In this study,we searched for dispersed repeats(DRs)in the rice(Oryza sativa)genome using the iterative procedure(IP)method.The results revealed that the O.sativa genome contained 79 DR families,comprising 992739 DNA ...In this study,we searched for dispersed repeats(DRs)in the rice(Oryza sativa)genome using the iterative procedure(IP)method.The results revealed that the O.sativa genome contained 79 DR families,comprising 992739 DNA repeats,of which 496762 and 495977 were identified on the forward and reverse DNA strands,respectively.The detected DRs were,on average,374 bp in length and occupied 66.4%of the O.sativa genome.Totally 61%of DRs,identified by the IP method,overlapped with previously annotated dispersed repeats(ADRs)detected using the Extensive De Novo TE Annotator(EDTA)pipeline.展开更多
Sweet potato is one of the most important crops in Côte d’Ivoire. However, some constraints related to climate change limit its production. This study evaluated the agronomic and technological performances of ei...Sweet potato is one of the most important crops in Côte d’Ivoire. However, some constraints related to climate change limit its production. This study evaluated the agronomic and technological performances of eight varieties of orange-fleshed of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) to identify the most promising ones. The results show three groups of varieties with different agronomic performances. Group 1 composed of Irene and Vita is characterized by low production of small and large tuberous roots, low number of productive plants and low yield. Group 2 consisting mainly of Kabode is characterized by high production and weight of large tuberous roots as well as high yield. Group 3, composed of Tacha-2 Ininda, Ejumula Gloria, TIB-440060, CIP-199062-1, Bela bela is characterized by high production of small and large tuberous roots, high number of productive plants and average yield. The TIB-440060 variety has a recovery rate of 100%. The Irene, Kabode, Vita, Kabode varieties were resistant to viral and fungal diseases. In terms of technological quality, the TIB-440060 and CIP-199062-1 varieties have the best organoleptic qualities. Given the agronomic performances of the Kabode, TIB-440060 and CIP-199062-1 varieties, could be selected as the elites varieties and distributed to producers.展开更多
Measuring cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in epidemiological studies and clinical settings.1 However,the feasibility of measuring maximal CRF is low due to the time,e...Measuring cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in epidemiological studies and clinical settings.1 However,the feasibility of measuring maximal CRF is low due to the time,equipment,and expertise needed to conduct laboratory cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET)to determine the maximal rate of oxygen uptake(VO2max)as an objective measure of CRF.Alternatively,indirect estimates of CRF have been applied by measuring maximal duration on treadmill or cycle ergometer tests,2,3 extrapolating maximal CRF from workload or heart rate during submaximal fitness tests,4,5 and using non-exercise algorithms to estimate CRF from an individual’s age,sex,body mass,and physical activity habits.6 It is assumed that objectively measured VO2max is superior to extrapolated and estimated values due to errors associated with the estimated values;7,8 however,until Singh et al.9 newly released article in the Journal of Sport and Health Science,the comparability of these methods in identifying risks for all-cause and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality was unknown.展开更多
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the world’s leading cereal crop, with production estimated at over 1 billion tonnes in 2022. In Côte d’Ivoire, maize is one of the most widely consumed foods, with national production exc...Maize (Zea mays L.) is the world’s leading cereal crop, with production estimated at over 1 billion tonnes in 2022. In Côte d’Ivoire, maize is one of the most widely consumed foods, with national production exceeding 1 million tonnes in 2022. Despite its importance, this crop is subject to numerous biotic constraints, including Maize streak virus (MSV). The objective of this study was to characterize MSV isolates from Côte d’Ivoire using molecular biology techniques. To achieve this, maize leaf samples displaying characteristic symptoms of MSV were collected from different agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Côte d’Ivoire. Total DNA was extracted from the collected samples using the CTAB method and quantified with a Nanodrop spectrophotometer. The C2 region of the MSV genome’s open reading frame (ORF) was amplified through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using MSV-specific primers. The resulting PCR products were sequenced using the Sanger method. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using MSV sequences from other African countries (retrieved from NCBI) alongside sequences obtained in this study. The analysis was conducted using MEGA X version 10.05 software. The results showed that the main symptoms observed in the field included the presence of longitudinal light green streaks on leaves, stunted plant growth, and incomplete seed development in infected plants. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences from Côte d’Ivoire revealed three monophyletic groups, with sequences of some isolates collected from the same plot belonging to different groups. The MSV sequences from Côte d’Ivoire are very close to those from Rwanda. This study underscores the need for further investigation into the genetic diversity of MSV strains to enhance the diagnosis and management of this viral disease, which is particularly prevalent in maize crops in Côte d’Ivoire.展开更多
