education alone(0.43±0.39 vs 0.46±0.33,P>0.05 and 0.45±0.36 vs 0.57±0.32,P>0.05,respectively).Within groups,the decrease in CAT scores was significant(2.43±0.44 vs 1.74±0.47 vs 0.53±0.50,P<0.0001)for only the high-risk experimental group.CONCLUSION Personalized oral hygiene management is effective in improving the oral health of pregnant women and can improve pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the general population.
基金the Review Committee of General Hospital of Central Theater Command(Approval No.05901).
文摘BACKGROUND Tooth defects can cause elongation of occlusal teeth,leading to insufficient repair space.The combination of dental implant restoration and orthodontic treatment of oblique adjacent teeth has a significant therapeutic effect.AIM To explore clinical efficacy,bone density,and follow-up of implant and orthodontic treatment for patients with inclined adjacent teeth.METHODS In total,98 patients with oblique adjacent teeth were randomly assigned to implant restoration combined with orthodontic treatment(group A,n=49)or to receive implant restoration alone(group B,n=49).Changes in alveolar ridge bone density and apical bone density were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.Changes in chewing function and language function were compared between the two groups of patients.Follow-up lasted for 12 mo after repair to observe any adverse reactions in the oral cavity.RESULTS The clinical effective rates of group A and group B were 97.96%and 85.71%,respectively,with group A having a higher clinical effective rate than group B.After treatment,the bone density of the alveolar ridge and apical bone in both groups decreased compared to before treatment,while the chewing and language functions improved.The changes in various indicators in group A were more significant.After treatment,the satisfaction rate of group A(97.96%)was higher than that of group B(79.59%).The incidence of adverse reactions in group A(2.04%)was lower than that in group B(24.49%).CONCLUSION The amalgamation of implant restoration and orthodontic treatment for adjacent tilted teeth demonstrates notable clinical efficacy,diminishes alveolar bone resorption,and fosters patient functional rehabilitation while exhibiting negligible adverse reactions.
文摘Background: Taurodontism is one of the most significant deviations from the normal tooth morphology affecting the molars in both primary and permanent dentition. Taurodontism refers to the Enlargement of the pulp chamber, resulting in its bifurcation pushed toward the apex of a tooth’s root. This study evaluated the prevalence of Taurodontism from radiographs taken at the University of Ghana Dental School Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, panoramic and periapical radiographs of 1000 randomly selected patients who visited the Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Radiographs were evaluated for apically displaced pulp chamber. Data was statistically evaluated, and the chi-square test was employed to assess the prevalence of taurodontism in the upper and lower jaws (p Results: Taurodontism was found in 171 radiographs giving it a prevalence of 17.1% of which 57% (98 radiographs) were from females and 43% (73 radiographs) were from males. This finding was not significant (p > 0.05). Taurodontism occurred more in the maxilla (289 teeth, 80.7%) compared to the mandible molars (186 teeth, 64.3%) giving it a ratio of 1.6:1. This finding was highly significant (p Conclusion: Taurodontism is relatively common in the Ghanaian population affecting more females compared to males according to this study. Further studies using a large sample need to be carried out to determine its incidence in the general community.
文摘BACKGROUND: Dental anomalies are variations from the established well-known general anatomy and morphology of the tooth as a result of disturbances during tooth formation. They can be developmental, congenital, or acquired and may be localized to a single tooth or involve systemic conditions. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in patients who report to the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) dental clinics. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a sample size of 92 patients aged 18 or older, obtained through convenience sampling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. RESULTS: The study included 92 patients aged 18 to 72 years, with 47.8% males and 52.2% females. Dental anomalies were observed in 51.1% of participants, with a higher prevalence in females (55.3%). The most common anomalies were diastema (48.3%), impacted teeth (22.0%), dilaceration (11.9%), and peg-shaped lateral teeth (6.8%). CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of conducting thorough dental examinations to identify and address dental anomalies, which may have implications for treatment. Early detection and correction of these anomalies are crucial to prevent future complications.