Doping modification is one of the most effective ways to optimize the thermoelectric properties of Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based alloys.P-type Bi_(2−x)Sb_(x)Te_(3) thermoelectric materials have been successfully prepared by dire...Doping modification is one of the most effective ways to optimize the thermoelectric properties of Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based alloys.P-type Bi_(2−x)Sb_(x)Te_(3) thermoelectric materials have been successfully prepared by direct Sb doping method.It can be found that doping Sb into Bi_(2)Te_(3) lattice array for Bi-site replacement facilitates the generation of Sb′Te anti-site defects.This anti-site defects can increase the hole concentration and optimize electrical transport properties of Bi_(2−x)Sb_(x)Te_(3) alloys.In addition,the point defects induced by mass and stress fluctuations and the Sb impurities produced during the sintering process can enhance the multi-scale phonon scattering and reduce the lattice thermal conductivity.As a result,the Bi_(0.47)Sb_(1.63)Te_(3) sample has a maximum thermoelectric figure of merit ZT of 1.04 at 350 K.It is worth noting that the bipolar effect of Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based alloys can be weakened with the increase of Sb content.The Bi_(0.44)Sb_(1.66)Te_(3) sample has a maximum average ZT value(0.93)in the temperature range of 300–500 K,indicating that direct doping of Sb can broaden the temperature range corresponding to the optimal ZT value.This work provides an idea for developing high-performance near room temperature thermoelectric materials with a wide temperature range.展开更多
Production of this crop is experiencing significant challenges, resulting in a decline in seed and fiber quality. To address this challenge, generations of high-performance cotton plants of the Gossypium hirsutum L. s...Production of this crop is experiencing significant challenges, resulting in a decline in seed and fiber quality. To address this challenge, generations of high-performance cotton plants of the Gossypium hirsutum L. species have been developed and are currently being commercialized. This study evaluated the impact of gin types on the agro-industrial quality of cotton in Côte d’Ivoire. To this end, cotton from the G3, R1, and R2 generations was harvested, sampled, and ginned on machines with 10 and 170 saws in the localities of Ouangolodougou, Ferkessédougou, Korhogo, M’Bengué, Boundiali, Séguéla, and Mankono, as well as at the Centre National de Recherche Agronomique CNRA) in Bouaké. The results demonstrated that cotton fibers obtained from ginning on 10-saw machines exhibited superior quality compared to those from 170-saw machines. Fiber length, fiber length uniformity, and short fiber rate exhibited the highest deviations according to gin type. The use of 170-saw gins resulted in a notable decline in quality. Conversely, micronaire index, fiber tenacity and elongation, and reflectance remained consistent across machine types. These results will enable us to more effectively regulate and advise cotton-processing factories, which primarily utilize 170-saw gins to enhance agro-industrial quality in Côte d’Ivoire. Furthermore, these results will assist breeders in incorporating them into their processes to enhance the quality of the varieties they offer to farmers.展开更多
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and mostly affects school going children. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the most vulnerable countries to schistosomiasis, and its ...Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and mostly affects school going children. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the most vulnerable countries to schistosomiasis, and its prevalence varies by region. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in schools in the Upper Sassandra region to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices of school children regarding schistosomiasis. In total, 354 students participated in the survey. Our results showed that, compared to the girls, the boys had a higher level of knowledge about schistosomiasis OR = 1.605 and p = 0.05. Regarding the signs, symptoms, and modes of transmission and prevention of schistosomiasis, the participants reported a low level of knowledge p > 0.05 and OR 1. In conclusion, it is important to target health messages in schools to reach the most vulnerable students effectively. This initiative aims to provide children with basic knowledge and skills in the transmission of schistosomiasis.展开更多
This study examines the socio-economic profile of livestock farmers in coastal Côte d’Ivoire. A total of 43 people were interviewed using well-structured questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using de...This study examines the socio-economic profile of livestock farmers in coastal Côte d’Ivoire. A total of 43 people were interviewed using well-structured questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results showed that local Lagoon breeders are divided into two zones: southwest and southeast. Breeders in the south-western region are generally located in two sub-prefectures of the Tabou Department (Grabo and Oulodio). Tabou’s department alone accounts for 42% of the Lagoon breed in Côte d’Ivoire. Agriculture in this area is traditionally sedentary, practiced for social reasons. On the other hand, the south-eastern zone, located in the departments of Aboisso, Adzopé, Agboville, Grand-Lahou, Jacqueville, Abidjan, Dabou and Sikensi, represents 58% of the Lagoon breeding area in Côte d’Ivoire. This second group is characterised by improved breeding. Most of the farmers interviewed in this zone breed for economic reasons. However, the risk of cross-breeding, which already affects the local Lagoon breed, could be increased by the presence of other species such as the Zebu and Ndamas, or even the Baoulé, in this south-eastern herd.展开更多
Quasi one-dimensional polycrystalline samples of Ba_(3)Hf(Se_(1-x)Te_(x))_(5)(x=0-1)are synthesized under hightemperature and high-pressure conditions.Using the powder x-ray diffraction technique and first-principles ...Quasi one-dimensional polycrystalline samples of Ba_(3)Hf(Se_(1-x)Te_(x))_(5)(x=0-1)are synthesized under hightemperature and high-pressure conditions.Using the powder x-ray diffraction technique and first-principles calculations,Ba_(3)HfSe_(5)is identified as having a hexagonal structure with a space group of P63/mcm(193)and lattice constants of a=9.5756(1)A°,c=6.3802(7)A°.The structure is composed of Hf(Se1)6 chains and Se_(2)linear chains extending along the c-axis.As the doping content of Te increases,the lattice expands and leads to 5.8%and 7.3%increases of the a and c values and a 20.1%increase of the unit cell volume of Ba_(3)HfTe_(5)compared to Ba_(3)HfSe_(5).The detailed structural refinements show that the Hf vacancies decrease gradually as Te doping increases in the Ba_(3)Hf(Se_(1-x)Te_(x))_(5)(x=0-1)materials,which leads to a decrease of electronic localization.In addition,the lower electronegativity of Te and the more extended orbitals with respect to Se contribute to orbital overlap between the inter chains.All these dominate the enhanced electron hopping,leading to a reduction of the bandgap from 1.95 eV to 0.23 eV for Ba_(3)Hf(Se_(1-x)Te_(x))_(5)(x=0-1)materials as the Ba_(3)HfSe_(5)evolves to Ba_(3)HfTe_(5).展开更多
Background: Since it was theorised by Abdel Omran in 1971, the epidemiological transition has been well documented in Latin America, Asia and even increasingly in Africa south of the Sahara. According to this theory, ...Background: Since it was theorised by Abdel Omran in 1971, the epidemiological transition has been well documented in Latin America, Asia and even increasingly in Africa south of the Sahara. According to this theory, sub-Saharan Africa is in the first phase of development corresponding to the “age of plague and famine”. Given the health statistics currently available, more and more low- and middle-income countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa, are experiencing an increase in mortality and the economic impact associated with non-communicable diseases. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa where non-communicable diseases are currently on the rise. Despite the significant changes observed over the last decades, few studies have been carried out on the epidemiological transition in Côte d’Ivoire. It therefore seemed necessary to examine the changes in patterns of disease occurrence and causes of death in Côte d’Ivoire. Objectives: This work aimed to determine the reality of the epidemiological transition in Côte d’Ivoire and characterize its facies from 1990 to 2020. Methods: A literature review was carried out using PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Google, institutional websites (WHO, World Bank), university library websites and institutional reports from Côte d’Ivoire. The indicators sought were mortality, morbidity, life expectancy and fertility. Results: Mortality fell overall from 13.88‰ to 9.70‰, with variations linked to cyclical situations. Life expectancy rose by 52.6 to 59.03 years, although it is still below 60. Fertility has fallen from 6.3 to 4.5 children. There is a general downward trend in morbidity due to communicable diseases between 2009 and 2019, followed by an increase in non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: Côte d’Ivoire is undergoing an original and complex epidemiological transition that needs to be taken into account in health policies and strategies.展开更多
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation,Russia(Grant No.24-24-00031).