文摘In dentistry, panoramic X-ray images are extensively used by dentists for tooth structure analysis and disease diagnosis. However, the manual analysis of these images is time-consuming and prone to misdiagnosis or overlooked. While deep learning techniques have been employed to segment teeth in panoramic X-ray images, accurate segmentation of individual teeth remains an underexplored area. In this study, we propose an end-to-end deep learning method that effectively addresses this challenge by employing an improved combinatorial loss function to separate the boundaries of adjacent teeth, enabling precise segmentation of individual teeth in panoramic X-ray images. We validate the feasibility of our approach using a challenging dataset. By training our segmentation network on 115 panoramic X-ray images, we achieve an intersection over union (IoU) of 86.56% for tooth segmentation and an accuracy of 65.52% in tooth counting on 87 test set images. Experimental results demonstrate the significant improvement of our proposed method in single tooth segmentation compared to existing methods.
文摘The health of your teeth and gums affects your whole body.You should brush your teeth in the morning and before bed.Brushing them after you eat is also good.Remember to floss your teeth,too.Then your mouth will be clean,and your breath will be fresh!Since you use your toothbrush so often,be sure to get a new one every three months.
文摘Objective:To observe the effectiveness and safety of one-time endodontics in the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in pediatric deciduous teeth.Methods:109 cases of children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in the deciduous teeth treated in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and grouped by the randomized numerical table method,with 54 cases in the experimental group and 55 cases in the control group.The experimental group was treated with one-time endodontics and the control group was treated with conventional endodontics.Results:After the treatment,the total effective rate of treatment was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse events was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the satisfaction of the children's family members was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the pain duration was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the experimental group,children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract of the deciduous teeth were given one-time endodontic treatment,and the results of its implementation were relatively good.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of primary method root canal treatment(ORCT)and multiple root canal treatment(MRCT)for dental cryptocleidosis with endodontic lesions.Methods:88 patients with fissured teeth with endodontic lesions who were admitted to the hospital between November 2021 and November 2023 were selected,and after randomized numerical table grouping,44 cases in the experimental group were included in the ORCT treatment,and 44 cases in the reference group were included in the MRCT treatment,and the total effective rate,root canal filling rate,visual analog scale(VAS)score,periodontal indexes,and the complication rate were compared.Results:The total effective rate and root canal filling rate of the experimental group were higher than that of the reference group;after treatment,the VAS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the reference group,and the periodontal indexes were lower than that of the reference group;and the complication rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:ORCT can improve the overall efficacy of patients with fissured teeth with endodontic lesions,ensure the filling rate of root canals,significantly reduce pain symptoms,improve a number of periodontal indicators,have high endodontic safety,and have more therapeutic advantages than MRCT.
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of the guided bone regeneration(GBR)technique combined with temporary bridgework-guided gingival contouring in treating upper anterior tooth loss with labial bone defects.Methods:From July 2023 to April 2024,80 patients with upper anterior tooth loss and labial bone defects were admitted to the hospital and selected as evaluation samples.They were divided into an observation group(n=40)and a control group(n=40)using a numerical table lottery scheme.The control group received treatment with the GBR technique,while the observation group received treatment with the GBR technique combined with temporary bridges to guide gingival contouring.The two groups were compared in terms of clinical red aesthetic scores(PES),labial alveolar bone density,labial bone wall thickness,gingival papillae,gingival margin levels,and patient satisfaction.Results:The PES scores of patients in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after surgery(P<0.05).The bone density of the labial alveolar bone and the thickness of the labial bone wall in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.The levels of gingival papillae and gingival margins were lower in the observation group after surgery(P<0.05).Additionally,patient satisfaction in the observation group was higher than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The GBR technique combined with temporary bridge-guided gingival contouring for treating upper anterior tooth loss with labial bone defects can improve the aesthetic effect of gingival soft tissue,increase alveolar bone density and the thickness of the labial bone wall,and enhance patient satisfaction.This approach is suitable for widespread application in healthcare institutions.