文摘In this study,we searched for dispersed repeats(DRs)in the rice(Oryza sativa)genome using the iterative procedure(IP)method.The results revealed that the O.sativa genome contained 79 DR families,comprising 992739 DNA repeats,of which 496762 and 495977 were identified on the forward and reverse DNA strands,respectively.The detected DRs were,on average,374 bp in length and occupied 66.4%of the O.sativa genome.Totally 61%of DRs,identified by the IP method,overlapped with previously annotated dispersed repeats(ADRs)detected using the Extensive De Novo TE Annotator(EDTA)pipeline.
文摘Sweet potato is one of the most important crops in Côte d’Ivoire. However, some constraints related to climate change limit its production. This study evaluated the agronomic and technological performances of eight varieties of orange-fleshed of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) to identify the most promising ones. The results show three groups of varieties with different agronomic performances. Group 1 composed of Irene and Vita is characterized by low production of small and large tuberous roots, low number of productive plants and low yield. Group 2 consisting mainly of Kabode is characterized by high production and weight of large tuberous roots as well as high yield. Group 3, composed of Tacha-2 Ininda, Ejumula Gloria, TIB-440060, CIP-199062-1, Bela bela is characterized by high production of small and large tuberous roots, high number of productive plants and average yield. The TIB-440060 variety has a recovery rate of 100%. The Irene, Kabode, Vita, Kabode varieties were resistant to viral and fungal diseases. In terms of technological quality, the TIB-440060 and CIP-199062-1 varieties have the best organoleptic qualities. Given the agronomic performances of the Kabode, TIB-440060 and CIP-199062-1 varieties, could be selected as the elites varieties and distributed to producers.
文摘Measuring cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in epidemiological studies and clinical settings.1 However,the feasibility of measuring maximal CRF is low due to the time,equipment,and expertise needed to conduct laboratory cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET)to determine the maximal rate of oxygen uptake(VO2max)as an objective measure of CRF.Alternatively,indirect estimates of CRF have been applied by measuring maximal duration on treadmill or cycle ergometer tests,2,3 extrapolating maximal CRF from workload or heart rate during submaximal fitness tests,4,5 and using non-exercise algorithms to estimate CRF from an individual’s age,sex,body mass,and physical activity habits.6 It is assumed that objectively measured VO2max is superior to extrapolated and estimated values due to errors associated with the estimated values;7,8 however,until Singh et al.9 newly released article in the Journal of Sport and Health Science,the comparability of these methods in identifying risks for all-cause and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality was unknown.
文摘Maize (Zea mays L.) is the world’s leading cereal crop, with production estimated at over 1 billion tonnes in 2022. In Côte d’Ivoire, maize is one of the most widely consumed foods, with national production exceeding 1 million tonnes in 2022. Despite its importance, this crop is subject to numerous biotic constraints, including Maize streak virus (MSV). The objective of this study was to characterize MSV isolates from Côte d’Ivoire using molecular biology techniques. To achieve this, maize leaf samples displaying characteristic symptoms of MSV were collected from different agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Côte d’Ivoire. Total DNA was extracted from the collected samples using the CTAB method and quantified with a Nanodrop spectrophotometer. The C2 region of the MSV genome’s open reading frame (ORF) was amplified through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using MSV-specific primers. The resulting PCR products were sequenced using the Sanger method. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using MSV sequences from other African countries (retrieved from NCBI) alongside sequences obtained in this study. The analysis was conducted using MEGA X version 10.05 software. The results showed that the main symptoms observed in the field included the presence of longitudinal light green streaks on leaves, stunted plant growth, and incomplete seed development in infected plants. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences from Côte d’Ivoire revealed three monophyletic groups, with sequences of some isolates collected from the same plot belonging to different groups. The MSV sequences from Côte d’Ivoire are very close to those from Rwanda. This study underscores the need for further investigation into the genetic diversity of MSV strains to enhance the diagnosis and management of this viral disease, which is particularly prevalent in maize crops in Côte d’Ivoire.
基金supported by the Anhui Province Natural Science Foundation for Excellent Youth Scholars(2208085Y17)the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(GXXT-2022-008+1 种基金GXXT-2021-022)the Anhui Key Lab of Metal Material and Processing Open Project.
文摘Doping modification is one of the most effective ways to optimize the thermoelectric properties of Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based alloys.P-type Bi_(2−x)Sb_(x)Te_(3) thermoelectric materials have been successfully prepared by direct Sb doping method.It can be found that doping Sb into Bi_(2)Te_(3) lattice array for Bi-site replacement facilitates the generation of Sb′Te anti-site defects.This anti-site defects can increase the hole concentration and optimize electrical transport properties of Bi_(2−x)Sb_(x)Te_(3) alloys.In addition,the point defects induced by mass and stress fluctuations and the Sb impurities produced during the sintering process can enhance the multi-scale phonon scattering and reduce the lattice thermal conductivity.As a result,the Bi_(0.47)Sb_(1.63)Te_(3) sample has a maximum thermoelectric figure of merit ZT of 1.04 at 350 K.It is worth noting that the bipolar effect of Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based alloys can be weakened with the increase of Sb content.The Bi_(0.44)Sb_(1.66)Te_(3) sample has a maximum average ZT value(0.93)in the temperature range of 300–500 K,indicating that direct doping of Sb can broaden the temperature range corresponding to the optimal ZT value.This work provides an idea for developing high-performance near room temperature thermoelectric materials with a wide temperature range.
文摘Production of this crop is experiencing significant challenges, resulting in a decline in seed and fiber quality. To address this challenge, generations of high-performance cotton plants of the Gossypium hirsutum L. species have been developed and are currently being commercialized. This study evaluated the impact of gin types on the agro-industrial quality of cotton in Côte d’Ivoire. To this end, cotton from the G3, R1, and R2 generations was harvested, sampled, and ginned on machines with 10 and 170 saws in the localities of Ouangolodougou, Ferkessédougou, Korhogo, M’Bengué, Boundiali, Séguéla, and Mankono, as well as at the Centre National de Recherche Agronomique CNRA) in Bouaké. The results demonstrated that cotton fibers obtained from ginning on 10-saw machines exhibited superior quality compared to those from 170-saw machines. Fiber length, fiber length uniformity, and short fiber rate exhibited the highest deviations according to gin type. The use of 170-saw gins resulted in a notable decline in quality. Conversely, micronaire index, fiber tenacity and elongation, and reflectance remained consistent across machine types. These results will enable us to more effectively regulate and advise cotton-processing factories, which primarily utilize 170-saw gins to enhance agro-industrial quality in Côte d’Ivoire. Furthermore, these results will assist breeders in incorporating them into their processes to enhance the quality of the varieties they offer to farmers.
文摘Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and mostly affects school going children. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the most vulnerable countries to schistosomiasis, and its prevalence varies by region. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in schools in the Upper Sassandra region to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices of school children regarding schistosomiasis. In total, 354 students participated in the survey. Our results showed that, compared to the girls, the boys had a higher level of knowledge about schistosomiasis OR = 1.605 and p = 0.05. Regarding the signs, symptoms, and modes of transmission and prevention of schistosomiasis, the participants reported a low level of knowledge p > 0.05 and OR 1. In conclusion, it is important to target health messages in schools to reach the most vulnerable students effectively. This initiative aims to provide children with basic knowledge and skills in the transmission of schistosomiasis.
文摘This study examines the socio-economic profile of livestock farmers in coastal Côte d’Ivoire. A total of 43 people were interviewed using well-structured questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results showed that local Lagoon breeders are divided into two zones: southwest and southeast. Breeders in the south-western region are generally located in two sub-prefectures of the Tabou Department (Grabo and Oulodio). Tabou’s department alone accounts for 42% of the Lagoon breed in Côte d’Ivoire. Agriculture in this area is traditionally sedentary, practiced for social reasons. On the other hand, the south-eastern zone, located in the departments of Aboisso, Adzopé, Agboville, Grand-Lahou, Jacqueville, Abidjan, Dabou and Sikensi, represents 58% of the Lagoon breeding area in Côte d’Ivoire. This second group is characterised by improved breeding. Most of the farmers interviewed in this zone breed for economic reasons. However, the risk of cross-breeding, which already affects the local Lagoon breed, could be increased by the presence of other species such as the Zebu and Ndamas, or even the Baoulé, in this south-eastern herd.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1406001 and 2024YFA1408004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12104488 and 12474097).
文摘Quasi one-dimensional polycrystalline samples of Ba_(3)Hf(Se_(1-x)Te_(x))_(5)(x=0-1)are synthesized under hightemperature and high-pressure conditions.Using the powder x-ray diffraction technique and first-principles calculations,Ba_(3)HfSe_(5)is identified as having a hexagonal structure with a space group of P63/mcm(193)and lattice constants of a=9.5756(1)A°,c=6.3802(7)A°.The structure is composed of Hf(Se1)6 chains and Se_(2)linear chains extending along the c-axis.As the doping content of Te increases,the lattice expands and leads to 5.8%and 7.3%increases of the a and c values and a 20.1%increase of the unit cell volume of Ba_(3)HfTe_(5)compared to Ba_(3)HfSe_(5).The detailed structural refinements show that the Hf vacancies decrease gradually as Te doping increases in the Ba_(3)Hf(Se_(1-x)Te_(x))_(5)(x=0-1)materials,which leads to a decrease of electronic localization.In addition,the lower electronegativity of Te and the more extended orbitals with respect to Se contribute to orbital overlap between the inter chains.All these dominate the enhanced electron hopping,leading to a reduction of the bandgap from 1.95 eV to 0.23 eV for Ba_(3)Hf(Se_(1-x)Te_(x))_(5)(x=0-1)materials as the Ba_(3)HfSe_(5)evolves to Ba_(3)HfTe_(5).
文摘Background: Since it was theorised by Abdel Omran in 1971, the epidemiological transition has been well documented in Latin America, Asia and even increasingly in Africa south of the Sahara. According to this theory, sub-Saharan Africa is in the first phase of development corresponding to the “age of plague and famine”. Given the health statistics currently available, more and more low- and middle-income countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa, are experiencing an increase in mortality and the economic impact associated with non-communicable diseases. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa where non-communicable diseases are currently on the rise. Despite the significant changes observed over the last decades, few studies have been carried out on the epidemiological transition in Côte d’Ivoire. It therefore seemed necessary to examine the changes in patterns of disease occurrence and causes of death in Côte d’Ivoire. Objectives: This work aimed to determine the reality of the epidemiological transition in Côte d’Ivoire and characterize its facies from 1990 to 2020. Methods: A literature review was carried out using PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Google, institutional websites (WHO, World Bank), university library websites and institutional reports from Côte d’Ivoire. The indicators sought were mortality, morbidity, life expectancy and fertility. Results: Mortality fell overall from 13.88‰ to 9.70‰, with variations linked to cyclical situations. Life expectancy rose by 52.6 to 59.03 years, although it is still below 60. Fertility has fallen from 6.3 to 4.5 children. There is a general downward trend in morbidity due to communicable diseases between 2009 and 2019, followed by an increase in non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: Côte d’Ivoire is undergoing an original and complex epidemiological transition that needs to be taken into account in health policies and strategies.
